The aim of this thesis is to explore innovations in retailing to the foreign market and then propose the concept of recommendations for use in the Czech market. Specifically, I therefore use of secondary data from international websites www.springwise.com collected 20 innovations from around the world, I worked in the case studies. In conclusion, I created a table which shows that innovation is a comprehensive view of the best and I'm here specifically described. I also used the survey research on e-script, which I created design concept

This thesis is devoted to interrogation, detection of lies and tactics of overcoming them. Large part of this work is devoted to ordination of findings of criminology and forensic psychology on this issue. These findings are complemented by practical examples. Important part of this thesis consists of an analysis of real interrogation with a demonstration of possible practical applications of the lie detection techniques and the tactics of overcoming false testimony. The introductory chapter of the thesis is focused on general theoretical analysis of interrogation, with an emphasis on the legal side of things. Very important part of the process of overcoming false testimony is the lie itself, to which the second chapter is devoted. The impact of usage of interrogation tactics on the interrogated in order to overcome the alleged false statements is related to the issue of false confessions and self-incrimination, because interrogator's real task is not to obtain the testimony he wants to hear, but to obtain a just and truthful testimony. Improper interrogation procedure may leads to false confessions and may result in miscarriages of justice. The third chapter is devoted to tactics of overcoming a false testimony. The following chapter is devoted to possible interrogation mistakes that have a...

The presented diploma thesis presents the method of cognitive interview and describes the possibilities of its use in the preparatory proceedings. The theoretical part defines the interrogation of a witness in the preparatory proceedings and introduces the psychological processes in creating witness statement. In the following chapters, the thesis focuses only on the method of cognitive interview, presents its processs, basic techniqes, but also a comparison with other interrogation methods. The greatest emphasis of the thesis is on the use of cognitive interview with the police and specific groups that participate in the preparatory proceedings. Part of the thesis is also research, which is divided into two parts. Each of them aims to describe the current process of interrogating witnesses and victims in the Czech Republic, to help answer the question of whether it is important to try to implement the method of cognitive interview in the Czech environment. Thanks to the analysis of five interrogation videos and seven interviews with police officers from practice, it was possible to identify some interrogation techniques that are considered effective in the cognitive interview method, but also those that the method recommends not to use. Of the four cognitive interview techniques, which are...

The presented diploma thesis presents the method of cognitive interview and describes the possibilities of its use in the preparatory proceedings. The theoretical part defines the interrogation of a witness in the preparatory proceedings and introduces the psychological processes in creating witness statement. In the following chapters, the thesis focuses only on the method of cognitive interview, presents its processs, basic techniqes, but also a comparison with other interrogation methods. The greatest emphasis of the thesis is on the use of cognitive interview with the police and specific groups that participate in the preparatory proceedings. Part of the thesis is also research, which is divided into two parts. Each of them aims to describe the current process of interrogating witnesses and victims in the Czech Republic, to help answer the question of whether it is important to try to implement the method of cognitive interview in the Czech environment. Thanks to the analysis of five interrogation videos and seven interviews with police officers from practice, it was possible to identify some interrogation techniques that are considered effective in the cognitive interview method, but also those that the method recommends not to use. Of the four cognitive interview techniques, which are...

The tactical methods of overcoming the false testimony Abstract The objective of this thesis is to describe and analyse the false testimony at interrogation, its recognition and follow-up overcoming by means of tactical interrogation methods and other techniques. In the introductory part of the thesis, the elemental concepts such as the phenomenon of lie, interrogation and testimony are defined in order to gain some insight, without which it would not be well possible to dedicate to the research of detection of lie and its overcoming. The following part deals with the lie detection in crime investigation in particular, it highlights the importance of correct identification of false testimony and it pursues the lie from perspective of the recipient of lie, whose interest is to reveal the lie. The particularities in this area regarding children are outlined as well. The subsequent part is focused on the false testimony and its detection based on the verbal, nonverbal and paraverbal tokens in conduct of concerned person. I have attempted to capture the differences between intentional communicating of untruthful information, thus lying, and unintentional communicationg of untruthful information caused by natural process of forgetting. In the following part, the overview of tactical interrogation methods applied...

False confessions are the most difficult type of confession to detect. Because the Reid interview and interrogation technique is the global gold standard for interviews, interrogations, and confessions, it is used to obtain confessions from suspects. However, the Reid method has been untested in regard to if it can detect false confessions to potentially eliminate wrongful convictions. The purpose of this qualitative study was to perform a content analysis of videos of confessions using several models that make up the Reid interview and interrogation technique. Utilizing attribution theory as a framework, these models were qualitatively assessed for their ability to detect false confessions in comparison with the legal casebook analysis and linguistic analysis. The key research questions addressed how interviewers attribute identification of false confessions through the assessment of the various models and the complete Reid interview and interrogation technique. An additional research question concerned how interviewers identify attribution error in false confessions through the assessment of the various models and the complete Reid interview and interrogation technique. Data were collected from 6 videos and subjected to content analysis, triangulated with discourse analysis and conversation analysis. The results of this study showed that the models applied to the confessions could distinguish between true and false confessions. A social change could occur if some or all of these models are applied to all interrogations to detect false confessions, which would provide law enforcement and the intelligence professions the tools to assess confessions in order to potentially stop wrongful convictions and intelligence failures in interviews and interrogations.

Syftet med denna studien har varit att undersöka hur socialtjänstens stöd till barn efter polisförhör ser ut när föräldrar misstänks för att ha utsatt barnen för våld. Vi har undersökt socialkontor i Norrbottens län som inte är anslutna till ett Barnahus eller erbjuder strukturerat stöd till målgruppen. För att uppfylla studiens syfte har vi genomfört en enkätstudie riktad till chefer inom samtliga socialtjänster inom Norrbottens län och hållit kvalitativa intervjuer med sju socialsekreterare som i sitt arbete kommer i kontakt med barn som kan bli föremål för polisförhör. Studien visade att avsaknad av en strukturerad metod ger socialsekreterarna handlingsutrymme att bevilja stöd och gör detta utifrån individuella bedömningar av barnets behov. Stödet till barn i Norrbottens län ser därför olika ut beroende på vilken socialsekreterare barnet möter. Det framkommer att organisationerna har brustit i att ta fram rutiner som är ändamålsenliga för klientgruppen då flera informanter beskriver att de saknar rutiner att luta sig mot när det kommer till vissa aspekter av arbetet med barn i samband med polisförhör. Detta blir särskilt viktigt för de med liten eller ingen praktisk erfarenhet men även för de med mer erfarenhet för att minska risken för godtyckliga bedömningar. Samverkan mellan socialtjänst och polis beskrivs fungera bra i vissa kommuner men inte alls i andra. Tidigare forskning visar att en faktor som spelar in för bra samverkan är samlokalisering vilket flera av kommunerna saknar då polis inte finns belägen i den egna kommunen. Norrbottens län är ett av få län i Sverige som saknar Barnahus och det finns ingen motsvarande funktion som på ett strukturellt plan arbetar mot att barn i Norrbottens län får en barnanpassad process och adekvat krisstöd efter att ha tagits till polisförhör. / The aim for this study was to explore the support offered by the social services to children after a police interview in cases where a parent is suspected of violence against the child. We have examined social services in the county of Norrbotten that don't cooperate with a Child Advocacy Centre (Barnahus) or use structured methods. To fulfil the aim, we sent out a questionnaire to social services managers in all local authorities, and carried out qualitative interviews with seven case workers within child welfare services. The study shows that in absence of a structured method leaves room for the case workers to grant support based on individual assessments of children's needs done in each individual case. Due to this the support to children in the county of  Norrbotten tends to differ depending on which case worker the child meets. The study shows that authorities have not implemented routines that address the specific nature of working with these clients as case workers describe a lack of routines to lean on when it comes to certain issues while working with children after a police interview. It becomes more important to those with little or no experience from these kinds of cases but routines would also contribute to lower the risk of arbitrary assessment amongst those with more experience. Cooperation between social service and police cooperates well in some municipalities while some does not. Science shows that one factor that has an impact on cooperation is co-location which is lacking in several municipalities since there is no police located in the area. The County of Norrbotten is one of few Swedish counties that lacks a Child Advocacy Centre and there is no similar function that on a structured level contributes to a child friendly interrogation process and adekvat support after experiencing a police interview in the County of Norrbotten.

Denna uppsats belyser hur förhörsledare väljer förhörsmetod och hur det kan påverka rättssäkerheten. Syftet var att undersöka hur erfarenheten påverkar förhörsledarens val av förhörsmetod samt hur erfarenheten tas tillvara och sprids inom Polisverksamheten. Studien har genomförts i samarbete med Polisen i Malmö. I undersökningen har förhörsledare och individer med gedigen kunskap inom området intervjuats. Resultatet visar att erfarenheten kan påverka rättssäkerheten, dock har det inte undersökts i vilken utsträckning den gör det. Förhörsledare tillämpar inte en specifik förhörsmetod utan använder sig av den fria berättelsen som är ett inslag i både PEACE-modellen och den kognitiva intervjumetoden. Resultatet visa vidare att respondenterna i stor utsträckning vill att erfarenheter av förhörsmetoder ska spridas på ett bättre sätt. Respondenterna uttryckte även att mer vidareutbildning inom området är önskvärt då metoderna bör följa samhällsutvecklingen. / This thesis explores the way the interrogator chooses method of interrogation based upon experience and how this in turn will affect legal certainty. The purpose is to examine how the experiences within the police force will be taken advantage of and how it is disseminated within the organization. The study was conducted in cooperation with the Police in Malmö. By interviewing interrogators and persons with first-rate knowledge about the subject the researcher has tried to get as extensive research material as possible. The results show that experience can affect legal certainty, but the extent of this has not been further investigated. Interrogators do not use a specific interrogation method but uses the free story that is a feature in both the PEACE-model and the cognitive interview method. Furthermore, the experiences within the Police force in Malmö was examined and the results show that the respondents want this to be disseminated to a higher extent. The respondents also expressed that further education was most important and desirable as the methods develop to the same extent as society.

The U.S. is a country of immigrants who are non-native speakers of English (NNS), yet its legal system is not always in the favor of them. One of the issues for the NNSs is not being provided with proficient interpreters in legal settings such as police interrogations or courtrooms. There are times when some NNSs are offered qualified interpreters or translators, but others are provided with heritages speakers of needed languages in the local area. The heritages speakers are often thought to have good proficiency in languages, but unfortunately thats not always the case. To investigate the need for qualified interpreters, I conducted a discourse analysis on the interpreting provided in police interrogations in a legal case involving a Korean immigrant suspect, a heritage speaker of Korean who acted as an interpreter, and English speaking police officers. The result of this research is to help American jurisprudence be more aware of the implications of unverified interpretations to protect both jurisprudence and potential defendants and suspects of NNSs.

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