The Blue Drop Incentive-based Regulation (programme) was introduced in 2008 by the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) with the aim of maintaining and improving drinking water quality in South Africa. The programme is being implemented in order to protect consumers from water services providers who might not act in the interest of the public. For some years the confidence level of the public regarding the quality of drinking water in South Africa has not been at the desired level. The programme involves annual assessment of water services authorities by the DWA. In order for water services authorities to be awarded the Blue Drop status they are required to comply 95% in terms of the criteria used in the assessments. During the first and second years of Blue Drop assessments a number of municipalities chose not to be assessed but quite a few achieved the Blue Drop status nationally. It is against this background that the researcher undertook a study to determine how water services employees in municipalities perceive the Blue Drop programme. To achieve the study objective the mixed method involving quantitative and qualitative methodologies was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with supervisors and management while water treatment works employees completed a survey questionnaire. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis brought to light the following core findings: * The Blue Drop programme has the support of the overwhelming majority of employees who participated in the research. They perceive the programme as an inspiration for improved performance of the water services function in municipalities. * There is a lack of or poor understanding of the water sector legal framework including the Blue Drop assessment criteria by some participating employees. * There is a perceived lack of management and political leadership involvement and support for the water service function. Although the Blue Drop programme has been reported to be an excellent intervention by nearly all the participants, there are certain aspects that can be improved and are dealt with in the last chapter of the mini-dissertation. / Thesis (M Development and Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Rapidly changing oceans are threatening coastal ecosystems and require effective conservation efforts. On the Andaman coast of Thailand, SCUBA diving tourism is one activity that can aid conservation by providing incentives to conserve, rather than exploit, natural resources such as coral reefs. In 2011, the largest ever recorded coral bleaching event prompted the closure of many of the countries’ most popular dive sites to allow coral to recover. This unprecedented move and the resulting drop in dive tourists demonstrated the vast changes that could confront the dive industry in the face of climate change, altering its role as a vital activity within Thailand as well as its potential as a conservation tool along the coast. Ensuring the sustainability of Thailand’s coral reefs requires that we consider changes to both these components. This thesis tracks changes to the sustainability of diving as a conservation tool and predicts how these trends might vary in a future with continued climate change impacts. This research uses a wildlife tourism model proposed by Duffus and Dearden (1990) as a theoretical framework to examine changes to diving over time. A standardized questionnaire was administered to diving tourists in 2012 and compared against a similar study completed in 2000 to evaluate development and shifting sustainability of diving. Additionally, the ecotourism values and climate change perceptions of divers were measured to explore the present and future conservation potential. This work found that the conservation value of the dive industry has declined and will continue to do so without management interventions. Specifically, the specialization level of divers has declined between the years, yielding a population that has low skill level, generalized motivations, few ecotourism values, is easily satisfied, and spend less money than divers in 2000. Currently, there are many niche companies that all cater to mainstream tourists. However, within this broad industry, this research identified only one diving company that practices all of The International Ecotourism Societies’ principles for ecotourism operators, suggesting that diving on the Andaman coast is not an ecotourism industry. We anticipate that in the face of continuing climate change impacts, there will be a significant loss in clientele, but demand for diving will remain within the generalist divers on the Andaman coast. These findings provide clear evidence for shifting baselines, a phenomenon that will exacerbate declines in the conservation potential of the industry. Despite this, our results show that most divers are concerned about the impacts of climate change and are interested in learning about it, suggesting that there is potential to increase the educational value of the dive industry, and simultaneously boost its conservation contributions. To do so will require the efforts of both protected area managers and dive operators. / Graduate / 0366 / 0814 / 0768

This thesis extends the standard shirking model of efficiency wages to a continuum of effort levels. The generalisation completely overturns previous intuitions. In particular, the characteristic feature of the earlier theory that monitoring and pay are substitute instruments for motivating workers, no longer exists. This is remarkable, since such a negative correlation has been used as the primary empirical test for the existence of efficiency wages. With a continuum of effort levels, the efficiency wage model can also more conveniently be compared with conventional linear incentive wages. The most frequently recurring objection against the efficiency wage model is that unemployed workers should offer to pay entrance fees. This criticism is responded to in a model with finitely many periods. It is shown that the per period worker rents associated with efficiency wages strongly diminishes with the number of periods. It is further argued that both bonds and entrance fees are inferior means of extracting the remaining worker rents compared to investments in firm specific human capital. Finally, the above refinements of the efficiency wage theory are translated to fit in the arena of environmental economics and government policy. The corresponding results establish a rationale for a government to subsidise polluting firms and explain why a command and control policy is preferable to market-based incentive schemes. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1999

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research is inserted in the Special Education Research Lineup from the Master Program of education at the Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM. The interest in doing this work came from educational experiences lived in Extension Project "TIP Talent Incentive Program," that allowed me to observe, although informally, that the school did not have conditions to promote a process of education, with quality to high abitity students. Therefore, is really urgent to reflect and discuss the change of this process that happened at learning and development stages of students as a result of participation in the TIP. Thus, the theme is relevant and the interest in investigating the educational strategies undertaken in the TIP, contribute to the learning and development processes of a student with high abitity in the school s context? The goals that guide this research are: to establish relations between the educational strategies of TIP and those that occur in the context of the classroom; see how the educational strategies adopted in TIP contribute to the student prove their abitity in the classroom; identify teachers understanding about the contribution of the TIP in learning and development of the student in the school s context, and examine how the motivation and creativity of the student in the school s context relate to the activities proposed by TIP. The effectiveness of these goals required a direct contact with the school in which the student is enrolled. So this research sets itself as descriptive, qualitative analysis and framed in the profile of the characteristics of a Case Study. The instruments used to data collection were a semi-structured interview with the student s teachers and systematic observations made in the classroom regularly. It is important to emphasize that, recognition and attention up to students with higher abitity, through the adoption of specific educational strategies, are systematically supported, by the data obtained from this research, which showed that without a stimulus and appropriate educational strategies implemented in the school s programming, or in other spaces, as an example the programs of incentive, these students are subject to the risk of failure in school and have their claims its potential asleep. Therefore, the present investigation sought to contribute to undertake an attempt to clarify the issues relating to the theme of high abitity and processes of students learning and development, presenting the strategies undertaken in the educational TIP as an alternative to practical action that favors the potential s development of high skills students, which sometimes cannot express it and develop it fully in the school context. / A presente pesquisa está inserida na Linha de Pesquisa Educação Especial do Curso de Mestrado do Programa de pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM. O interesse em realizar este trabalho surgiu a partir das experiências pedagógicas vivenciadas no Projeto de Extensão PIT Programa de Incentivo ao Talento , momento que se observou, embora informalmente, que a escola não apresentava as condições reais para promover um processo de educação de qualidade aos alunos com altas habilidades. Destarte, urge a necessidade de refletir e discutir os processos de mudanças que ocorrem na aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento dos alunos, como resultado da participação no PIT. Assim, a temática é relevante e instiga o interesse em investigar se as estratégias educacionais realizadas no PIT contribuem para a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento de um aluno com altas habilidades, no contexto escolar. Os objetivos que direcionam essa investigação são os seguintes: estabelecer relações entre as estratégias educacionais do PIT e aquelas que ocorrem no contexto de sala de aula; verificar como as estratégias educacionais adotadas no PIT contribuem para o aluno revelar suas habilidades em sala de aula; identificar o entendimento dos professores acerca da contribuição do PIT na aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento do aluno, no contexto escolar; e verificar como a motivação e a criatividade do aluno no contexto escolar relacionam-se com as atividades propostas pelo PIT. A efetivação desses objetivos exigiu um contato direto com a escola em que o aluno está matriculado. Assim esta pesquisa configura-se como descritiva, com análise qualitativa e enquadrada no perfil das características de um Estudo de Caso. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram a entrevista semi-estruturada com as professoras do aluno e as observações sistemáticas realizadas na sala de aula regular. É importante destacar que, o reconhecimento e a atenção aos alunos com altas habilidades, mediante a adoção de estratégias educacionais especificas, são sistematicamente sustentados pelos dados desta pesquisa, os quais evidenciam que, sem um estímulo adequado e estratégias educacionais implementadas na programação escolar, ou em outros espaços, como exemplo, os programas de enriquecimento, esses alunos estão sujeito ao risco de fracassar em suas pretensões escolares e ter seu potencial adormecido. Portanto, a presente investigação pretendeu contribuir no sentido de empreender uma tentativa de elucidar as questões referentes à temática das altas habilidades e dos processos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento desses alunos, apresentando as estratégias educacionais realizadas no PIT como uma alternativa de ação prática que favorece o desenvolvimento do potencial do aluno com altas habilidades, que, por vezes, nem sempre consegue expressá-lo e desenvolvê-lo plenamente no contexto escolar.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:32:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta__o_vicente_borges.pdf: 251855 bytes, checksum: 45bb14a933a27aec96e4315283ab3b08 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work is a boarding of problematic of the cultural marketing and the its importance as instrument to develop the politics of social responsibility of the enterprise organizations. If not finding specific bibliography on the relation cultural marketing and social responsibility, support in authors who individually deal with the components this relation, as well as in others of the area of the administration and the marketing properly said searched. In research qualitative and quantitative carried through with cultural producers and entrepreneurs of the State of Santa Catarina, they had been studied, in explore and descriptive way, the raised and inferred information, using a structuralized instrument not conceal, or either, questionnaire applied in the form of individual interview, with explore questions - that they had given a vision of the searched universe - and descriptive - that they had supplied the characteristics of the interviewed one. It analyzes the importance and the use of the Laws of Incentive to the Culture, inside of the context of the social responsibility of catarinenses companies. Objective to contribute to awake it of new and more complete studies on the subject that, in understanding of the author, is original, in that it says respect to the confrontation of the cultural marketing versus social responsibility. / Estudo que aborda a problemática do marketing cultural e sua importância como instrumento para desenvolver as políticas de responsabilidade social das organizações empresariais. Não encontrando bibliografia específica sobre a relação entre marketing cultural e responsabilidade social, busca suporte em autores que tratam os componentes dessa relação individualmente, bem como em outros da área da administração e do marketing propriamente dito. Em pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa realizada com produtores culturais e empresários do Estado de Santa Catarina, estudaram-se, de modo exploratório e descritivo, as informações levantadas e inferidas, utilizando-se um instrumento estruturado não disfarçado, ou seja, questionário aplicado na forma de entrevista individual, com questões exploratórias que proporcionaram uma visão geral do universo pesquisado e descritivas que forneceram as características do entrevistado. Analisa a importância e a utilização das leis de incentivo à cultura, no contexto da responsabilidade social de empresas catarinenses, com o objetivo de contribuir para despertar novos e mais completos estudos sobre o tema que, no entender do autor, é original, no que diz respeito ao confronto entre marketing cultural e responsabilidade social.

Submitted by FABIO JOSÉ HERRERO SARSO (contabilidade@grupoambaramaral.com.br) on 2017-04-12T19:52:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO FABIO SARSO 12042017.pdf: 1348893 bytes, checksum: 04a02e01458e8fcca6e2895bb070f2b4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2017-04-12T20:56:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO FABIO SARSO 12042017.pdf: 1348893 bytes, checksum: 04a02e01458e8fcca6e2895bb070f2b4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-17T12:17:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO FABIO SARSO 12042017.pdf: 1348893 bytes, checksum: 04a02e01458e8fcca6e2895bb070f2b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-22 / A tributação é a principal forma que o Estado tem para arrecadar fundos e receitas, que garantam a manutenção de suas despesas, como também dê respaldo para cumprir seus programas governamentais. Neste contexto, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi levantar e apresentar um estudo sobre o estado atual da carga tributária incidente em toda a cadeia produtiva do agronegócio, dos tributos incidentes sobre os setores agrícola, pecuário e agroindustrial brasileiro, bem como discutir o quanto esses tributos impactam nos custos produtivos, e como os mesmos influenciam ou contribuem para o desenvolvimento do setor. Para tal, o método utilizado para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi realizado através de uma investigação e revisão de documentos e materiais, mais especificamente da legislação tributária, tais como leis, decretos, portarias, medidas provisórias, normas, instrução normativas, atos declaratórios e índices econômicos. Ainda, utilizou-se um modelo de simulação para mensurar como alterações no sistema tributário incidente sobre o agronegócio impactariam no setor e na economia brasileira. Por fim, aplicou-se ainda, entrevistas com profissionais especialistas do setor tributário e do agronegócio, no qual foi abordado sobre a estrutura tributária como um todo, sobre os tributos e isenções fiscais incidentes sobre a cadeia produtiva do agronegócio e os impactos desses fatores no desenvolvimento econômico. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram o peso da carga tributária incidente sobre a produção agropecuária e a agroindústria processadora, bem como os incentivos fiscais ou subsídios concedidos pelo Estado a esses setores, através de intervenção no domínio econômico. Tais resultados podem servir para que produtores e empresas privadas identifiquem os principais tributos e isenções a que estão sujeitos e como estes impactam seus custos produtivos e industriais, permitindo assim o desenvolvimento de um planejamento tributário. Conclui-se que a complexidade e o nível de taxação do sistema tributário incidente sobre o setor não seguem os preceitos desejáveis de sistemas tributários modernos, como simplicidade e neutralidade no que diz respeito à decisão de alocação de recursos pelos agentes econômicos. / Taxation is the main way the state has to raise funds and revenues, to guarantee the maintenance of its expenses, but also to support its government programs. In this context, the objective of the present research was to present and present a study on the current state of the tax burden in the entire agribusiness production chain, on taxes levied on the Brazilian agricultural, livestock and agroindustrial sectors, as well as to discuss how much these taxes Impact on productive costs, and how they influence or contribute to the development of the sector. To that end, the method used for the development of the work was done through an investigation and revision of documents and materials, specifically of the tax legislation, such as laws, decrees, ordinances, provisional measures, standards, normative instruction, declaratory acts and indexes and economic development. Also, a simulation model was used to measure how changes in the tax system affecting agribusiness would impact the Brazilian economy and the sector. Finally, interviews with professionals from the tax and agribusiness sectors were carried out, in which the tax structure as a whole was discussed on the taxes and tax exemptions on the agribusiness productive chain and the impacts of these factors on the economic development. The results of the research demonstrate the weight of the tax burden on agricultural production and agroindustry processing, as well as the fiscal incentives or subsidies granted by the State to these sectors through intervention in the economic domain. These results can be used for private producers and companies to identify the main taxes and exemptions to which they are subject and how they impact their productive and industrial costs, thus allowing the development of tax planning. It is concluded that the complexity and level of taxation of the tax system on the sector do not follow the desirable precepts of modern tax systems, such as simplicity and neutrality regarding the decision to allocate resources by economic agents.

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a emergência de novos partidos políticos no Brasil entre 1979 e 2015 visando a compreender se o arcabouço legal é suficiente para explicar este fenômeno. Com base na literatura de Ciência política, estudamos a formação de novas organizações partidárias na Nova Democracia a partir de três dimensões: aspecto político, contexto socioeconômico e arcabouço legal. A pesquisa está dividida em quatro capítulos: sendo que o primeiro consiste em uma revisão da literatura sobre novos partidos e o segundo é destinado às considerações metodológicas que orientaram o trabalho. O terceiro capítulo analisa o surgimento de novos partidos no Brasil sob a ótica do contexto político, do aspecto socioeconômico e do arcabouço legal de acordo com os cenários dos seis períodos históricos recortados: 1979 a 1984, 1985 a 1989, 1990 a 1994, 1995 a 2002, 2003 a 2010 e 2011 a 2015. Dentro de cada um destes períodos, as variáveis foram classificadas como incentivadoras ou inibidoras em relação à criação de novos partidos. Por fim, o último capítulo é dedicado a responder ao problema de pesquisa, articulando as análises dos períodos de forma comparada. Os resultados encontrados confirmaram a hipótese de que um arcabouço legal é necessário para compreender o surgimento de novas organizações partidárias, mas não é suficiente para explicar este fenômeno, que é complexo e multicausal. / This paper aims to analyze the new political parties’ emergence in Brazil between 1979 and 2015 in order to understand if the legal framework is sufficient to explain this phenomenon. Based on the Political Science literature, the formation of new parties is studied from three variables: political, socioeconomic and legal framework. This research is divided in four chapters: the first consists in a literature review about new parties’ formation and the second is dedicated to the methodological considerations that guided this study. The third chapter analyses the new political parties’ emergence in Brazil considering political, socioeconomic and legal aspects according to the scenarios of the six historical periods determined: 1979 to 1984, 1985 to 1989, 1990 to 1994, 1995 to 2002, 2003 to 2010 and 2011 to 2015. For each period, the variables were classified as encourager or inhibitor of new parties’ formation. The last chapter articulates the analysis of the periods in a comparative perspective. The results confirmed the hypothesis: the legal framework is required to understand new parties’ formation, even though it is not enough to explain this phenomenon, which is complex and multifactorial.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndessonAC_DISSERT.pdf: 1284523 bytes, checksum: 20f0d31b68c348aad2fbd67ecc3bd15c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-17 / Since the emergence of the first demands for actions that were intended to give greater attention to culture in Brazil, came the first discussions which concerned the way the Brazilian government could have a positive influence in encouraging the culture, as is its interaction with the actors interested and involved with the cause. During the military dictatorship, there were programs which relied on the direct participation of the State to ensure that right, from the viewpoint of its support and implementation of public resources in developing the "cultural product" to be brought to society in its various forms of expression - all this, funded by the government. It is an example of "EMBRAFILMES" and "Projeto Seis e Meia", continued until the present day in some regions of the country, though maintained by entities not directly connected with the administration or the government. However, it was from the period of democratization and the end of the dictatorship that the Brazilian government began to look at the different culture, under its guarantee to the society. Came the first incentive laws, led by "Lei Sarney" N? 7.505/86, which was culture as a segment which could receive foreign assistance in order to assist the government in fulfilling its public duty. After Collor era and the end of the embargo through the encouragement of culture incentive laws, consolidated the incentive model proposed in advance of Culture "Lei Sarney" and the federal laws, state and local regimentares as close to this action. This applies to the Rouanet Law (Lei Rouanet), C?mara Cascudo Law (Lei C?mara Cascudo) and Djalma Maranh?o Cultural Incentive Law (Lei de Incentivo ? Cultura Djalma Maranh?o), existing in Natal and Rio Grande do Norte. Since then, business entities could help groups and cultural organizations to keep their work from the political sponsorship under control and regiment through the Brazilian state in the form of their Cultural Incentive Law. This framework has contributed to the strengthening of NGOs and with the consolidation of these institutions as the linchpin of Republican guaranteeing the right to access to culture, but corporate social responsibility was the one who took off in the segment treated here, through the actions of Responsibility Cultural enterprises arising from the Cultural Organizations. Therefore, in the face of this discourse, this study ascertains the process of encouraging the Culture in Rio Grande do Norte from the Deviant Case Analysis at the Casa da Ribeira, the main Cultural Organization that operates, focused action in Natal in order to assess the relationships established between the same entity and the institutions which are entitled to maintain the process of encouraging treated in this study - Enterprise, from the viewpoint of corporate sponsorship and Cultural Responsibility and State in the form of the Laws Incentive Funds and Public Culture Incentive / Com o surgimento das primeiras demandas por a??es que visassem dar maior aten??o ? Cultura no Brasil, vieram as primeiras discuss?es as quais diziam respeito ao modo como o Estado brasileiro poderia interferir positivamente no ?mbito do incentivo ? Cultura, tal qual a sua intera??o com os atores interessados e envolvidos com a causa. Durante a Ditadura Militar, surgiram programas os quais contavam com a participa??o direta do Estado na garantia desse direito, na ?tica do seu apoio e na aplica??o de recursos p?blicos na elaborar do produto cultural a ser levado ? sociedade nas suas diversas formas de express?o isto tudo, financiado pelo pr?prio governo. ? o exemplo da EMBRAFILMES e do Projeto Seis e Meia , continuado at? os dias de hoje em algumas regi?es do pa?s, ainda que mantido por entidades n?o vinculadas ? administra??o direta ou ao poder p?blico. Todavia, foi a partir do per?odo da redemocratiza??o e do fim da ditadura que o Estado brasileiro passou a olhar para a Cultura diferente, no ?mbito de sua garantia junto ? sociedade. Surgiram as primeiras leis de incentivo, encabe?adas pela Lei Sarney , N? 7.505/86, na qual tratava a Cultura como um segmento o qual poderia receber ajuda externa, de modo a auxiliar a administra??o p?blica no cumprimento do seu dever p?blico. Ap?s a era Collor e o fim do embargo ao incentivo ? Cultura atrav?s das Leis de Incentivo, consolidou-se o modelo de incentivo ? Cultura de antem?o proposto na Lei Sarney e as Leis federais, estaduais e municipais como regimentares junto ? essa a??o. ? o caso da Lei Rouanet, Lei C?mara Cascudo e Lei de Incentivo ? Cultura Djalma Maranh?o, vigentes em Natal e no Rio Grande do Norte. A partir de ent?o, entidades empresariais poderiam auxiliar grupos e organiza??es culturais a manter o seu trabalho a partir das pol?ticas de patroc?nio, sob interm?dio e controle regimentar do Estado brasileiro na forma de suas Leis de Incentivo ? Cultura. Este marco contribuiu com o fortalecimento das Organiza??es N?o Governamentais e com a consolida??o dessas institui??es como o eixo central da garantia do direito republicano ao acesso ? cultura, mas, a Responsabilidade Social foi quem deu impulso no segmento aqui tratado, atrav?s das a??es de Responsabilidade Cultural oriundo das empresas junto ?s Organiza??es Culturais. Logo, em face deste discurso, este trabalho tem o objetivo de averiguar o processo de incentivo ? cultura no Rio Grande do Norte a partir da An?lise Deviant Case junto ? Casa da Ribeira, Organiza??o Cultural que atua no Munic?pio do Natal, a fim de verificar as rela??es estabelecidas entre a mesma entidade e as institui??es as quais fazem jus ? manuten??o do processo de incentivo tratado neste estudo Empresas, na ?tica do patroc?nio empresarial e da Responsabilidade Cultural, e Estado, na forma das Leis de Incentivo e dos Fundos P?blicos de Incentivo ? Cultura

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarianaS_capa_a_resumo.pdf: 271175 bytes, checksum: 926338aea632e3cbde76e722465b1d6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-10 / Instituto Brasileiro de Petr?leo, G?s e Biocombust?veis / The oil activities in Brazil had been started in an intensive way in the end of the 30 s and in the beginning of the 40 s. Many of the brazilians fields discovered in the past are nowadays in decline. They are called ―mature fields‖. These fields, because of the decline situation that characterizes them, are not interesting for the majors. The majors want the big fields and big productions. On the other hand, they could be interesting for the small and medium enterprises. The mature oil fields are instruments of development, they have oil and the oil production is an activity connected with many social and economics benefits: jobs, taxes, royalties, etc. The Brazilian State, in this context, needs to realize actions to promote the activities in the mature oil fields, especially with the work of the small and mediums enterprises. Many of the onshore brazilian mature fields are located at the Northeast, a region matched by many social and economic problems. The activities in the mature fields of the Northeast Region could solve some of its problems. The present research analyses the mature oil fields and its situations in Brazil, making criticisms and suggestions. The methodology adopted is theoretical and descriptive, with literature review, case law and legislation (Constitui??o Federal de 1988, ―Law of the Oil‖). This research examines the following points: mature fields rounds and its documents, name and definition of the mature fields, definition of small and medium enterprises, environmental aspects, concentration of certain activities of the sector and the royalties / As atividades do petr?leo no pa?s foram iniciadas de forma mais intensa no final dos anos 30 e in?cio dos anos quarenta. Muitos dos campos de petr?leo descobertos no passado hoje se encontram em decl?nio produtivo, s?o os chamados ―campos maduros de petr?leo‖. Estes campos, em decorr?ncia do decl?nio em sua produ??o, n?o se revelam interessantes ?s grandes empresas de petr?leo. Grandes empresas desejam grandes campos e grandes produ??es. Por outro lado, podem os campos maduros se revelar interessantes aos empreendedores de menor porte. Os campos maduros, ainda que em decl?nio, possuem petr?leo e o petr?leo ? recurso energ?tico demasiadamente relevante. A produ??o de petr?leo, mesmo em campos declinantes, ? atividade ligada a in?meros benef?cios sociais e econ?micos: gera empregos direitos e indiretos, promove o recolhimento de tributos, o pagamento de royalties, dentre outros. O Estado brasileiro, neste contexto, necessita realizar a??es que promovam a continua??o da produ??o em campos maduros, especialmente atrav?s do ingresso de empreendedores de menor porte. Muitos dos campos maduros onshore se encontram no Nordeste brasileiro, regi?o marcada por s?rios problemas econ?micos e sociais e por uma intensa desigualdade. As atividades de produ??o de petr?leo nos campos maduros nordestinos podem resolver alguns destes problemas, fato este que ressalta a import?ncia do fomento ? continua??o destas atividades nestes campos. A presente pesquisa, atentando para a relev?ncia do fomento ? continua??o das atividades desenvolvidas nos campos maduros de petr?leo, se debru?a sobre seu estudo e atual realidade, formulando cr?ticas e sugest?es, em especial no que diz respeito ? entrada de empreendedores de menor porte no setor. Para isto, utiliza a metodologia do tipo te?rico-descritiva, com an?lise bibliogr?fica, jurisprudencial e normativa. Neste ?ltimo caso, a Constitui??o Federal de 1988 e a ―Lei do Petr?leo‖ se destacam. S?o aqui especificamente analisadas as licita??es at? hoje efetuadas em torno de ?reas contendo campos maduros de petr?leo, seus editais e contratos de concess?o. A pesquisa em quest?o ainda se ocupa das seguintes tem?ticas: conceito e denomina??o dos campos de petr?leo com produ??o declinante, necessidade de formula??o de um conceito para a express?o ―empreendedores petrol?feros de menor porte‖, licenciamento ambiental no setor do petr?leo, passivos ambientais atinentes aos campos maduros, concentra??o de determinadas atividades do setor junto ? Petrobras e royalties e necessidade de sua cobran?a em percentual reduzido

Orientador: Cristiano Amaral Garboggini Di Giorgi / Banca: Célia Regina Delácio Fernandes / Banca: Renata Junqueira de Souza / Resumo: A biblioteca escolar é um espaço de grande potencial para o desenvolvimento de atividades relacionadas à leitura, o que contribui para despertar a criatividade e o senso crítico do aluno, sendo, portanto, um instrumento fundamental no processo de aprendizagem. Falar de biblioteca é falar de pesquisa, busca de informação, ampliação de conhecimentos e, consequentemente, leitura. A leitura é considerada um processo de elaboração e verificação de hipóteses que levam à construção de uma interpretação. É justamente neste processo de leitura, descoberta e transformação da informação em conhecimento, que a biblioteca escolar surge como espaço rico em recursos e possibilidades. A presente pesquisa está vinculada à linha de pesquisa "Políticas Públicas, Organização Escolar e Formação de Professores" da Unesp - Univ. Estadual Paulista e é financiada pela CAPES. Tem como objetivo principal investigar se as políticas públicas de incentivo à leitura, especificamente o PNBE (Programa Nacional Biblioteca da Escola), têm contribuído com o acesso à leitura; a formação de leitores; a dinamização da biblioteca escolar. Esta pesquisa possui um caráter qualitativo, pois envolve um contato direto entre o pesquisador e o objeto de estudo, desta forma, optei por realizar o estudo de caso em uma escola da rede municipal de Presidente Prudente/SP. Inicialmente foi feito um... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The school library is an area of great potential to the development of activities related to reading, which helps to awaken creativity and critical sense of the student, and is therefore a key tool in the learning process. Say about library is say about research, finding information, expansion of knowledge and, consequently, reading. Reading is considered a process of elaboration and verification hypotheses that lead to the construction of an interpretation. It is precisely this process of reading, discovery and transformation of information into knowledge that the school library appears as a space rich in resources and possibilities. This research is linked to the research line "Public Policy, School Organization and Teacher Formation" by UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, and is funded by CAPES agency. Aims to investigate whether public policies to encourage reading, specifically PNBE (National School Library Program) have contributed to the read access, the reader formation, the dynamization of the school library. This research has a qualitative character, since it involves direct contact between the researcher and the object of study, so I choose to make the case study in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre