The study called ILLESS AS THE OPPORTUNITY TO CARE AND CONSIDERATION Is fenomenologically focused on a variety of seeing the world affected by an illness. Bio-psycho-social-spiritual model of illness is generally understood as the integration of the figures concerning body,mind and socially-spiritual conditions. The solution is arranged in a multi-feature attitude to the therapy, involving bodywork and psychotherapy in terms of mindcare aiming to reach recovering changes, respectively metamorphosis.The basis is found in respect to the body-organism as a self-organizing system creating its own world coming from self-relating autopoiesis. Showing respect to patients brings unexpected theoretical and therapeutical options, concerning that issue there is the contraversion of traditional kartezian western thinking with radical contructivism, which as a new-age empirically advenced alternative of scientific positivism is apparently not fully practised in medicine nowadays. Illnes is seen as disaretation-exasperation,disbalance.Treatment in terms of techne on kartezian thesis puts emphasis on total organism rehabilitation but health in terms of physis cannot be brought back anymore.

Finally, the result from my study shows, that fatigue is a big enemy from the oncology patient. It influences their personal and social life and their quality of life. Therefore it is necessary to wrestle with fatigue using all relevant facilities.

Bakgrund: Självskadebeteende grundar sig ofta i att en människa mår psykiskt dåligt och genom att skada sig själva vill de dämpa den ångest som detta medför. En stigmatisering i såväl samhället som inom vården finns och att möta dessa människor upplevs som skrämmande. Stigmatiseringen bidrar till att ämnet blir tabubelagt och det är svårt att söka den hjälp som behövs. Syfte: Att beskriva upplevelsen av att leva med självskadebeteende. Metod: Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys där bloggar har analyserats. Resultat: Analysen av datamaterialet har genererat i olika teman enligt följande: en ständig närvaro av ångest, att fysisk behandla sig själv för att hantera ångest, oavbruten planering av att skada sig själv, kastas mellan känslor – en ständig ambivalens, vårdare iakttar mig, men ser mig inte samt ett dömande förhållningssätt från omgivningen. Att leva med ett självskadebeteende innebar ständig ångest samt många olika tillvägagångssätt kring hur de kan skada sig själva för att hantera denna. Diskussion: Det är viktigt för sjuksköterskan att ha en god kunskap samt förståelse för hur det är att leva med ett självskadebeteende för att på bästa möjliga sätt kunna bemöta dessa människor med respekt. Slutsats: Bristande kunskap och förståelse för människor med självskadebeteende bidrar till att upplevelsen av densamma blir sämre. / Background: Self-harm is often found in the fact that a person is mentally ill and by harming themselves, they want to subdue the anxiety it causes. There is a stigmatization in both society and in healthcare and meeting these people may seem fearful. Stigmatization helps to make the subject taboo and it is difficult to seek the help that is needed. Aim: To describe the experience of living with a self-harm behavior. Method: The study has been conducted with a qualitative content analysis where blogs have been analyzed. Result: The analysis of the data has generated in various headings as follows: a constant presence of anxiety,  to physically treat oneself to deal with anxiety, uninterrupted planning to harm itself, thrown between emotions - a constant ambivalence, caregiver observes me but does not see me and a judicial way from the surroundings. Living with self-harm involves constant anxiety and many different approaches to how they can harm themselves to deal with this. Discussion: It is important for the nurse to have a good knowledge and understanding of how it is to live with self-harm in order to best approach these individuals with respect. Conclusion: Lack of knowledge and understanding for people with self-harm contributes to the poorer experience.

Bakgrund: Den psykiska ohälsan ökar ständigt i världen. Unga som äldre människor drabbas och det ökade trycket inom primärvården är ett faktum. Akutsjukvården drabbas i stor uträckning då primärvården inte har resurser för att hjälpa personer med psykisk ohälsa i den omfattning som krävs. Sjuksköterskor inom vården möter patienter med olika sjukdomar och diagnoser. I nuläget är det inte ovanligt att en sjuksköterska vårdar patienter med psykisk ohälsa eller psykisk sjukdom, trots att sjuksköterskan inte har någon vidareutbildning inom psykiatri. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att vårda patienter med psykisk ohälsa inom akutsjukvården. Metod: Denna litteraturstudie är av deskriptiv design och grundad på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar. Samtliga vetenskapliga artiklar har noggrant studerats med hjälp av relevans- och kvalitetsmallar. Databaser som använts för att finna de vetenskapliga artiklarna är PubMed och CINAHL genom Högskolan i Gävle. Resultat: I resultatet framkom 6 olika huvudteman, dessa var: upplevelse av tidsbrist inom akutsjukvården, upplevelse av brist på utbildning om psykisk ohälsa och vad det leder till, upplevelse av att miljön inom akutsjukvården påverkar vården, upplevelse av triageringssvårigheter av patienter med psykisk ohälsa inom akutsjukvården, upplevelse av känslor inom akutsjukvården och upplevelse av brist på hjälp från andra vårdenheter. Alla dessa upplevelser påverkade vården av patienten med psykisk ohälsa. Diskussion: Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter med psykisk ohälsa inom akutsjukvården var utmanande och svår. De upplevde både tidsbrist och kunskapsbrist vilket försvårade möjligheterna till att ge likvärdig och god vård till patienter med psykisk ohälsa. Det är därför viktigt med fortlöpande utbildning för sjuksköterskor så att den psykiska ohälsan kan få ett större fokus inom akutsjukvården. / Background: Mental illness is constantly increasing in the world. Young and old people are affected and the increased pressure in primary care is a fact. Emergency care is affected to a large extent as primary care does not have the resources to help people with mental illness to the extent required. Nurses in healthcare meet patients with various diseases and diagnoses. At present, it is not uncommon for a nurse to care for patients with mental illness or mental disease, even though the nurse has no further education in psychiatry. Aim: To describe the nurse's experiences of caring for patients with mental illness in the emergency care. Method: This literature study is of descriptive design and based on 12 scientific articles. All scientific articles have been carefully studied with the help of relevance- and quality templates. Databases used to find the scientific articles are PubMed and CINAHL through the University of Gävle. Results: The results revealed 6 different main themes, these were: experience of lack of time in the emergency care, experience of lack of education about mental illness and what it leads to, experience that the environment in the emergency care affects care, experience of triage difficulties of patients with mental illness in the emergency care, experience of emotions in the emergency care and experience of lack of help from other care units. All of these experiences affected the care of the patient with mental illness. Discussion: Nurses' experiences of caring for patients with mental illness in the emergency care were challenging and difficult. They experienced both a lack of time and a lack of knowledge, which made it difficult to provide equal and good care to patients with mental illness. It is therefore important to have continuous training for nurses so that mental illness can have a greater focus in the emergency care.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning belyser att personer med bakomliggande psykisk sjukdom eller ohälsa stigmatiseras och diskrimineras både i samhället men även inom hälso- och sjukvården. Det är därför viktigt att se hur sjuksköterskor upplever och uppfattar hur det är att ge omvårdnad till denna patientgrupp. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att utforska sjuksköterskors upplevelser och uppfattningar av att ge omvårdnad till patienter med bakomliggande psykisk ohälsa och psykisk sjukdom medan de vårdas på kirurgiska vårdavdelningar. Metod: Åtta semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer utfördes med sjuksköterskor från fyra olika kirurgiska vårdavdelningar. Intervjuerna analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet redovisas i tre kategorier; upplevelser av att vårda patienter med psykisk sjukdom eller ohälsa, uppfattningar relaterade till ansvarsfördelningar inom vården och upplevelser av kunskap relaterade till psykisk sjukdom och ohälsa. Sjuksköterskorna i denna studie gav uttryck för både positiva och negativa upplevelser och uppfattningar kopplat till att vårda denna patientgrupp. De uppfattade ofta att personer med bakomliggande psykisk sjukdom eller ohälsa var vårdkrävande och tillskrev dem negativa karaktärsdrag. De upplevde även att de inte hade kunskap eller resurser till att ge dessa personer god omvårdnad när de vårdas på kirurgiska vårdavdelningar Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor i denna studie gav uttryck för olika upplever och uppfattningar kopplat till att ge omvårdnad till patienter med bakomliggande psykisk ohälsa och psykisk sjukdom inom somatisk vård. Upplevelserna och uppfattningarna var av så väl positiv som negativ karaktär och upplevelserna kan kopplas samman med tidigare forskning som visar att patienter kan uppleva diskriminering och stigmatisering kopplat till psykisk ohälsa och sjukdom. För att öka förutsättningarna för jämlik och patientcentrerad omvårdnad upplevde sjuksköterskorna att kontinuerlig utbildning kring psykiatrisk omvårdnad är viktig även för sjuksköterskor som är verksamma utanför specialiserad psykiatrisk vård. / Background: Previous research highlights that people with underlying mental illness or disorders are stigmatized and discriminated against, both in society and within the health care system. It is therefore important to see nurses perceive and understand how it is to provide care to this population. Objective: The purpose of the study is to explore nurses' experiences and perceptions of providing care to patients with underlying mental illness and or mental disorders while being treated in surgical wards. Method: Eight semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with nurses from four different surgical wards. The interviews were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Results: The results are reported in three categories; experiences of caring for patients with mental illness, perceptions related to the allocation of responsibilities in care and experiences of knowledge related to mental illness. The nurses in this study expressed both positive and negative experiences and perceptions related to caring for these patients. They are often perceived that people with underlying mental illness was demanding and attributed them there with negative character traits. They also felt that they did not have the knowledge or resources to give these people good care when they are cared for at a surgical wards. Conclusion: Nurses in this study expressed different experiences and perceptions related to providing care to patients with underlying mental health and mental illness in somatic care. The experiences and perceptions were of positive as well as negative character and experiences can be linked with previous research showing that patients may experience discrimination and stigma associated with mental illness and disease. To improve the conditions for equitable and patient-centered care nurses experienced that continuous training in psychiatric nursing is also important for nurses who are active outside specialized psychiatric care.

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Type 2-diabetes is now a public health problem, which constitutes 85-90 percent of diabetes care. The district nurse´s role in treating a diabetic (/person with diabetes) does not only comprise pure medical treatment but also support, advice and training to the individual. In our profession as nurses, we have found that medical knowledge in patients with Typ 2-diabetes is not always enough to obtain changes in lifestyles.</p><p><strong>A</strong><strong>im:</strong><strong> </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the illness perceptions in patients with Type 2-diabetes and their impact on health behavior.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> This qualitative study used grounded theory as a method.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The informants described in the interviews, their perceptions of living with Type 2-diabetes. The analysis revealed the main category <em>periodic health</em> <em>behavior </em>built up on and related to five categories developed in data: <em>preventive health awareness, guilt, confidence in medical treatment, motivational problems and periods of insight.</em></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study contributes to understanding of patients with Type 2 - diabetes their beliefs about illness and how it affects everyday lives.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Believes, District nurses, Groundey Theory, Illness perception, Type 2-diabetes</p>

Background: Type 2-diabetes is now a public health problem, which constitutes 85-90 percent of diabetes care. The district nurse´s role in treating a diabetic (/person with diabetes) does not only comprise pure medical treatment but also support, advice and training to the individual. In our profession as nurses, we have found that medical knowledge in patients with Typ 2-diabetes is not always enough to obtain changes in lifestyles. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the illness perceptions in patients with Type 2-diabetes and their impact on health behavior. Method: This qualitative study used grounded theory as a method. Results: The informants described in the interviews, their perceptions of living with Type 2-diabetes. The analysis revealed the main category periodic health behavior built up on and related to five categories developed in data: preventive health awareness, guilt, confidence in medical treatment, motivational problems and periods of insight. Conclusion: This study contributes to understanding of patients with Type 2 - diabetes their beliefs about illness and how it affects everyday lives. Keywords: Believes, District nurses, Groundey Theory, Illness perception, Type 2-diabetes

There are a lot of people with mental illness among the homeless. Mental illness is one of the many causes of homelessness and homeless people are more likely to have mental health problems compared to the general population. Currently, the system of social work with homeless people and people with mental illness in the Czech Republic is sophisticated. This diploma thesis focuses on social work with clients suffering from these health and social issues. The theoretical part of the thesis defines homeless people, people with mental illness and social work, as perceived by the contemporary academic literature. It deals with the current state of social work with mentally ill homeless people. The aim of the thesis is to determine reference points that are used by the social workers working with mentally ill homeless people. A qualitative research strategy was used to carry out the research part of the diploma thesis, which was conducted by a survey method using the technique of a semi-structured interview. Data analysis was evaluated using elements of grounded theory. The research group consisted of six communication partners who carry out social work in the following areas: shelter, night shelter, day centre and field social work. The research has shown that based on their own experience, social workers create a vision of social work. Obstacles to meeting these visions are massive barriers that are mostly systemic. The principle of indirect correlation applies here if the level of the system is higher, the barrier is less easy to influence, but it has a more devastating impact on the client. Significantly fewer barriers come from people. The social workers can influence these barriers to a certain extent. The disparity between barriers and support in social work related to a working vision is threatening, but social workers mobilize their power of defence and a "pointless" way to the vision in the area of barriers that can be influenced. The results of the thesis can provide feedback to the work of the communication partners. In addition, the thesis can be inspiring for experts as well as the general public as it points to a lack of health and social care for mentally ill homeless people related to big legislative contradictions in protecting the clients' freedom and their best interest.

Orientador: Erotildes Maria Leal / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T00:54:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricci_EllenCristina_M.pdf: 1547488 bytes, checksum: 4699c5e04feb1770d8b066a22cef975d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O presente mestrado pretende compreender o cotidiano de usuários em tratamento nos serviços substitutivos de saúde mental com diagnóstico do espectro esquizofrênico, através de suas narrativas sobre seu próprio cotidiano a partir da experiência de adoecimento. As narrativas a serem analisadas por este projeto foram produzidas entre (2009-2011) pela Pesquisa Matriz: "PROJETO EXPERIÊNCIA, NARRATIVA E CONHECIMENTO: A PERSPECTIVA DO PSIQUIATRA E A DO USUÁRIO" finalizado em 2011. O objetivo geral deste projeto de mestrado é: Conhecer o cotidiano de usuários com diagnóstico do espectro esquizofrênico inseridos em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) de três municípios brasileiros (Campinas, Rio de Janeiro e Salvador), a partir de suas narrativas sobre a experiência do adoecimento psíquico. Os objetivos específicos são: 1- Conhecer e descrever o cotidiano dos usuários que antecede o início do adoecimento; 2- Conhecer e descrever o cotidiano dos usuários durante as primeiras experiências do adoecimento, no momento de crise e no momento do diagnóstico; 3- Conhecer e descrever o cotidiano dos usuários após o início e processo do tratamento. Este projeto se insere no campo de investigação qualitativa multicêntrica com referencial a análise fenomenológica. A linha metodológica adotada será a fenomenologia interpretativa (hermenêutica), com aproximações aos estudos socioantropológicos e da psicopatologia fenomenológica. A análise dos dados segue a análise interpretativa fenomenológica com base nas transcrições dos grupos focais dos usuários da pesquisa matriz. As categorias encontradas e analisadas foram: Percepções de si, dos outros e do mundo; Relações com os espaços de tratamento; Trabalho e Religião. Percebe-se a riqueza das narrativas pela singularidade e complexidade das relações sociais e vi diversidade das ações que compõem o cotidiano das pessoas que passam pelo processo de adoecimento em esquizofrenia e a necessidade de Políticas Públicas e de tratamentos sensíveis a explorar essa complexidade e singularidade na cotidianidade dos sujeitos envolvidos / Abstract: This dissertation aims to understand the everyday life of people with a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis being treated in substitutive services through their narratives about their everyday life experiencing the illness. The narratives analyzed by this project were collected between 2009 and 2011, by a matrix research named "PROJECT EXPERIENCE, KNOWLEDGE AND NARRATIVE: The PERSPECTIVE PSYCHIATRIST AND THE USER", which ended in 2011. The main objective of this dissertation was to know the everyday life of people with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnosis inserted in Psychosocial Care Centers in three Brazilian municipalities (Campinas, Rio de Janeiro and Salvador), from their narratives about the experience of mental illness. The specific objectives are: 1- Know and describe the everyday life of CAPS users prior to the start of the illness; 2- Know and describe the everyday life of CAPS users during the first illness experiences, the first crisis and the diagnosis; 3-Know and describe the everyday life of CAPS users at the beginning of treatment and during its course. This research is part of a multi-center qualitative inquiry, adopting phenomenological analysis as a reference. The framework adopted is the interpretive phenomenology (hermeneutic), drawing from socio-anthropological studies and phenomenological psychopathology. The data analysis follows the interpretative phenomenological analysis of the transcripts from focus groups with CAPS users, from the matrix research. The themes found and analyzed were the following: Self-perception, perception of others and perception of the world; Relationship with treatment places; Work and Religion. The narratives¿ richness can be perceived from the singularity and complexity of social relations and the diversity of actions that compose the everyday life of people going through the disease process in schizophrenia, and the need for Public Policy and sensitive treatment to explore this complexity and singularity in the daily life of those involved / Mestrado / Política, Planejamento e Gestão em Saúde / Mestra em Saúde Coletiva

My thesis deals with the influence of leisure time activity on psychological state and quality of life of hospitalized child. In theoretical part there is presented historical development of the view of illnes, hospitalization and leisure time, further the theoretical part deals with the concept of quality of life focusing on quality of life of hospitalized. Practical part includes quality research focusing on importance of leisure time activities of hospitalized children, options of leisure time and its influence on psychological state and quality of life of hospitalized child. Analysis of interviews with parents of hospitalized children seeks to answer the research questions:the extent to which leisure time activities are provided on wards and if, or how much are beneficial for hospitalized child, quality of its life and its psychological state.