Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der suprakondylären und y-kondylären Humerusfraktur im Kindesalter. Die suprakondyläre Humerusfraktur ist die häufigste Ellenbogenfraktur beim Kind, die y-kondyläre Fraktur ist der suprakondylären ähnlich, tritt aber nur selten auf. Es wurden 172 suprakondyläre und 6 y-kondyläre Humerusfrakturen retrospektiv untersucht. Dazu wurden die Daten von 55 ambulant und 123 stationär behandelten Kindern bezüglich Unfallursache, Therapie und Komplikationen ausgewertet. Die Röntgenbilder der stationären Patienten wurden nachbefundet. 32,5% der stationär behandelten Kinder konnten nachuntersucht werden. Die häufigste Unfallursache war ein Sturz aus der Höhe. Im Patientengut waren Frakturen nach Baumann Klassifikation I, II und III zu ähnlichen Teilen vorhanden. Häufigste Behandlungsverfahren waren, ggf. nach geschlossener Reposition, Ruhigstellung in Gipslonguetten oder Blountscher Schlinge, und geschlossene oder offene Reposition und anschließende Fixation mittels Kirschner Drähten. Die häufigsten Komplikationen waren primäre und sekundäre Nervenstörungen, Abweichung der Ellenbogenachse oder Bewegungseinschränkung nach Therapie. 68,5% der nachuntersuchten Patienten hatten ein exzellentes oder gutes Behandlungsergebnis. Die Analyse der Ergebnisse und deren Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen anderer Autoren zeigen Folgendes: Nicht dislozierte Extensionsfrakturen sollten in der Blountschen Schlinge ruhiggestellt werden. Dislozierte Frakturen müssen exakt und schonend, möglichst geschlossen, reponiert werden. Gekreuzte Kirschner Drähte bieten gute Stabilität. Primäre und sekundäre Nervenstörungen haben eine gute Prognose. Radiologische Hilfsmittel wie Baumannwinkel, Rotationsfehlerquotient und Epiphysenachsenwinkel geben nur eine Orientierung bei der Vermeidung von Abweichungen der Ellenbogenachse oder Bewegungseinschränkungen. Y-kondyläre Frakturen mit nur geringer Dislokation der Kondylenfragmente können primär wie suprakondyläre Frakturen behandelt werden. / This paper deals with supracondylar and y-condylar humerus fractures in childhood. The supracondylar humerus fracture is the most frequent elbow fracture in children, the y-condylar fracture is similar to the supracondylar one, but occurs only rarely. 172 supracondylar and 6 y-condylar humerus fractures have been analysed retrospectively. For that purpose data of 55 outpatients and 123 in-house treated children have been analysed with regard to the cause of accident, therapy and complications. The radiographs of the in-patients have been revaluated. 32.5% of the in-patients have been seen for follow-up. Most frequent cause of accident was a fall from a height. Within the group of patients, fractures that were classified to Baumann I, II and III occurred to equal rates. The treatments which were used mostly are immobilization in plaster casts or Blount´s loop, after closed reduction if necessary, and closed or open reduction followed by fixation by Kirschner wires. The most frequent complications were primary and secondary nerval disorders, deviation of the axis of the elbow or limitation of elbow function after therapy. 68.5% of the follow-up patients had an excellent or good outcome. The analysis of the results including their comparison to the results of other authors have led to the following conclusion: Nondisplaced extension fractures should be immobilized by Blount`s method. Displaced fractures have to be reduced accurately and sparing, if possible by closed reduction. Crossed Kirschner wires provide a good stability. Primary and secondary nerval disorders have got a good prognosis. Radiological tools like angle of Baumann, rotation error quotient and angle of epiphyseal axis only provide an orientation in avoiding deviation of elbow axis or limitation of elbow function. Y-condylar fractures with only slight dislocation of the condylar fragments can primary be treated like supracondylar fractures.

Objetivo: Comparar o comprimento do úmero em fetos portadores de síndrome de Down (T21) com o comprimento do úmero em fetos normais, utilizando instrumentos de referência da população local. Método: Estudo caso-controle retrospectivo que comparou o comprimento do úmero de fetos normais com os fetos com T21, entre 18 semanas e 23 semanas e 6 dias. Os exames dos fetos com T21 foram realizados entre 1994 e 2012. Os controles normais foram avaliados entre 2007 e 2009. Foram analisadas as médias, medianas e desvios-padrão da idade materna, idade gestacional e medida do úmero. Posteriormente, foi feita análise da correlação entre as medidas dos úmeros e a idade gestacional, sendo seus valores expressos em múltiplos da mediana (MoMs). O comprimento do úmero dos fetos com T21 foram confrontados com os fetos normais utilizando o teste t-Student. A medida do úmero foi avaliada considerando-se os níveis de corte abaixo do percentil 10, 5 e 2,5 a fim de obter as respectivas taxas de sensibilidade. Calculou-se, ainda, a razão de verossimilhança (RV). A seguir, foi utilizado um modelo linear geral tendo a idade materna como covariável para controlar na comparação. Comparou-se, também, a medida do comprimento do úmero dos fetos normais da população local com o comprimento do úmero esperado baseado na curva de Jeanty. Os testes foram realizados com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Foram incluídos 58 casos com T21 e 1888 controles normais. A sensibilidade do comprimento do úmero para a detecção da T21 utilizando o nível de corte abaixo do percentil 10 foi de 44,8 % com RV de 4,4, abaixo do percentil 5 foi de 34,4 % com RV de 6,9 e abaixo do percentil 2,5 foi de 31,0 % com RV de 12. O valor médio dos úmeros, em MoMs, de fetos com T21 é estatisticamente inferior ao dos fetos normais (p < 0,001), utilizando o teste t-Student. Quando controlada a idade materna na comparação entre os grupos, a diferença permaneceu estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,001). Fez-se uma análise para comparar o comprimento do úmero nos fetos normais da população local com o comprimento do úmero esperado para a curva de Jeanty, e viu-se que os fetos normais locais têm comprimento do úmero estatisticamente significante menor. Conclusões: Existe diferença estatisticamente significante entre o comprimento do úmero de fetos normais e de fetos com T21 na população local (p < 0,001). A sensibilidade para detecção de T21 foi de 44,8%, 34,4% e 31%, para o úmero abaixo do percentil 10, 5 e 2,5, respectivamente. A curva de Jeanty não tem rendimento adequado para uso como controle do crescimento umeral em fetos normais locais, acarretando com seu uso o inevitável aumento da taxa de falsos positivos de úmeros curtos / Objective: This study aimed to compare the humeral length (HL) in fetuses with Down syndrome (T21) with HL in normal fetuses, by using instruments of reference of the local population. Method: A case-control study was conducted comparing HL in normal fetuses with HL in fetuses with T21, aged between 18 weeks and 23 weeks and 6 days. Fetuses with T21 who were examined between 1994 and 2012 were included. The normal controls were evaluated between 2007 and 2009. The averages, medians, and standard deviations were obtained for maternal age, gestational age, and HL. Afterwards, we analyzed the correlation between the HL and the gestational age, with values expressed as multiples of the median (MoMs). The HLs of fetuses with T21 were compared with the HLs in normal fetuses by using Student\'s t-test. The humeri were evaluated considering the cut-off levels below the 10th, 5th, and 2,5th percentiles to obtain the sensitivity. The likelihood ratios (LR) were also calculated. Next, a general linear model was used with maternal age as a covariate to control for comparison of the groups. Comparison was also made between the HL of fetuses in the local population and the expected HL, based on the Jeanty curve. The tests were performed with a significance level of 5%. Results: The study included 58 cases with T21 and 1888 normal controls. The sensitivity of the HL to detect T21 by using a cut-off level below the 10th percentile was 44.8% with a LR of 4.4; below the 5th percentile, the sensitivity was 34.4% with a LR of 6.9; and below the 2.5th percentile, the sensitivity was 31.0% with a LR of 12. The average value of the humerus, in MoMs, of fetuses with T21 is statistically lower than that of normal fetuses (p < 0.001), as measured by using Student\'s t-test. When maternal age was controlled as a covariant in the comparison between groups, the difference remained statistically significant (p < 0.001). An analysis to compare the HL in normal fetuses of the local population with expected HL based on the Jeanty curve concluded that the HL in normal fetuses of the local population is lower than expected. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant difference between the HL of normal fetuses and HL of fetuses with T21 in the local population (p < 0.001). The sensitivity for detection of T21 was 44.8%, 34.4%, and 31% for the humerus below the 10th, 5th and 2.5th percentile, respectively. The Jeanty curve is not adequate to use as growth control for humeri in local normal fetuses, as its use leads to an increase in false positive rates when measuring the proportion of short humeri

Background: Complex proximal humerus fractures with metaphyseal comminution remain challenging regarding reduction and stability. In most fracture patterns the hard bone of the bicipital groove remains intact. In this case series, we describe a novel technique of hybrid double plate osteosynthesis of complex proximal humerus fractures with metaphyseal comminution. Methods: In randomly chosen shoulder specimens and synthetic bones, pilot studies for evaluation of the feasibility of the technique were performed. Between 4/2010 and 1/2012 10 patients underwent hybrid double plate osteosynthesis. Seven patients (4 male, 3 female, mean age was 50 years (range 27–73)) were available for retrospective analysis. Based on plain radiographs (anterior-posterior and axial view), the fractures were classified according to the Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification (OTA) and by descriptive means (head-split variant (HS), diaphyseal extension or comminution (DE)). Results: Follow-up radiographs demonstrated complete fracture healing in six patients and one incomplete avascular necrosis. None of the patients sustained loss of reduction. Three patients where reoperated. The medium, not adapted, Constant score was 80 Points (58–94). Patients subjective satisfaction was graded mean 3 (range: 0–6) in the visual analog scoring system (VAS). Conclusion: The technique of hybrid double plate osteosynthesis using the bicipital groove as anatomic landmark may re-establish shoulder function after complex proximal humerus fractures in two dimensions. Firstly the anatomy is restored due to a proper reduction based on intraoperative landmarks. Secondly additional support by the second plate may provide a higher stability in complex fractures with metaphyseal comminution.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2018-07-23T18:20:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diogo Henrique Magalhães Gonçalves.pdf: 1521507 bytes, checksum: 0d42f8a3b94345ef905deb7a85a90628 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-23T18:20:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diogo Henrique Magalhães Gonçalves.pdf: 1521507 bytes, checksum: 0d42f8a3b94345ef905deb7a85a90628 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-07 / The reproducibility of scapular kinematics has already been tested intra- and inter-sessions and intra- and inter-days, however, these evaluations were only performed by experienced evaluators and the majority of studies included only one evaluator. Thus, the comparison between evaluators with different levels of experience has not yet been explored, leaving doubts as to the accuracy of the evaluation results when performed by different evaluators. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the reproducibility inter and intra-rater, experienced and inexperienced, during flexion and abduction movements of the arm for the scapula, humerus, and trunk segments. Kinematic data were captured during flexion and abduction movements of the arm using a system of 8 cameras and a sampling frequency of 120 Hz. In total, twenty healthy volunteers were evaluated (10 men and 10 women), with an average age of 25.1 (1.1) years, who underwent 6 sessions of movement analysis. Each evaluator carried out three sessions, two sessions on the first day, with a three-hour interval between them, and the third session on the second day, twenty-four hours after the first day. For each session, 5 repetitions of each movement, unilateral abduction and flexion of the arm, were performed. Statistical analysis was performed by an independent evaluator and the Shapiro-Wilk test was used for data distribution. The reproducibility of the range of motion and angular values at angles of 30º, 60º, 90º, and 120º was verified through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard measurement error (SEM). The values obtained for the angles 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° intra-day ranged from 0.67-0.98 and (0.58° to 5.64°) for the inexperienced evaluator and from 0.67° to 0.98° and (0.64° to 6.17°) for the experienced evaluator in the flexion movement. During the abduction movement the values obtained at angles of 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° intra-day ranged from 0.75° to 0.96° and (0.51° to 4.93°) for the inexperienced evaluator and from 0.62° to 0.97° and (0.66° to 6.58°) for the experienced evaluator. The model presented good to excellent intra-day reproducibility for both evaluators in the flexion and abduction movements of the arm. Inter-day values in flexion varied from 0.41° to 0.88° and (0.64° to 6.17°) for the inexperienced evaluator and 0.72° to 0.95° and (0.67° to 4.31°) for the experienced evaluator. In the inter-day abduction movement, values ranged from 0.33° to 0.91° and (0.74° to 6.60°) for the inexperienced evaluator and 0.72° to 0.98° and (0.73° to 5.01°) for the experienced evaluator. The reproducibility of the inexperienced evaluator presented from weak to excellent in the arm flexion movement and poor to excellent in abduction of the arm. The reproducibility for the experienced evaluator was good to excellent for flexion and abduction of the arm between the scapula, humerus, and trunk segments in healthy adults. The results showed that there is no difference between evaluators in the intra-day evaluations; however, on an inter-day basis the experienced evaluator obtained better reproducibility results, demonstrating that a difference in levels of experience between evaluators is of fundamental importance to obtain reproducible results on different days. However, we emphasize the importance of performing further studies, with different movements and patients, performed by two or more evaluators. / A reprodutibilidade da cinemática escapular já foi testada intra e inter-sessões e intra e inter-dias, porém essas avaliações foram realizadas apenas por avaliadores experientes e a maioria dos estudos com apenas um avaliador. A comparação entre avaliadores com diferentes níveis de experiência ainda não foi explorada, deixando dúvidas quanto a precisão dos resultados da avaliação se realizadas por diferentes avaliadores. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a reprodutibilidade inter e intra-avaliadores, com diferentes níveis de experiência, nos movimentos de flexão e abdução do braço para os segmentos da escápula, úmero e tronco. As capturas dos dados de cinemática foram realizadas utilizando um sistema de 8 câmeras e frequência de amostragem de 120Hz durante os movimentos de flexão e abdução do braço. Foram avaliados 20 voluntários saudáveis (10 homens e 10 mulheres) com idade média de 25.1 (±1.1) anos, que foram submetidos à 6 sessões de análise do movimento. Cada avaliador realizou três sessões, duas sessões realizadas no primeiro dia com intervalo de três horas entre elas e a terceira sessão foi realizada no segundo dia, 48 horas após o primeiro dia. Para cada sessão foram realizadas 5 repetições de cada movimento, abdução e flexão unilateral do braço. A análise estatística foi realizada por um avaliador independente, para distribuição dos dados, foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk, A reprodutibilidade da amplitude de movimento e dos valores angulares nos ângulos de 30º, 60º, 90º e 120º do braço foi verificada pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC) assim como o erro de medida padrão (SEM). Os valores obtidos nos ângulos de 30°, 60°, 90° e 120° intra-dia variaram de 0,67-0,98 e (0,58° à 5,64°) para o avaliador inexperiente e variaram de 0,67-0,98 e (0,64° à 6,17°) para o avaliador experiente, no movimento de flexão. Durante o movimento de abdução os valores obtidos nos ângulos de 30°, 60°, 90° e 120° intra-dia variaram de 0,75-0,96 e (0,51° à 4,93°) para o avaliador inexperiente e variaram de 0,62-0,97 e (0,66° à 6,58°) para o avaliador experiente. O modelo apresentou de boa a excelente reprodutibilidade, intra-dia para ambos os avaliadores nos movimentos de flexão e abdução do braço. Os valores obtidos inter-dias na flexão variaram de 0,41 a 0,88 e (0,64° a 6,17) para o avaliador inexperiente e de 0,72 a 0,95 e (0,67° a 4,31°) para o avaliador experiente. No movimento de abdução inter-dias os valores variaram de 0,33 a 0,91 e (0,74° a 6,60°) para o avaliador inexperiente e de 0,72 a 0,98 e (0,73° a 5,01°) para o avaliador experiente. Apresentando a reprodutibilidade do avaliador inexperiente de fraca a excelente no movimento de flexão do braço e pobre a excelente na abdução do braço. A reprodutibilidade para o avaliador experiente foi de boa a excelente para a flexão e abdução do braço entre os segmentos da escápula, úmero e tronco em adultos saudáveis. Mostrando que não há diferença entre avaliadores nas avaliações intra-dia, porém inter-dias o avaliador experiente obteve melhores resultados de reprodutibilidade, mostrando que a diferença de níveis de experiência entre os avaliadores é de fundamental importância para se ter resultados reprodutíveis em diferentes dias. Entretanto devemos ressaltar a importância de mais estudos serem realizados, com diferentes movimentos e pacientes, realizados por dois ou mais avaliadores.

Dans le but d’enrichir la modélisation virtuelle d’êtres humains et de mieux comprendre la biomécanique de certaines parties du squelette, ce travail propose une analyse comparative des propriétés histologiques et mécaniques de deux os appendiculaires fonctionnellement opposés : l’humérus et le fémur. La campagne a été réalisée à partir d’échantillons provenant de quatre SHPM embaumés (Sujet Humain Post-Mortem), de sexe masculin. Une étude géométrique en 3D a débuté l’expérimentation. Elle a été suivie par une analyse histomorphométrique de 153 photographies réalisées à partir de la face antéromédiale du cortex diaphysaire, à quatre niveaux de hauteur et à trois niveaux de profondeur. Des essais mécaniques ont ensuite été effectués sur 28 éprouvettes d’os cortical non congelé, provenant du même site anatomique. L’expérimentation s’est déroulée sur machine conventionnelle de traction. Elle comportait des essais en traction/compression et des essais de cyclage en traction dans le domaine élastique, à la vitesse de 0,05 mm/mn, jusqu’à rupture. Une loi d’endommagement a également été élaborée. Ces travaux ont montré que ces deux os offrent un comportement différent. L’humérus s’avère être moins résistant et plus raide que le fémur. Son endommagement intervient plus rapidement. Les valeurs mécaniques relevées sont en rapport avec la densité et la taille des ostéones actifs, ainsi qu’avec les caractéristiques de la porosité Haversienne. Les différences de comportement mécanique relevées s’expliquent par l’adaptation microscopique du tissu osseux cortical aux contraintes subies par un os porteur ou non-porteur. Les variations interindividuelles observées sont fonction de son état physiologique. / With the aim of enriching the virtual modelisation of human beings and understanding better the biomechanics of some parts of the skeleton, this work proposes a comparative analysis of histological and mechanical attributes of two functionally opposed appendicular bones: femur and humerus. The campaign has been done with samples coming from four embalmed PMHS (post mortem human subjects) of the male gender. A 3D geometric study started the experiment. It was followed by an histomorphometric analysis of 153 pictures carried out on the anteromedial face of the diaphyseal cortex at four levels of height and three levels of depth. Mechanical tests were then done on 28 specimens of non frozen cortical bone coming from the same anatomic site. The experiment took place on a conventional traction machine. It consisted of traction/compression tests and cycling tests under traction in the elastic zone, at the speed of 0.05 mm/mn until yield point. A damage law has also been elaborated. These studies have shown that these two bones offer a different behaviour. The humerus bone turns out to be less resistant and stiffer than the femur. It is damaged more quickly. The mechanical values noted are related to the density and the size of active osteons and also to the characteristics of Haversian porosity. The difference of mechanical behavior noticed can be explained by the microscopic adaptation of the cortical bone tissue to the stresses undergone by the bearing and non bearing bones. The inter-individual variations observed are linked to the physiological state of this tissue.

Ziel der Studie war die Evaluation des biomechanischen Effekts einer medialen Unterstützung bei proximalen Humerusfrakturen. An 32 unfixierten humanen Humeri, aufgeteilt in vier Plattenosteosynthesegruppen, wurde der Einfluss von inferomedialen Schrauben, dynamischen Verriegelungsschrauben und medialer Knochenspanaugmentation vom Femurkopf, im Vergleich zu einer Gruppe ohne mediale Unterstützung, getestet. Die Steifigkeit der Proben wurde bei Torsion, axialer Ausrichtung, 20° Abduktion und 20° Adduktion geprüft. Anschließend wurde über 5000 Zyklen und bis zum Versagen belastet. Verglichen wurden Steifigkeiten, interfragmentäre Bewegungen, Maximalbelastungen und Versagensursachen. Ausschließlich für die Gruppe mit Knochenspanaugmentation konnten signifikante Unterschiede, im Vergleich zu den anderen Gruppen, nachgewiesen werden. Eine Knochenspanaugmentation, mittels kortikospongiösem Span vom Hüpftkopf, bot biomechanisch eine signifikante Unterstützung der medialen Säule. Klinisch könnte das Auftreten von sekundären Repositionsverlusten möglicherweise reduziert werden. Für die Verwendung von inferomedialen oder dynamischen Schrauben ließen sich bei 2-Segmentfrakturen im biomechanischen Modell keine signifikanten Vorteile nachweisen.

This theses explores muscle activity during bow draw. The goal of his study is to evaluate whether muscle activity corresponds with increase in mechanical robusticity of the left humerus found in mezolithic osteological material. Muscle activity is measured by the means of surface electromyography. We measure activity of arm and back muscles. Activity was measured on m. deltoideus, m. infraspinatus, m. biceps brachii, m. triceps brachii and m. latissimus dorsi. Muscle activity was measured on 20 male archers, during bow draw of three wooden long-bows. Results of this study support the idea that change in robusticity of the left humerus could be caused by frequent bow use in post-glacial Europe.

No description available.

Establishing a chronology of variation in isotopic values can reveal frailty associated with biological and social age, as well as highlight individuals who vary from typical patterns. Although general dietary characteristics and infant feeding practices were previously unknown for subadults excavated from the cemetery at Alytus, Lithuania (14th-18th centuries), previous research concludes that Alytus' subadults experienced high rates of physiological, metabolic, non-specific stress, in addition to specific diseases like tuberculosis. To investigate nuanced relationships between diet and mortality, nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes from the femoral and humeral midshaft diaphyses of 70 subadults (32 weeks gestation to16 years) were analyzed. Dietary reconstruction reveals that on average, exclusive breastfeeding continued until around 2 years of age when enriched ?13C (-19.6‰) and ?15N values (12.7‰) begin to deplete suggesting introduction of C3 grain gruels and potential weaning-associated infirmity. Nitrogen values remained slightly elevated in children (3-5 years, 11.2‰) until the beginning of juvenility (5-8 years, 10.3‰) when ?15N more closely mirrored adult values (16 years, 10.2‰), consistent with predominant consumption of terrestrial animal protein, possibly with riverine influence. The difference between femoral to humeral ? F-H 13C (-0.05 ±0.25‰, 1?) and ? F-H 15N (- 0.01±0.45‰, 1?) was not significant, though humeral values were on average more enriched. Enrichments in humeral nitrogen and carbon coincided with estimated weaning age. Cohorts experiencing childhood and adolescent growth spurts experienced higher femoral ?13C and ?15N values. Examining dietary experience and physiological changes contributes a holistic understanding of subadult morbidity and mortality experiences in Medieval Lithuania.

Žastikaulio viršgumburiniai lūžiai gana dažna vaikų trauma, ypač per pirmąjį gyvenimo dešimtmetį. Nėra vieningos nuomonės dėl šios patologijos gydymo taktikos bei chirurginio gydymo metodikų taikymo. Iki šiol neatlikta perspektyviųjų studijų, lyginančių kelių skirtingų chirurginių gydymo metodų pritaikymą viršgumburinių žastikaulio lūžių gydymui, įvertinant vėlyvuosius gydymo rezultatus. Todėl mūsų atliktos retrospektyvioji ir perspektyvioji studijos turės didelę įtaką formuojant naują požiūrį į šių lūžių diagnostiką, gydymą bei reabilitaciją. Remiantis atlikto tyrimo duomenimis, įvertinome skirtingų chirurginio gydymo metodų ankstyvuosius bei vėlyvuosius rezultatus, galimas komplikacijas, veiksnius, lemiančius gydymo sėkmę, ir rekomenduojam taikyti literatūroje iki šiol neaprašytą bei mūsų modifikuotą Dorgano perkutaninės osteosintezės metodą, gydant vaikus, patyrusius dislokuotą žastikaulio viršgumburinį lūžį. Taikant šį gydymo metodą, galima žymiai sumažinti jatrogeninių neurologinių komplikacijų skaičių. Vėlyvieji gydymo rezultatai, taikant šį gydymo metodą, nesiskiria nuo gydymo rezultatų įprastiniu osteosintezės būdu. / Supracondylar humeral fractures are rather common trauma in children, especially on the first decade of the life. There are no united opinion concerning therapy of this pathology and surgical technique. Still there is no high–quality perspective studies performed to compare several different surgery techniques for supracondylar humeral fracture that compare later results of the treatment. Therefore our retrospective and perspective studies will have great influence to form new viewpoint to diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation of those fractures. Study performed will let us to evaluate early and late results, possible complications of different surgical techniques, will let us evaluate the factors that determine the success of the treatment. Summarizing the results of the studies, literature data and our practice we recommend an unpublished and modified by us pinning method of Dorgan percutaneous pining technique to treat children with displaced supracondylar humeral fracture. This technique leads to significant reduction of iatrogenic neurological complications. Late results of the treatment using this technique do not differ from standard pinning techniques in children.