Estimant qu'il est nécessaire de fonder la valeur intrinsèque de la nature et constatant l'insuffisance des pistes tracées par Baird Callicott pour ajuster son axiologie subjective moderne à un cadre de pensée postmoderne, j'entreprends de repenser ses notions de sujet et de valeur intrinsèque afin d'y intégrer non seulement l'invalidation écologique-quantique d'une séparation tranchée entre sujet et objet, mais également des éléments prégnants de la pensée postmoderne :la contextualisation, le constructivisme, et l'aperspectivisme découlant de ces deux traits (la pensée ne peut plus indûment privilégier une perspective particulière). <p>J'utilise pour cela comme outil heuristique la théorie intégrale de Ken Wilber, et mets à profit une série d'analyses et de concepts novateurs inscrits dans une post-métaphysique intégrale, afin de proposer une voie de dépassement au dualisme inhérent à l'axiologie de Callicott et d'équilibrer son approche foncièrement matérielle de l'ontologie morale et du soi relationnel par et au sein d'un holisme intégral (extérieur et intérieur). Celui-ci repose sur la ré-introduction des intériorités du monde :le holisme n'est en effet pas simplement un multiplexe de relations internes entre surfaces matérielles mais également, et nécessairement, le multiplexe des relations intérieures qui co-constituent toute entité, tout holon. <p>Un holon désigne un tout-partie – à la fois entièreté persistante en relation avec d'autres entièretés et partie constituante d'une entièreté plus profonde – qui possède donc intrinsèquement une dimension individuelle et une dimension collective. Celles-ci se doublent de dimensions extérieures (aspects du holon accessibles à l'observation par les sens physiques ou leurs extensions) et intérieures (aspects du holon qui échappent à l'observation matérielle et requièrent, pour leur appréhension, dialogue et interprétation). <p>Je préconise d'intégrer aux notions de sujet et de valeur intrinsèque ces quatre dimensions co-constitutives de tout holon, irréductibles les unes aux autres, et nécessairement impliquées pour tout référent. L'intersubjectivité, littéralement intrinsèque à tout rapport au monde comme à tout référent, en elle-même irréductible à des composantes matérielles, représente le dépassement des dualismes modernes en même temps que la ré-introduction en propre de l'intériorité inhérente du monde. Atomisme et holisme sont transcendés en une approche intégrale qui réinscrit, en regard des relations internes entre surfaces matérielles, les relations intérieures qui les agencent. Par le biais de la théorie intégrale de Wilber, je propose donc de réconcilier l'axiologie de Callicott et sa théorie de la valeur intrinsèque de la nature avec un cadre de pensée postmoderne réhabilitant les intériorités du vivant. <p>--------------- <p>Considering it necessary to articulate and to ground an understanding of the intrinsic value of nature, and finding that Callicott's proposals for adjusting his modern subjective axiology to a postmodern framework fall short on several accounts, I set about to rethink and reexamine his notions of subject and intrinsic value so as to have them integrate not only the ecological-quantic invalidation of the modern subject-object dichotomy but also some prominent features of postmodern thought :contextualism, constructivism, and, following those, aperspectivism (intenability of unduly privileging a single perspective). <p>To this end, I make use of Ken Wilber's Integral Theory as a heuristic tool and take advantage of several innovative analysis and concepts, set in the context of an integral post-metaphysics, in order to suggest a way of transcending the dualism inherent to Callicott's axiology whilst allowing for the fundamentally material conception of his moral ontology and relational self to be balanced by and within an integral holism (exterior and interior). This means re-introducing the world's interiorities :holism isn't simply about a multiplex of internal relations between material surfaces but also, and necessarily, about the multiplex of interior relations that are co-constitutive of any entity, of any holon. <p>A holon designates a whole-part – both a persisting entirety or whole involved in relations with other entities and a constitutive part of deeper wholes – that intrinsically possesses an individual and a collective dimension. These are both further comprised of exterior (aspects of the holon that are accessible to observation by the physical senses or their extensions) and interior (aspects of the holon that evade material observation and require, for their apprehension, a dialogue and interpretation) dimensions. <p>Intersubjectivity, which is literally intrinsic both to any relation with the world and to the co-creation of any referent, and is in itself irreducible to whatever material component, appears as the fundamental overcoming of modernity's dualisms. Concurrently, a holonic understanding of the notions of subject and of intrinsic value is recommended, such that the main constitutive and irreducible dimensions of any holon become foundational to both these notions. Atomism and holism are transcended into an integral approach that acknowledges the interior relations prominent in giving agency and meaning to the various internal relations between material surfaces focused on by Callicott. Through Wilber's Integral Theory, I thus suggest the means of reconciling Callicott's axiology and theory of the intrinsic value of nature with a postmodern framework that rehabilitates life's interiorities. <p> / Doctorat en Philosophie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The number of students that apply for studies at South African universities has increased dramatically over the past years, but the resources of the universities have stayed the same. It is therefore imperative that academic performance can be predicted on a short- and long-term basis. The Developing Expertise model might be able to predict academic performance on a short- and long-term basis. This study focussed primarily on academic performance on short-term basis by focussing on three of the model’s elements. The three elements that were investigated were: metacognition, intrinsic motivation and critical thinking. One of the contributions of this study is the refinement of some of the elements of the expertise model. The study helped to determine the validity of the instrument in a South African context. The measurement instrument can also be used as a selection meganism on short-term basis. In order to measure each of the elements of the expertise model, a measuring tool consisting of five questionnaires was compiled. A convenience sample of first year psychology students provided 326 students for the study. A second sample, compiled from the original sample, consisting of 209 first year students was used for the multiple regression analyses. These students are registered for psychology for the first time in 2005. The students were placed in three groups according to the student’s means of registering for the CBT centre. The first group was those students who completed the instrument on computers. The second group consisted of those students who completed a paper and pencil version of the measurement. The third group consisted of the Mamelodi students. These students completed a paper and pencil version of the measurement and brought it back a week later. The statistical analysis included factor analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Based on the literature research and the results of the statistical analysis, the expertise model was expanded to include metamemory as the functional unit for metacognition. Motivation can be divided in three subcomponents, namely: self-efficacy, intrinsic value and test anxiety. The motivational component, knowledge of cognition and external control can be used as predictors of academic performance on a short-term basis. The findings of this study can only be used as a selection meganism of academic performance on a short-term basis and therefore the results must be used with caution. / Dissertation (MA (Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Psychology / unrestricted

This diploma thesis is engaging in investing on international stock markets and the main objective was to analyze the profit potential with consideration of possible risks. At first I have characterized international stock market and the theory of effective markets. In the second chapter I was focusing on methods that are used for stock valuations. The third chapter is comparing particular investment strategies that proved to be profitable in a long term. The secondary objective of my diploma thesis was recognition of investment risks, thus the fourth chapter is engaging in market and exchange rate risks. The fifth chapter is focusing on the hedging of exchange rate risk. I was applying obtained theoretical knowledge on a case study about BP company. All the results of the analysis were included in the final investment recommendation. The thoughts of the investment recommendation were then generalized into common investment principles.

The aim of this master`s thesis is to perform fundamental analysis and determine the intrinsic value of Pfizer Inc share. There are three main parts of fundamental analysis - global, industry and company analysis, which includes a financial analysis. Using the chosen methods the value of shares is determined. The calculated intrinsic value is then compared to the market price and the investment recommendation is proposed.

In today's society prevails superior attitude to animals that are seen as mere resources, and this work seeks to highlight this issue . The theoretical part shows where this attitude has its roots and then moves into the context of environmental ethics, while trying to show the views that contradict this position. Practical part is looking for arguments and basis of organizations defending the rights of animals and their possible rapprochement with the protection of nature. The chosen method is to analyze the websites of selected organizations defending the rights of animals, focusing on what the organization published on their websitet and what is missing. The main finding is that the central idea of animal rights organizations is the intrinsic value of animals as beings with a right to a dignified life and with the right to satisfy their natural needs. Protection of the nature on the contrary often prefers to the value of each individual animal the value of nature as a whole. Possible rapprochement with the protection of nature can then be found mainly in areas where there is a distortion of values as both protectino of animals and protection of nature. Key words: animal liberation, animal rights, intrinsic value, protection of animals, protection of nature, organizations defending animal rights

Dans cette thèse, j’explore les modèles de prise de décision basés sur des préférences multiples. Dans la première partie de la thèse, j’analyse certaines des implications de l’adoption des préférences multiples en économie et de différentes façons dont elles peuvent être conceptualisées et utilisées dans ce domaine. En particulier, je révise certaines des conséquences positives et normatives des préférences sur des préférences (chapitre 1), la distinction comportementale entre des modèles de préférences uniques et des modèles de préférences multiples (chapitre 2), et j’introduis un nouveau cadre de choix avec le temps dans lequel les modèles de préférences multiples peuvent être plus facilement caractérisés (chapitre 3). La deuxième partie de la thèse est con- sacrée à l’analyse théorique et empirique du comportement économique qui peut être représenté comme s’il résulte de la prise de décision avec des préférences multiples. En particulier, je construis un modèle pour étudier les effets des préférences multiples sur le comportement politique (chapitre 4) et je mène une étude expérimentale pour distinguer les différentes motivations derrière une potentielle valeur intrinsèque du droit de décision (chapitre 5). / In this thesis I explore decision making models based on multiple preferences. In the first part of the thesis, I analyze some of the implications of adopting multiple preferences in economics and different ways in which they can be conceptualized and used within this field. In particular, I review some of the positive and normative consequences of preferences over preferences (Chapter 1), the behavioral (in)distinguishability of the single and multiple preferences models (Chapter 2), and introduce a new framework of choice with time in which models of changing preferences can be more easily characterized (Chapter 3). The second part of the thesis is devoted to the theoretical and empirical analysis of economic meaningful behavior that can be represented as if it is the result of decision making with multiple preferences. In particular, I build a model to study the effects of multiple preferences to political behavior (Chapter 4), and run an experimental study to distinguish different motivations behind a potential intrinsic value of holding a decision right (Chapter 5).

Diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of the banking industry, which uses the tools of fundamental analysis. The aim of this thesis is to identify and evaluate the characteristics of the banking industry which distinguishes it from the other sectors. The first part deals with the characteristics of the banking sector, to use global and sectoral fundamental analysis. In the second part there is a comparison of the banking sector with other sectors such as commodity companies, cyclical companies and companies engaged in the production and sale of comsumer goods. The third part is the calculation of the intrinsic value of a company Komerční banka, a.s. A dividend discount model, profit models and an Excess return model are used in the third part.

Den här essän avser att ur ett praktisk-filosofiskt perspektiv utforska hur delad närvaro, en unik kvalité hos muntligt berättande, är kopplad till en slags oförställdhet som en god berättare uppvisar. Utifrån egna berättarerfarenheter och Alasdair Macintyres begrepp ’praxis’ analyserar jag ett material från en internationell berättarkonferens ägnad att etablera professionellt muntligt berättande som en egen konstform. Jag jämför berättarens praxis med författarens och skådespelarens, utifrån Peter Goldies teori om narrativt tänkande samt begreppet ’ram’ hämtat från Gregory Batesons teori om lek. Medan en författare är fri att utforma sitt narrativ ur vilket perspektiv som helst, måste en god berättare hålla fast vid sin egen personliga synvinkel – berätta som sig själv – vilket kräver en specifik berättarkompetens: en slags simultankapacitet. Blir narrativet på så vis inramat på rätt sätt och berättandet dessutom är oförställt, kan berättaren dela sin närvaro i berättarrummet och berättelsens värld med åhörarna. Kanske denna delade närvaro kan upplevas som en slags resonans. / This essay explores from a philosophical point of view a connection between ‘shared presence’, a unique value that oral storytelling can attain, and a certain unfeigned quality exhibited by a good storyteller – a form of authenticity as pictured by Alessandro Ferrara. By applying Alasdair Macintyre’s concept of ‘practice’ to a material presented at an international storytelling conference, intended to establish oral storytelling as an art of its own, I compare the practices of a storyteller with those of an author and those of an actor. In so doing I refer to cases from my own experience as a teller. These comparisons are also based on Peter Goldie’s theory on narrative thinking and on Gregory Bateson’s theory of play. Whereas an author is free to construct his narrative from any perspective whatever, I find that a good storyteller must stick to his own self. This calls for a specific competence required for entering into play mode with the listeners. If the narrative is well framed in this sense, and the telling is unfeigned, the teller can simultaneously share his presence in the taleworld and the storyrealm with the listeners. This could be experienced by the participants as a form of resonance.

This thesis deals with the fundamental analysis of stocks of selected European technology companies. This type of analysis is the most widely used method of valuation of the shares. The first part describes the theoretical background of the analysis current economic situation, regression analysis, analysis of corporate shares and methods of intercompany comparison necessary for practical application. In the practical part focuses on the analysis of selected companies and selecting evaluation indicators. Subsequently is determined by corporate analysis the current intrinsic value of the shares. In conclusion, a comparison is made of firms using the methods of intercompany comparison. Based on the results of the analysis will be proposed recommendations for the best investment.