Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal analisar os neologismos da área da Informática, especialmente os estrangeirismos, por meio de um corpus constituído por uma publicação de grande circulação, especializada nessa área. A partir da análise dos processos de formação de termos, verificamos os processos vernáculos mais utilizados e o emprego de estrangeirismos de origem inglesa. Retomamos algumas polêmicas quanto às políticas linguísticas e à discussão da influência do estrangeirismo. Agrupamos por processos de formação os termos selecionados por um programa extrator de neologismos. Reconhecemos 745 neologismos, em quinze edições da revista analisada, correspondentes ao período de janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2008, sendo que 46,31% são constituídos de estrangeirismos; os 42,97% restantes correspondem à derivação, às siglas e às formações acronímicas. Nosso estudo demonstrou que a área da Informática é fortemente influenciada por uma cultura externa representada pelo estrangeirismo de língua inglesa, sendo que os termos não apresentaram nenhum tipo de marca especial dentro da publicação, como aspas ou itálico, nem explicações entre parênteses quanto ao seu significado. São usados como se já pertencessem ao universo léxico do português brasileiro, passíveis de sofrerem adaptações dentro dos padrões da língua portuguesa, como qualquer outro termo vernáculo. / This dissertation has as main objective to analyze the neologisms of the area of the Computer science, especially the foreign expressions, by means of a corpus constituted by a publication of great circulation, specialized in that area. Starting from the analysis of the processes of formation of terms, we verified the used vernacular processes, and the employment of foreign expressions of English origin. We retaked some polemics with relationship to the linguistic politics and the discussion of the influence of the foreign expression. We get process of formation into groups the terms selected in a program Extractor of Neologisms. We recognized 745 neologisms, in fifteen editions of the analyzed magazine, what corresponds to the period of January of 2007 to December of 2008, and 46,31% are constituted of foreign expressions; 42,97% correspond to the derivation and to the acronyms. Our study demonstrated that the area of Computer science is influenced strongly by an external culture represented by the English-speaking foreign expression, in which the terms didn\'t present any type of special graph inside of the publication, as quotation marks or italics, nor explanations among parentheses with relationship to its meaning. They are used as if they already belonged to the Brazilian Portuguese\'s lexical universe, and it´s possible of suffering adaptations inside of the patterns of the Portuguese language, as any other vernacular term.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal analisar os neologismos da área da Informática, especialmente os estrangeirismos, por meio de um corpus constituído por uma publicação de grande circulação, especializada nessa área. A partir da análise dos processos de formação de termos, verificamos os processos vernáculos mais utilizados e o emprego de estrangeirismos de origem inglesa. Retomamos algumas polêmicas quanto às políticas linguísticas e à discussão da influência do estrangeirismo. Agrupamos por processos de formação os termos selecionados por um programa extrator de neologismos. Reconhecemos 745 neologismos, em quinze edições da revista analisada, correspondentes ao período de janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2008, sendo que 46,31% são constituídos de estrangeirismos; os 42,97% restantes correspondem à derivação, às siglas e às formações acronímicas. Nosso estudo demonstrou que a área da Informática é fortemente influenciada por uma cultura externa representada pelo estrangeirismo de língua inglesa, sendo que os termos não apresentaram nenhum tipo de marca especial dentro da publicação, como aspas ou itálico, nem explicações entre parênteses quanto ao seu significado. São usados como se já pertencessem ao universo léxico do português brasileiro, passíveis de sofrerem adaptações dentro dos padrões da língua portuguesa, como qualquer outro termo vernáculo. / This dissertation has as main objective to analyze the neologisms of the area of the Computer science, especially the foreign expressions, by means of a corpus constituted by a publication of great circulation, specialized in that area. Starting from the analysis of the processes of formation of terms, we verified the used vernacular processes, and the employment of foreign expressions of English origin. We retaked some polemics with relationship to the linguistic politics and the discussion of the influence of the foreign expression. We get process of formation into groups the terms selected in a program Extractor of Neologisms. We recognized 745 neologisms, in fifteen editions of the analyzed magazine, what corresponds to the period of January of 2007 to December of 2008, and 46,31% are constituted of foreign expressions; 42,97% correspond to the derivation and to the acronyms. Our study demonstrated that the area of Computer science is influenced strongly by an external culture represented by the English-speaking foreign expression, in which the terms didn\'t present any type of special graph inside of the publication, as quotation marks or italics, nor explanations among parentheses with relationship to its meaning. They are used as if they already belonged to the Brazilian Portuguese\'s lexical universe, and it´s possible of suffering adaptations inside of the patterns of the Portuguese language, as any other vernacular term.

Šio bakalauro darbo tikslas - realizuoti tiesioginės paieškos metodą (lyderio ir pasekėjo uždaviniui). Šiam tikslui pasiekti buvo nagrinėjama tiesioginio paieškos metodo (lyderio ir pasekėjo uždaviniui) matematinė formuluotė ir algoritmas pateikti Dali Zhang ir Gui-Hua Lin darbe„Dviejų lygių tiesioginės paieškos metodas lyderio – pasekėjo uždaviniui ir taikymams“ (angl. „Bilevel Direct Search Method for Leader – Follower Equilibrium Problems and Applications“). Darbo metu buvo sukurta programa, realizuojanti metodą, metodas pritaikytas oligopolinės rinkos modeliui (deterministiniam, nedeterministiniam, stochastiniam) spręsti, taip pat metodas pritaikytas oligopolinės rinkos modeliui, kai algoritmo parametrai generuojami atsitiktinai. / The purpose of this bachelor work – to realize the Direct Search Method (for Leader - Follower problem). To achieve this aim was analyzed the mathematical formulation of direct search method and algorithm that were submitted at paper of Dali Zhang and Gui-Hua Lin „Bilevel Direct Search Method for Leader – Follower Equilibrium Problems and Applications“. During this work was developed a program for realizing the method. The method was adapted for oligopolistic market model (deterministic, non-deterministic, stochastic), also, method was adapted for oligopolistic market model, when the parameters of algorithm are generated randomly.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a widely recognized tool usedto evaluate environmental impacts of a product or process, based on environmental inventory database, and supply chain information. Although significant progress has been made on the development of LCA methodology and growth of LCA applications, there areissues to be addressed. As the number of LCA related publication increases rapidly it becomes challenging to gain a comprehensive understanding on the state-of-the-art: only a small number of review papers have been published and they tend to narrowly focus on a particular field or application while literature search is largely done manually. In addition, almost all LCA software tools are still using the legacy desktop application which have steep learning curve, unfriendly user interface, and complicated installation and maintenance requirements. Moreover, life cycle inventory databases, which serve as the data foundation of LCA, are designed and managed as a centralized structure with slow updates and low spatial and temporal resolution i.e., not supply chain specific. The development of informatics techniques opens up numerous opportunities to address these issues. This dissertation reports one of the first effort on applying informatics techniques i.e., automatic content analysis (ACA), web-based application, and blockchain to modernize LCA. <div><br></div><div>For the first time, ACA is applied on LCA related research to comprehend the big picture and get a better overview regarding the focus and evolution of LCA related research. The results show that while the field changed overtime, the most interested environmental category remained to be carbon emissions. However, the result also shows that whilecomputer science has evolved considerably, modern informatic techniques have only had a scattered impact on LCA. To overcome the limitation of current LCA software, an idea of developing a web-based application to benefit LCA implementation is proposed, especially for a certain type of industry with complex and hierarchical bills of materials. In cooperation with International Electronics Manufacturing Initiative (iNEMI), a web-based application is developed named Eco-impact Estimator (EiE). EiE is capable of performing quick and straightforward eco-impact estimation, especially for information and communication technology (ICT)products, with more than 50 users currently. To further optimize LCA, decentralized structure might be necessary. A new method is needed that can automatically back track supply chain along with material flow, with robust data availability and privacy. A blockchain-based LCA (BC-LCA) is proposed to solve this problem, with a framework built up, a detailed mechanism discussed, and a case study provided based on a practical industrial supply chain. Result shows that BC-LCA could improve data availability by providing increased data privacy and timeliness with the application of blockchain. Furthermore, the more nodes from a supply chain that join in BC-LCA, the better it could get.<br></div><div><br></div><div>With the help of informatic techniques, LCA can be improved significantly, including generating a more quantitative research overview, developing a more user-friendly LCA web-based application for ICT product manufacturing, and providing a LCA framework with more data availability, data privacy and data timeliness. Though it is still necessary to estimate the budget for such implication, which e is left as future work, trialing on interdisciplinary solutions may bring a new possibility to classic LCA.<br></div>

Pour mieux saisir les liens complexes entre génotype et phénotype, une méthode utilisée consiste à étudier les relations entre différents éléments biologiques (entre les protéines, entre les métabolites...). Celles-ci forment ce qui est appelé un réseau biologique, que l'on représente algorithmiquement par un graphe. Nous nous intéressons principalement dans cette thèse au problème de la recherche d'un motif (multi-ensemble de couleurs) dans un graphe coloré, représentant un réseau biologique. De tels motifs correspondent généralement à un ensemble d'éléments conservés au cours de l'évolution et participant à une même fonction biologique. Nous continuons l'étude algorithmique de ce problème et de ses variantes (qui admettent plus de souplesse biologique), en distinguant les instances difficiles algorithmiquement et en étudiant différentes possibilités pour contourner cette difficulté (complexité paramétrée, réduction d'instance, approximation...). Nous proposons également un greffon intégré au logiciel Cytoscape pour résoudre efficacement ce problème, que nous testons sur des données réelles.Nous nous intéressons également à différents problèmes de génomique comparative. La démarche scientifique adoptée reste la même: depuis une formalisation d'un problème biologique, déterminer ses instances difficiles algorithmiquement et proposer des solutions pour contourner cette difficulté (ou prouver que de telles solutions sont impossibles à trouver sous des hypothèses fortes) / To investigate the complex links between genotype and phenotype, one can study the relations between different biological entities. It forms a biological network, represented by a graph. In this thesis, we are interested in the occurrence of a motif (a multi-set of colors) in a vertex-colored graph, representing a biological network. Such motifs usually correspond to a set of elements realizing a same function, and which may have been evolutionarily preserved. We follow the algorithmic study of this problem, by establishing hard instances and studying possibilities to cope with the hardness (parameterized complexity, preprocessing, approximation...). We also develop a plugin for Cytoscape, in order to solve efficiently this problem and to test it on real data.We are also interested in different problems related to comparative genomics. The scientific method is the same: studying problems arising from biology, specifying the hard instances and giving solutions to cope with the hardness (or proving such solutions are unlikely)

Magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas – sudaryti automobilių stovėjimo aikštelių ir atskirų automobilių stovėjimo vietų informacinę sistemą Vilniaus mieste. Taip pat sudaryti geoinformacinę sistemą, kurią naudojant galima parodyti automobilių aikštelių ir informacinių stendų išsidėstymą tarp atskirų rajono dalių, bei jų tipų ir automobilių aikštelių užimtumą. Magistro darbe analizuojama ir įdiegiama keturių lygmenų informacinė sistema t.y. Vilniaus miesto priemiesčiuose ties įvažiavimais, centrinėje miesto dalyje, gyvenamuosiuose rajonuose ir atskirose automobilių stovėjimo aikštelėse. Panaudojant GIS, sukurta automobilių aikštelių informacinės sistemos duomenų bazė, kuri leidžia lengviau susisteminti duomenis. / The goal of this paper is to create an informational system generalizing information on distribution of car parking in Vilnius. As well as this, to create a geoinformational system which could be used to visually demonstrate distribution of car parking information system between separate parts of Vilnius area and analysis of distribution of their types and car parking busy. In the paper the full analysis and instal car parking four level informational system of the town near entry, of the town centre, living district. Using GIS was created car parking information basis.

Este trabalho estuda os requisitos técnicos e operacionais para que um gestor de um Centro de Educação a Distância (CEAD), em seus estágios iniciais de implantação e estruturação, possa planejar e organizar suas atividades e fundamentar a decisão de seu planejamento estratégico, em particular aquelas relacionadas às diversas equipes multidisciplinares que compõem o setor. Trata-se de um estudo interdisciplinar, que agrega as contribuições das áreas de informática na educação, ensino a distância, educação profissional e tecnológica e gestão da qualidade, a partir de uma visão sistêmica de todos os elementos que constituem a educação a distância. Foi realizada pesquisa exploratória, tomando-se como estudo de caso as atividades de planejamento e implantação de um CEAD, em uma instituição de ensino superior, com vocação consolidada na educação profissional e tecnológica. Utilizou-se o método de Desdobramento da Função Qualidade (QFD) como ferramenta para extrair as demandas de qualidade esperadas dos produtos e serviços ofertados, na visão dos clientes internos - equipes multidisciplinares - do CEAD. / This work studies the technical and operational requirements related to a center of distance education, in its early foundations, in order to improve management and strategic decision, particularly the ones related to the multidisciplinary teams that compose this sector. It is an interdisciplinary study, which aggregate the contribution of informatic in education, distance education, technological and professional education and quality management, for a systemic approach of all elements that constitute the distance education. It is presented an exploratory research, based in case study about activities of planning and implant of CEAD, in a college, acknowledged in technological and professional education. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method was applied to extract products and services quality requirements, through the eyes of internal clients - multidisciplinary teams - of the CEAD.

Este trabalho estuda os requisitos técnicos e operacionais para que um gestor de um Centro de Educação a Distância (CEAD), em seus estágios iniciais de implantação e estruturação, possa planejar e organizar suas atividades e fundamentar a decisão de seu planejamento estratégico, em particular aquelas relacionadas às diversas equipes multidisciplinares que compõem o setor. Trata-se de um estudo interdisciplinar, que agrega as contribuições das áreas de informática na educação, ensino a distância, educação profissional e tecnológica e gestão da qualidade, a partir de uma visão sistêmica de todos os elementos que constituem a educação a distância. Foi realizada pesquisa exploratória, tomando-se como estudo de caso as atividades de planejamento e implantação de um CEAD, em uma instituição de ensino superior, com vocação consolidada na educação profissional e tecnológica. Utilizou-se o método de Desdobramento da Função Qualidade (QFD) como ferramenta para extrair as demandas de qualidade esperadas dos produtos e serviços ofertados, na visão dos clientes internos - equipes multidisciplinares - do CEAD. / This work studies the technical and operational requirements related to a center of distance education, in its early foundations, in order to improve management and strategic decision, particularly the ones related to the multidisciplinary teams that compose this sector. It is an interdisciplinary study, which aggregate the contribution of informatic in education, distance education, technological and professional education and quality management, for a systemic approach of all elements that constitute the distance education. It is presented an exploratory research, based in case study about activities of planning and implant of CEAD, in a college, acknowledged in technological and professional education. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method was applied to extract products and services quality requirements, through the eyes of internal clients - multidisciplinary teams - of the CEAD.

Este trabalho estuda os requisitos técnicos e operacionais para que um gestor de um Centro de Educação a Distância (CEAD), em seus estágios iniciais de implantação e estruturação, possa planejar e organizar suas atividades e fundamentar a decisão de seu planejamento estratégico, em particular aquelas relacionadas às diversas equipes multidisciplinares que compõem o setor. Trata-se de um estudo interdisciplinar, que agrega as contribuições das áreas de informática na educação, ensino a distância, educação profissional e tecnológica e gestão da qualidade, a partir de uma visão sistêmica de todos os elementos que constituem a educação a distância. Foi realizada pesquisa exploratória, tomando-se como estudo de caso as atividades de planejamento e implantação de um CEAD, em uma instituição de ensino superior, com vocação consolidada na educação profissional e tecnológica. Utilizou-se o método de Desdobramento da Função Qualidade (QFD) como ferramenta para extrair as demandas de qualidade esperadas dos produtos e serviços ofertados, na visão dos clientes internos - equipes multidisciplinares - do CEAD. / This work studies the technical and operational requirements related to a center of distance education, in its early foundations, in order to improve management and strategic decision, particularly the ones related to the multidisciplinary teams that compose this sector. It is an interdisciplinary study, which aggregate the contribution of informatic in education, distance education, technological and professional education and quality management, for a systemic approach of all elements that constitute the distance education. It is presented an exploratory research, based in case study about activities of planning and implant of CEAD, in a college, acknowledged in technological and professional education. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method was applied to extract products and services quality requirements, through the eyes of internal clients - multidisciplinary teams - of the CEAD.

This study corresponds to realise and analysis of the a school practice investigatory, problematic-dialogistic and challenger, which studies how the free-informatic culture can give power to the changes in the educational practices of the school community. By the Educational Action-Research and the Problematic-Dialogistic Education procedures, we built some didactic materials to mediate the school practice with the free software Kalango Linux, initialized by the cd-rom. In the same perspective as the actual government politics, we implemented in the free technological platform a technological and scientific alphabet teaching process. By this way, it was possible to introduce the free-informatic culture to the university community to process them conscious of the free access to information, expression, and broadcasting of the technological scientific knowledge, affording a social and educational inclusion. / Este estudo corresponde à realização e analise de uma prática escolar investigativa, dialógico-problematizadora e desafiadora, onde se estuda como a cultura informática livre pode potencializar mudanças na prática educativa da comunidade escolar. Por meio da Investigação-Ação Educacional e da Educação Dialógico-Problematizadora, construímos material didático para mediar a prática escolar com o software livre Kalango Linux, inicializável pelo cdrom. Na mesma perspectiva das atuais políticas públicas, implementamos um processo de alfabetização científico-tecnológica na plataforma tecnológica livre. Desta forma, introduz-se a cultura informática livre no processo de conscientização da comunidade universitária sobre a liberdade de acesso à informação, expressão e disseminação do conhecimento científicotecnológico, propiciando a inclusão sócio-educativa.