ITC/USA 2006 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Second Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 23-26, 2006 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / In this paper we will present a new fiber sensor integrated monitor (FSIM) to be used in an embedded instrumentation system (EIS). The proposed system consists of a super luminescent diode (SLD) as a broadband source, a novel high speed tunable MEMS filter with built in photodetector, and an integrated microprocessor for data aggregation, processing, and transmission. As an example, the system has been calibrated with an array of surface relief fiber Bragg gratings (SR-FBG) for high speed, high temperature monitoring. The entire system was built on a single breadboard less than 50 cm² in area.

The vast majority of work on question formation examines interrogatives from the perspective of just one single component of grammar, usually the syntax or the prosody. The present dissertation offers a comprehensive account of question formation addressing both the syntax and the prosody of interrogatives and the interaction between these two components of grammar in signalling the question meaning of an utterance. The present work examines question formation on the basis of four genealogically related and geographically closely located Romance varieties spoken in northern Italy: Gherdëina, Badiot, Fascian and Nònes. Given that these varieties differ only with respect to certain microparametric values whereas others remain constant, they constitute an ideal research area to study the interaction between the syntax and the prosody in question formation. The syntactic and prosodic analyses proposed are based on new empirical data. The syntactic analysis is couched within the cartographic approach and the prosodic analysis is based on Autosegmental-Metrical Phonology. This dissertation is motivated by five main research goals: <ol type=i><li>to provide a detailed description of the syntactic variation found in interrogatives in the four varieties Gherdëina, Badiot, Fascian and Nònes based on data collected by the author;</li> <li>to propose a unified syntactic analysis of the interrogatives;</li> <li>to offer a prosodic analysis of statements and questions providing new data from varieties not studied up to now in the literature;</li> <li>to establish the relation between the syntax and the prosody in question formation;</li> <li>to determine how the syntax and the prosody interact in providing clues to interrogative force for the listener as well as the speaker.</li></ol> The main conclusions are as follows: The syntactic structure and the intonational tune are autonomous in question formation. Three aspects matter for interrogative clause typing: (i) syntactic marking, (ii) prosodic marking and (iii) tune-text-alignment.

Within the discipline of sociology human olfaction is rich with social significance yet remains a poorly charted frontier. Therefore, the following discourse is aimed toward the development of a foundation for the sociological study of olfaction. It is formed by the dual goals of unearthing the social history of olfaction and of providing a viable sociological account of the manner in which smells affect human ontology. From these goals arise the following research questions: (1) Have the meaning and social relevance of odors and the olfactory sensorium changed throughout different periods of history?; (2) How have those in the lineage of eminent sociological thinkers addressed the phenomenon of human olfaction during these periods?; and (3) What is the process by which aromatic stimuli are transformed from simple chemical compounds, drifting in the atmosphere, into sensations in a sensory field and then on to perceived objects, to subjects of judgment and interpretation, and finally to bases of knowledge which form and continually reform individuals in the world? The weaving of the sociohistorical tapestry of smell is undertaken to provide examples from thousands of years lived experiences as to the fluid and sociologically complex nature of individuals' olfactory senses. This historical information is presented in a narrative format and is synthesized from data gleaned from books, advertisements, articles in popular non-scientific magazines, as well as from the findings of studies published in medical/neurological, psychological, anthropological, and sociological scholarly journals. Regarding theoretical aim of this discourse, insights are drawn from Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological theory of human perception for the generation of a framework for the sociological study of olfaction. Merleau-Ponty's theoretical notions are modified, modernized, and refitted to more specifically fit the subject of human olfaction and to include all that has been discovered about the biological specifics of olfactory perception since the time of his writing. Taken in sum, this effort is an access point to the understanding of how olfactory sensory perceptions flow toward the ontological unfolding of individuals.

- The examination of witness in a criminal process According to the title of this final paper, it concerns the most important procedural technique under the criminal process - the examination of a witness. It is the most widespread criminalistic and criminal technique which is irreplaceable in the criminal process. The basic task is finding the facts of the case beyond a reasonable doubt. A witness, as a person who testifies to circumstances of an examined case which he remembered and kept in his memory, is one of the basic institutes of criminal law next to the examination. His testimony is very important in checking, investigation and clarifying crimes and other criminalistic relevant events, more precisely in the whole process of clarifying criminal activities. The master's degree thesis is divided into six chapters. The principal part of the thesis is formed by the second chapter to the fourth one. In the introduction the history of the examination, the goal and the structure of the paper are mentioned shortly. The first chapter contains the definition of examination and kinds of examination and creates the beginning of the whole thesis. The important part of the paper is devoted to a witness. A witness is a person who perceives with his senses facts which are important for finding the facts...

Det övergripande syftet med denna uppsats har varit att genomföra en kvalitativ studie som belyser och diskuterar informationsinsamlande och konfrontativa förhörstekniker vid förhör med misstänkta gärningspersoner. En tematisk analys av förhör med misstänkta har genomförts för att identifiera uttalanden och uttryck som tyder på användandet av respektive förhörsstrategi. Resultaten har tolkats och diskuterats utifrån tidigare forskning och de kognitionspsykologiska områden som berör berättande, minnen och konfirmationsbias. Resultaten har visat att ett informationsinsamlande respektive konfrontativt förhållningssätt kan visa sig genom en mängd olika uttryck och uttalanden. Resultaten har också visat att det till viss del förekommit starkt konfrontativa inslag i några av de analyserade förhören. Utifrån tidigare forskning, de kognitionspsykologiska perspektiven och resultaten från den tematiska analysen är den huvudsakliga slutsatsen att det behövs fler och mer omfattande svenska studier av hur förhör med misstänkta genomförs i praktiken. / Information or confrontation - a theme-based analysis of police interviewing with criminal suspects The purpose of this paper has been to execute a qualitative study to highlight and discuss information-gathering and confrontational approaches in interviewing criminal suspects. A theme-based analysis was implemented to identify statements and expressions that suggests the use of either interrogation strategy. The results have been interpreted and discussed based on previous research and cognitive psychology areas affecting human storytelling, memories and confirmation bias. The results have shown that the information-gathering and confrontational approach may be shown through a variety of expressions and statements. The results have also shown that it to some extent have been highly confrontational elements in some of the analyzed interrogations. Based on previous research, the cognitive psychological perspectives and the results from the theme-based analysis the main conclusion is that quantitatively and extensively more studies of how the interrogation of criminal suspects is implemented in practice, especially in a Swedish context, is needed.

La problématique d'interrogation d'une base de données en présence d'une ontologie (OBQA pour "Ontology-based Query Answering") consiste à prendre en compte des connaissances générales, typiquement une ontologie de domaine, lors de l'évaluation d'une requête. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, ces connaissances sont représentées par des formules de la logique du premier ordre appelées "règles existentielles". Les règles existentielles sont aussi connues sous le nom de règles Datalog+/- ou "tuple-generating dependencies". Nous considérons une approche couramment utilisée, qui consiste à réécrire la requête en exploitant les règles de façon à se ramener à un problème classique l'interrogation d'une base de données. Nous définissons un cadre théorique d'étude des algorithmes de réécriture d'une requête conjonctive en une union de requêtes conjonctives, accompagné d'un algorithme de réécriture générique, prenant en paramètre un opérateur de réécriture. Nous proposons ensuite plusieurs opérateurs de réécriture et développons différentes optimisations, que nous évaluons sur des benchmarks du domaine. / The issue of querying a knowledge base, also called Ontology-based Query Answering (OBQA), consists of taking into account general knowledge, typically a domain ontology, when evaluating queries. In this thesis, ontological knowledge is represented by first-order logical formulas, called existential rules. Existential rules are also known as Datalog+/- and tuple-generating dependencies. We adopt a well-known approach, which consists of rewriting the query with the rules to reduce the problem to a classical database query answering problem. We define a theoretical framework to study algorithms that rewrite a conjunctive query into a union of conjunctive queries, as well as a generic rewriting algorithm that takes into account a rewriting operator. Then, we propose several rewriting operators and develop several optimisations, which we evaluate on benchmarks of the domain.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:21:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Juliana da Silva Pires.pdf: 601979 bytes, checksum: 0256eb7cd429b6bfa61c38d9dd6644bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-17 / The issue of this study refers to the use of videoconference as a new paradigm to perform the criminal interrogation procedure in Brazil. The contemporary World prioritizes methods based on technological development, which also should be followed as an ideal in achieving justice, under penalty of the Judiciary falls behind the World surrounding it. The use of technology in criminal proceedings may be helpful to improve the Judiciary system by avoiding the usual jurisdictional performance delay, especially using the technological progress of computer science in its favor. Moreover, these technologies would contribute to the fully observation of the principle of the procedural speed, satisfying at the same time the needs of an eager society. Therefore, changes should arise naturally in the criminal procedure making sure its legislation follow the progress of technological sciences, mainly in the real-time transmission of sound and image streams field. However, it is essential to adapt these incoming updates with the current Brazilian Constitution and mainly with its principles listed in section 5th entitled as fundamental rights. It is not possible to call Government of Law when these guarantees are not severely obeyed. The Criminal Procedure can and should make use of these techniques (such as videoconferencing), as it consists of a technical feasibility to conduce remote hearings without putting in risk untouchable principles linked to Human Dignity. From this said, it will be necessary to discuss the safeness of this videoconferencing method since this issue still faces resistance from some part of the doctrine. This study mainly attempts to focus around this discussion and intends to prove the legal and constitutional safeness of the interrogation by videoconference system in criminal proceedings / Trata o presente estudo do ato do interrogatório com base em novo paradigma: o da videoconferência. O mundo contemporâneo prioriza as ações que decorrem do desenvolvimento tecnológico, o que também se aplica como ideal a ser seguido na realização da justiça, sob pena de o Poder Judiciário ficar em desvantagem com relação ao mundo que o cerca. O uso de tecnologia de ponta no desenrolar do processo penal pode contribuir para alavancar o esforço contra a demora na prestação jurisdicional, especialmente no campo da informática, servindo para dar efetividade ao princípio da celeridade processual, tão desejada pela população em geral. Por conseguinte, a modificação dos procedimentos processuais penais deve surgir naturalmente, não mais se compreendendo que a legislação processual deixe de acompanhar os progressos da ciência da informática, especialmente a transmissão em tempo real de som e imagem. Reformas legislativas, nesse campo, são realmente necessárias. Mas, é óbvio que se torna imprescindível a adequação dessas reformas às normas inseridas na Constituição Federal e em especial sua adequação aos princípios constitucionais elencados no art. 5º como direitos fundamentais, uma vez que não há falar-se em Estado de Direito com violação dessas garantias maiores. O Processo Penal pode e deve valer-se dessas técnicas (como a da videoconferência), já que se trata de viabilidade tecnológica para realização de audiências à distância, sem descumprimento de intocáveis princípios atrelados à Dignidade Humana. Neste diapasão, necessário será analisar a segurança e a constitucionalidade desse novo sistema, uma vez que o emprego da videoconferência ainda enfrenta resistência por certa parte da doutrina. Este trabalho se ocupa, nesses termos, do exame do interrogatório feito pelo sistema de videoconferência no curso do processo penal e pretende demonstrar tanto a viabilidade do emprego dessa tecnologia na esfera processual penal, quanto sua adequação às normas constitucionais hoje em vigor entre nós

Le besoin d'expliciter la sémantique des données dans différents domaines scientifiques (biologie, médecine, géographie, ingénierie, etc.) s'est traduit par la définition de données faisant référence à des ontologies, encore appelées données à base ontologique. Avec la multiplication des ontologies de domaine, et le volume important de données à manipuler, est apparu le besoin de systèmes susceptibles de gérer des données à base ontologique de grande taille. De tels systèmes sont appelés des systèmes de gestion de Bases de Données à Base Ontologique (BDBO). Les principales limitations des systèmes de gestion de BDBO existants sont (1) leur rigidité, due à la prise en compte des constructions d'un unique formalisme d'expression d'ontologies, (2) l'absence de support pour les données non standard (spatiales, temporelles, etc.) et, (3) leur manque d'efficacité pour gérer efficacement les données de grande taille. Nous proposons dans cette thèse un nouveau système de gestion de BDBO permettant (1) de supporter des ontologies basées sur différents formalismes d'ontologies, (2) l'extension de son formalisme d'ontologie pour répondre aux besoins spécifiques des applications, et (3) une gestion originale des données facilitant le passage à grande échelle. Le système que nous proposons dans cette thèse, ontodb2, se fonde sur l'existence d'un ensemble de constructions communes aux différents formalismes d'expression d'ontologies, susceptible de constituer une ontologie noyau, et sur les techniques de gestion des modèles pour permettre l'extension flexible de ce noyau. Nous proposons également une approche originale de gestion des données à base ontologique. Cette approche part du fait que les données à base ontologique peuvent se classifier en données canoniques (instances de classes primitives) et noncanoniques (instances de classes définies). Les instances de classes définies peuvent, sous certaines hypothèses, s'exprimer en termes d'instances de classes primitives. Nous proposons donc de ne représenter que les données canoniques, en transformant sous certaines conditions, toute donnée non-canonique en donnée canonique. Enfin, nous proposons d'exploiter l'interpréteur de requêtes ontologiques pour permettre (1) l'accès aux données non-canoniques ainsi transformées et, (2) d'indexer et pré-calculer les raisonnements en se basant sur les mécanismes du SGBD support. L'ensemble de ces propositions est validé (1) à travers une implémentation sur le SGBD PostgreSQL basée sur les formalismes d'ontologies PLIB, RDFS et OWL Lite, (2) des tests de performances sur des ensembles de données issus de la géographie et du Web.

L'objet de ce travail de thèse est la description linguistique de la modalité interrogative en conversation spontanée et en synchronie. Il s'agit d'abord de relever et d'évaluer tous les indices morphosyntaxiques qui permettent de faire état de l'information transmise. Puis, l'objectif est de mesurer l'implication dialogique du locuteur. On considère, à l'instar de [Damourette, 1911], qu'un énoncé interrogatif n'est complet que lorsqu'une réponse est apportée. Un locuteur formule sa question en fonction d'une image de réponse qu'il a présente à l'esprit et qui véhicule l'informalion-réponse tout autant qu'un contexte interactif et argumentatif. On peut émettre l'hypothèse que l'intentionnalité d'un locuteur se mesure en se fondant sur la réponse qu'il escompte, c'est-à-dire sur celle qu'il considère être non seulement la plus plausible au sein de sa représentation du monde, mais aussi la plus adéquate à la situation énonciative et dialogique. À partir de cette hypothèse, l'analyse a permis, de procéder à une description modélisée de l'interrogation en fonction de trois axes complémentaires. Cette description modélisée de l'interrogation a ensuite fait l'objet d'une confrontation à des données attestées de deux natures. Un premier corpus de Système de Questions/Réponses a permis de tester la modélisation tandis qu'un second corpus de SMS a permis de valider les modifications apportées. Cette ultime version du modèle a autorisé une description de l'interrogation en conversation spontanée dans la totalité des pratiques langagières observées.

Non-destructive methods of material interrogation are used to locate hidden explosives and thwart terrorism attempts. In one such method materials are bombarded with neutrons which react with the nuclei of the atoms within causing a de-excitation process emitting a gamma-ray. The spectrum displayed by the collection of these gamma-rays gives valuable information regarding the material’s elemental make-up. It has been hypothesized that gamma-rays from neutron-induced gamma-ray reactions on light elements with atomic numbers less than 20, including most of the gamma-rays of interest in explosives detection, are Doppler-broadened. This thesis focuses on the gamma ray spectra from the 4438 keV gamma ray in the 12C (n, n’γ) reaction wherein Doppler broadening was investigated. A graphite sample was exposed to 14 MeV neutrons and the 12C gamma ray spectra collected using an HPGe detector positioned at four different angles with respect to the neutron beam; near 00, 450, 900 and 1350. No other experimental parameter was changed. The resultant gamma ray spectra indicated Doppler broadening had occurred.