Este trabalho tem como objetivo a análise dos espaços e suas influências no modo de ser das personagens principais do romance Ensaio sobre a cegueira, de José Saramago. Para tanto, analisaremos as diferentes tipologias espaciais no romance, ou seja, espaços interiores, exteriores, ínferos e labirínticos e sua importância quanto ao desenvolvimento do tema proposto pelo narrador. De início, apresentamos um breve estudo sobre a tipologia espacial e sua importância para o estudo da narrativa; em seguida, analisamos os espaços ínferos na obra tendo como foco o manicômio e a igreja; depois, examinamos os espaços labirínticos das ruas, da cidade e do supermercado; posteriormente, estudamos os espaços horizontais e verticais como as casas de algumas personagens centrais. Além disso, tratamos menipéia como expediente que contribui para a formação da autoconsciência das personagens e revela o hibridismo do texto. / The aim of this work is to present an analysis of the space and its influence over the way of being of the main characters in José Saramago\'s work Ensaio sobre a cegueira. We will analyse the different spatial typology in the novel, it means, interior, exterior, inferior and labyrinthic spaces and their importance to the development of the narrator\'s proposed theme. From the beginning, we present a brief study of the spatial typology and its importance to the study of the narrative; subsequently, we analyse the inferior spaces focusing the institution for mentally ill people and the church; moreover, we analyse the labyrinthic spaces of streets, city and supermarket; later, we study the horizontal and vertical spaces such as the houses of some of the main characters. Besides, we deal with menipeia as something that contributes to the formation of the characters\' self-consciousness and reveals the hybridism of the text.

O presente ensaio trata de um resgate do tema \"imagens da infância e da adolescência em Otto Lara Resende\". Para tanto, no cinqüentenário de seu lançamento, destacamos Boca do inferno, segundo livro da obra do autor mineiro. Composto de sete contos, ele o livro - torna-se nosso substrato para a apreensão da vida de um grupo de crianças e adolescentes marcados pela dor. Nas imagens que se oferecem, intimismo, introspecção, recôndito definem um estilo. No trato da mesma infância, o pacto romântico se quebra. Crianças e adolescentes recebem o mal e estão aptos (alguns deles) a praticá-lo e de modo competente. No menos explícito das cenas, a estrutura familiar em suas falhas se evidencia. O masculino que brutaliza também recebe especial atenção. A voz solidária aos que sofrem oculta-se na ação do narrador. / This essay rescues the theme \"Images of the Childhood and of the Adolescence in Otto Lara Resende\". In order to do that, when we celebrate fifty years after it was published, we draw the attention to Boca do Inferno (Hell\'s mouth), second book of the work of the author from the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Made up of seven short stories, it becomes our basis for the understanding of the life of a group of children and adolescents tainted by pain. In the images that are offered, intimism, instrospection, recondite define a style. In the way the author creates the circumstances of the same childhood, the romantic pact is broken. Children and adolescents receive the evil and are apt (some of them) to practice it in a very competent way. The evidence of the failure of the family structure is implicit in the scenes. The masculine that brutalizes also receives special attention. The voice that is sympathetic to those who suffer is in between the lines of the narrator.

O presente ensaio trata de um resgate do tema \"imagens da infância e da adolescência em Otto Lara Resende\". Para tanto, no cinqüentenário de seu lançamento, destacamos Boca do inferno, segundo livro da obra do autor mineiro. Composto de sete contos, ele o livro - torna-se nosso substrato para a apreensão da vida de um grupo de crianças e adolescentes marcados pela dor. Nas imagens que se oferecem, intimismo, introspecção, recôndito definem um estilo. No trato da mesma infância, o pacto romântico se quebra. Crianças e adolescentes recebem o mal e estão aptos (alguns deles) a praticá-lo e de modo competente. No menos explícito das cenas, a estrutura familiar em suas falhas se evidencia. O masculino que brutaliza também recebe especial atenção. A voz solidária aos que sofrem oculta-se na ação do narrador. / This essay rescues the theme \"Images of the Childhood and of the Adolescence in Otto Lara Resende\". In order to do that, when we celebrate fifty years after it was published, we draw the attention to Boca do Inferno (Hell\'s mouth), second book of the work of the author from the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Made up of seven short stories, it becomes our basis for the understanding of the life of a group of children and adolescents tainted by pain. In the images that are offered, intimism, instrospection, recondite define a style. In the way the author creates the circumstances of the same childhood, the romantic pact is broken. Children and adolescents receive the evil and are apt (some of them) to practice it in a very competent way. The evidence of the failure of the family structure is implicit in the scenes. The masculine that brutalizes also receives special attention. The voice that is sympathetic to those who suffer is in between the lines of the narrator.

[pt] Investigação de como se configura a representação do imaginário nacional na literatura contemporânea a partir da saga Inferno provisório, de Luiz Ruffato, publicada em cinco volumes pela editora Record. Num tempo em que a narrativa da nação se faz ficção desnecessária, por ser fruto de contingências históricas já ultrapassadas, o autor resiste à estandardização cultural desencadeada pelo processo de globalização, sem cair no anacronismo da representação essencialista, totalizante e homogênea da nação. Quando os conceitos de razão, ciência e história linear são postos em xeque, o autor constrói através da fragmentação uma representação ao mesmo tempo crítica e afetiva de um Brasil fora da ordem e do progresso. / [en] Investigation of the representation of the national imaginary in the contemporary literature departing from the saga Provisional hell, Inferno Provisório, by Luiz Ruffalo published in five volumes by the publishing house Record . In a time when the narrative of the nation seems to be unnecessary fiction, since it results from outdated historical contingencies, the author resists the cultural standardization triggered by the process of glabalization, without incurring in the anachronism of the essentialist, totalizing and homogenic representation of the nation. When the concepts of reason, cience, and linear history are at stake, the author builds, through fragmentation, a representation that is both critical and affective, from a Brazil that is alien to order and progress.

Cormac McCarthy's The Road and Dante's the Inferno contain textual and thematic comparisons. While the Inferno creates a world that exhibits the worst fears of the medieval Catholic subconscious of Dante's time, The Road paints a world of the darkest fears of the current American subconscious. Both texts reflect a critical dystopia that speculates on human spirituality and offers a critique of society through a tour of sin and suffering in a desolate setting.

This essay explores the intertextual qualities in and between Kristian Lundberg’s works Yarden, Mörkret skulle vara som ljuset and Och allt skall vara kärlek. Read as a trilogy, it bears a thematic resemblance to Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy; an autofictional depiction of emancipation from alienation by grace. To reach this conclusion, I use Julia Kristeva’s theory of intertextuality and Roland Barthes’ post-structuralist differention of Work and Text together with his notion of the Paper-Author. Through a kaleidoscopic reading of the two trilogies, Dante and Kristian become pilgrims in the word’s true, etymological sense: foreigners, both religious and materialistic. As such, they walk the spiritual and material world making no distinction between the two towards a love whose essential nature is twofold: at once human and divine.

DEZIDÉRIO, Felipe Hélio da Silva. Paraíso e inferno: releituras do imaginário medieval em A Dama Pé-de-cabra. 2013. 114f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras, Fortaleza (CE), 2013. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-05-17T17:19:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_di_fhsdesidério.pdf: 596342 bytes, checksum: 37d571bbc36b5b307b3665eceeacebdd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-05-18T12:19:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_di_fhsdesidério.pdf: 596342 bytes, checksum: 37d571bbc36b5b307b3665eceeacebdd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-18T12:19:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_di_fhsdesidério.pdf: 596342 bytes, checksum: 37d571bbc36b5b307b3665eceeacebdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / This dissertation has as investigative goal the work of interpretation of medieval sources done by Alexander Herculano while composing “The Lady with the Cloven Hoof”. It is seen that the narrative recovers part of the medieval imaginary present in the genealogical text. As result of trying to recreate the medieval way of noticing reality, the settings and characters of the narrative simbolize and mark a conception of medieval world, ilustrated sometimes by the presence of supernatural phenomena through the story. Therefore, it is the interest of this dissertation to point out which measurement of the author’s romantic perspective alters or retakes the medieval meanings that imply the narrative’s structure. Eventually, another investigated point through this work will be the way that the dualism of medieval thought between the sacred and the profane, center and periphery, countryside and city, male and female are retrivied and structure character’s behavior from the narrative. The events of fantastic marvelous character present in the story would be a result of the confrontation between these opposite pairs. Part of this duel occurs in desolated or wild settings that coincide with the manifestation of supernatural phenomena in some moments; fact that allows pondering a probable relation between wild settings and the occurrence of fantastic marvelous events in the plot. The analysis of these narrative elements will be sustained by the perspective of the mentality and of the imaginary, terms coined and developed through the 60s by the participants of History of Mentalities, which features names such as Jacques Le Goff and Georges Duby. The concepts of this historical trend allow aproximations to Literature, as a way that the elements ordered in the virtuality of the literary text and its intern relations are investigated inside of a subtle web of representations that allow retrieving and interpreting part of the meanings of implied sources to the literary work, such as setting, time, characters and the way how these structures relate in the narrative’s plot. / A presente dissertação tem por objeto de investigação o trabalho de interpretação das fontes medievais realizado por Alexandre Herculano na composição de “A Dama Pé-de-cabra”, visto que a narrativa recupera parte do imaginário medieval presente no texto genealógico. Como resultado da tentativa de recriação do modo medieval de se perceber a realidade, os espaços e personagens da narrativa simbolizam e marcam uma concepção de mundo medieval, ilustrada, por vezes, pela presença do sobrenatural ao longo da história. É de interesse desta dissertação, portanto, apontar em que medida a perspectiva romântica do autor altera ou retoma os significados medievais que subjazem à estrutura da narrativa. Por fim, outro ponto investigado ao longo desta dissertação será o modo como o dualismo do pensamento medieval entre o sagrado e o profano, centro e periferia, campo e cidade, masculino e feminino são recuperados e estruturam o comportamento das personagens da narrativa. Os eventos de caráter maravilhoso presentes na história seriam uma resultante do enfrentamento entre esses pares opostos. Parte desse duelo ocorre em espaços ermos ou silvestres que coincidem com as manifestações do sobrenatural em algumas cenas; fato que permite cogitar uma provável relação existente entre espaços selvagens e a ocorrência de eventos maravilhosos no enredo. As análises desses elementos narrativos serão amparadas pela perspectiva da mentalidade e do imaginário, termos cunhados e desenvolvidos ao longo da década de 60 pelos participantes da História das Mentalidades, da qual se destacam os nomes de Jacques Le Goff e Georges Duby. Os conceitos dessa vertente histórica permitem aproximações com a Literatura, de modo que os elementos dispostos na virtualidade do texto literário e suas relações internas são investigados dentro de uma rede sutil de representações que permitem recuperar e interpretar parte dos significados das fontes subjacentes ao trabalho literário, tais quais espaço, tempo e personagens e o modo como essas estruturas se relacionam no enredo da narrativa.

As a cultural staple, the Christian faith has been a defining characteristic of the United States for generations. Religion has moved from the spiritual and become integral to many parts of this society’s social gatherings, artistic outlets, and even businesses. Often rooting itself in conservative values and interpretations of The Bible, Evangelicalism’s beliefs regarding damnation and hell contradicts its sola scriptura theological view. Yet, with The Bible’s near silence on hellish matters when looked at as a whole, the human need to have these gaps filled allowed for literary portrayals of hell and explanations of damnation to become part of this subsect of Christianity. Lining sermons with bits and pieces of Faustus’s lost soul, a new tradition was born. Filling churches with paintings of unique layers of hell from Dante’s Inferno, this tradition took on new life. This thesis analyzes how Evangelicalism has bypassed The Bible in favor of Doctor Faustusand Inferno as well as how Christianity in the United States influences literature and biblical interpretations.

This work aims to study to homonymous works, From Hell, the graphic novel by Alan Moore and Eddie Campbell and the film adaptation directed by Albert and Allen Hughes, so as to develop a media study as well as plot and script analysis, Based on the Media Studies, focusing the theories of Cluver, Moser, Genette and Diniz, among others, we intend to approximate the distance between the corpora in the tension caused their autonomy. Therefore, the analysis seeks to understand the idiosyncrasies of each art s composition and, by the distance between each work, to apprehend their singularities given by the authors. To approach the composition, authors such as Eisner, Cagnin, Barthes and Eisenstein gave support to understand the functioning of both the film and the graphic novel. To analyze and organize the plots, the theory of Barthes guided once again the understanding of the compounding elements of the story like main and complementary events, character description and atmosphere. In addition to this there is also the symbol study, essential to From Hell study, based on Brenda Mallon s reflections. Finally, the understanding of the film and the graphic novel is done by means of two themes gender and sex , followed by Hell aiming to measure the range of each work. Therefore, when we follow the trajectory of the smaller parts up to the main event, we build the understanding of the whole corpus, comparing the synchrony of each work and their form and content. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo confrontar duas obras homônimas, Do inferno, sendo uma o romance gráfico de Alan Moore e Eddie Campbell e a adaptação dos diretores Albert e Allen Hughes, feita com base na primeira obra, a fim de desenvolver um estudo de media e de enredo. Com base nos estudos de intermidialidade, arrolando as teorias de Claus Clüver, Walter Moser, Gerard Genette e Thais Flores Diniz, entre outros, pretende-se relativizar a distância que há entre as partes do corpus na tensão provocada pela autonomia contra a ligação que elas mantém. Portanto, a análise busca através das proximidades entre ambos entender as idiossincrasias da composição de cada arte e, através dos distanciamentos, apreender as singularidades das obras atribuídas pelos autores. Para abordar a composição, autores como Will Eisner, Luis Antonio Cagnin, Roland Barthes e Sergei Eisenstein deram suporte para compreender o funcionamento tanto filme quanto da história em quadrinhos. Já para adentrar e organizar os enredos, a sistematização de Roland Barthes mais uma vez guiou a compreensão dos elementos constitutivos da história, como eventos principais e complementares, caracterização dos personagens e atmosfera da ação. Somada a essa parte, há ainda o estudo da simbologia, fundamental para a leitura de Do inferno pautado nas reflexões de Brenda Mallon. Em última instância, a compreensão do filme e do romance gráfico é realizada por duas grandes temáticas Gênero e Sexo seguida por Inferno com o intuito de depreender o âmbito ou o tom de cada obra. Por conseguinte, ao percorrer a trajetória das menores partes até a esfera geral, constrói-se a compreensão minuciosa do corpus, comparando a articulação que cada obra faz entre sua forma e seu conteúdo. / Mestre em Teoria Literária

This essay investigates the characteristics of Robert Langdon and his female helpers in Dan Brown’s novels Angels and Demons, The Da Vinci Code, The Lost symbol and Inferno.  In each of these novels, the quests are always solved by a male-female team. This essay is therefore going to focus on the character of Robert Langdon and his female helpers with the perspective of the Monomyth by Joseph Campbell. The protagonist Robert Langdon is a Harvard University professor specialised in religious iconology and symbology, but in these four novels he is thrown into breath-taking adventures with dangerous situations, however, with the help of several females he always manages to survive. The aim of this essay is to show how Langdon and his female helpers have the characteristics of a contemporary hero and helper, with the perspective of Campbell’s the Monomyth. Keywords: Character Analysis, Robert Langdon, Hero, Female Helper, the Monomyth, Angels and Demons, The Da Vinci Code, The Lost Symbol, Inferno.