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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
191

Mot arbetslivet -  en studie om samverkan mellan Arbetsförmedlingen och gymnasiesärskolornas studie- och yrkesvägledare

Bengtsson, Mari January 2014 (has links)
The number of students who finished special upper secondary school for pupils with intellectual disabilities without an employment has drastically decreased over the last decades. The purpose of this paper is to increase the knowledge of how career counselors at special upper secondary schools collaborate with the Employment Service, and how the special upper secondary school prepares their pupils for working life. The collection of data started with a national questionnaire survey which was directed to career counselors at schools. The result shows that the collaboration appears foremost in the pupils last year in special upper secondary school, and that the special upper secondary schools do not use the Employment Service's assistance to any great extent. In addition, the collaborative process consists of both inhibiting and promoting factors. The results also indicates that the collaboration between the special upper secondary schools and the local labor market can be developed more for the pupils to gain experience from working life.
192

The effectiveness of different methods of employment for people with intellectual disabilities

Kober, Ralph Oliver January 2006 (has links)
[Truncated abstract] Background Performance measurement in the not-for-profit sector is extremely important in terms of measuring the efficiency and effectiveness of organisations in achieving their goals. Performance indicators assist management in strategic decision making and fulfilling their accountability obligations for the best use of limited resources to funders, purchasers, consumers, and other stakeholder groups. Aim This thesis seeks to further the research into performance measurement in the notfor- profit sector by evaluating the effectiveness of different methods of employment (open employment and supported employment) for people with intellectual disabilities. The disability employment sector is selected as the sector in which to undertake this research, as there are hundreds of disability employment agencies across Australia, which either support people with intellectual disabilities in supported employment or place them into open employment; each of whom contracts directly with the Australian Commonwealth Government for the services they must provide in order to receive funding. Method The Eggleton (1991) performance measurement framework is used to justify the measurement of the effectiveness of the different methods of employment based on the job satisfaction and quality of life of individuals participating in each method of employment. Job satisfaction is measured using a refined version of the Barlow and Kirby (1991) job satisfaction questionnaire, while quality of life is measured using both a refined version of the Schalock and Keith (1993) quality of life questionnaire, and the original questionnaire. One hundred and seventeen people with intellectual disabilities, who were employed in either supported employment or open employment, are interviewed. Statistical analyses are conducted on the entire sample, and also on various sub-samples that control for differences between participants in open employment and supported employment in terms of the type of occupation performed, living environment, and functional work ability.
193

Gestos de alunos com deficiência intelectual reveladores de escrita: um estudo na escola

Costa, Daiane Santil 13 September 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Daiane Santil (daisantil@gmail.com) on 2018-01-02T18:16:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Doutourado-DAIANE SANTIL COSTA.pdf: 2407317 bytes, checksum: edb3fd798762081a8d2985c0d22559fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2018-01-08T13:16:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Doutourado-DAIANE SANTIL COSTA.pdf: 2407317 bytes, checksum: edb3fd798762081a8d2985c0d22559fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-08T13:16:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Doutourado-DAIANE SANTIL COSTA.pdf: 2407317 bytes, checksum: edb3fd798762081a8d2985c0d22559fb (MD5) / CAPES- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Na interlocução com o outro, os movimentos gestuais podem complementar a fala, servem para dar pistas sobre como as pessoas estão pensando, esclarecer ou até mesmo, recuperar alguma informação ainda não encontrada na expressão oral. Por entender que os gestos e a escrita pedem interlocutores, sugerem olhares atentos e solicitam possíveis diálogos sobre a aprendizagem que se dá no interior da escola, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar a função dos gestos como manifestação simbólica de alunos com deficiência intelectual na aprendizagem da língua escrita, a partir das interações que são estabelecidas em sala de aula e com isso ampliar a discussão sobre a apropriação da escrita por esses alunos na escola. Utilizou-se como estratégia metodológica o Estudo de Caso, de três jovens alunos com deficiência intelectual, matriculados em escolas comuns, uma pública municipal e outra particular, ambas, situadas na cidade de Salvador (BA). A observação participante das interações na sala de aula, a entrevista semiestruturada com os professores e a análise de documentos escolares como os cadernos, atividades e livros didáticos foram os procedimentos e técnicas adotados neste estudo. Buscou-se uma discussão sobre a relação entre o gesto corporal e a escrita desses alunos no espaço escolar, ancorada na concepção histórico-cultural do desenvolvimento humano e na perspectiva interacional da(s) linguagem (ens). Procurou-se responder à questão: qual é a função dos gestos de alunos com deficiência intelectual no processo de aprendizagem inicial da escrita a partir das interações estabelecidas na escola? A partir de uma análise microgenética, os achados encontrados apontam para um necessário olhar sobre as várias funções que os gestos podem revelar nas dinâmicas interativas da trama que envolve esses alunos: o estudante que escreve, o objeto (escrita) e seus interlocutores. Os gestos e a produção de escrita, em suas várias expressões, mais particulares em cada caso estudado, vista no percurso de desenvolvimento desses alunos, estabelecem elos entre cada sujeito e o mundo, consigo mesmo e seus interlocutores. Nas trocas que ocorrem na sala de aula, os seus leitores são imprescindíveis para a atribuição de sentidos a esses movimentos que esses alunos fazem diante do papel. Palavras-chave: Gestos- Escrita- Alunos com deficiência intelectual- Escola / ABSTRACT In the interlocution with the other, gestual movements can complement the speech, they work to give some clues on how people are thinking, to clarify or even to recover some information not yet found in the oral expression. Because they understand that gestures and writing require interlocutors, suggest careful supervision and ask for possible dialogues about learning within the school, The main goal of this research is to analyze the function of gestures as a symbolic manifestation of students with intellectual disabilities in writting learning. From the interactions established in the classroom, We will broaden the arguments about the acquisition of writing carried out by these students at school. A case study on three young students with intellectual disabilities, enrolled in common schools, a municipal public school and a private school, both located in Salvador city, were used as methodological strategies. Participant observation of classroom interactions, semistructured interview with teachers and analysis of school documents such as notebooks, activities and textbooks were the procedures adopted in this study. We thought to argue the relationship between the body language and the writing of these students at school ground, based on the historical-cultural definition of human development and on the interactional perspective of languages. We will try to answer the question: what is the function of students’s gestures with intellectual disabilities in the beginning og writing learning process from the interactions established at school? From a microgenetic analysis, the findings found point to a necessary look at the various functions which gestures can reveal in the interactive dynamics of the plot that involves these students: students’s writing, the object (writing) and their interlocutors. Gestures and the production of writing, in their various expressions, more specifically in each case We studied, seen in the course of development of these students, establish links between each subject and the world, to himself and his interlocutors. In the exchanges that take place in the classroom, their readers are indispensable concerning to attribution of meanings to these movements that these students make before the paper.
194

Risco de abuso sexual em pessoas com deficiência intelectual e contexto familiar sobre sexualidade

Ferrari, Isa Maria de Souza Fernandes 29 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Sebin (lusebin@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-28T12:59:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissIMSFF.pdf: 855662 bytes, checksum: 90315e33ca9ed039a442ec7a25ec3825 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T18:42:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissIMSFF.pdf: 855662 bytes, checksum: 90315e33ca9ed039a442ec7a25ec3825 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T18:42:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissIMSFF.pdf: 855662 bytes, checksum: 90315e33ca9ed039a442ec7a25ec3825 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T18:42:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissIMSFF.pdf: 855662 bytes, checksum: 90315e33ca9ed039a442ec7a25ec3825 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Although sexuality is a natural behavior when associated to people with intellectual disabilities, there are beliefs and myths on the subject, especially in the family, primarily responsible for the teaching of sex and protection abilities practices. Such beliefs influencethe conception of the subject and prevent such people to receive knowledge about sex and sexuality and can help to increase a person's risk to suffer sexual abuse. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to investigate the family's views on the sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities and also the perception of people with intellectual disabilities about sexual abuse risk situations. This study aims to: raise and analyze the perception of people with intellectual disabilities on risk situations of sexual violence; up and analyze the views of people with intellectual disabilities of family members about the sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities; verify and analyze the relationship between the perception of people with intellectual disabilities on risk situations of sexual violence and the conceptions of the family on the sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities. The participants were 18 individuals, including people with intellectual disabilities and their families. For data collection with the family we used a semi-structured interviews, in order to understand the conceptions of sexuality; with people with intellectual disabilities was applied a translation of "What If" Situation Test, in order to identify their perception about sexual abuse risk situations. The data obtained for the test were encouraging regarding the identification of the appropriate and inappropriate touch situations in accordance with the instrument, but the low score in other issues enhances vulnerability to such a population of sexual abuse. The results of the data collected with the family, from the interviews analysis indicated the need to broaden their knowledge about sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities, as the prevailing belief of the asexuality of these people, moreover, such family rarely talked or instructed people with intellectual disabilities about sex education or self-protection skills against sexual violence. It being understood that it is necessary to strengthen the family's knowledge and modify its practices regarding sexuality and sexual education so as not only to prevent the person with intellectual disabilities suffer some kind of sexual violence, as well as prepare it and support it for exercise consciously and fully of their sexual and reproductive rights. / Apesar de a sexualidade ser um comportamento natural quando associada à pessoa com deficiência intelectual, envolve diversas crenças e mitos em especial na família, a principal responsável pelo ensino das práticas sexuais e de habilidades de proteção. Tais crenças influenciam na concepção sobre o assunto e impedem tal população de receber conhecimento sobre sexo e sexualidade, podendo contribuir para aumentar o risco da pessoa com deficiência intelectual sofrer abuso sexual. Sendo assim, considera-se pertinente investigar as concepções da família sobre a sexualidade das pessoas com deficiência intelectual e também, a percepção das pessoas com deficiência intelectual sobre situações de risco de abuso sexual. Este estudo tem como objetivos: levantar e analisar a percepção das pessoas com deficiência intelectual sobre situações de risco de abuso sexual; levantar e analisar as concepções dos familiares de pessoas com deficiência intelectual acerca da sexualidade das pessoas com deficiência intelectual; verificar e analisar a relação entre a percepção das pessoas com deficiência intelectual sobre situações de risco de abuso sexual e as concepções dos familiares sobre a sexualidade das pessoas com deficiência intelectual. Participaram da pesquisa 18 indivíduos, entre pessoas com deficiência intelectual e familiares. Para coleta de dados com os familiares foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, visando entender as concepções sobre a sexualidade; com as pessoas com deficiência intelectual foi aplicada uma tradução do “What If” Situation Test, com objetivo de identificar a percepção delas sobre situações de risco de abuso sexual. Os dados obtidos pelo teste foram animadores no que concerne à identificação das situações de toque apropriadas e inapropriadas de acordo com o instrumento, porém a baixa pontuação nas outras questões reforça a vulnerabilidade de tal população ao abuso sexual. Os resultados dos dados coletados com os familiares, a partir da análise das entrevistas indicou a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento destes sobre a sexualidade da pessoa com deficiência intelectual, pois prevalece a crença da assexualidade destas pessoas, além disso, tais familiares raramente conversavam ou instruíam as pessoas com deficiência intelectual sobre educação sexual ou habilidades de autoproteção contra o abuso sexual. Ficando claro que é necessário fortalecer o conhecimento da família e modificar suas práticas em relação à sexualidade e educação sexual de modo não só a prevenir a pessoa com deficiência intelectual de sofrer algum tipo de violência sexual, como também prepara-la e apoiá-la para exercer de maneira consciente e plena de seus direitos sexuais e reprodutivos.
195

Leitura e consciência fonológica na deficiência mental: intervenções com o programa "Alfabetização Fônica Computadorizada"

Hein, Júlia Margarida 04 September 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:40:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Julia Margarida Hein.pdf: 559852 bytes, checksum: dccdd205339d817fb771079a6234ba06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-04 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The objective of this research was to verify the effectiveness of the intervention with the program Computerized Phonological Alphabetization in pupils with intellectual disabilities. The program considers to stimulate and to develop the phonological awareness that is important for reading ability. 20 children and adolescents with ages between 10 to the 17 years of two specialized institutions had concluded this study. Throughout the study, two groups of participants: control and experimental groups had been formed with similar characteristics. 16 sessions of individual intervention in the experimental group and evaluations before and after the intervention in both groups had been carried through parallel evaluations. The results had been analyzed with statistics, comparing the averages of rightness through the tests of ability of reading and writing and the test of phonological awareness. It had the indication of a considerable improvement of the experimental group in relation to the control group. In a general way, the initiative of this work demonstrated good answers to the improvement of the reading and phonological awareness with the use of the adequate computer program becoming an important resource for the incentive the reading of pupils with Intellectual Disabilities. / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a eficácia da intervenção com o programa Alfabetização Fônica Computadorizada em alunos com deficiência mental. O programa propõe estimular e desenvolver a consciência fonológica que se faz importante para habilidade de leitura. Concluíram este estudo 20 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 10 à 17 anos de duas instituições especializadas. Ao longo do trabalho, foram formados dois grupos de participantes identificados como grupo controle e experimental com características semelhantes. Foram realizadas 16 sessões de intervenção individual no grupo experimental e avaliações paralelas antes e depois da intervenção nos dois grupos. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente, comparando as médias de acertos através dos testes de habilidade de leitura e escrita e da prova de consciência fonológica. Houve a indicação de uma melhoria considerável do grupo experimental em relação ao grupo controle. De um modo geral, a iniciativa deste trabalho demonstrou boas respostas à melhoria da leitura e consciência fonológica com a utilização de programa de computador adequado tornando-se um recurso importante para o incentivo a leitura de alunos com Deficiência Mental.
196

Famílias de crianças em idade escolar com deficiência intelectual, dificuldades de aprendizagem ou desenvolvimento típico: comportamento, estresse materno, apoio social e percepção de impacto familiar / Families of children in school age with intellectual disability, learning difficulties or typical development: behavior, motherly stress, social support and perception of familiar impact

Celia Cristina Nunes Miotto 01 February 2011 (has links)
A literatura mostra que a presença de uma criança com deficiência intelectual pode ocasionar distúrbios no ciclo normal da família, como o estresse parental, apontando o apoio social como um dos mais importantes recursos para proteção dos efeitos de estressores e promotor da recuperação da crise. O modelo Duplo ABCX tem sido utilizado na compreensão da adaptação pós-crise. Os problemas de comportamento de crianças com deficiência intelectual ou com dificuldades de aprendizagem são apontados como significativos estressores parentais. A percepção que os membros da família têm do impacto da presença de uma criança, com deficiência ou não, também se constitui numa variável relevante no ajustamento familiar. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o estresse materno e sua associação com componentes do modelo Duplo ABCX de adaptação familiar, em grupos de famílias de crianças com deficiência intelectual, com dificuldades de aprendizagem e com desenvolvimento típico. Pretendeu-se 1) comparar o estresse materno, a percepção de apoio social familiar, a percepção do impacto causado pela presença de uma criança na família e os problemas de comportamento das crianças, entre os grupos; 2) identificar associações entre estresse materno e as variáveis do ajustamento familiar nos grupos; 3) investigar a estabilidade dessas variáveis nos grupos com medidas de follow-up. Participaram três grupos: Grupo DI, famílias de crianças com deficiência intelectual (n=30); Grupo DA, famílias de crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem (n=30), e Grupo DT, com famílias de crianças com desenvolvimento típico (n=30). As mães responderam aos instrumentos de medida do estresse, apoio social, recursos e apoio à maternidade, problemas de comportamento das crianças e percepção do impacto da presença de uma criança com necessidades especiais. Tais instrumentos foram aplicados em duas ocasiões, com intervalo de 8 a 12 meses. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de comparação de grupos e correlação. Os resultados não indicaram diferenças entre os grupos quanto ao estresse materno, e a maioria das mães nos três grupos apresentou elevado nível de estresse, com predominância de sintomas psicológicos. Não houve diferenças significativas quanto ao escore total das escalas de apoio social, mas observaram-se algumas diferenças entre os grupos nas subescalas; o grupo DT apresentou maiores níveis de apoio para desabafos, percebendo a presença de seus filhos como menos impactante para outros membros da família. Ao avaliarem os filhos, mães de crianças com deficiência intelectual relataram maiores níveis de problemas com colegas, perceberam maiores dificuldades de comunicação ou comportamentais e perceberam as limitações físicas e de habilidades de auto-cuidados das crianças como mais impactantes. As crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem foram indicadas pelas mães como mais hiperativas, com maior pessimismo sobre o futuro. A análise da associação entre o estresse e as variáveis do ajustamento indicou algumas correlações. As comparações entre desistentes e não-desistentes apontaram diferenças quanto ao apoio social, comportamento da criança e percepção do impacto. O modelo Duplo ABCX foi útil na análise do ajustamento familiar. Quanto à estabilidade das variáveis, observou-se alta correlação entre a 1ª e a 2ª aplicação. O estudo apresenta relevância científica no que concerne à inclusão de grupos de famílias de crianças com necessidades distintas e homogêneas. As implicações práticas e as limitações do estudo são discutidas. / The literature shows that the presence of an intellectually disabled child can cause disturbances to the family life cycle, like the parental stress, pointing to the social support as one of the most important resources for protection against the effects of stressors and promotion of recovering from crisis. The Double ABCX Model has been used in the understanding of the adaptation after crises. The problems of children\'s behavior with intellectual disability or with learning difficulties are pointed like significant parental stressor. The perception family members have of the impact of a disabled or nondisabled child is also an important variable affecting the family adjustment. So, the purpose of the present research was to investigate mother stress and its association with components of the Double ABCX Model of familiar adaptation, in groups of families of children with intellectual disability, with typical development and with learning difficulties. The goals were 1) to compare groups with respect to mother stress, perception of family social support, perception of the child\'s impact on the family, and child behavior problems; 2) to identify associations between mother stress and the variables of family adjustment in the groups; 3) to investigate the stability of these variables in the groups with follow-up measures. Mothers in three groups participated: Group DI, families of children with an intellectual disability (n=30); Group DA, families of children with learning difficulties (n=30); Group DT, families of children with typical development (n=30). The mothers answered the instruments evaluating stress, social support, resources and support to parenting, behavior problems and perception of the impact of a child with intellectual disabilities. Such instruments were applied in two opportunities, with interval from 8 to 12 months. Statistical analysis comprised group comparisons and correlations. The results did not indicate differences between the groups as for mother stress, and most of the mothers in three groups presented elevated stress level, with predominance of psychological symptoms. There were no significant differences for the total score of the scales of social support, but some differences were observed between the groups in the subscales; the group DT presented higher levels of support for confessions, perceiving less impact of the presence of his children for other members of the family. Mothers of children with intellectual disability reported higher levels of problems with peers, perceived more child communication/behavioral difficulties, and evaluated the physical limitations and self-care skills of their children as more impacting. Mothers of children with learning difficulties indicated them as more hyperactive, and presented more pessimism on the future. The analysis of the association between the stress and the variables of the adjustment indicated some correlations. The comparisons between mothers that gave up and mothers that not gave up pointed to differences for the social support, children\'s behavior and perception of the impact. The model Double ABCX was useful in the analysis of the familiar adjustment. The results of the stability of the variables indicated high correlation between the 1st one and the 2nd application. The study presents scientific relevance due to the inclusion of family groups of children with different and homogeneous difficulties. The practical implications and the limitations of the study are discussed
197

A escola de educação especial: uma escolha para crianças autistas e com deficiência intelectual associada de 0 a 5 anos / The special education school, a choice for children with autism and intellectual disability associated with 0-5 years

Ricardo Schers de Goes 03 August 2012 (has links)
Esta dissertação de mestrado teve o objetivo de investigar os motivos que levaram os pais de crianças com autismo e deficiência intelectual associada a matricularem seus filhos na educação infantil em escolas de educação especial. Para atender o objetivo proposto, esta pesquisa apresenta um panorama da educação infantil no Brasil, com destaque para a questão da educação especial, abordando as suas ambiguidades presentes nas normas e legislação, além de discutir a respeito da falta de consenso e fragilidade na conceituação e caracterização do autismo e da deficiência intelectual. Foram realizadas entrevistas com pais de crianças com autismo e deficiência intelectual associada, que frequentaram a educação infantil em escola de educação especial. O que se observou nas entrevistas foi que os pais buscaram inicialmente a escola regular para seus filhos, mas devido às dificuldades encontradas, acabaram escolhendo por retirá-los da escola regular e matriculá-los em escolas privadas de educação especial, por acreditarem que estas escolas podem oferecer melhores condições para o processo de escolarização de seus filhos. Ao analisarmos os relatos dos pais à luz da Teoria Critica da Sociedade, levantamos alguns indícios de que a escola de educação especial muitas vezes aparece como a melhor possibilidade de escolarização para crianças com autismo de e deficiência intelectual associada, logo, esta escolha dos pais apresenta uma coerência. No entanto, não houve resistência e enfrentamento dos pais ao se depararem com as dificuldades na inclusão de seus filhos nas escolas de ensino regular, o que indica uma atitude de adaptação destes pais em relação aos limites impostos à escolarização de seus filhos com autismo e deficiência intelectual associada. Além disso, discutimos a questão de que a educação infantil pode ser um ambiente inclusivo dado às condições adequadas para que as crianças tenham contato com a diversidade, ou seja, crianças com e sem deficiências frequentando a mesma escola, podem por esta aproximação ter uma diminuição do preconceito para com o diferente / This dissertation aimed to investigate the reasons that parents of children with autism and intellectual disability associated with enrolling their children in early childhood education in special education schools. To meet the proposed objective, this research presents an overview of early childhood education in Brazil, highlighting the issue of special education, approaching their present ambiguity in the rules and legislation, and to discuss about the fragility and lack of consensus in the conceptualization and characterization of autism and intellectual disabilities. Interviews were conducted with parents of children with autism and intellectual disability associated with, who attended early childhood education in special education school. What was observed in the interviews was that parents initially sought a mainstream school for their children, but due to difficulties, just by choosing to remove them from regular school and enroll them in private schools for special education because they believe that these schools may offer better conditions for the process of schooling of their children. When analyzing the parental reports in the light of Critical Theory of Society, lifted some evidence that the special education school often appears as the best possible education for children with autism and intellectual disability associated, so that parental choice has consistency. However, there was no resistance and coping of parents faced with the difficulties in including their children in mainstream schools, which indicates an attitude adjustment of parents in relation to limits on the schooling of their children with autism and disabilities associated intellectual. Moreover, we discuss the question that early childhood education can be an inclusive environment given the right conditions for children to have contact with diversity and children with and without disabilities attending the same school, this approach may have a decreased prejudice toward different
198

Formação continuada de professores para o atendimento educacional especializado: desafios e perspectivas / Continued training of specialized educational teachers: challenges and prospects

Edison de Queiroz Junior 09 September 2010 (has links)
Os sistemas de ensino brasileiros, a partir das diretrizes nacionais para a educação inclusiva, viram-se frente à tarefa de se organizarem de modo a não apenas receber, mas atender, em suas necessidades, a todos os alunos matriculados em suas escolas. Entre outras ações, as diretrizes nacionais para a educação especial na educação básica, estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Educação, prevêem o atendimento educacional especializado, oferecido preferencialmente na rede regular de ensino. Para a realização desse atendimento, a Resolução CNE/CEB nº 2/2001, propõe a atuação de professores especializados em educação especial. O presente estudo objetivou identificar as necessidades formativas apontadas por professores especializados em deficiência intelectual, atuando na rede municipal de ensino de São Bernardo do Campo, em São Paulo, bem como analisar as propostas de formação continuada desenvolvidas pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Bernardo do Campo, entre os anos de 2005 e 2009, destinadas à formação desses professores. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa optamos por desenvolver uma investigação de campo, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando como procedimentos para coleta de dados entrevistas semidirigidas com dez professores que atuam no atendimento educacional especializado para alunos com deficiência intelectual no município, além de documentos oficiais produzidos pela SMESBC relativos a ações formativas destinadas a esses professores. Para o estudo dos dados, além das referências teóricas, utilizamos a análise de conteúdo. Ao concluir o estudo, consideramos que os professores apontam diferentes necessidades formativas, relacionadas tanto às questões não contempladas em sua formação inicial quanto às mudanças no contexto educacional, mais especificamente aquelas propostas pela Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva de 2008. As propostas desenvolvidas pela Secretaria de Educação ao longo dos cinco anos pesquisados, por diferentes razões, não se configuraram numa linha formativa que auxiliasse os professores na organização e estruturação do serviço no município. Os diferentes direcionamentos adotados pelas ações formativas oferecidas contribuíram significativamente para que não houvesse, por parte dos professores, uma coerência em relação às necessidades formativas apontadas. / Based on national guidelines for inclusive education, Brazilian educational systems are facing the task of organizing themselves in order to receive all students and really consider their special needs. Among many actions, National Guidelines for Special Education in Basic Education established by Brazilian Ministry of Education, demands special educational intervention preferentially at regular school. CNE/CEB Resolution No. 2/2001 proposes the intervention of specialized teachers to achieve this aim.The purpose of this study is to identify the training needs identified by their own teachers specialized in intellectual disability who works at (for) municipal schools of São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, and examine proposals for continued training offered by Municipal Department of Education of São Bernardo do Campo, between 2005 and 2009. The research uses a qualitative method developed by semiguided interviews for data collection with ten teachers who works at specialized educional service in municipal schools and also the study of official documents from SMESBC related to formative actions for the specialized teachers. Data analysis was done by theoretical references as well as content analysis. We realized that teachers suggest different training needs related to contents s not included in their initial training as well as those related to the changes occurred on the educational context, more specifically those proposed by the national policy of special education in the perspective of inclusive education, 2008. The proposals developed by Education Department over the five years studied, due to many reasons, did not show a l training direction which would help teachers organize and structure municipal service. The differente directions adopted by formative actions contributed significantly to the fact that teachers training needs are not coherent.
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Ett föräldraskap i motvind : Föräldrar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning / A Parenthood in Headwind : Parents with Intellectual Disability

Danielsson, Michelle, Kedziora, Jenny January 2022 (has links)
It has become increasingly common for individuals with intellectual disabilities to choose to have children, but research shows that they often have difficulty assimilating the parental role. Historically society has mainly assumed that it is the intellectual disability that causes deficiencies in the parenting role. In recent decades research has begun to focus on other factors that may influence parenthood. Despite the development of research it does not appear that social work has developed at the same pace. In this qualitative overview study the purpose was to report on the research situation regarding parenting ability of parents with intellectual disabilities and the formal support. The research results are presented through a thematic analysis as parenting ability of parents with intellectual disabilities, the Peter Pan-metaphor, go into parenthood blindly and support for parents with intellectual disabilities. A theoretical connection to the stigma theory and empowerment theory has been made to shed light on how the surrounding structures affect the parenting ability of the intellectually disabled and to provide a deeper understanding and explanation of the study results. The results show that the view of intellectually disabled parents is largely based on dominant societal norms, which in turn lead to consequences for how the formal support measures are designed. The conclusion is that there is a need to focus more on the parents' strengths and abilities rather than their difficulties and incapacities. Thus, to make the support more effective, but also so that professionals and society can give intellectually disabled parents a fair and honest chance to both become and be parents. / Det har blivit allt vanligare att individer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning väljer att skaffa barn, men forskning visar att de ofta har svårigheter att tillgodogöra sig föräldrarollen. Historiskt sett har samhället huvudsakligen utgått ifrån att det är den intellektuella funktionsnedsättningen som medför brister i föräldraskapet. De senaste decennierna har forskningen börjat fokusera på andra faktorer som kan tänkas påverka föräldraskapet. Trots utvecklingen av forskningen framstår det inte som att det sociala arbetet har utvecklats i samma takt. I denna kvalitativa översiktsstudie var syftet att redogöra för forskningsläget gällande föräldraförmågan hos föräldrar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning och det formella stödet. Forskningsresultatet presenteras utifrån en tematisk analys som föräldraförmågan hos föräldrar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, Peter Pan-metaforen, går in i föräldraskapet i blindo och stöd till föräldrar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning. En teoretisk anknytning till stigmateorin och empowerment-teorin har gjorts för att belysa hur de omgivande strukturerna påverkar intellektuellt funktionsnedsattas föräldraförmåga och för att ge en djupare förståelse samt förklaring till studiens resultat. Resultatet visar att synen på intellektuellt funktionsnedsatta föräldrar till stor del bottnar i dominerande samhällsnormer som i sin tur leder till konsekvenser för hur de formella stödinsatserna utformas. Slutsatsen är att det behövs fokuseras mer på föräldrarnas styrkor och förmågor snarare än deras svårigheter och oförmågor. Detta för att kunna effektivisera stödet, men även för att professionella och samhället ska kunna ge intellektuellt funktionsnedsatta föräldrar en rättvis och ärlig chans att både bli samt vara föräldrar.
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Inclusive education in Europe : A systematic literature review about the benefits of inclusive education for primary school aged children with intellectual disabilities

Sander, Ann-Marie January 2021 (has links)
Inclusive education is one major goal nowadays in the whole world. Looking into policy inclusive education is highly valued and quality and equity shall be ensured that every child can benefit to develop his or her full potential. Looking into Europe there is still a gap between policy and practice, especially when it comes to children with intellectual disabilities. This population is considered as vulnerable faced by increased separation and exclusion. A systematic literature review was conducted aimed to understand the benefits of inclusive education for primary school aged children with intellectual disabilities in European countries. 15 articles published between 2010 and 2021 were analysed using narrative analysis. The findings showed overall good progress of this population within academic achievement, the sense of belonging, participation, socio-emotional and cognitive development, and behavioural outcomes. However, poor outcomes were reported as well. To better understand these benefits, they were discussed using the concept of participation by Maxwell and Granlund, the need to belong according to the theory of human motivation by Maslow and Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory. It became obvious that nowhere a system is fully inclusive and that there is still a long way to go. Nevertheless, benefits can be seen already which shows a step towards meeting the best interest of the child by making progress towards a full inclusive education system.

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