Thesis (doctoral)--Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 401-417).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Oldenburg, 2005.

Zugl.: Kassel, Univ., Diss., 2005

Habilitation--Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 368-381) and index.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2002--Bremen.

Många studier har gjorts inom området familjeterapi men sällan har barnens egna upplevelser utvärderats. Studiens syfte är att utforska barns erfarenheter av familjeterapi. Frågeställningarna behandlar barnens förväntningar inför terapin, men även deras skildringar av familjesamtalen och situationen efter avslutad terapi. I studien, som har en kvalitativ ansats, har åtta barn i åldrarna 5-12 år intervjuats med hjälp av semistrukturerade frågor och "tjejpingmetod" (Soltvedt, M. 2005). Resultaten visar att de flesta barn, trots sina positiva förväntningar innan terapin, upplever familjesamtalen i första hand som "vuxensamtal" där det är föräldrarna som får stöd och hjälp. De tycker att det har varit svårt att förstå och göra sig förstådda i samtalen. Barnen uttrycker en önskan om deltagande i samtalen men upplever ofta ett utanförskap, obehag och osäkerhet gällande sin roll i terapin. De flesta av barnen ser sig själva som "ensam problembärare", vilket är en bild som föräldrarna ofta bekräftar. Syskons deltagande lyfts fram som en tryggande faktor för barnen, liksom de icke-verbala inslagen i terapin. De barn som haft BOF (Barnorienterad familjeterapi) som behandlingsmetod eller andra icke-verbala inslag i terapin är nöjdast och har upplevt störst delaktighet. I studien visar barnen prov på sin kapacitet som informanter om sin situation. En förbättrad förståelse för barns upplevelser av familjeterapi möjliggör utvecklingen då det gäller terapeuters kompetens och terapeutiska metoder som på ett tydligare sätt är till gagn för både barn och vuxna. / Many studies have been done in the field of family therapy but the children's own experiences are rarely evaluated. The aim of the present study is to explore children's experiences of family therapy. The research questions addresses the children´s expectations before family therapy but also their descriptions of the family conversations and the situation after finished therapy. In the study, which has a qualitative approach, eight children (five boys and three girls) between 5-12 years of age, have been interviewed by using semi-structured questions and "tape method -playful conversation" (Soltvedt, M. 2005). The results shows that most children, despite their positive expectations prior to family therapy, experience family conversations primarily as an "adult conversation" where it is the parents that get support and help. They think it has been difficult to understand and make themselves understood in the conversations. The children expressed a desire to participate but often experienced exclusion, discomfort and uncertainty regarding their role in therapy. Most of the children see themselves as "single problem carrier", which is an image that parents often confirm. Siblings involvement is highlighted as a securing element, as well as the non-verbal elements of therapy. Those children that had BOF (Child-Oriented Family therapy) as a treatment method or other non-verbal elements of therapy are most satisfied and have experienced the greatest participation. In the study the children demonstrated their capacity as informants about their situation. An improved understanding of children's experiences of family therapy enables progress regarding the therapist's competence and therapeutic methods, which clearly is beneficial to both children and adults.

Bakgrund: Individer med narkotikamissbruk tillhör en stigmatiserad grupp som löper stor risk att drabbas av ohälsa och därför kan förväntas ha mycket kontakt med hälso- och sjukvården. Studier har visat att sjuksköterskor har negativa attityder och försämrat bemötande gentemot denna grupp. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva vilka upplevelser personer med aktivt eller tidigare narkotikamissbruk haft av bemötande från sjuksköterskor och annan vårdpersonal samt deras inställning till hälso- och sjukvård. Metod: En intervjustudie med kvalitativ ansats genomfördes. Resultat: Analysen av intervjuerna resulterade i fyra teman: Stigmatiserande bemötande, Motarbetande bemötande, Attityder till hälso- och sjukvården och Mänskligt bemötande är gott bemötande. Slutsatser: Deltagarna i den här studien har inom hälso- och sjukvården upplevt negativt bemötande kopplat till deras aktiva eller tidigare missbruksproblematik. Negativt bemötande mot en utsatt grupp kan leda till förstärkt utanförskap, känslor av maktlöshet och ökad risk för ohälsa. Med ökad kunskap kan sjuksköterskan ge bättre bemötande vilket skulle kunna ha hälsofrämjande effekt. Implikationer: Mer specifikt utbildningsinnehåll om beroende och narkotikamissbruk behövs både på grundutbildningen och som fortbildning för redan verksamma sjuksköterskor för att denna patientgrupp ska få ett bättre bemötande. / Background: Individuals with drug abuse belong to a stigmatized group at high risk of ill-health and can therefore be expected to be in much contact with health care. Studies have shown that nurses have negative attitudes and deficient encounter towards this group. Aim: The aim was to describe what experiences persons with present or former drug abuse has had regarding encounters with nurses and other health care personnel and also their attitude regarding health care. Method: An interview study with a qualitative approach was conducted. Result: The analysis of the interviews resulted in four themes: Stigmatizing encounters, Opposing encounters, Attitudes regarding health care and Humanly encounters are good encounters. Conclusions: The participants in this study have experienced negative encounters in health care related to their present or former drug abuse. Negative encounters towards an exposed group can lead to strengthened exclusion, feelings of powerlessness and increased risk of illness. With enhanced knowledge, the nurse can provide better encounters which could have a health promoting effect. Implications: More specific education about addiction and drug abuse is needed both in the undergraduate program and as further training for practicing nurses in order to give this patient group a better encounter.

In recent decades, the conceptualisation of translation competence and its development has attracted significant attention from translation researchers. Existing literature on translation competence is characterised by the prevalence of multi-componential models of translation competence, with inadequate attention paid to the interplay between competence components in the translation process. Therefore, this doctoral research sets out to re-conceptualise translation competence from a problem-solving perspective so as to understand translation competence and its development in the translation process. By re-defining and re-modelling translation competence with inspiration from problem-solving studies, this research proposes a conceptualisation of translation competence and its development that accommodates the translation process and the learning process. In order to validate the relevance of the proposed theoretical framework, a longitudinal study was conducted among a small group of Chinese students from an MA translation programme, using the translation task-based interview as the main research instrument. Findings from the empirical study have demonstrated the relevance and strength of the theoretical framework as well as revealing individual and shared paths of translation competence development among the learners. This research enriches the current understanding of translation competence and its development. It introduces a fresh perspective for conceptualising translation competence, proposes an effective instrument for empirical competence research, and identifies possible directions for further research. It also has practical implications for translation pedagogy, offering theoretical and empirical support for some recent approaches and trends in translator education and training.

I fritidshemmets verksamhet arbetar fritidspedagoger med IKT och digitala verktyg på olika sätt och i olika grad, och har i uppdrag att ge barnen en meningsfull fritid där deras behov och intresse står i centrum. Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur fritidspedagoger uppfattar olika möjligheter som IKT erbjuder dem i sin undervisning samt vilka svårigheter som de upplever i sitt arbete med IKT i fritidshem. Metoden i denna studie är av kvalitativ ansats, där insamling av data har skett med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem verksamma fritidspedagoger. Studiens resultat visar att IKT och digitala verktyg erbjuder många olika möjligheter för såväl lärarens undervisning som barnens lärande och utveckling. Dock framkommer det att det finns aktuella svårigheter som upplevs av respondenterna, vilket i sin tur begränsar användandet av IKT i fritidshem.

Given the complexity of medicines use in elderly patients, structures and processes of medicines management are key to deriving best outcomes. This research was conducted in hospitals in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and focused on the patient journey from admission to discharge. The overall aim was to explore the structures and processes of medicines management in elderly hospitalised patients in the UAE, conducted in three phases. Phase 1. Following a review of systematic reviews of aspects of medicines management (e.g. reconciliation), this phase focused on a specific, emerging tool (the Drug Burden Index (DBI)) relating to anticholinergic/sedative agents, which are problematic in the elderly. The aim was to critically appraise, synthesize and present evidence of DBI use. The review protocol was registered with the Joanna Briggs Institute and conducted according to best accepted practice. The key finding was the lack of evidence of DBI use prospectively to identify potentially inappropriate prescribing. Phase 2. Phase 2 employed a qualitative phenomenological design to explore health professionals’ views and experiences of medicines management. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 professionals and analysed using Normalization Process Theory (NPT) and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Findings revealed little evidence of coherence, cognitive participation, collective action and reflexive monitoring (NPT). TDF domains dominant were: professional role, identity; beliefs about capabilities; beliefs about consequences; environmental context, resources; and knowledge. Phase 3. The Delphi technique in phase 3 aimed to determine consensus around medicines management using an expert panel of policy makers, educators and lead health professionals. Phase 1 and 2 findings were used in construction of validated statements. A high level of consensus (≥70% strongly agree/agree) was obtained for statements other than those for targeting medicines management (rather than all elderly admissions) and tasks linked to professions (rather than trained staff). Overall, this research has generated original findings focused on the entire inpatient hospital journey, particularly the need to more clearly define, refine and agree on healthcare structures and processes across the entire patient journey from admission to discharge. The use of the NPT and TDF has highlighted those individual practitioners and organisational issues which require consideration.