Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-30T17:14:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Adriana Dantas.pdf: 1061643 bytes, checksum: c9f4e44e704a40bb84982513a4e16150 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora Lopes(silopes@ufba.br) on 2013-06-11T17:52:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Adriana Dantas.pdf: 1061643 bytes, checksum: c9f4e44e704a40bb84982513a4e16150 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-11T17:52:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Adriana Dantas.pdf: 1061643 bytes, checksum: c9f4e44e704a40bb84982513a4e16150 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Tendo identificado a pouca freqüência dos alunos surdos usuários da língua de sinais nas escolas regulares municipais da cidade de Salvador, o presente trabalho objetivou refletir sobre os fatores que têm influenciado a permanência ou ausência dos alunos surdos com esse perfil comunicativo nas referidas escolas. Para tanto, percorreu três caminhos metodológicos: identificou as instituições educacionais públicas e privadas sem fins lucrativos de atendimento às crianças surdas no período da educação infantil ao ensino fundamental I existentes na cidade de Salvador; entrevistou os profissionais da educação e familiares responsáveis pelos alunos surdos incluídos em tais instituições e analisou as informações construídas durante as entrevistas à luz de duas categorias de análise (aspectos pedagógicos da educação do surdo e opinião dos sujeitos sobre a política inclusiva). As visitas e entrevistas realizadas permitiram conhecer a realidade das instituições que oferecem atendimento educacional ao surdo. Tais espaços vivenciam situações diferentes, tanto com relação ao perfil dos alunos surdos atendidos, quanto com relação à dinâmica dos serviços oferecidos. Apesar do pouco número de alunos surdos usuários da língua de sinais encontrados nas escolas regulares, foi observada a presença de outro perfil de aluno. O principal perfil comunicativo dos alunos surdos incluídos nas escolas regulares refere-se a aquele grupo de sujeitos que conseguem se utilizar da fala para se comunicar. Em contrapartida, encontramos uma volumosa quantidade de crianças surdas usuárias da língua de sinais nas escolas de surdos. Questionados sobre esse fato, ao expressarem suas opiniões, os sujeitos da pesquisa apontaram o despreparo das escolas regulares como o principal fator determinante dessa realidade. Refletindo sobre as informações construídas durante a pesquisa, foram levantados possíveis fatores influenciadores da permanência ou ausência dos alunos surdos usuários da língua de sinais nas escolas regulares municipais. A crença da família de que o ambiente da escola de surdos impossibilitará o aprendizado da língua oral pelo surdo; o desejo da família de ver os surdos estudando com os ouvintes e a proximidade das escolas regulares das residências dos alunos surdos, foram fatores identificados como influenciadores da permanência desses alunos nas escolas regulares. Contudo, a ausência de uma língua comum entre o aluno surdo, o professor e seus colegas; o desconhecimento da escola sobre as particularidades educacionais do surdo e a recusa de algumas escolas regulares de matricularem esses alunos, têm sido os principais fatores determinantes da ausência dos alunos surdos usuários da língua de sinais nas escolas regulares. Nesse sentido, concluímos que a atual política educacional inclusiva, no âmbito da educação do surdo, precisa passar por profundas mudanças. A pouca frequência dos alunos surdos usuários da língua de sinais nas escolas regulares não se deve, apenas, ao despreparo das escolas, mas, principalmente, à inexistência de uma Política Inclusiva voltada à educação dessa população. / Salvador

Despite recent rhetoric advocating the diversification of the teacher workforce, teachers in Canada continue to be disproportionately white and of northern European heritage. By investigating responses to difference experienced by racial and linguistic minority immigrant teacher candidates in an initial teacher education program, this thesis sheds light on dynamics that challenge or support the induction of minoritized individuals as members of the teaching profession in Canada. Data collected through interviews with eight immigrant teacher candidates, four instructors, and five student support staff of an initial teacher education program at an urban Canadian university (UCU) indicated that teacher candidates at UCU experienced varied responses to difference. Influences of both hegemony and collaboration were found in the university and practice teaching contexts where individuals representing regimes of competence enacted challenging assimilationist or supportive multiculturalist ideologies. In practice teaching contexts, although all of the teacher candidates engaged with at least one collaborative mentor teacher and they all persisted to complete the program, six of the eight teacher candidates (i.e., all of the linguistic minority teacher candidates in this study) encountered a challenging and significantly discouraging relationship with a mentor teacher. In these hegemonic contexts the legitimacy of the teacher candidates appeared to be measured against a conception of “real teachers” as “real Canadians” who are native English-speakers and who are familiar with the culture of schooling in Canada. Within the university context, student support staff were consistent in their critical awareness of the challenges and supports experienced by teacher candidates while instructors demonstrated a range of familiarity with these issues and with concepts of equity as they relate to the experiences of teacher candidates. Implications of this study support the following: continuation of programs offered through student support services; educative collaborative implementation of UCU’s equity policy to promote greater consistency in its influence; application of inclusive pedagogy; greater curricular emphasis on social power and constructions of difference; recognition of immigrant teachers’ linguistic capital; development of a collaborative method to evaluate teacher candidates in practice teaching contexts; and continued effort to advance a more profound and consistent influence of multiculturalist ideology in Canadian schools.

Despite recent rhetoric advocating the diversification of the teacher workforce, teachers in Canada continue to be disproportionately white and of northern European heritage. By investigating responses to difference experienced by racial and linguistic minority immigrant teacher candidates in an initial teacher education program, this thesis sheds light on dynamics that challenge or support the induction of minoritized individuals as members of the teaching profession in Canada. Data collected through interviews with eight immigrant teacher candidates, four instructors, and five student support staff of an initial teacher education program at an urban Canadian university (UCU) indicated that teacher candidates at UCU experienced varied responses to difference. Influences of both hegemony and collaboration were found in the university and practice teaching contexts where individuals representing regimes of competence enacted challenging assimilationist or supportive multiculturalist ideologies. In practice teaching contexts, although all of the teacher candidates engaged with at least one collaborative mentor teacher and they all persisted to complete the program, six of the eight teacher candidates (i.e., all of the linguistic minority teacher candidates in this study) encountered a challenging and significantly discouraging relationship with a mentor teacher. In these hegemonic contexts the legitimacy of the teacher candidates appeared to be measured against a conception of “real teachers” as “real Canadians” who are native English-speakers and who are familiar with the culture of schooling in Canada. Within the university context, student support staff were consistent in their critical awareness of the challenges and supports experienced by teacher candidates while instructors demonstrated a range of familiarity with these issues and with concepts of equity as they relate to the experiences of teacher candidates. Implications of this study support the following: continuation of programs offered through student support services; educative collaborative implementation of UCU’s equity policy to promote greater consistency in its influence; application of inclusive pedagogy; greater curricular emphasis on social power and constructions of difference; recognition of immigrant teachers’ linguistic capital; development of a collaborative method to evaluate teacher candidates in practice teaching contexts; and continued effort to advance a more profound and consistent influence of multiculturalist ideology in Canadian schools.

Unstable residential and inadequate academic environments lead to poor educational outcomes for low-income students in urban areas. In 2011, Ohio enacted a law to create a college preparatory boarding school (CPBS) for low-income students by 2013. However, Ohio's CPBS has not yet been established, thereby denying these students an opportunity to attain skills needed to enter college. Using the policy feedback theory (PFT) and Fredrickson's theory of social equity (SET) as foundations, the purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the nature of implementation barriers and propose solutions by exploring 2 successful CPBS programs in Maryland and Washington, D.C. The research questions focused on identifying implementation practices from the successful CPBS programs with the aim to propose options to implement Ohio's law. Data were collected from a purposeful sample of 14 participants which included 2 Ohio legislators; public administrators, Ohio (7), Maryland (1), Washington, D.C (3); and 1 Ohio union leader, and a review of relevant public and official records. All data were deductively coded and subjected to a constant comparison analysis. Results showed that Ohio's public education administrators were excluded from the CPBS policy's design, unlike their peers. Further, Ohio's CPBS law favored a particular stakeholder involved in its design and was not executed when Ohio's education administrators and the entity disagreed over public assets ownership. The findings affirmed SET's condition for an open and inclusive policy process and PFT's claim that current policies affect resources and the paradigm for new policies. Positive social change implications from this study include recommendations to Ohio's policymakers to create a more inclusive process involving parties willing to provide an effective learning environment for economically marginalized children.

The inclusion of deaf students in regular schools has been the object of political effort, at least regarding the enactment of laws and decrees (Law 10.436; Decree 5.626, among others). However, the pedagogical reality does not follow what is required by law. That is because, among other factors, many teachers did not receive communication training in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras). In the light of this situation, the following questions arise: how does communication between teachers and deaf students who both do not dominate Libras occur? How do teachers interpret / perform the Inclusion Laws in relation to deaf students? What are the teachers personal positions regarding (their) training and preparation to attend inclusive education concerning getting ready to work with deaf students? Based on these questions, the present research aims to analyze how the discourses from teachers who have experienced contact with deaf students, without knowing Libras, portray their pedagogical practices and school, family, government and their own social commitments, through the discourses from teachers who are daily with deaf students, in the municipality of Coronel João Sá - BA. The research corpus was consisted of eight statements from teachers who taught deaf students in 2015 without any knowledge of Libras. The descriptive / interpretative methodology (MAGALHÃES, 2001) was used to analyze the discourses of teachers who have worked with deaf people in the two selected schools. The speeches were collected from a semi-structured questionnaire. This research is supported by various theoretical contributions, such as Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2008), Sociological and Communicational Approach to Discourse - ASCD (PEDROSA, 2012), Systemic-Functional Grammar, especially by the processes of the Appraisal System (WHITE, 2005) and the Education of the Deaf (DORZIAT, 2011). The investigation results showed that what is provided in the law regarding the guarantees of deaf people’s rights is not being experienced by the students and the teachers. / A inclusão de alunos com surdez em escolas regulares tem sido objeto de esforço político, pelo menos no que se refere à promulgação de Leis e Decretos (Lei 10.436; Decreto 5.626, entre outros). No entanto, a realidade pedagógica não acompanha o requerido pela legislação. Isso porque, entre outros fatores, muitos professores não receberam formação para comunicação em Língua Brasileira de Sinais. Diante dessa situação, surgem as seguintes indagações: Como ocorre a comunicação entre professores e alunos surdos que não dominam Libras? De que forma os professores interpretam/realizam as Leis de inclusão em relação aos alunos surdos? Quais os posicionamentos pessoais dos professores quanto à (sua) capacitação e preparação para atender à educação inclusiva no tocante à preparação para trabalhar com alunos surdos? Partindo dessas indagações, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar como os discursos dos professores que experienciaram contato com alunos surdos, sem conhecimento da Libras, retratam suas práticas pedagógicas e os compromissos sociais deles, da escola, da família e do governo, através dos discursos dos professores que estão cotidianamente com os alunos surdos, no município de Coronel João Sá-BA. O corpus da pesquisa foi constituído de oito depoimentos de professores que lecionaram a alunos surdos no ano de 2015, sem qualquer conhecimento da Libras. Seguiu-se a metodologia descritiva/interpretativista (MAGALHÃES, 2001) para analisar os discursos dos professores que trabalham ou trabalharam com surdos nas duas escolas selecionadas. Os discursos foram coletados a partir de questionário semiestruturado. A pesquisa tem sustentação nos aportes teóricos da Análise Crítica do Discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2008), por meio da Abordagem Sociológica e Comunicacional do Discurso – ASCD (PEDROSA, 2012), da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, especificamente pelos processos do Sistema da avaliatividade (WHITE, 2005) e da Educação de Surdos (DORZIAT, 2011). Os resultados da investigação apresentaram que aquilo que está previsto nas Leis quanto às garantias dos direitos das pessoas surdas não está sendo vivenciado nem pelos educandos nem pelos professores. / São Cristóvão, SE

The aims of the research were twofold, namely, investigate challenges that hindered the implementation of inclusive education in Ethiopia and develop a framework that can enhance the inclusion of children with disabilities (CwDs). The ecology of human development has served as the theoretical lens underpinning this study to discover challenges that hindered the implementation of inclusive education. These barriers were also investigated from micro, meso, exo, and macro perspectives in the system. With this, I employed qualitative approach under the hegemony of constructivism paradigm. The hermeneutic design of the study enabled me to build knowledge about the barriers that hindered the implementation of inclusive education. Subsequently, using semi-structured interview and focus group discussion as instrument, I listened to experts in education, school supervisors, professionals in SNE and education vice heads. Thereafter, the data analysis went by transcribing the recorded interview verbatim. Then, using the transcribed and chunked data, I mapped the range and nature of phenomena, created typologies and found out associations between themes with a view to provide explanations for the findings. The process of mapping and interpretation was also guided by the original research aims as well as by the themes that have emerged from the data themselves. The participants revealed that the challenges to implement inclusive education ranged from the absence of mandatory national inclusive policy to the low income of the families of CwDs. Therefore, lack of collaboration among stakeholders of education, misconception of inclusive education, shortage of trained teachers, poor allocation of finance, poor school infrastructure and lack of mandatory inclusive policy were the few identified barriers among others. Finally, I have recommended collaborative effort among stakeholders to ensure inclusion of CwDs. / Inclusive Education / D. Phil.

The study sought to investigate educators’ perceptions of the implementation of Inclusive Education in mainstream secondary schools around Polokwane, Limpopo Province of South Africa. The approach to the study was qualitative, guided by an interpretivist paradigm. A purposefully selected sample of 20 teachers from 10 purposively selected mainstream secondary schools in Polokwane participated in this study. Instruments for data collection comprised in-depth interviews, corroborated by non-participant field observations to verify the implementation of Inclusive Education in mainstream secondary schools. Content analysis was employed to analyse the data with the aim of coming up with themes and subthemes. The study revealed that the educators had the passion and willingness to implement Inclusive Education. The educators further perceived Inclusive Education as needful. The implementation of Inclusive Education was perceived as being effective to a lesser extent. The educators perceived the implementation of Inclusive Education as being negatively affected by their inadequate training, school environments which were unfit to accommodate learners with disabilities, the lack of facilities and equipment and higher learner enrolments in mainstream classrooms. Gender was seen to affect the educators’ confidence in handling learners with disabilities and their ability to identify such learners. The study recommends the continued professional development and training of educators in the area of Inclusive Education, regular support and monitoring of Inclusive Education activities in mainstream schools by the DBE, provision of relevant resources and facilities in mainstream schools for the implementation of Inclusive Education, and additional support to educators to enhance their confidence in handling learners with barriers to learning and development. Finally, a model for the improvement of the implementation of Inclusive Education in mainstream schools is proposed. / Inclusive Education / D. Ed. (Inclusive Education)