[pt] Apesar da crescente importância da internet como um canal de informação, compra e venda de serviços de turismo, ainda há uma lacuna sobre as motivações e barreiras que levam consumidores a utilizarem a internet para o consumo de produtos e serviços ligados ao turismo. A hipótese central deste estudo é de que a confiança e seus antecedentes têm papel fundamental na formação da intenção de compra de produtos e serviços turísticos na internet. A partir da análise da literatura, foram identificados e selecionados antecedentes de maior relevância na decisão de compra online de turismo. Foi proposto então um modelo estrutural e formuladas dezesseis hipóteses relacionando os construtos utilizados e seus efeitos sobre a intenção de compra. Todas as hipóteses foram testadas por meio equações estruturais com base nos dados de uma survey de 292 usuários de sites de produtos e serviços turísticos, todos residentes na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados obtidos confirmam a maior parte das hipóteses formuladas, com relações significativas sendo verificadas entre o construto confiança e os demais construtos abordados, influenciando significativamente a intenção de compra de produtos e serviços de turismo na internet. / [en] Despite the growing importance of the Internet as an information and purchase channel for the tourism industry, there is still a gap in the literature about the motivations and barriers involved in the online consumption of tourism related services and products. The central hypothesis of this study is that trust and its antecedents have an important role in the formation of the intention of purchasing travel products and services on the Internet. Based on a literature review, several relevant antecedents to online trust and tourism purchase behavior were identified. A structural model was then proposed to test sixteen hypotheses relating the selected constructs to purchase intent. Data from a survey of 292 previous buyers of online tourism products and services was used to test the proposed model. The results confirm most of the hypotheses, with significant relationships being found between trust and the other addressed constructs, most of which were found to significantly influence the intention to purchase tourism-related services or products online.

abstract: Understanding how adherence affects outcomes is crucial when developing and assigning interventions. However, interventions are often evaluated by conducting randomized experiments and estimating intent-to-treat effects, which ignore actual treatment received. Dose-response effects can supplement intent-to-treat effects when participants are offered the full dose but many only receive a partial dose due to nonadherence. Using these data, we can estimate the magnitude of the treatment effect at different levels of adherence, which serve as a proxy for different levels of treatment. In this dissertation, I conducted Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate when linear dose-response effects can be accurately and precisely estimated in randomized experiments comparing a no-treatment control condition to a treatment condition with partial adherence. Specifically, I evaluated the performance of confounder adjustment and instrumental variable methods when their assumptions were met (Study 1) and when their assumptions were violated (Study 2). In Study 1, the confounder adjustment and instrumental variable methods provided unbiased estimates of the dose-response effect across sample sizes (200, 500, 2,000) and adherence distributions (uniform, right skewed, left skewed). The adherence distribution affected power for the instrumental variable method. In Study 2, the confounder adjustment method provided unbiased or minimally biased estimates of the dose-response effect under no or weak (but not moderate or strong) unobserved confounding. The instrumental variable method provided extremely biased estimates of the dose-response effect under violations of the exclusion restriction (no direct effect of treatment assignment on the outcome), though less severe violations of the exclusion restriction should be investigated. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2018

Registration means to bring two or more shapes into a suitable relative configuration (position and orientation). In its major applications like 3D scan alignment, the aim is to coalesce data and regions originating from the same physical region have similar local form. So, the correspondence between shapes is discoverable from the shapes themselves, and the registration makes corresponding regions coincide. This work concerns the registration of shapes to satisfy a purpose or intent, not involving data integration. Regions relevant to the purpose are marked as patches correspondingly on two input 3D meshes of objects. Then, a method of registration is used to obtain the suitable configuration. Three methods of registration are explored in the present work. The first method of registration is to align intrinsic co-ordinate frames defined on the shapes. This is used in a scenario of comparison of shapes with dissimilar local form, which are to be aligned as an expert requires, as in the comparison of dental casts and apple bitemarks in forensics. Regions recognized in dentistry are marked as patches on the cast and bitemark shapes by a dentist. From these, an intrinsic frame is defined and aligned to bring the shapes close. The alignment is used to calculate distortion of a deteriorated bitemark. Another application of frame alignment is the analysis of shape variation of contours in a population for wearable product design. A frame based on anthropometric landmarks is used to construct the contours of the product's interface with the body-part, analyze its spread through a 2D grid-statistics method, and construct the interface shape. The frame helps assess the fit of the constructed shape on an individual. The method is demonstrated with respirator masks. Frame-based alignment is seen to give unsatisfactory results with head shapes for motorcycle-helmet interior design, as it does not adequately describe the helmet-head interaction. This inspires the second method of registration. The second method of registration is the biased minimization of distance between corresponding patches on the shapes, by weighting patches to indicate their importance in the registration. The method is used to assess the small deviation of precisely-known quantities in shapes, such as in manufactured part inspection. Here, the patches marked are grouped, and the part and model shapes registered at patches in the combinations of groups, by giving a binary weighting of 1 to these patches and 0 to others. The deviation of every patch across the registrations at multiple datum systems is tabulated and analyzed to infer errors. The method is exemplified with welded bars and bent-pipes. In the analysis of head-shape variation in a population to create headforms for wearable products, the deviations are large and not precisely known. So, the head shapes are registered at patches on regions pertinent to the product's functioning, with a relatively higher weight for a reference patch. A 3D grid-statistics method is used to analyze the shapes' spread and arrive at the headform shapes. The selection of head form for a given head shape is also treated. The method is demonstrated with motorcycle helmets and respirator masks. Biased distance-minimization is applied to obtain the mechanical assembly of part meshes. Different schemes of marking patches are tested as cases. The method leads to both intended and unintended final configurations, prompting for a better objective in registration. Thus, the third method of registration, that of normals is proposed; this happens in a transformed space. By analyzing the nature of assembly in CAD systems, the face-normals of the mesh are used to obtain the intended orientation of parts. The normals of corresponding patches are registered using three methods of registration, namely on a unit-sphere, of unit-normals, and spherical co-ordinates of normals. In each method, the optimal transformation is suitably converted to be applied on the actual part shape in 3D. Unit-normal alignment gives sensible results, while the other two lead to skewed final orientations. This is attributed to the nature of the space of registration. The methods are applied to examples involving different assembly relations, such as alignment of holes. On the whole, it is shown that correspondence embodies the knowledge of importance of regions on shapes for a purpose. The registration method should lead to an apt shape placement, which need not always mean coincidence. In essence, correspondence denotes 'what' regions are of relevance, and registration, 'how' to get the relative configuration satisfying a purpose or intent.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2017-11-30T12:16:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernanda Paulla de Godoi - 2017.pdf: 1376709 bytes, checksum: fee705fc65089a270e97d79119d66b24 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-30T12:59:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernanda Paulla de Godoi - 2017.pdf: 1376709 bytes, checksum: fee705fc65089a270e97d79119d66b24 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-30T12:59:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernanda Paulla de Godoi - 2017.pdf: 1376709 bytes, checksum: fee705fc65089a270e97d79119d66b24 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The peki fruit(Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) stands out among the fruits from various Cerrado native frui species.). However, it is still not very popular throughout Brazil, because it has a very characteristic taste and aroma, and is still restricted to preserves, creams and chestnut oil. The objective of this work was to develop breaded chicken patties with peki fruit pulp and to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of peki fruit pulp and of different cooking methods on acceptance and purchase intention. For the preparation of the breaded ckichen patties, chicken breast, ice water, salt, erythorbate, sodium phosphate, garlic, parsley, pepper, onion, curing salt and peki fruit pulp were used in the following concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%). At coverage stage, corn starch, water, and onion and garliflavored breadcrumbs were used. The breaded chicken patties were prepared to consume using four different cooking methods (air-fryer, microwave, conventional oven and fried by oil immersion) andevaluated for acceptance tests and purchase intent. The texture, flavor, color and aroma attributes were evaluated. There was no rejection in any of the samples, in spite of the peki fruit pulp concentration, but the degree of acceptance varied from one cooking method to another. The cooking method most accepted by consumers were in electric airfryer and conventional oven. / Dentre os frutos de várias espécies frutíferas nativas do cerrado, vem se destacando o pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.), porém, ainda não muito popular em todo território brasileiro, por apresentar gosto e aroma bem característico, e por ainda estar restrito a conservas, cremes e óleo da castanha. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, desenvolver e avaliar empanados de peito de frango com diferentes concentrações de polpa de pequi, e com diferentes métodos de cocção, por meio de testes de aceitação e intenção de compra. Para a elaboração dos empanados, utilizou-se peito de frango, água gelada, sal, eritorbato de potassio, fosfato de sódio, alho, salsa, pimenta, cebola, sal de cura e polpa de pequi nas seguintes concentrações 2,5, 5, 7,5 e 10%. Já na etapa de cobertura, foram utilizados amido de milho, água e farinha de empanar sabor cebola e alho. Os empanados foram preparados para consumo utilizando-se quatro métodos de cocção diferentes (airfryer, micro-ondas, forno convencional e fritos por imersão em óleo) e avaliados em testes de aceitação e intenção de compra. Os atributos como textura, sabor, cor e aroma foram avaliados nos empanados. Não houve rejeição em nenhuma das amostras, a despeito da concentração de pequi utilizada, contudo, o grau de aceitação diferenciou de um método de cocção para outro. Os métodos de cocção mais aceitos pelos consumidores foram em fritadeira elétrica airfryer e forno convencional.

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-08-01T15:25:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danilodeoliveirasampaio.pdf: 64353826 bytes, checksum: 18205065f906a37199938c37551047a6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-08-01T17:08:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 danilodeoliveirasampaio.pdf: 64353826 bytes, checksum: 18205065f906a37199938c37551047a6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T17:08:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 danilodeoliveirasampaio.pdf: 64353826 bytes, checksum: 18205065f906a37199938c37551047a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-01 / PROQUALI (UFJF) / Os consumidores estão cada vez mais conscientes e exigentes em relação aos tipos de alimentos ofertados, em especial, aos fatores como: qualidade, prego, saúde e preservação do meio ambiente natural. Nesse contexto, o alimento orgânico certificado tem sido uma opção entre os tipos de alimentos, pois é concebido sob um sistema de cultivo baseado na agricultura agroecológica e sustentável, a qual veta o uso de agrotóxicos, preserva a natureza sem contaminar a terra, os rios, a flora e fauna e, ainda, provoca uma relação diferenciada com o trabalhador do campo, com políticas que respeitam a legislação trabalhista. Esta pesquisa teve como foco o comportamento de compra/consumo do consumidor de alimentos orgânicos, buscando responder o problema de pesquisa - Quais são os fatores que determinam significativamente a intenção de compra/consumo de alimentos orgânicos e quais as relações desses fatores entre si? Essa pergunta permitiu a elaboração do objetivo geral da pesquisa, que foi propor e testar um modelo que avaliasse o impacto das variáveis que afetam a intenção de compra/consumo de alimentos orgânicos a partir da perspectiva do consumidor desse tipo de alimento. Nesse sentido, o referencial teórico desta pesquisa aborda dois campos do conhecimento: a escola de marketing denominada comportamento do consumidor e os estudos sobre o comportamento dos consumidores de alimentos orgânicos. Tendo em vista sua concepção, esta pesquisa é classificada como descritiva contendo uma fase exploratória, prevalecendo a filosofia positivista. Para responder aos objetivos e hipóteses desta pesquisa, foram desenvolvidas duas fases metodológicas: uma qualitativa e outra quantitativa. Assim, desenvolveram-se dois grupos focais em Juiz de Fora (MG) e um survey transversal com 560 consumidores de alimentos orgânicos em Belo Horizonte (MG). Após a construção da escala ajustada aos propósitos desta pesquisa, um modelo de comportamento de compra/consumo de alimentos orgânicos foi elaborado com base na técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais Podese concluir que o único construto endógeno deste modelo proposto, Intenção de Compra/Consumo, apresentou um coeficiente dc correlação (RZ) de 41%, indicando que 41% de suas variações são explicadas pelos construtos exógenos e os outros 59% refletem outras coisas que influenciam a intenção de compra/consumo, mas que 115.0 foram abordadas no modelo. O R2 de 41% indica um poder de previsão de moderado a substancial, de acordo com Chin (1998), que ressalta que se o construto é explicado por apenas uma ou duas variáveis, sendo o valor moderado aceitável. Dos três construtos exógenos do modelo proposto, apenas dois apresentaram impacto estatisticamente significativo, que foram os construtos crença e atributo. Ambas as cargas foram positivas, sendo que o impacto do construto atributo (carga padronizada de 0,50, p valor <1%) 1 foi maior do que o impacto do construto crença (carga padronizada de 0,20, p valor <l%), por ser mais próxima de um. O construto grupos de referência apresentou um impacto de 0,05 (carga próxima de zero, apesar de positiva), não exercendo influencias que impactam na intenção de compra/consumo se comparado aos outros construtos. Com relação as contribuições acadêmicas e gerenciais, destacamse: o resgate de um referencial teórico atualizado sobre o comportamento do consumidor de alimentos orgânicos; e que os varejos podem criar ações de publicidade e promoção de vendas incluindo uma mensagem de valorização ao meio ambiente, a qualidade e a disponibilidade do alimento orgânico. Dentre as limitações do estudo, destaca-se que o período de realização da pesquisa foi limitado e que mais cidades poderiam ter sido pesquisadas vislumbrando uma comparação entre as mesmas. Como sugestão de pesquisa futura, a diferenciação enquanto estratégia mercadológica pode ser utilizada tendo em vista os diversos tipos de alimentos orgânicos, apontando comportamentos de compra/consumo específicos por produto (tanto in natura como processado) possibilitando o aperfeiçoamento do modelo proposto. / Consumers are increasingly aware and choosy about the types of food offered, in particular, factors such as quality, price, health and preservation of the natural environment. ln this context, the certified organic food has been a choice between types of food because it is designed under a cropping system based on agroecology and sustainable agriculture, which prohibits the use of pesticides, nature preserves without contaminating the land, the rivers, flora and fauna, and also causes a different relationship with the field worker, with policies that respect the labor laws. This research focused on the buying behavior/consumer consumption of organic food, seeking to answer the research question - What are the factors that determine significantly the intention to purchase/consumption of organic food and what the relationship of these factors with each other? That question led to the development of general purpose of the research, which was to propose and test a model to assess the impact of 1 variables affecting the intention to purchase/consumption of organic food from the ` perspective of the consumer of this type of food. ln this sense, the theoretical framework of , this research addresses two areas of knowledge: the school named marketing and consumer behavior studies on the behavior of consumers of organic food. Given its design, this research is classified as containing a descriptive exploratory phase, prevailing positivist philosophy. To meet the goals and hypotheses of this research was developed twostage methodology: a qualitative and quantitative one. Developed two focus groups in Juiz de Fora (MG) and a transverse survey with 560 consumers of organic food in Belo Horizonte (MG). After the construction of the adjusted scale to the purposes of this research, a model of buying behavior/consumption of organic food has been prepared based on the technique of structural equation modeling. It can be concluded that the only construct endogenous this proposed model, lntent to Purchase/Consumption, showed a correlation coefficient (R2) of 41%, indicating that 41% of their variations are explained by the constructs exogenous and the other 59% reflect other things that influence the intention to purchase/consumption, but were not addressed in the model. The R2 indicates a 41% predictive power of moderate to substantial, according to Chin (1998), which emphasizes that the construct is explained by only one or two variables, and the moderate value acceptable. Of the three exogenous constructs of the proposed model, only two showed statistically significant impact, that the constructs were belief and attribute. Both fillers were positive, and the impact of the construct attribute (standardized cargo 0.50, p value <1%) was higher than the impact of the construct belief (standardized cargo 0.20, p value <l%), being the closest one. The construct reference groups showed an impact of 0.05 (load close to zero, although positive), not exerting influences that impact on intention to purchase/consumption compared to other constructs. With respect to academic and managerial contributions stand out: the rescue of a theoretical date on consumer behavior of organic foods, and that retails actions can create advertising and sales promotion including a message of appreciation to the environment, the quality and availability of organic food. Among the studys limitations, it is noteworthy that the timing of the survey was limited and that more cities could have been surveyed glimpsing a comparison between them. As a suggestion for future research, while differentiating marketing strategy can be used in view of the various types of organic foods, pointing behaviors purchase/consumption by specific product (fresh and processed) enabling the improvement of the proposed model.

Several studies have examined the use of emoji and emoticons in computer mediated communication among peers and colleges but there is yet academic research on the impact of businesses using these paralinguistic cues when responding to online consumer reviews. This research is examining the influence these paralinguistic cues have on the consumers perception of the companies quality of the response to an online consumer review, brand relationship, purchase intent. Using an online survey, participants are asked to answer general questions about the brand, the quality of the response, brand relationship, and purchase intent after seeing a random condition of both a low and high involvement product. Result support previous eWOM research as valence of the review had the largest impact on the consumers perception of the companies quality of the response to an online consumer review, brand relationship, purchase intent with an interesting finding where in most cases the addition of an emoji in positive valence message attributes to the strongest findings. With the increase in emoji usage in marketing and advertising, it is important that business are utilizing these tools in effective means otherwise the use of these paralinguistic cues could negatively impact the companies quality of the response to an online consumer review, brand relationship, purchase intent.

In an attempt to bridge the gap between theories of violent escalation and those of genocide, this paper theorizes genocide to be a strategic choice by leaders in response to a situation which they perceive to lack alternatives. This situation is expected to evolve out of a violent escalation, more precisely civil war. The empirical test consists of a structured focused comparison of one positive and one negative case; namely the conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina and the conflict in Georgia over the region Abkhazia. The finding gives some evidence to the theory, however a more adequate theory needs to also involve a theorization of the ability to perpetrate genocide and not only of a lack of other alternatives. The study builds on previous research on the relationship between violent escalation and genocide, and findings are in line with existing research.

Avec l’avènement progressif de l’ère industrielle, l’activité de l’homme a pesé de plus en plus négativement sur l’équilibre des milieux naturels. Il s’en est suivi la construction progressive d’un droit répressif de l’environnement, destiné à lutter contre les atteintes à la nature, mais chroniquement élaboré sur les bases même d’un dispositif de police administrative, un concept assis sur les fondements d’un droit résolument disciplinaire, structurellement et moralement insuffisant pour révéler une valeur essentielle. La responsabilité délictuelle ainsi que le régime de responsabilité environnementale visent à inventer de nouveaux concepts juridiques afin de réparer les atteintes à la nature, mais révèlent de nombreuses limites. Dans ce contexte, la norme pénale, se voulant surtout utilitariste, est à la fois auxiliaire d’un droit administratif et auxiliaire de normes réparatrices, et, demeure sans influence pour faire émerger la valeur réelle de l’intérêt protégé. Il ressort d'une telle analyse que la protection de la nature, en tant que valeur essentielle, ne peut être consacrée que par le recours à un droit pénal efficace établi sur les bases de fondements éthiques compris et acceptés par tous. Cette thèse de droit interne s’inscrit dans une démarche prospective qui voudrait concourir à un tel résultat en tentant de repenser et de restructurer le droit pénal spécial de l’environnement de manière à offrir au juge répressif la possibilité de porter un véritable jugement de valeur sur des atteintes désormais reconnues comme autodestructrices du genre humain lui-même. / With the gradual advent of the industrial era, human activity has weighed more negatively on the balance of natural environments. This was followed by the gradual construction of a very repressive law for environment, intended to combat prejudice against nature, but chronically prepared on the very bases of administrative police, a seated concept on the basis of a resolutely disciplinary law, structurally and morally insufficient to reveal an essential value. Tort, as well as environmental liability regime aim to invent new legal concepts in order to redress the damage to nature, but they reveal many limitations.In this context, the criminal standard, meant to be especially utilitarian, is both an auxiliary of administrative right and an auxiliary of remedial standards, and remains without influence in bringing out the real value of the protected interest.It is such an analysis that the protection of nature, as an essential value, may be used only by recourse to an effective criminal law established on the bases of ethical foundations understood and accepted by everybody. This thesis of law fits into a forward-looking approach that would contribute to such an outcome by trying to rethink and restructure the special criminal law of the environment so as to offer the repressive judge the opportunity to exercise a true value judgment on self-destructive and now recognized violations of mankind itself.

This study sought to understand factors driving repurchase intentions for consumer electronics (CE) hardware and in particular mobile phones. The outcome of the study was expected to be of interest in academia and practice because it develops upon existing literature and identifies actionable variables that could be used to optimise market offerings. Based on a literature review it was hypothesised that the intent was driven by hedonic and utilitarian factors. These included conspicuousness and visibility; product bundling; reliability; technological features, usability of the product and the buyers’ age. The study tested these hypotheses using primary data. The method was employed to confirm the postulated drivers as well as to determine the direction of the effects. Data collection was conducted through a cross sectional internet survey enumerated in August 2010. The survey reached a broad sample of 144 responders. The analysis supported two of the six hypothesised drivers. The supported drivers were conspicuousness and usability. The recommendation was therefore to encourage the CE industry to focus on creating aesthetically appealing, fashionable devices that were intuitively easy to use requiring minimal assistance or product manuals. It also recommends that less emphasis be placed on durability, advanced features, on bundling additional extras and on targeting particular age groups. Copyright / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

The increasing use of model-driven software development has renewed emphasis on using domain-specific models during application development. More specifically, there has been emphasis on using domain-specific modeling languages (DSMLs) to capture user-specified requirements when creating applications. The current approach to realizing these applications is to translate DSML models into source code using several model-to-model and model-to-code transformations. This approach is still dependent on the underlying source code representation and only raises the level of abstraction during development. Experience has shown that developers will many times be required to manually modify the generated source code, which can be error-prone and time consuming. An alternative to the aforementioned approach involves using an interpreted domain-specific modeling language (i-DSML) whose models can be directly executed using a Domain Specific Virtual Machine (DSVM). Direct execution of i-DSML models require a semantically rich platform that reduces the gap between the application models and the underlying services required to realize the application. One layer in this platform is the domain-specific middleware that is responsible for the management and delivery of services in the specific domain. In this dissertation, we investigated the problem of designing the domain-specific middleware of the DSVM to facilitate the bifurcation of the semantics of the domain and the model of execution (MoE) while supporting runtime adaptation and validation. We approached our investigation by seeking solutions to the following sub-problems: (1) How can the domain-specific knowledge (DSK) semantics be separated from the MoE for a given domain? (2) How do we define a generic model of execution (GMoE) of the middleware so that it is adaptable and realizes DSK operations to support delivery of services? (3) How do we validate the realization of DSK operations at runtime? Our research into the domain-specific middleware was done using an i-DSML for the user-centric communication domain, Communication Modeling Language (CML), and for microgrid energy management domain, Microgrid Modeling Language (MGridML). We have successfully developed a methodology to separate the DSK and GMoE of the middleware of a DSVM that supports specialization for a given domain, and is able to perform adaptation and validation at runtime.