I fritidshemmen möts de flerspråkiga barnen av fritidspedagoger och svenskfödda barn. Enligt undersökningar vi tagit del av är det viktigt att bemötandet av de flerspråkiga barnen är genomtänkt och anpassat efter deras behov och kulturer. Det måste också ske med ett stimulerande arbetssätt. Undersökningarna visar även att språket är en förutsättning för att kunna lära sig nya saker, att kunna kommunicera med andra och att kunna stärka sin självkänsla och identitet. Syftet i vår undersökning är att belysa hur fritidspedagoger kan underlätta språkutveckling och integrering i fritidshemmet för flerspråkiga barn. Undersökningen tar reda på vilka arbetssätt som kan användas samt vilka möjligheter kontra vilka hinder som finns med flerspråkigheten i verksamheten. För att få reda på undersökningens alla frågor intervjuades 12 fritidspedagoger som varit verksamma i mer än 3 år. Denna undersökning är en kvalitativ studie. Resultatet visar att arbetssätten varierar hos fritidspedagogerna, men det finns också arbetssätt som de flesta av fritidspedagogerna har gemensamt. Undersökningen visar att det finns fler möjligheter än hinder med flerspråkiga barn i fritidshemmet.

Magister Artium - MA (Psychology) / Honours students in Psychology typically form larger cohorts with numbers ranging from 20 to 40 students in comparison to other disciplines that have fewer than 10 students in a cohort. The National Qualifications Framework (NQF) requires Honours students to complete a thesis that is equivalent to 300 notional hours or 30 credits. The learning outcome is that students conduct low level research that prepares them for conceptualizing, executing and writing up a research project. The thesis requirement should also prepare them for future studies. The larger cohorts and revised NQF thesis requirement places increased pressure on the staff compliment of Psychology departments. Some of the ways in which departments have attempted to cope with this increased demand include conducting group-based research projects, and secondary research projects. One of the concerns raised is whether these particular types of methodology prepared students adequately for reactive research in further studies. This study aimed to explore students' subjective perceptions about the extent to which group-based systematic review methodology in the Honours year adequately prepared students for conducting research during their masters-level studies. An explorative study was conducted to explore the experiences of purposively selected recent graduates from two identified Honours programmes that have progressed to Masters level studies. Participants were invited on the basis of being graduates or alumni rather than their registration status as Masters students at particular universities.

Crisis communication has been widely researched for an economic purpose, with the focus on preventing damage to a corporation’s reputation or the restoration of a politician’s image. Additionally, crisis communication also found its utility for natural hazards as well as for terrorist attacks. However, identified as being a research gap, this thesis focuses on studying the prepared crisis communication of mega-event and festival organizations in case of a serious incident. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the area of crisis communication in the way that it focuses on the process of preparing for a possible crisis with the creation of effective communication manuals, action plans, etc. rather than investigating the post-crisis communication. Through using the uncertainty reduction theory and the chaos theory, it is possible to investigate the internal crisis management processes of organizers that go beyond protecting its reputation, but focus more on saving human lives as uncertainty and chaos get reduced. A deductive approach was taken through conducting interviews and carrying out a thematic analysis of written documentary sources, such as manuals and action plans, as well as the transcripts. In general, one can say that the awareness about the importance of a crisis management and communication plan rises. Regular trainings and a constant collaboration with external partners, such as the blue light organizations, are seen as central to the emergency planning process. Moreover, to guarantee an effective crisis communication, often smaller task groups within the crisis management team are in charge of instructional crisis communication. Knowledge about different threat-scenarios and functions of external specialists reduces uncertainty and supports actions to reduce chaos. This thesis and its findings have a societal relevance, in the sense that it allows a wider and deeper understanding of crisis communication in an area of application that does not seem to be very common. Through insights into the crisis management process of the different event- and festival organizations, one can become active today and threats to human lives can be minimized or even avoided in the future.

[pt] A proposta do estudo consiste em fazer uma análise densa da entrevista psiquiátrica, mediante articulação de três perspectivas: análise da rotina, a partir de roteiros de manuais com diretrizes e regras que orientam a prática clínica; análise de enquadres, do fazer clínico, com foco no aqui e agora da entrevista entre médico e pacientes; análise das representações do médico sobre o fazer clínico, em entrevistas com a pesquisadora. As bases teóricas do trabalho fundamentam-se na Sociolingüística Interacional, na Pesquisa Etnográfica e na Psicologia Social. Pretendeu-se, a partir das três perspectivas de análise, fazer um contraponto entre a prática da entrevista centrada no médico, enquanto voz da medicina, e a prática da entrevista centrada no paciente, a voz da sua vida de experiências. Os resultados revelaram que, em relação aos roteiros, há aqueles que voltam-se para tópicos que devem ser abordados, como forma de exercer maior controle, e outros que voltam-se para a valorização das histórias e experiências individuais dos pacientes, podendo propiciar uma interação mais espontânea. Nas entrevistas entre médico e pacientes, o médico aciona enquadres que oscilam entre o investigativo/exploratório e o de co- construção das experiências de vida do paciente, com mudanças na relação de assimetria. Releva-se, assim, um comportamento discursivo híbrido do médico que, ao mesmo tempo em que exerce controle, promove um estado de conversa, facilitando a representação discursiva das experiências dos pacientes. Na análise das entrevistas realizadas com o médico, percebeu-se que suas representações da entrevista são de uma prática que tem como objetivo valorizar a experiência dos pacientes, distanciando-se o quanto possível dos procedimentos determinados pelos roteiros. Os resultados indicam, no entanto, que, no aqui e agora da entrevista, o médico estabelece um meta-enquadre de controle das informações, gerenciando as informações com retomadas e resumos da fala do paciente, sinalizando um modo híbrido de fala. / [en] The purpose of this study consists of an accurate analysis of the psychiatric interview, by combining three perspectives: analysis of the doctor´s routine or interview agenda, which has a standard format and guides the doctor throughout his clinical practice; frame analysis of the doctor´s clinical practice with a focus on the here and now in doctor-patient interviews; and analysis of the doctor´s representations regarding his practice, revealed during interviews with the researcher. Interactional Sociolinguistics, Ethnographic Research and Social Psychology provide the theoretical framework for this study. Hence, a distinction was made between doctor-centered interviews, denoting the voice of medicine, and patient-centered interviews, denoting the patient´s account of his world of experience. The results showed that there are two kinds of interview agendas: those which tend to control the course of the interview, and others which tend to set a high value on the patient´s stories and experiences, providing more spontaneous interactions. During doctor-patient interviews, the doctor introduces framings, which shift from the investigatory/exploratory to the co- construction of the patient´s world of experience, provoking changes in the asymmetrical relationship. Therefore, the doctor adopts a hybrid discourse behavior, that is, on the one hand he controls the patients´ flow of talk in the encounter, and on the other, he fosters a state of talk where patients may express how they represent their world of experience. As the doctor-researcher interviews were analysed, it became clear that the doctor valued patient-centered interviews, moving away from the procedures in the pre-established agenda. The results suggest, however, that+ the doctor establishes an informationcontrolled meta-frame during the here and now in the interview. He manages the information by controlling the turn structure and summing up the patient´s talk, ignoring, many times, the patients´ contributions. In doing so, the doctor ends up using a legitimated institutional power.

Este trabalho trata da entrevista e construção de significados no Programa Primeira Pessoa da TVE/RS. A pesquisa sobre esse tema leva em conta a amplitude do gênero programas de entrevista na atualidade, aspectos dialógicos e jornalísticos. Com 21 anos de existência e sob a apresentação da jornalista Ivette Brandalise, o programa busca revelar a personalidade de entrevistados dos mais variados segmentos sociais. Com duração de aproximadamente 60 minutos e em atmosfera intimista, a apresentadora procura extrair a experiência de vida pessoal no relato dos convidados. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar as potencialidades da entrevista no aprofundamento de informações. A metodologia empregada é a análise da narrativa em Motta (2013) e análise de conversação em Braga (1994) e Marcuschi (1997). O corpus abrange os programas realizados entre o ano de 2013 e primeiro semestre de 2014. Três programas foram analisados. / This paper discusses the interview and construction of meanings in a program called Primeira Pessoa showed at TVE/RS. Research on this theme takes into account the extent of the genre - talk shows - in today´s world, dialogic and journalistic aspects. Having twenty-one years of existence and the journalist Ivette Brandalise as its host, the program seeks to reveal the personality of its guests coming from various social segments. It lasts about 60 minutes, and it is presented in an intimate atmosphere. The host attempts to draw personal life experience from guests’ answers. The objective of this study is to verify the interview potentiality in getting further information about the guests. The methodology includes analysis of narrative from Motta (2013) and conversation analysis from Braga (1994) and Marcuschi (1997). The corpus covers the programs carried out between 2013 and the first half of 2014. Three programs were analyzed.

Title: Planning and organizing a sport event in Milevsko Objectives: The main purpose of this thesis is to create a real basis for the organization of the unique competition in rhythmic gymnastics, to find out the interest of the clubs from the Czech Republic for this competition and to describe the organizational strategy for the implementation of the competition. Methods: To obtain the necessary information for this thesis an electronic questionnaire was created. Interviews method and SWOT analysis were also used. Results: Based on the questionnaire, interviews, SWOT analysis and study of organizational strategy by various authors, an organizational strategy for the organization of a unique competition in rhythmic gymnastics was written. After the end of the event, the organizational strategy was evaluated, feedback was obtained from participants and visitors, and recommendations for the competition were written for coming years. Keywords: Management, marketing, rhythmic gymnastics, questionnaire, interview, SWOT analysis

xiii, 80 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Procedures for direct observation as part of functional behavior assessment (FBA) in natural settings continue to be an important area of inquiry and evaluation in the field of education. Spread across a continuum of control and rigor, various direct FBA methods involve a variety of strengths and limitations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment utility of routines analysis when applied to direct observation as part of the function-based assessment and intervention process in general education classrooms. Central to this procedure is the use of routines analysis during the FBA interview to inform and develop direct observation conditions. This procedure was evaluated across 3 students in grades K-6. Data collected via this procedure showed utility when compared to traditional ABC observation methods such that clearer indications of a hypothesized function of behavior were obtained. Interventions developed from the assessment data resulted in an observed decrease in problem behavior for each participant. Results of this study suggest the importance of routines analysis as a possible way to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the FBA process. / Committee in charge: Cynthia Anderson, Chairperson, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Robert Horner, Member, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Richard Albin, Member, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Jean Stockard, Outside Member, Planning Public Policy & Mgmt

Grovt språk är någonting väldigt förekommande i dagens samhälle, speciellt bland ungdomar. Vad ungdomarna som då använder grovt språk har för erfarenheter och uppfattningar om det skulle därför vara hjälpsamt att veta, så att man kan få en övergripande blick över deras användning av grovt språk. Syftet med denna uppsats är att få en fördjupad förståelse och kunskap om ungdomars tankar och uppfattningar av användandet av grovt språk mellan vänner. Studiens frågeställningar är: • Vad uppfattar informanterna som grovt språk? • Vad för erfarenheter av grovt språk har de,? • Hur definierar informanterna vänskap? • Vad för mening har det grova språket och erfarenheterna av detta för informanterna? • Hur uppfattas grovt språk som en vänskapsfunktion? För att uppnå detta syfte utgår studien ifrån Edmund Husserls teori om fenomenologi som fokuserar på individers tankar, erfarenheter och uppfattningar om något. Studien utgår även från Steiner Kvale och Sved Brinkmans semistrukturerade forskningsanalys för att intervjua informanterna, och Virginia Braun och Victoria Clarkes metoder för att analysera intervjuerna och finna mönster i dem, och sedan konstruera teman utifrån dem. Studiens slutsats är att grovt språk är ett flexibelt verktyg för ungdomar som har olika applikationer. Ungdomarna uppfattar grovt språk som vardagligt språk som har fått nya betydelser inom olika kompisgrupper, vilket även gör det enklare att uttrycka sig. Ungdomarna nämner hur de blir påverkade av andra som de umgås med till att själva använda grovt språk, vilket de inte alltid är stolta över. De tar inte illa upp av grovt språk heller, då de vet att deras vänner inte menar någonting illa, men samma tankesätt gäller inte bland obekanta. Därför är de mer vaksamma om det grova språket kring personer de nyligen träffat. Men om två personer delar en uppfattning om vad ett ord betyder så är det ett tecken på att de är vänner och tillhör samma kompisgrupp. / Crude or harsh language is something very prevalent in today’s society, especially among youth. What experiences and perceptions the youths who use harsh language have regarding it would therefore be helpful to know, to achieve a greater understanding of their usage of harsh language. The purpose of this thesis is to achieve a deeper understanding and knowledge about the thoughts and perceptions of harsh language between friends youths have. The question this study poses are: • What does my informants perceive as harsh language? • What experiences do they have of harsh language? • How do the informants define friendship? • What significance does the harsh language and the experiences of it embody for the informants? • How is harsh language perceived as a way to form friendships? To achieve its purpose this study will be based on Edmund Husserls theories of phenomenology to interview volunteers about their thoughts, experiences and perceptions of harsh language. It will also be based on Steiner Kvale and Sved Brinkmans descriptions of the semistructured research interview, and Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarkes method of analyzing text to find patterns in my informants interview, and then construct themes with them as a basis. The conclusion is that harsh language is a flexible tool for youth with many applications. Youths perceive harsh language as everyday language with different meanings among different friend groups, which makes it easier for them to express themselves. The youths mention how they are influenced by others in their company to themselves use harsh language, which not everyone is happy about. They do not take offense to harsh language from friends, because they know that there is no ill intent. The same sentiments do not apply among strangers. Therefore they are careful with their language among new people they meet. However, if two people share the same perception of a words meaning, it’s a sign of their friendship and their belonging to the same circle of friends.

This diploma thesis provides information about the fact whether there is possible a social rehabilitation for convicted persons sentenced to the lifelong imprisonment. In the theoretical part I deal with an issue of a punishment, what consequences the punishment has and with a prison environment associated with it. The next chapter consists of the treatment programme. With an imposition of the exceptional sentence there is undoubtedly connected also an explanation of the criminal activity, for which this penalty has been imposed. The last part of the theoretical part is focused on the social rehabilitation of convicts and an after-sentence care.The research part presents a quantitative and qualitative research that I carried out through a questionnaire survey and interviews. There are described characteristics of the research population and sample in this part. Further I present results of the data obtained and information about the fact whether the social rehabilitation of the lifelong-sentenced prisoners is real. The data collection took place in the months of March and April 2012 through questionnaires and interviews. The research was conducted in the high-security prison in Valdice. There were chosen the prison department E for the lifelong-sentenced prisoners and this prison staff. In total 20 questionnaires were distributed, the return made up 100%. Four employees of the prison were addressed. There were determined 5 hypotheses and 2 research questions. The first hypothesis presumed that more than 50% of lifelong-sentenced believe that their conviction to the lifelong imprisonment is unfair. The performed research disproved this hypothesis. The second hypothesis stated that working activities helped prisoners to manage their stay in the prison, this hypothesis was confirmed. The third hypothesis stated that more than 50% of life-sentenced considered the treatment programme sufficient for their social rehabilitation. The research confirmed this hypothesis. The fourth hypothesis stated than more than 50% of the prisoners had been changed by their stay in the prison, the hypothesis was confirmed. The fifth hypothesis was that the lifelong-sentenced prisoners did not suffer by any remorses. This hypothesis was disproved in the research. Answers to research questions were carried out in the research section.

The Self-Administered Interview© (SAI©) is an eyewitness interviewing tool designed to help protect eyewitness memory and elicit a comprehensive initial statement (Gabbert, Hope, & Fisher, 2009). Early research shows promising results in general adult samples. Whether the SAI© is an effective tool for older adult witnesses has not yet been fully addressed. Older adults will become increasingly important as a witness population in the future, yet perform worse compared to young adults. Some attempts have been made to aid older adult witnesses, but an easy-to-apply and effective method is yet to be introduced. This dissertation presents an overview of current knowledge on eyewitnesses and provides a theoretical basis for the empirical chapters. It further presents results of a systematic review and several meta-analyses on the effectiveness of the SAI© as a means to enhance eyewitness testimony. The meta-analyses cover 38 experimental comparisons from 22 empirical studies representing 1712 interviewees. Results indicate a strong benefit of the SAI both immediately after the witnessed crime (d = 1.20) and in a delayed recall (d = 0.92 compared to no initial recall) after one to three weeks. The third large chapter of this dissertation presents the results of an experiment that investigated the effectiveness of the SAI© for older witnesses’ testimony, suggestibility and lineup performance. 144 participants, half of which were 60 years or older and half aged 18-30 years, took part in two sessions. In the first session, they were shown a film of a staged crime and either filled in the SAI©, gave a written free recall or no initial recall. In the second session after one week they were then asked to give a free recall of what they remembered, answer questions including suggestive questions, and also to identify the perpetrator from the film from a 6-person simultaneous photo lineup. Results confirm the classic SAI© effect for young adults, show a small beneficial effect for older adults and also indicate a beneficial effect for lineup performance for the first time.