Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielARO_DISSERT.pdf: 1143900 bytes, checksum: 8256306f625e33c9e6ce65bec903d081 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / The transformations economical, cultural and social that happen in world ambit they are associated to the intense progress and expansion of new technologies, forcing governments, people, companies and nations to the introduction of new patterns of behavior, forcing, in that way, to the continuous renewal of products and technological processes to maintain the competitiveness, so much among nations, as in the managerial world. In that matter, the technological innovation is recognized as basic factor of maintainable economical competitiveness, being the responsible for the breaking and/or improvement of the techniques and production processes, what presupposes the systematization varied institutional arrangements that they involve firms, interaction nets among companies, government agencies, universities, research institutes, laboratories of companies and scientists and engineers activities. Those arrangements, to the if they articulate with the educational system, with the industrial and managerial section and, also, with the financial institutions, they take the form that Freeman (1987) it coined of national system of innovation, promoted through public politics of CT&I, which seek to induce and to support innovative initiatives in the companies, as well as to establish demands and to prioritize vocations and regional potentialities. In that context of government support to the technological innovation interferes this study, that it looked for to know the reasons of the fragility innovative in the pharmaceutical industry of State of Par? in Brazil, pointed for PINTEC (2005), starting from the point of view of the businessmen of that section. For such, the qualitative approach was used - with interviews directing semi and the technique of the content analysis. The results of the research pointed that the fragilities innovative of the section links to the ignorance of the government support to the technological innovation on the part of the businessmen of the pharmaceutical industry of State of Par? in Brazil / As transforma??es econ?micas, culturais e sociais que ocorrem em ?mbito mundial est?o associadas ao intenso avan?o e expans?o de novas tecnologias, for?ando governos, pessoas, empresas e na??es ? introdu??o de novos padr?es de comportamento, obrigando, desse modo, ? renova??o cont?nua de produtos e processos tecnol?gicos para manter a competitividade, tanto entre na??es, como no mundo empresarial. Nesse particular, a inova??o tecnol?gica ? reconhecida como fator b?sico de competitividade econ?mica sustent?vel, sendo a respons?vel pelo rompimento e/ou aperfei?oamento das t?cnicas e processos de produ??o, o que pressup?e a sistematiza??o de variados arranjos institucionais que envolvem firmas, redes de intera??o entre empresas, ag?ncias governamentais, universidades, institutos de pesquisa, laborat?rios de empresas e atividades de cientistas e engenheiros. Esses arranjos, ao se articularem com o sistema educacional, com o setor industrial e empresarial e, tamb?m, com as institui??es financeiras, tomam a forma que Freeman (1987) cunhou de sistema nacional de inova??o, promovido por meio de pol?ticas p?blicas de CT&I, as quais visam induzir e apoiar iniciativas inovadoras nas empresas, como tamb?m estabelecer demandas e priorizar voca??es e potencialidades regionais. Nesse contexto de apoio governamental ? inova??o tecnol?gica se insere este estudo, que buscou conhecer as raz?es da fragilidade inovativa na ind?stria farmac?utica paraense, apontada pela PINTEC 2005, a partir do ponto de vista do empresariado desse setor. Para tal, utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa - com entrevistas semi diretivas e a t?cnica da an?lise de conte?do. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que as fragilidades inovativas do setor se relacionam ao desconhecimento do apoio governamental ? inova??o tecnol?gica por parte do empresariado da ind?stria farmac?utica paraense

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-08T23:04:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloVitorSilva_TESE.pdf: 16564605 bytes, checksum: d1310555faa2a858e9c72cbd78a64731 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-11T22:58:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloVitorSilva_TESE.pdf: 16564605 bytes, checksum: d1310555faa2a858e9c72cbd78a64731 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-11T22:58:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloVitorSilva_TESE.pdf: 16564605 bytes, checksum: d1310555faa2a858e9c72cbd78a64731 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-11 / A necessidade constante de novas fontes de energias renov?veis vem promovendo cada vez mais o aumento de investimentos nessa ?rea. Dentre essas fontes, a energia e?lica vem tomando grande destaque. Torna-se importante promover a busca pelo aprimoramento das tecnologias envolvidas nas topologias de aerogeradores, buscando alternativas que aumentem o rendimento obtido, apesar da irregularidade da velocidade do vento. Este trabalho apresenta um novo sistema para controle de velocidade, aqui aplicado em aerogeradores, o Regulador Eletromagn?tico de Frequ?ncia (REF). Um dos dispositivos mais utilizados em algumas topologias s?o as caixas de engrenagens mec?nicas que, al?m de uma vida ?til curta, representam frequentemente, fontes de ru?do e defeitos. O REF dispensa essas caixas de transmiss?o, representando um avan?o tecnol?gico, utilizando para isso uma m?quina de indu??o adaptada, na qual o estator passa a ser m?vel, solid?rio ao eixo da turbina. Na topologia utilizada neste trabalho, o REF tamb?m permite dispensar o uso de conversores eletr?nicos para estabelecer o acoplamento entre o gerador e a rede el?trica, raz?o pela qual tamb?m proporciona a possibilidade de obten??o de gera??o em corrente alternada, com tens?o e frequ?ncia constantes, onde n?o exista a rede el?trica. Respons?vel pelo controle da velocidade mec?nica do gerador, o REF pode ser ?til em outros sistemas de transmiss?o onde o controle de velocidade mec?nica de sa?da seja o objetivo. Al?m disso, por operar atrav?s da combina??o de duas entradas, uma mec?nica e outra el?trica, o REF multiplica as possibilidades de aplica??es por ser apto ao acoplamento sin?rgico entre energias de matrizes diferentes, e, por tais motivos, possibilita que as diversas fontes de energia envolvidas sejam desacopladas da rede, sendo o gerador s?ncrono o respons?vel pela conex?o do sistema com a rede el?trica, simplificando as estrat?gias de controle quanto ? pot?ncia injetada na mesma. Resultados de simula??o e experimentais s?o apresentados no decorrer do trabalho, voltados a um aerogerador, validando a proposta em rela??o a efici?ncia no controle de velocidade do sistema para diferentes condi??es de vento. / The constant necessity for new sources of renewable energy is increasingly promoting the increase of investments in this area. Among other sources, the wind power has been becoming prominent. It is important to promote the search for the improvement of the technologies involved in the topologies of the wind turbines, seeking for alternatives which enhance the gotten performance, despite the irregularity of the wind speed. This study presents a new system for speed control, in this case applied to the wind turbines - the Electromagnetic Frequency Regulator (EFR). One of the most used devices in some topologies is the mechanical gearboxes which, along with a short service life, often represent sources of noise and defects. The EFR does not need these transmission boxes, representing a technological advancement, using for that an adapted induction machine, in which the stator becomes mobile, supportive to the axis of the turbine. In the topology used in this study, the EFR also allows us to leave out the usage of the eletronic converters to establish the coupling between the generator and the electrical grid. It also the reason why it provides the possibility of obtaining the generation in alternating current, with constant voltage and frequency, where there is no electrical grid. Responsable for the mechanical speed control of the generator, the EFR can be useful in other transmission systems in which the mechanical speed control output is the objective. In addition, the EFR operates through the combination of two inputs, a mechanical and other electrical. It multiplies the possibilities of application because it is able to synergistic coupling between different arrays of energy, and, for such reasons, it enables the various sources of energy involved to be uncoupled from the network, being the synchronous generator responsible for the system connection with the electrical grid, simplifying the control strategies on the power injected in it. Experimental and simulation results are presented through this study, about a wind turbine, validating the proposal related to the efficience in the speed control of the system for different wind conditions.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-31T20:39:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IrisUcellaDeMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1627038 bytes, checksum: abacbae1a6fa2f0ce88c897b540dedc4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-03T00:28:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IrisUcellaDeMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1627038 bytes, checksum: abacbae1a6fa2f0ce88c897b540dedc4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-03T00:28:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IrisUcellaDeMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1627038 bytes, checksum: abacbae1a6fa2f0ce88c897b540dedc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-14 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Durante as ?ltimas d?cadas t?m sido demonstrado que existe uma rela??o entre a depress?o maior e a ativa??o do sistema imunol?gico. Nociceptina/orfanina FQ (N/OFQ) ? o ligante natural do receptor acoplado ? prote?na Gi chamado NOP, ambos constituem um sistema pept?dico que est? envolvido na regula??o do humor e de respostas inflamat?rias. Considerando essas a??es, a presente tese teve como objetivo investigar as consequ?ncias do bloqueio da sinaliza??o do receptor NOP nos comportamentos doentio e do tipo depressivo induzidos pela administra??o de lipopolissacar?deo (LPS) em camundongos. A administra??o sist?mica de doses de LPS, que n?o causam sepse, induzem altera??es nos comportamentos de camundongos relacionadas com a atividade das citocinas pr?-inflamat?rias fator de necrose tumoral-? (TNF-?) e interleucinas 6 (IL-6) e 1? (IL- 1 ?). Ap?s 2 a 6 h e 24 h da inje??o intraperitoneal, camundongos tratados com LPS apresentam, respectivamente, o comportamento doentio e o comportamento do tipo depressivo. No presente trabalho, a administra??o de LPS (0,8 mg/kg, ip) induziu sinais de doen?a em camundongos Swiss e CD-1, como perda de peso, redu??o transit?ria da temperatura retal e diminui??o da ingest?o de ra??o e ?gua. Al?m disso, nas 24 h ap?s a inje??o de LPS, essas mesmas linhagens de camundongos mostraram aumento no tempo de imobilidade durante os 6 min que foram submetidos ao teste de suspens?o pela cauda (TSC). O tratamento com nortriptilina (30 mg/kg, ip, 60 minutos antes do TSC) reduziu o tempo de imobilidade dos camundongos controle e tratados com LPS, e foi utilizado como antidepressivo padr?o. A administra??o pr?via ao LPS do antagonista do receptor NOP SB-612111 (10 mg/kg, ip), n?o alterou os comportamento doentio e do tipo depressivo induzidos pelatoxina. No entanto, quando injetado 24 h ap?s o tratamento com LPS, SB-612111 (ip, 30 minutos antes do TSC), como tamb?m o antagonista pept?dico do receptor NOP UFP-101 (10 nmol/2ul, icv, 5 min antes do TSC), inverteram significativamente os efeitos da toxina. O protocolo de indu??o do comportamento do tipo depressivo pela administra??o intraperitoneal de LPS tamb?m foi testado em camundongos nocautes para o receptor NOP (NOP(-/-)) e seus respectivos wild types (NOP(+/+)). O tratamento com LPS provocou altera??es significativas, como a redu??o tempor?ria da temperatura retal nos camundongos NOP(-/-) e perda de peso corporal e redu??o no consumo de ra??o e ?gua em ambos os camundongos NOP(+/+) e NOP(-/-). O consumo de ?gua foi significativamente diferente entre os gen?tipos. A inje??o de LPS induziu altera??es transit?rias nas citocinas pr?-inflamat?rias. Nas 6 horas ap?s o tratamento com LPS, os n?veis s?ricos de TNF-? mostraram-se aumentados significativamente nos camundongos NOP (+/+) e NOP (-/-), j? os n?veis de IL-6 mostraram-se significativamente aumentados apenas no soro dos camundongos NOP (+/+). Nas 24 horas ap?s a inje??o de LPS, os n?veis s?ricos das citocinas pr?-inflamat?rias retornaram ? linha de base. O tratamento com LPS provocou efeitos de tipo depressivo nos camundongos NOP (+/+), mas foi ineficaz nos camundongos NOP (-/-). Os dados obtidos nesta tese mostram que o bloqueio farmacol?gico e gen?tico da sinaliza??o mediada pelo receptor NOP n?o previne os comportamentos doentio e do tipo depressivo induzidos por LPS, no entanto revertem o comportamento do tipo depressivo. Em conclus?o, esses resultados evidenciam o envolvimento do sistema pept?dico N/OFQ - receptor NOP na modula??o dos comportamentos relacionados ao humor e ? ativa??o do sistema imunol?gico. / During the last decades, it has been established that there is a relationship between major depression and activation of immune system. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is the natural ligand of a Gi-protein coupled receptor named NOP, both compose the peptidergic system wich is involved in the regulation of mood states and inflammatory responses. Considering these actions, the present thesis aimed to investigate the consequences of blocking NOP signaling in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sickness and depressive-like behaviors in mice. Systemic administration of LPS doses, that do not cause sepsis in mice, induce changes in their behaviors related with activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and interleukins 6 (IL-6) and 1? (IL-1 ?). At the time points of 2 to 6 h and 24 h after intraperitoneal injection, mice treated with LPS displayed, respectively, sickness and depressive-like behaviors. In the present work the administration of LPS 0.8 mg/kg (ip) significantly induced sickness signs in Swiss and CD-1 mice, such as weight loss, transient reduction in rectal temperature and decrease of food and water intake. Moreover at 24 h after LPS injection these same mice strains displayed significantly increased immobility time on the tail suspension test (TST) when compared with control mice, this alteration was not related with possible locomotion impairments as verified on the open field test. Treatment with Nortriptyline 30 mg/kg (ip, 60 min prior the TST) reduced the immobility time of control and LPS-treated mice and was used as standard antidepressant. The NOP receptor antagonist SB-612111 (10 mg/kg, ip), 30 min prior LPS, did not modify LPS-induced sickness signs and depressive-like behavior. However, when injected 24 h after LPS treatment, SB-612111 (ip, 30 min prior the TST) as well as the peptidergic NOP receptor antagonist UFP-101 (10 nmol/2?L, icv, 5 min prior the TST) significantly reversed the toxin effects. The protocol of LPS-induced depressive-like states was also tested in NOP receptor knockout mice (NOP(-/-)) and their respective wild types (NOP(+/+)). LPS evoked transient rectal temperature reduction in NOP(-/-) mice and loss of body weight, food and water intake reduction in both NOP(+/+) and NOP(-/-) mice. The consumption of water was significantly different due to the genotype. LPS injection induced transient changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines. At 6 h after LPS injection, serum levels of TNF-? were significantly increased in NOP(+/+) and NOP(-/-) mice, as the IL-6 levels were significantly increased just in NOP(+/+) serum. At 24 h after LPS treatment the pro-inflammatory cytokines had returned to the baseline levels in both genotypes. LPS treatment elicited depressive-like effects in NOP(+/+) but not in NOP(-/-) mice. The data obtained during the execution of this doctoral thesis reveal that pharmacological and genetic blockade of NOP signaling does not affect LPS evoked sickness signs while reversing depressive-like behavior. In conclusion, these results highlight the involvement of the peptidergic system N/OFQ - NOP receptor in the modulation of behaviors related to mood and activation of the immune system.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-21T19:57:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FatimaDuarteFreire_TESE.pdf: 3248766 bytes, checksum: 8e2bf08690970bd4823d71ff58b8c29f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-23T17:44:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FatimaDuarteFreire_TESE.pdf: 3248766 bytes, checksum: 8e2bf08690970bd4823d71ff58b8c29f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-23T17:44:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FatimaDuarteFreire_TESE.pdf: 3248766 bytes, checksum: 8e2bf08690970bd4823d71ff58b8c29f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-30 / A infec??o causada pelo Helicobacter pylori tem sido associado a v?rias doen?as g?stricas, inclusive o c?ncer g?strico. Esta bact?ria coloniza a mucosa g?strica de metade da popula??o do mundo, e os tratamentos dispon?veis s?o mal sucedidos em praticamente um em cada cinco pacientes. Pol?meros mucoadesivos, tais como quitosana, s?o usados como sistemas de libera??o g?stricos para uma melhor libera??o do f?rmaco nos locais de atua??o. Neste trabalho, part?culas de quitosana contendo amoxicilina foram obtidas pelo m?todo de coacerva??o/precipita??o visando uma libera??o controlada do f?rmaco no ambiente do est?mago, no intuito de melhorar a efic?cia terap?utica da amoxicilina no tratamento do Helicobacter pylori. A incorpora??o da amoxicilina foi feita utilizando duas t?cnicas diferentes: durante a forma??o das part?culas e por adsor??o das part?culas formadas .As part?culas foram caracterizadas quanto ao tamanho m?dio, potencial zeta, DSC, FTIR, efici?ncia de encapsula??o e libera??o in vitro em HCl 0,1N. As part?culas apresentaram uma efici?ncia de encapsula??o de 83%, tamanho m?dio de part?cula nanom?trica e potencial zeta positivo (20 mV). A amoxicilina encapsulada nas micropart?culas teve libera??o in vitro de apenas 40 % em 120 minutos. / The infection caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is associated with gastroduodenal inflammation can lead to the development of gastritis, gastric or duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer (type 1 carcinogen for stomach cancer). Amoxicillin is used as first-line therapy in the treatment of H. pylori associated to metronidazole or clarithromycin, and a proton pump inhibitor. However, the scheme is not fully effective due to inadequate accumulation of antibiotics in gastric tissue, inadequate efficacy of ecological niche of H. pylori, and other factors. In this context, this study aimed to obtaining and characterization of particulate systems gastrorretentivos chitosan - amoxicillin aiming its use for treatment of H. pylori infections. The particles were obtained by the coacervation method / precipitation using sodium sulfate as precipitating agent and crosslinking and two techniques: addition of amoxicillin during preparation in a single step and the sorption particles prior to amoxycillin prepared by coacervation / precipitation and spray drying. The physicochemical characterization of the particles was performed by SEM, FTIR, DSC, TG and XRD. The in vitro release profile of amoxycillin free and incorporated in the particles was obtained in 0.1 N HCl (pH = 1.2). The particles have higher encapsulation efficiency to 80% spherical shape with interconnected particles or adhered to each other, the nanometric diameter to the systems obtained by coacervation / precipitation and fine for the particles obtained by spray drying. The characterization by FTIR, DSC and XRD showed that the drug was incorporated into the nanoparticles dispersed in the polymeric matrix. Thermal analysis (TG and DSC) indicated that encapsulation provides greater heat stability to the drug. Amoxicillin encapsulated in nanoparticles had slower release compared to free drug. The particles showed release profile with a faster initial stage (burst effect) reaching a maximum at 30 minutes 35% of amoxicillin for the system in 1: 1 ratio relative to the polymer and 80% for the system in the ratio 2: 1. Although simple and provide high encapsulation efficiency of amoxicillin, the process of coacervation, precipitation in one step using sodium sulfate as precipitant / cross-linker must be optimized in order to adjust the release kinetics according to the intended application.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-21T19:57:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 NayaraPereiraSoares_TESE.pdf: 2308575 bytes, checksum: f4c0d7842d74893a5b09526959d9ced3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-23T17:55:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 NayaraPereiraSoares_TESE.pdf: 2308575 bytes, checksum: f4c0d7842d74893a5b09526959d9ced3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-23T17:55:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NayaraPereiraSoares_TESE.pdf: 2308575 bytes, checksum: f4c0d7842d74893a5b09526959d9ced3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-11 / Introdu??o: S?ndrome dos Ov?rios Polic?sticos (SOP), segundo o crit?rio de Rotterdam, est? presente em 6-12% das mulheres em idade reprodutiva, ? caracterizada pelo hiperandrogenismo, resist?ncia ? insulina (RI) e por seu estado inflamat?rio, fatores comumente exacerbados pela presen?a da obesidade e associados com o aumento da genotoxicidade. Alimenta??o saud?vel com implica??o na perda de peso atua restabelecendo as fun??es reprodutivas e metab?licas na SOP, entretanto sua influ?ncia na redu??o da genotoxicidade ? desconhecida. Objetivos: investigar se existem diferen?as entre os marcadores de genotoxicidade e de risco cardiometab?licos em mulheres com SOP e controle, e avaliar a efetividade da interven??o diet?tica nos marcadores de genotoxicidade e de risco cardiometab?licos em mulheres com SOP sobrepeso ou obesas. Metodologia: as participantes tinham faixa et?ria entre 18 e 35 anos. No primeiro estudo transversal foram inclu?das 27 mulheres com diagn?stico de SOP e 20 controles que tiveram seus marcadores antropom?tricos, hormonais, bioqu?micos e inflamat?rios avaliados, al?m da genotoxicidade. O segundo estudo foi um ensaio cl?nico de interven??o diet?tica, com dieta de restri??o cal?rica de 500 Kcal/dia por 12 semanas com 22 mulheres com SOP sobrepeso ou obesas. Dados antropom?tricos, de consumo alimentar, hormonais e bioqu?micos foram avaliados e a genotoxicidade, de ambos os estudos, foi verificada pelo teste do cometa. Resultados: n?o houve diferen?as significativas entre o marcador de genotoxicidade tail intensity (p= 0,18), tail moment (p= 0,76) e tail length ( p=0,109) na SOP quando comparado ao grupo controle. Mulheres com SOP apresentam um pior perfil de risco cardiometab?lico. A interven??o diet?tica reduziu os marcadores genotoxicidade: tail intensity (24,35 ? 5,86 ? pr?-dieta vs. 17,15 ? 5,04 -pos-dieta) e tail moment (20,47 ? 7,85 ? pr?-dieta vs. 14,13 ? 6,29 -p?s-dieta) com p =0,001 para ambos os marcadores. Sem diferen?as no tail length (p=0,07). Provocou tamb?m a perda de peso (3,5%) e redu??o dos marcadores de risco cardiometab?licos, como a RI e o hiperandrogenismo. Conclus?o: mulheres com SOP apresentam pior perfil de risco cardiometab?lico comparado com mulheres controles, entretanto genotoxicidade semelhante. A interven??o diet?tica reduz a genotoxicidade de mulheres com SOP sobrepeso ou obesas, assim como reduz os fatores de risco cardiometab?licos. / Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), present in 6-12% of women of reproductive age, the criterion of Rotterdam, is characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance (IR) and its inflammatory state, exacerbated by obesity and factors associated with the increase in damage DNA. Weight loss, combined with healthy eating, acts restoring the reproductive and metabolic functions in the SOP, though its influence in reducing DNA damage in PCOS are unknown. Aim: To investigate whether there are differences between DNA damage markers and factors of cardiometabolic risk in women with PCOS and control, and evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional intervention in DNA damage markers and cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight and obese women with PCOS. Methods: the study was conducted in two studies and the participants were aged between 18 and 35 years. In the first study, a prospective case-control, were included 27 women diagnosed with PCOS and 20 controls. In the second study, clinical trial of nutritional intervention with 12-week calorie-restricted diet 500Kcal / day. The genotoxicity, DNA damage (intensity tail, tail moment and tail length) was evaluated by the comet assay. Anthropometric data, dietary intake, hormonal, biochemical and inflammatory were evaluated in different studies. Results: there was no significant difference between the DNA damage marker tail intensity (p = 0.18), tail moment (p = 0.76) and tail length (p = 0.109) in PCOS when compared to the control group. Data after nutritional intervention in PCOS women with overweight and obesity showed a decrease in DNA damage markers: tail intensity (24.35 ? 5.86 - pre-diet vs. 17.15 ? 5.04 -Post-diet) and tail moment (20.47 ? 7.85 - pre-diet vs. 14.13 ? 6.29 -post-diet) (p <0.001). Reduction of weight (3.5%) and decreased cardiometabolic markers IR and hyperandrogenism. Conclusion: women with PCOS have a worse cardiometabolic risk profile compared to control however similar genotoxicity identified by DNA damage. Nutritional intervention reduced the genotoxicity of overweight and obese women with PCOS, and reduce the factors of cardiometabolic risk.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SergioRDV_DISSERT.pdf: 3253000 bytes, checksum: 6c4b82388e8ffd681cfbe825099e3577 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-11 / Technological innovation promotes the generation of economic value by creating a new product, process or organizational management model, being classified as dynamic and multidimensional. Government intervention has the role of acting through government grant programs to foster the integration of innovative processes in small companies, due to the high costs and risks of development, strengthening the country`s economy in this phase. The distribution of this grant is determined by criteria, based especially in subjective judgments, which are based on the beliefs and perceptions about the technological opportunities and market actors involved in the process, being very difficult to measure the probability of success of the project under evaluation. This study aims to identify the most relevant selection criteria that must be inserted in grants programs at Rio Grande do Norte executed by Funda??o de Pesquisa do Rio Grande do Norte (FAPERN). Initially, there was a systematization of 18 countries, covering 41 programs in foreign countries and 29 in Brazil. Based on the data collected, we conducted one survey containing four programs of FAPERN (INOVA I, INOVA II , INOVA III and INOVA IV), covering 44 companies and analyzing their responses according to the Likert scale , obtaining the degree of importance given by the respondent to each of the criteria in the questionnaire . As a result, drew up a proposal for new criteria to be used in the next FAPERN?s grants, containing 13 new criteria. It is expected, therefore, to contribute to a better spending of public funds invested in companies subsidized in Brazil / A Inova??o tecnol?gica promove a gera??o de valor econ?mico por meio da inser??o no mercado de um novo produto, processo ou modelo de gest?o organizacional, sendo classificada como: din?mica e multidimensional. A interven??o governamental tem como papel atuar por meio de programas governamentais de subven??o para fomentar a inser??o dos processos inovativos nas pequenas empresas, devido aos custos e elevados riscos de desenvolvimento, fortalecendo a economia do pa?s emergente. A distribui??o desse recurso ? determinada por meio de crit?rios, sobretudo em julgamentos subjetivos, que s?o baseados em cren?as e percep??es quanto ?s oportunidades tecnol?gicas e de mercados dos agentes envolvidos no processo, sendo muito dif?cil de mensurar as probabilidades de sucesso do projeto em avalia??o. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar as pr?ticas do processo de sele??o mais relevantes que devem ser inseridas nas linhas governamentais de fomento ? inova??o a Micro e pequenas empresas de base tecnol?gica da Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Rio Grande do Norte (FAPERN). Para conduzir esta pesquisa, realizou-se uma sistematiza??o referente a 18 pa?ses, abordando um panorama de 41 programas em pa?ses estrangeiros e 29 editais brasileiros. Com base nos dados coletados, conduziu-se uma survey contemplando quatro editais da FAPERN (INOVA I, INOVA II, INOVA III e INOVA IV), 44 empresas, analisando suas respostas por meio da escala de Likert, obtendo o grau de import?ncia dado pelo entrevistado a cada um dos processos/crit?rios presentes no question?rio. Como resultado, elaborou-se uma proposta com os novos processos a serem utilizados nos pr?ximos editais da FAPERN, apresentando 13 itens in?ditos nos editais do RN. Pretende-se, assim, contribuir para uma melhor efici?ncia dos recursos p?blicos aplicados nas empresas subvencionadas brasileiras

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-21T12:35:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KellySivocySampaioTeixeira_TESE.pdf: 2385798 bytes, checksum: ad5dc195f2ccb1f7300d4f04dc565b8f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-23T13:54:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KellySivocySampaioTeixeira_TESE.pdf: 2385798 bytes, checksum: ad5dc195f2ccb1f7300d4f04dc565b8f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-23T13:54:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KellySivocySampaioTeixeira_TESE.pdf: 2385798 bytes, checksum: ad5dc195f2ccb1f7300d4f04dc565b8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-29 / O Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A Organiza??o Mundial de Sa?de (OMS) sugere que o tratamento da tuberculose (TB) seja realizado atrav?s da terapia que consiste na associa??o de quatro f?rmacos: rifampicina, isoniazida, pirazinamida e etambutol. Com isso o tratamento ? melhor aceito tendo uma maior ades?o do paciente ? terapia prescrita. Levando-se em considera??o que a metodologia utilizada para o doseamento de um f?rmaco na presen?a de excipientes e outros f?rmacos ? a cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia (CLAE) que ? sabidamente trabalhosa, de alto custo e destrutiva, foi proposta desse trabalho o desenvolvimento e valida??o de um modelo de calibra??o multivariada em associa??o com a t?cnica de espectroscopia no infravermelho pr?ximo (NIR) para determina??o simult?nea de rifampicina, isoniazida, pirazinamida e etambutol que fosse mais simples, r?pida, de baixo custo, n?o destrutiva e que n?o utilizasse solventes org?nicos, contribuindo assim com o meio ambiente. Sendo, portanto, ferramenta de otimiza??o para o controle de qualidade deste medicamento. Nesse trabalho foi utilizado o m?todo por NIR ? PLS (regress?o de m?nimos quadrados parciais) onde as misturas dos quatro f?rmacos foram realizadas com base no planejamento experimental do tipo composto central elaborado pelo programa Statistica 13 (StatSoft Inc.). Essas misturas foram lidas na faixa de 10.000 a 4.000 cm-1 utilizando um espectrofot?metro Infravermelho (IRPrestige-21 - Shimadzu) com resolu??o de 4 cm-1, 20 varreduras, temperatura e umidade controladas. As an?lises envolvendo CLAE foram realizadas em um cromat?grafo (Hitachi ? Elite Ultra), equipado com coluna C18 (15 cm x 4,6 mm ? ACE-5) e (25 cm x 4,6 mm ? Luna - Phenomenex) e detector UV (matriz de diodo), utilizando o m?todo de refer?ncia descrito na farmacopeia internacional 15? edi??o. Ao final, todos os dados foram tratados por ferramentas computacionais de an?lise multivariada, utilizando PLS atrav?s do programa pirouette 3.11 (Infometrix, Inc.). As sele??es de vari?veis foram realizadas pelo programa QSAR modeling. Foi realizada valida??o cruzada pelo m?todo leave-one-out e estimativa de figuras de m?rito como linearidade, precis?o e exatid?o foram demonstradas nos quatro modelos propostos. Na avalia??o das amostras comerciais pelos modelos de calibra??o multivariada em associa??o com a espectroscopia no infravermelho pr?ximo (NIR) desenvolvidos foram capazes de determinar simultaneamente os quatro f?rmacos, apresentando dados estatisticamente equivalentes aos obtidos por CLAE. / The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that treatment of tuberculosis (TB) should be done through a combination of four drugs: rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. With this the treatment is better accepted having a greater adhesion of the patient to the prescribed therapy. Taking into account that the methodology used for the determination of a drug in the presence of excipients and other drugs is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which is known to be laborious, expensive and destructive. Validation of a multivariate calibration model in association with the near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technique for the simultaneous determination of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol that was simpler, faster, low cost, non destructive and did not use organic solventes, thus contributing to the environment. Therefore, it is an optimization tool for the quality control of this medicine. In this work, the NIR - PLS (partial least squares regression) method was used where the mixtures of the four drugs were performed based on the experimental design of the central composite type elaborated by the program Statistica 13 (StatSoft Inc.). These mixtures were read in the 10,000 to 4,000 cm-1 range using an infrared (IRPrestige-21 - Shimadzu) spectrophotometer with 4 cm-1 resolution, 20 sweeps, controlled temperature and humidity. The analyzes involving HPLC were performed in a chromatograph (Hitachi - Elite Ultra) equipped with a C18 column (15 cm x 4.6 mm - ACE - 5) and (25 cm x 4.6 mm - Luna - Phenomenex) and UV detector (Diode array) using the reference method described in the International Pharmacopoeia 15th Edition. At the end, all data were treated by computational tools of multivariate analysis, using PLS through the program pirouette 3.11 (Infometrix, Inc.). The selections of variables were performed by the QSAR modeling program. Cross-validation was performed by the leave-one-out method and estimation of merit figures such as linearity, precision and accuracy were demonstrated in the four proposed models. In the evaluation of the commercial samples by the multivariate calibration models in association with the near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), they were able to simultaneously determine the four drugs, presenting data statistically equivalent to those obtained by HPLC.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-12-29T18:52:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAraujoDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 9716564 bytes, checksum: 88caa6463776cc29d04cd3e917b9c1e0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-02T21:34:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAraujoDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 9716564 bytes, checksum: 88caa6463776cc29d04cd3e917b9c1e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-02T21:34:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAraujoDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 9716564 bytes, checksum: 88caa6463776cc29d04cd3e917b9c1e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Este estudo conjuga uma abordagem etnofarmacol?gica no ?mbito do uso tradicional das esp?cies como triagem, em associa??o a aspectos filogen?ticos, considerando que h? comprova??es cient?ficas quanto ? composi??o qu?mica e atividades farmacol?gicas em outras esp?cies dentro dos mesmos g?neros. Isto est? associado a avalia??es das atividades antioxidante e hepatoprotetora j? realizado em estudos pr?vios do grupo de pesquisa usando o extrato bruto do Spondias mombin?S. tuberosa e Turnera ulmifolia Linn. var. elegans, que indicaram um efeito terap?utico positivo, al?m da da import?ncia de uma avalia??o toxicol?gica, outras atividades farmacol?gicas e a elucida??o dos compostos majorit?rios presentes nos extratos brutos e fra??es de Licania tomentosa Benth. Fritsch, C. impressa Prance, L. rigida Benth., S. mombim?S. tuberosa e T. ulmifolia Linn. var. elegans. Assim, os extratos das folhas e suas fra??es referentes ?s esp?cies supracitadas foram caracterizados quanto a composi??o qu?mica, atividades farmacol?gicas atrav?s de ensaios in vitro e ex vivo, al?m da avalia??o in vivo de sua toxicidade. A composi??o qu?mica dos extratos brutos e suas fra??es foram avaliadas por um m?todo cromatogr?fico validado e por t?cnicas espectrofotom?tricas, que possibilitam a identifica??o e/ou caracteriza??o de compostos majorit?rios. Esta an?lise indicou que os extratos e suas fra??es s?o uma fonte de compostos fen?licos, principalmente flavon?is e seus glicos?deos, tais como flavon?is-3-O-glicosilados. Em rela??o ? atividade antioxidante, apenas o extrato metan?lico das folhas de S. mombim?S. tuberosa e a FRF apresentaram uma acentuada capacidade de sequestro do radical livre DPPH?, enquanto que FRP foi ?nico capaz de proteger a integridade celular dos eritr?citos ao prevenir a hem?lise, inibindo a lipoperoxida??o l?pica e mantendo os n?veis de GSH. Os outros extratos induziram hem?lise. Este efeito antioxidante est? associado ? composi??o qu?mica presente em todos os extratos e fra??es. A avalia??o da atividade antimicrobiana s? apresentou um moderado efeito bactericida com o extrato de S. mombim?S. tuberosa e a FRF. A avalia??o toxicologica de todos os extratos em modelo murino, utilizando-se a dose ?nica do extrato na concentra??o de 2000 mg/kg, n?o mostrou qualquer efeito t?xico. Portanto, os resultados aqui descritos promovem um conhecimento cient?fico complementar, viabilizando o uso das folhas dessas esp?cies vegetais como recurso terap?utico, permitir o aproveitamento racional das mesmas, e um controle do extrativismo indiscriminado devido a usos medicinais n?o validados cientificamente, c? no Nordeste do Brasil e no mundo. / This study combines one ethnopharmacological approach within the traditional use of species such as screening, in association with phylogenetic aspects, considering the scientific evidences regarding the chemical composition and pharmacological activities in other species within the same genus. This is associated with assessments of antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities already performed in previous studies from the research group using the crude extract of Spondias mombim?S. tuberosa and Turnera ulmifolia Linn. var. elegans, which indicated a positive therapeutic effect, as well as the importance of a toxicological evaluation, other pharmacological activities and the elucidation of the major compounds present in crude extracts and fractions of Licania tomentosa Benth. Fritsch, C. impressa Prance, L. rigida Benth., S. mombim?S. tuberosa and Turnera ulmifolia Linn. var. elegans. Thus, leaf extracts and their fractions relating to the above mentioned species were characterized for chemical composition, pharmacological activities by in vitro and ex vivo assays, as well as the in vivo evaluation of toxicity. The chemical composition of crude extracts and fractions were evaluated by a validated chromatographic procedure and spectrometric techniques, which enabled the identification and/or characterization of compound majority. This analysis pointed that extracts and their fractions are a source of phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids and their glycosides such as flavonls-3-O-glicosilates. In the leaf extract of S. mombim?S. tuberosa and its rich in flavonoids fraction, called FRF, was isolated and characterized rutin as major compound of this species. Regarding the antioxidant activity, only the methanol S. mombim?S. tuberosa leaf extract and its FRF showed a marked DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, while FRP was only one able to protect the erythrocyte integrity by preventing its hemolysis by inhibiting lipid lipoperoxidation and maintaining the GSH levels. The other extracts induced hemolysis. This antioxidant effect is associated to chemical composition in all extracts and fractions. The antimicrobial activity assessment showed just a moderate bactericidal effect in the presence of the S. mombim?S. tuberosa extract and its FRP. The toxicological assessment of all extracts in a murine model, using a single dose of the extract at a concentration of 2000 mg / kg, showed no toxic effect. Therefore, the results described herein promote a complementary scientific knowledge, enabling the use of these plant species leaves as a therapeutic resource, allowing the rational use of the same, and control the indiscriminate extraction due to medical uses no scientifically validated, here in Northeastern Brazil and worldwide.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-17T19:34:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SaidGoncalvesDaCruzFonseca_TESE.pdf: 3943199 bytes, checksum: b6604feae27ec3db3b6955b193bae174 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-18T00:21:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SaidGoncalvesDaCruzFonseca_TESE.pdf: 3943199 bytes, checksum: b6604feae27ec3db3b6955b193bae174 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-18T00:21:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SaidGoncalvesDaCruzFonseca_TESE.pdf: 3943199 bytes, checksum: b6604feae27ec3db3b6955b193bae174 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-07 / A disponibilidade de formula??o pedi?trica para tratamento de tuberculose ? uma realidade para os pa?ses da ?sia e da ?frica, mas ainda n?o ocorre em outros pa?ses que apresentam consider?vel incid?ncia dessa enfermidade. Considerando a situa??o da necessidade global por medicamentos para uso em pediatria e especificamente por este tipo de produto para o tratamento da tuberculose, cuja associa??o de ativos representa um grande desafio, esse trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de formula??es orais contendo rifampicina, isoniazida e pirazinamida em dose fixa combinada para uso em pediatria. Iniciouse com a caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica dos insumos ativos (identifica??o por IV, UV e CLAE, determina??o do teor por CLAE e UV, densidade aparente e ?ngulo de repouso). Em seguida foi realizada a avalia??o da compatibilidade t?rmica dos insumos ativos com diferentes excipientes (DSC e TG); o desenvolvimento de ve?culo voltado para o emprego como carreador de f?rmacos para uso oral em pediatria com o m?nimo de componentes, em baixas concentra??es, selecionando-os dentre os insumos considerados seguros para crian?as (avaliando viscosidade, pH, palatabilidade, estabilidade f?sica e microbiol?gica). Foi desenvolvida e validada metodologia anal?tica espectrofotom?trica para uso no doseamento e perfil de dissolu??o concomitante dos tr?s f?rmacos nos produtos desenvolvidos, al?m de estudos de pr?-formula??o atrav?s da densidade aparente e ?ngulo de repouso dos f?rmacos isolados e das suas misturas com aerosil, granula??o com diferentes pol?meros e seu efeito na libera??o da rifampicina, estabilidade da rifampicina em fun??o do pH, revestimento e microencapsula??o da rifampicina com quitosana, at? finalmente o desenvolvimento das formula??es s?lidas orais sob a forma de p? para reconstitui??o e comprimido dispers?vel contendo dose fixa combinada dos f?rmacos supra-citados. Foram avaliados a viscosidade, pH, teor dos f?rmacos e estabilidade das prepara??es reconstitu?das, bem como peso m?dio, dureza, tempo de desintegra??o, perfil de dissolu??o e friabilidade dos comprimidos. O m?todo de Ozawa foi empregado em estudos cin?ticos de DSC para estimar o fator de frequ?ncia, a energia de ativa??o e a ordem das rea??es que levam ? degrada??o das formas farmac?uticas s?lidas. As duas formas farmac?uticas s?lidas quando dispersas em ?gua, resultaram em suspens?o pseudo-pl?stica f?cil de ser manuseada, medida e administrada, e que podem ser utilizadas por at? 12 horas ap?s a reconstitui??o. / The availability of pediatric formulation for treating tuberculosis is a reality for the countries of Asia and Africa, but not in other countries that have considerable incidence of this disease. Considering the situation of the global need for medicines for pediatric use and specifically for this type of product for the treatment of tuberculosis, whose drugs association represents a major challenge, this study aimed to develop oral formulations containing rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide in fixed-dose combination for pediatric use. It began with the physico-chemical characterization of active ingredients (identification by IR, UV and HPLC, determination of content by HPLC and UV, bulk density and angle of repose). It then carried the evaluation of thermal compatibility of active ingredients with different excipients (DSC and TG); the vehicle development for use as a carrier of oral drugs in children with minimal components, at low concentrations, selecting them from the inputs considered safe for children (evaluating viscosity, pH, palatability, physical and microbiological stability). It was developed and validated spectrophotometric analytical methodology for use in the assay and dissolution profile of three drugs in the developed products, in addition to pre-formulation studies by apparent density and angle of repose of the individual drugs and their mixtures with aerosil, granulation with different polymers and their effect on the release of rifampicin, rifampicin stability in function of pH, coating and microencapsulation of rifampicin with chitosan, and finally the development of solid oral formulations in the form of powder for reconstitution and dispersible tablet containing a fixed-dose combination of rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide. We evaluated the viscosity, pH, content of drug and stability of the reconstituted preparations, as well as average weight, hardness, disintegration time, dissolution profile and friability of the tablets. The Ozawa method was used for DSC studies kinetic to estimate the frequency factor, the activation energy and the order of reactions that lead to degradation of solid dosage forms. The two solid dosage forms when dispersed in water, resulting in pseudo-plastic suspension easy to be handled, measured and administered, and can be used for up to 12 hours after reconstitution.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:36:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Paulo Melhado 1.pdf: 1151086 bytes, checksum: 59e50a893f8b1494865193871de36696 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-19 / This study investigates the protection and dissemination of technological innovation. Patent concession, technology transfer and secrecy are characterized as instruments of power and are analyzed in terms of the role they play in the Brazilian innovation system. At the present time, the growing economic importance associated with information and knowledge basically attached to the innovation technology by concepts given by Science Information framework is widely acknowledged by those who have power over their production and use, and, consequently, determine which social segments are to have access to innovation. National security and defense-related issues are equally relevant when deciding what must be protected or disseminated. The absorption or dissemination of relevant scientific information and innovation technology may be studied from the standpoint of political and economic alternatives related to the faculty of denying access to knowledge foundations. The methodology applied was based on an analysis of the instruments of power legal support and the ways of denial of acess given by the bibliographic survey. It might conclude that the legal adjustment of these instruments aimed at the intermediation of technology and technology learning and protection is necessary. / O presente estudo trata da prote??o e da dissemina??o da inova??o tecnol?gica com base na concess?o de patentes, na transfer?ncia de tecnologia e no segredo como instrumentos de poder para, em seguida, analis?-los ? luz de seu papel nos sistemas de inova??o, no caso brasileiro. Na atualidade, a crescente import?ncia econ?mica atribu?da ? informa??o e ao conhecimento, elementos essencialmente vinculados ? inova??o tecnol?gica por meio das ferramentas conceituais da Ci?ncia da Informa??o, ? plenamente reconhecida por aqueles que det?m o poder sobre a sua produ??o e uso, de forma a determinar condi??es de acesso ao resultado do esfor?o de inova??o para o restante da sociedade. Quest?es de seguran?a e defesa nacional s?o igualmente relevantes na tomada de decis?o sobre o que deve ser protegido ou disseminado. A absor??o ou a difus?o das informa??es de interesse da ci?ncia, tecnologia e inova??o, enfim, podem ser estudadas sob o foco de alternativas pol?ticas e econ?micas que dizem respeito ? faculdade de negar o acesso ao conhecimento. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada baseou-se na an?lise do contexto legal dos citados instrumentos, relacionando-os a modos de nega??o de acesso identificados no levantamento bibliogr?fico. Tal aplica??o permitiu concluir pela adequa??o legal desses instrumentos a necessidades urgentes de intermedia??o tecnol?gica, aprendizado tecnol?gico e prote??o da informa??o relacionada ? inova??o.