This master thesis was performed at the business area of Aeronautics at Saab AB in collaboration with Linköping University during the spring of 2015. In a complex product development environment, having knowledge about different processes is advantageous for efficiency. Model Based Definition (MBD) is a product development process where a 3D-model is the main source of information and the same 3D-model is applied all the way from design to production. In assembly, the operator follows work instructions where the 3D-model, and its requirements, is visualized. The model is always updated to the latest version and no 2D-drawings are needed. Saab applied MBD during the development of the new generation of the fighter aircraft JAS 39 Gripen. This change, from previously 2D to 3D, has caused that both internal and external people have minor knowledge about the new developing process of MBD. The purpose of the thesis was to develop a demonstrator acting as an educational environment to share knowledge about the MBD-process and the 3D work instructions. New methods and processes could be tested and evaluated in the demonstrator before implementing into the real product development process. By following and developing an interdependent and iterative product development process, this work has visualized the MBD-process. Designing and developing a demonstrator, using the same tools as in the real product development process, accomplished this. This thesis has developed a demonstrator that includes the main components of a physical model with corresponding 3D work instructions and a conceptual layout. A physical Lego model of Gripen provides a flexible and interesting way of sharing knowledge to the user who interacts with the demonstrator. The 3D work instructions were created in a way so that the user can assemble and interact with the same expressions and terms in order to get an understanding about how they are used. The educational aspect is important where simplifications and additional notes to the instructions help to get a better understanding. Depending on who the user is, different levels of preparations are needed. The recognition factor is important to a user with experience of MBD; it needs to be able to understand how different terms and requirements are used in the development process. The future work is about setting up the demonstrator and conduct usability tests to evaluate, modify and implement more details. Using a demonstrator in this purpose can be helpful for evaluating different techniques, methods or systems and reduce the errors in the product development process. It can also encourage people to a new enjoyable way of learning.

The Institute for Scientific Information's (ISI) citation databases have been used for decades as a starting point and often as the only tools for locating citations and/or conducting citation analyses. ISI databases (or Web of Science [WoS]), however, may no longer be sufficient because new databases and tools that allow citation searching are now available. Using citations to the work of 25 library and information science faculty members as a case study, this paper examines the effects of using Scopus and Google Scholar (GS) on the citation counts and rankings of scholars as measured by WoS. Overall, more than 10,000 citing and purportedly citing documents were examined. Results show that Scopus significantly alters the relative ranking of those scholars that appear in the middle of the rankings and that GS stands out in its coverage of conference proceedings as well as international, non-English language journals. The use of Scopus and GS, in addition to WoS, helps reveal a more accurate and comprehensive picture of the scholarly impact of authors. WoS data took about 100 hours of collecting and processing time, Scopus consumed 200 hours, and GS a grueling 3,000 hours.

This is an ALISE juried paper presented on Thursday, January 13, 2005 in Session 5.3, LIS Course Content & Instructional Issues (Juried Papers), of the 2005 ALISE Conference, Boston, MA. The goal of this study was to gain an understanding of the literature used in generalist search education in LIS programs.

Reports results of a study to explore how well six popular Web search engines performed in retrieving specific electronic finding aids mounted on the World Wide Web. A random sample of online finding aids was selected and then searched using AltaVista, Excite, Fast Search, Google, Hotbot and Northern Light, employing both word and phrase searching. As of February 2000, approximately 8 percent of repositories listed at the 'Repositories of Primary Resources' Web site had mounted at least four full finding aids on the Web. The most striking finding of this study was the importance of using phrase searches whenever possible, rather than word searches. Also of significance was the fact that if a finding aid were to be found using any search engine, it was generally found in the first ten or twenty items at most. The study identifies the best performers among the six chosen search engines. Combinations of search engines often produced much better results than did the search engines individually, evidence that there may be little overlap among the top hits provided by individual engines.

Darbo tikslas: Ištirti darbuotojų požiūrį į darbo kokybę VšĮ Varėnos ligoninėje. Uždaviniai: 1. Ištirti darbuotojų požiūrį į paslaugų kokybę ligoninėje. 2. Įvertinti medicinos personalo požiūrį į kokybės sistemą ligoninėje. 3. Įvertinti darbuotojų požiūrį į kokybės sistemos dokumentus. Tyrimo metodika: 2007.11.05 – 2007.11.20 laikotarpiu VšĮ Varėnos ligoninėje bu¬vo atliekama anoniminė anketinė darbuotojų apklau¬sa. Buvo išdalinta 254 anketos, atsakė – 205 respondentai (atsakas – 80,7 proc.). Rezultatų statistinė analizė atlikta SPSS 13.0 versijos programiniu paketu ir MS Excel. Rezultatai: Kokybės sistemos diegime dalyvauja šiek tiek daugiau kaip pusė (57,7 proc.) darbuotojų; aktyviausi tyrimo dalyviai yra gydytojai (81,1 proc.) ir slaugytojos (71,9 proc.). Dauguma (85,1 proc.) darbuotojų mano, kad kokybės sistema didžiausią naudą duoda patiems darbuotojams. Darbuotojų nuomone darbo instrukcijos, metodikų supratimas ir naudojimasis jomis tiesioginiame darbe yra naudingi. 44,0 proc. respondentų mano, kad kokybės sistemos diegime dalyvauja gerai vykdydami jiems patikėtas dokumentuotas procedūras. Pagrindinė darbuotojų pasyvumo priežastis, diegiant jų skyriuje kokybės sistemą, yra motyvacijos (3,89 balo) ir paskatinimo iš vadovų (4,60 balo) (p<0,05) trūkumas. Išvados: Medicinos personalo nuomone ligoninėje kokybės vadybos sistema nėra įdiegta. Darbuotojų aktyvumas diegiant kokybės vadybos sistemą yra vidutinis. Paskatinimo iš vadovų trūkumas yra esminė darbuotojų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study: Examine the attitudes of the employees to work quality in the Varėna Hospital. Objectives: 1. Examine attitude of staff to the quality of services in the hospital. 2.Evaluate attitude medical staff’s of to wards the quality system in the hospital. 3. Evaluate attitude of staff of to wards the quality system’s documents. Methodics of the research: Anonymous questionnaire survey of employees was carried out in the Varėna Hospital during the period of 2007.11.05 – 2007.11.20. 254 questionnaires were distributed and 205 respondents have answered (response – 80,7 %). Statistic analysis of the results was performed using SPSS 13.0 version of programme pack and MS Excel. Results: Half of all employees (57.7 %) took part in the implementation of the quality system; the most active participants of the research are doctors (81.1 %) and tenders (71.9 %). The majority of respondents (85.1 %) believe that employees themselves benefit most from the quality system. Work instructions of the department, understanding of methodologies and their usage in direct work are very beneficial. 44 % of respondents believe that they participate in implementation of the quality system by performing to them assigned documented procedures well. The main reason of employees’ passiveness in implementing a quality system in their department was a lack of motivation (3.89 points) and encouragement (4.60 points) from the managers (p<0,05). Conclusions: Medical staff suggested that the... [to full text]

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects on speech acoustics of a wide variety of speaking instructions that have been used across different studies on clear speech, and to investigate the acoustic and articulatory changes that occur in response to these instructions and in different talking environments. Five young adult females were recorded speaking under different instructions meant to elicit more intelligible speech, and measures of speaking rate, speaking F0 and intensity were found to distinguish instructions to speak "as if to someone with hearing loss" from instructions to speak "clearly" or "slowly", which produced different results from instructions to speak "loudly" or as if in noise. Preliminary acoustic and articulatory data are described for a sixth talker who spoke under a subset of these instructions, and in both a quiet and a noisy talking environment.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects on speech acoustics of a wide variety of speaking instructions that have been used across different studies on clear speech, and to investigate the acoustic and articulatory changes that occur in response to these instructions and in different talking environments. Five young adult females were recorded speaking under different instructions meant to elicit more intelligible speech, and measures of speaking rate, speaking F0 and intensity were found to distinguish instructions to speak "as if to someone with hearing loss" from instructions to speak "clearly" or "slowly", which produced different results from instructions to speak "loudly" or as if in noise. Preliminary acoustic and articulatory data are described for a sixth talker who spoke under a subset of these instructions, and in both a quiet and a noisy talking environment.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) on a spoken persuasive discourse task and to evaluate the affects of eliciting this language sample. Ten adults with TBI (mean age = 51 years and 5 months) and ten adults matched by age and gender completed two spoken language tasks. These tasks required them to verbally provide their opinion of whether trained animals in circuses should be allowed to perform for the public and also whether public transport should be encouraged for everyone to use. One of the tasks was provided with examples for and against the topic within the instructions whereas the other task instructions provided no examples. The presentation of these tasks was alternated within the groups so as not to assist with task practice. Language measures included productivity (total number of words, mean length of T-units, T-units per minute and percentage of T-units with mazes) and complexity (total number of clauses, clause density and clause type). Pragmatic measures included the essential features of argument as identified in the developmental literature (number of claims, reasons, elaborations, repetitions, irrelevancies, and presence of an introduction and conclusion). The TBI group out-performed their age-matched peers on language complexity measures of total number of clauses and independent clauses used, however used significantly more adverbial clauses. On comparison of the elicitation technique, the instructions with examples elicited a significantly greater number of reasons than that of the basic instructions. The results are discussed alongside current literature in the field of discourse production and persuasion. Implications for clinical practice and future directions for research in this area are also suggested.

This report is the result of a thesis carried out at the Department of Innovation, Design and Technology (IDT), at Mälardalen University on behalf of ABB AB Machines.The year was 1988 when ASEA and Brown Boveri formed a joint venture under the name ABB (Asea Brown Boveri).We perform our thesis at the division Discrete Automation and Motion where they primarily develops, manufactures and sells synchronous and asynchronous AC motors and generators.The main purpose of this thesis was initially to write a general packaging instruction, but the priority changed to develop more specific packaging instructions for Rotors, Stator gables, Bearing support and Outer Cover (plates) instead.The work started off to deal with a problem about that the staff had to start its work to grind away rust on the stator gables due to those stored outdoors. The result was mainly an investment in a new gable rack so that the material can be stored inside, as well as a packing instruction as it was originally intended.The problem on the bearing supports were that the staff thought it was demanding and difficult to clean them from the rustproofing they were greased in. If it is not possible to remove all rust protection it can cause the paint to not attach properly. After having compared with similar articles a test were done to order a pair of bearing supports without corrosion inhibitor, which gave good results. This initiative also set in motion a process to do the same for more different items.For special pallet, a survey were made of the process with two different VSM and a calculation of how much ABB would earn at ordering more special pallets than getting the material delivered on the A-pallets. As a result, the recommendations to ABB where to purchase five special pallets to have a good moving flow.In the current situation rotors are delivered to ABB in three different ways, by three different suppliers. The current status were reviewed of those three suppliers and talking to the staff to choose which way that was best and then write a packing instruction accordingly to that. / Denna rapport är resultatet av ett examensarbete utfört vid Institutionen för Innovation, Design och Teknik, (IDT), vid Mälardalens högskola på uppdrag av ABB AB Machines.Året var 1988 då ASEA och Brown Boveri bildade ett gemensamt företag under namnet ABB (Asea Brown Boveri).Examensarbetet utfördes på divisionen Disctrete Automation and Motion där de främst utvecklar, tillverkar och säljer synkrona och asynkrona växelströms- motorer och generatorer.Huvudsyftet med detta examensarbete var från början att skriva en generell emballageinstruktion, men prioriteringen ändrades till att ta fram mer specifika emballage instruktioner för Rotorer, Statorgavlar, Lagerstöd och Yttre kåpa (plåtar) istället.Arbetet började med att ta itu med ett problem om att personalen fick börja sitt arbete med att slipa bort rost på statorgavlarna pga. att dem förvaras utomhus. Resultatet blev främst en investering i ett nytt gavelställ så att materialet kan förvaras inomhus samt en emballageinstruktion som det var tänkt från början.Problemet angående lagerstöden var att personalen tyckte att det var krävande och svårt med rengöringen från rostskyddet lagerstöden var insmorda i. Om allt rostskydd inte går att få bort kan det leda till att målarfärgen inte fäster ordentligt. Efter att ha jämfört med liknande artiklar gjordes ett test att beställa ett lagerstöds par utan rostskyddsmedel, vilket gav ett bra resultat. Detta initiativ satte även igång en process för inköparna att göra samma sak för fler olika artiklar.För specialpallen gjordes en kartläggning av processen med två olika VSM samt att en beräkning gjordes på hur mycket ABB skulle tjäna på att beställa fler specialpallar än att få plåtdetaljerna levererade på A-pallar. Resultatet blev att vi rekommenderar ABB att köpa in 5 specialpallar till för att ha ett bra rullande flöde.I dagsläget levereras rotorer till ABB på tre olika sätt från tre olika leverantörer. Nuläget analyserades för dem tre leverantörerna för att sedan i samspråk med personalen välja vilket sätt som var bäst och skriva en emballageinstruktion utifrån det.

Making an application user-friendly is a key goal when it comes to the experience it intends to deliver. There are numerous factors that have to be taken into account when a design is developed. One of those is simplicity. The application has to be simple enough to ensure the expected user experience. This is often solved by applying instructions. To what extent does the application have to mediate instructions of functionality to the user? That question is the underlying purpose of this thesis. The thesis studies three common ways of presenting instructions to arrive at a concluding result: the use of a popup window, an added information button to the design or relying on the design to present itself. The gathered results show a need for instructions to ensure a user-friendly environment. A further analysis of the results concludes that presenting instructions using an information button is the most prominent option.