Bakgrund: Idag är alkohol- och drogmissbruk ett av våra största samhällsproblem. Ett missbruk är en sjukdom med överväldigande konsekvenser för missbrukaren men även dess närstående. Socialt stöd från närstående kan minska risken för återfall och gynna behandlingskontinuitet hos personer med missbruk eller beroendeproblem. Syfte: Att belysa hur sjuksköterskan involverar närstående i omvårdnaden av missbrukare. Design: Fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med sjuksköterskor verksamma inom beroendevården utfördes för att belysa deras upplevelser av hur närstående involveras i vården av missbrukare. Resultat: Tre teman kunde utläsas varav ett av dessa fick tre underteman. Dessa var Hinder för involvering (underteman: Besöksförbud, Sekretess och Brist på resurser), Relationer och närstående och Fungerande involvering. Resultatet visade att involvering av närstående fungerade till viss del men att de flesta fynden fanns under temat Hinder för involvering. Samtidigt som viljan att involvera närstående fanns så begränsades sjuksköterskorna av olika hinder. Slutsats: Samtliga sjuksköterskor ansåg att närstående kan ha en viktig del i vården av missbrukare men fann det svårt att involvera dem så ofta som de önskade. De främsta anledningarna till detta var besöksförbudet på avdelningarna, sekretess och brist på resurser. Med bättre förutsättningar och tydligare rutiner på avdelningarna borde sjuksköterskorna på ett bättre sätt kunna involvera närstående i omvårdnaden av missbrukare. / Background: Today, alcohol and drug abuse is one of our biggest social problems. An addiction is a disease with overwhelming consequences for the addict but also its significant others. Social support from people important to the addict can reduce the risk of relapse and promote continuity of treatment in people with substance abuse and dependence problems. Purpose: To illustrate how the nurse involves significant others in the care of addicts. Design: Four semi-structured interviews with nurses working in addiction treatment was performed to illuminate their experience of how significant others are involved in the care of addicts. Results: Three themes could be seen and one of those had three sub-themes. These were Barriers to involvement (sub-themes: Restraining order, Secrecy and Lack of resources), Relationships and significant others and Functional involvement. The results showed that the involvement of significant others was functioning to a certain level but most of the findings could be found under the theme Barriers for involvement. While the desire to involve significant others were there the nurses where limited by various obstacles. Conclusion: All the nurses believed that significant others may have an important part in the care of addicts but found it difficult to involve them as often as they wished. The main reasons for this was the restraining orders of the department, secrecy and lack of resources. With better conditions and clearer routines of the department nurses should be better able to involve significant others in the care of addicts.

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Based on Applied Linguistics, this study aims at pointing evidences of Involving Discourses that surround subjects and that, at the same time, constitute them and aims at interpreting the positionings of Ethos, taken in classroom contexts. In order to do that, a qualitative ethnographic research is carried out, with planned and developed actions within an action-research methodology. The subjects involved in the research are three teachers, who were differently connected to the Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), and students from communities of Jaraguá (a neighborhood of Maceió/Alagoas). The classes, taught by the three teachers, concerns Textual Production in Portuguese language as a mother tongue. It is noticed, in the study carried out, that the Involving Discourses define the positionings taken through beliefs, values, stereotyped expectations, and other elements that, dialogically, organize human relations in a way that constraints actions of greater relative autonomy of the subjects. It is also possible to notice, from the analysis of the linguistic-discursive actions of the subjects, at least three constitutions of Ethos: the Said, the Constituted and the Speculated/Reflected. It is concluded that, in order to have a classroom teaching practice that motivates both students and teachers towards a social/contextual language practice, it is necessary that activities of denaturalization of Involving Discourses and problematization of the objectives that guide the teaching and learning of Portuguese exist. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / Dentro da perspectiva da Linguística Aplicada, este estudo pretende apontar indícios de Discursos Envolventes que circundam os sujeitos, ao mesmo tempo, em que os constituem e interpretar as posturas de Ethos, assumidas em contexto de sala de aula. Para tal, executa-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho etnográfico, com ações previstas e efetuadas dentro da metodologia de pesquisaação. Os sujeitos envolvidos na pesquisa são três professoras, vinculadas de diferentes formas à Universidade Federal de Alagoas, e alunos de comunidades do Jaraguá (bairro da cidade de Maceió/Alagoas). As aulas, ministradas pelas três professoras, são de Produção Textual em Língua Portuguesa enquanto Língua Materna. No estudo efetuado, observa-se que os Discursos Envolventes definem os posicionamentos tomados por meio de crenças, valores, expectativas estereotipadas, e outros elementos que, dialogicamente, organizam as relações humanas de maneira cerceadora das ações de maior autonomia relativa do sujeito. Também é possível observar, pela análise das ações lingüísticodiscursivas dos sujeitos envolvidos, pelo menos três constituições de Ethos: o Dito, o Constituído e o Especular. Conclui-se que, para se efetivar uma prática em sala de aula que motive os alunos e professores a uma prática de uso social/contextual da língua, é necessário que existam atividades de desnaturalização dos Discursos Envolventes e problematização dos objetivos que norteiam o ensino e a aprendizagem da Língua Portuguesa.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A mortalidade por acidentes envolvendo transportes terrestres tem sido alvo de PolÃticas PÃblicas para sua prevenÃÃo e controle.O presente estudo teve por objetivo: Analisar a distribuiÃÃo temporal da mortalidade por acidentes envolvendo transportes terrestres no municÃpio de Fortaleza. Trata-se de um estudo avaliativo com delineamento epidemiolÃgico, longitudinal e analÃtico. Os dados foram colhidos a partir do Sistema de InformaÃÃo de Mortalidade. Para a construÃÃo de indicadores, contou-se com dados do IBGE e DETRAN/CE. Os indicadores avaliados foram freqÃÃncias, proporÃÃes, taxa de mortalidade por 100.000 hab e 10.000 veÃculos. Foram utilizados os softwares SPSS 17 e R.10.2. Para avaliar a tendÃncia da mortalidade foram realizadas anÃlises descritivas e analises de inferÃncias. A descriÃÃo das tendÃncias foi realizada atravÃs de grÃficos e tabelas. Para as anÃlises inferenciais foram ajustados modelos lineares generalizados O modelo utilizado apresenta a variÃvel resposta, nÃmero ou taxa de Ãbitos, em funÃÃo das variÃveis explicativas, sexo, tipo do acidente, estado civil, faixa etÃria e PolÃticas publicas, que se resumem em trÃs perÃodos diferentes. Foram utilizados trÃs perÃodos polÃticos de referÃncia, a implantaÃÃo do CÃdigo Brasileiro de TrÃnsito em 1998, PRMAV em 2001e PNU em 2003. O software livre R foi utilizado como ferramenta de ajuste do modelo desejado, o qual englobou tambÃm as interaÃÃes duplas em sua modelagem. As variÃveis categÃricas foram transformadas em fator para satisfazer o ajuste do modelo. A modelagem de Poisson foi testada, porÃm os resÃduos nÃo apresentaram distribuiÃÃo normal. O modelo Gama apresentou-se bem ajustado, com parÃmetros que garantem confiabilidade. Mortalidade de pessoas do sexo masculino foi superior (78,61%),chegando a ser 5,25 vezes maior. TambÃm ficaram evidenciados elevados coeficientes de mortalidade entre os idosos e jovens na faixa etÃria de 25-44 anos. Quanto ao tipo de vitima, o pedestre apresentou maiores taxas de mortalidade, com tendÃncia crescente para o sexo masculino em todos os grupos etÃrios estudados. Nota-se crescimento da mortalidade por acidentes envolvendo motocicletas, com exceÃÃo para o sexo feminino nos grupos etÃrios de 0-4 anos e 65 anos a mais. A modelagem sugeriu que as PolÃticas PÃblicas implantadas nÃo alteraram de forma significante a sÃrie. A que mais se aproximou de nÃveis significantes foi o CÃdigo de trÃnsito(p= 0,07; IC 95%). Houve interaÃÃo entre motociclistas e sexo feminino. A implantaÃÃo adequada das PolÃticas PÃblicas, incluindo a sensibilizaÃÃo da populaÃÃo sÃo apontadas neste estudo como alternativas para buscar convivÃncia pacifica entre pedestres e veÃculos no trÃnsito com vistas a reduÃÃo da mortalidade por acidentes envolvendo transportes terrestres. / Mortality from land transport accidents has been the target of public policies for prevention and control. O present study aimed to: analyze the temporal distribution of mortality from land transport accidents in the city of Fortaleza. This is a study of epidemiological design, and longitudinal analysis. Data were collected from the Mortality Information System. For the construction of indicators, it was told to IBGE data and DETRAN / CE. The indicators were evaluated frequencies, proportions, the mortality rate per 100,000 inhabitants and 10,000 vehicles. We used the SPSS 17 and R.10.2. To assess the mortality trends were analyzed with descriptive analysis and inferences. The description of trends was performed using graphs and tables. For the inferential analysis were adjusted generalized linear models The model presents the response variable, number or rate of deaths, according to the explanatory variables, gender, type of accident, marital status, age and public policies, which can be summarized in three periods different. We used three political periods of reference, the deployment of the Brazilian Traffic Code in 1998, in PRMAV 2001e PNU in 2003. The software R was used as a tool to adjust the desired model, which also encompassed the interactions pairs in your modeling. Categorical variables were transformed into factor to satisfy the fit of the model. The Poisson model was tested, but the waste is not normally distributed. The model range showed well adjusted, with parameters that ensure reliability. Mortality among males was higher (78.61%), getting to be 5.25 times greater. Were also shown high mortality rates among the elderly and young people aged 25-44 years. Regarding the type of victim, the pedestrian had higher mortality rates, with increasing tendency for males in all age groups. Note that growth of mortality from motorcycle accidents, except for females in the age group of 0-4 years and 65 years older. The modeling suggested that the Public Policy implanted did not alter significantly the series. The one closest to the Code has been significant levels of traffic (p = 0.07, 95% CI). There was interaction between motorcyclists and females. The proper implementation of public policies, including raising awareness of the population are evaluated in this study as alternatives to seek peaceful coexistence between pedestrians and vehicles in transit with a view to reducing mortality from accidents involvinginlandtransport

La protéine D393-CD20, codée par un transcrit alternatif du gène cd20 découvert au laboratoire en 2010, est expriméedans les lymphocytes B (LB) tumoraux et surexprimée lors de résistance et rechute aux traitements par Rituximab(Henry et al, Blood 2010).Lors de nos travaux, cinq variants alternatifs de cd20, homologues à la séquence sauvage mais délétés d'une portioninterne, ont été identifiés par séquençage à partir de LB tumoraux. En plus de D393-CD20, 4 nouveaux variantsexistent : D657-, D618-, D480- et D177-CD20.Les variants D657- et D618-CD20 sont faiblement exprimés dans les LB de donneurs sains et surexprimés lors de lasurvenue de pathologies impliquant les LB, alors que D393-CD20 n'est exprimé que dans les LB tumoraux.L'étude par PCR quantitative du profil d'épissage de patients atteints de pathologies B ainsi que chez des donneurssains, a révélé une dérégulation de l'épissage de cd20 lors de la survenue de pathologies impliquant le LB.L'expression spécifique aux LB tumoraux de D393-CD20 suggère une dérégulation spécifique de l'épissage lors de lasurvenue de cancers, particulièrement au niveau des centres germinatifs.Si nos modèles in vitro de résistance démontrent que la présence de D393-CD20 n'est pas directement associée à larésistance aux AcMo, nous avons montré que ces derniers peuvent moduler l'épissage de cd20 par l'intermédiaire devoies de signalisation intra cellulaires.Ces résultats ouvrent donc la voie à une étude plus approfondie du potentiel biomarqueur et du rôle pronostique de la dérégulation de l'épissage du gène codant CD20, cible prépondérante des stratégies thérapeutiques des pathologies impliquant le lymphocyte B. / D393-CD20 is a protein encoded by an alternatively spliced transcript of human cd20 gene, expressed only on tumoralB lymphocyte (Henry et al, Blood2010).Based on this results, we decided to study the cd20 splicing in pathologies involving B cells.During this work, we identified 5 cd20 alternative transcripts, among them the D393-CD20 variant. The 4 others werenamed according to their size: D657-, D618-, D480- and D177-CD20.D657- and D618-CD20 are weakly expressed in healthy donor and overexpressed in pathologies involving Blymphocytes, whereas D393-CD20 is only expressed in B malignancies.Splicing pattern of patients suffering from pathologies involving B lymphocyte (cancers, auto-immune diseases, EBVinfection) were performed by quantitative PCR, and these patterns revealed a splicing deregulation in these pathologieswith a higher proportion of alternative variants compared with healthy dormors.The observation of a specifie expression of D393-CD20 in tumoral cells suggests a splicing deregulation associatedwith oncogenesis, particularly in lymphoma derived from germinal center.If in our in vitro models, no direct correlation between D393-CD20 expression and resistances to anti-CD20 antibodiestreatments hâve been observed, when shown that these antibodies induced cd20 splicing modulation.These results open the way to a deeper study to determine the interest ofcd20 splicing deregulation as a biomarker, andthe impact of theses deregulations on CD20 protein expression since these protein is a preponderant target of therapeuticstrategies used in pathologies involving B cells.

Many studies on inheritance in barley have been made, but very little progress has as yet been obtained. Barley in many ways is an attractive plant with which to make inheritance studies. Unlike common wheat with 21 chromosome pairs and few distinct characters, barley has only 7 chromosome pairs and consequently only 7 possible linkage groups and many distinct characters that may be readily recognized. The chief difficulty is that many of these characters cannot be readily classified because a number of factors may be responsible for their production. The purpose of this project has been to study in considerable detail the Mendelian inheritance of several character pairs as they appear in barley crosses and to study possible linkage relationships between factors. The characters studied are rough versus semi-smooth awn, black versus white color of the flowering glumes and pericarp, long-haired vergus short-haired rachilla, fertility of the lateral florets and hulled versus naked caryopsis.

A pollen-restorer sugarbeet inbred, developed by four generations of selection of highly fertile plants from a CMS X table beet cross, was studied to determine if a change from sterile to fertile cytoplasm had occurred. Data showed that the fertility expressed by the restorer inbred was the result of genetic factors and not cytoplasmic reversion. Linkage tests with the Rf gene showed independence of the YRB group, m and vi4. A yellow-loaf mutant was inherited as a simple recessive factor. A partial pollen-restorer character, found in the yellow-leaf material, was inherited as a single dominant gene. The restorer factor was independent of yl and m, while the yl gene showed independence of m and B.

In Canada, wrongful convictions arose as a social problem with the rise of the innocence movement throughout the 1990s (Zalman, 2020). Despite its rise as a social problem and the increasing attention it has received in the popular media, there has been a lack of research analyzing exactly how wrongful convictions are constructed. The purpose of this research is to analyze how the claimsmakers present at the Morin Inquiry constructed the wrongful conviction of Guy Paul Morin. The purpose of this analysis is to provide insight into the overall construction of wrongful convictions as a social problem through the examination of the claimsmaking taking place within a typifying example. To accomplish this, a qualitative content analysis of the Commission on the Proceedings Involving Guy Paul Morin, using a social constructionist lens, was conducted. Specifically, this thesis analyzed the contents of the Morin Inquiry using the theory of contextual constructionism as defined by Best (1987, 2013). The findings of this research reveal that: (1) the claimsmakers in the Morin Inquiry constructed Guy Paul Morin’s wrongful conviction as a preventable occurrence caused by a combination of individual wrongdoings and correctible systemic errors; (2) through the construction of blameless victims and blameworthy villains as well as the demonstration that wrongful convictions challenge the legitimacy of the criminal justice system, the claimsmakers were able to demonstrate that Morin’s wrongful conviction was worth addressing; and (3) through the adoption of inquiry recommendations, future wrongful convictions can be prevented, and the legitimacy of the criminal justice system can be restored. Finally, this thesis concludes by discussing implications, contributions and limitations of the findings before presenting ideas for future research.

No description available.

Šis magistro baigiamasis darbas skirtas teismų jurisdikcijų kolizijų civilinėse bylose, turinčiose užsienio elementą, bendrojoje tarptautinėje, užsienio ir Lietuvos teisėje įtvirtintos teisės normų reglamentacijos sukeliamų problemų analizei. Pagrindine tyrimo užduotimi autorius laiko po Lietuvos Respublikos tapimo Europos Sąjungos nare išaugusią užsienio elementą turinčių civilinių ginčų teismų jurisdikcijų teisingo nustatymo instituto svarbą įtvirtinančių tarptautinių, užsienio ir Lietuvos teisės normų nuostatų bei teismų jurisprudencijos įvertinimą bendrame pasauliniame kontekste. Darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmojoje dalyje išryškinama teismų jurisdikcijų kolizijos samprata, jos atskirų kriterijų reikšmė nustatant kompetentingą teismą ir tos teisminės institucijos priimtų sprendimų pripažinimą bei vykdymą. Taip pat detaliai susipažįstama su įvairių valstybių (Vokietijos, Prancūzijos, Lietuvos...) nacionalinių, pasaulinių (UNIDROIT Romos konvencija dėl pavogtų ar neteisėtai išvežtų kultūros objektų...) ir ES (Reglamento 44/2001…) teisės aktų bei Lietuvos Respublikos pasirašytų teisinės pagalbos sutarčių nuostatomis, įtvirtinančiomis civilinių bylų su užsienio elementu priskirtinumą konkrečioms teismų jurisdikcijoms. Antrojoje dalyje susipažįstama su Europos Teisingumo Teismo, Nuolatinio Tarptautinio Teisingumo Teismo, užsienio ir Lietuvos valstybių teisminių institucijų praktika. Aptariant šią praktiką bei pirmojoje dalyje aprašytus kriterijus, įvardijamos daugiausiai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The present thesis is devoted to the analysis of collisions of courts' jurisdictions in civil cases involving a foreign element and the analysis of the problems caused by the regulation of law norms confirmed in General International Law, Foreign Law and Lithuanian Law. After becoming an EU member state, the growth of civil contentions involving a foreign element is noticeable in the Republic of Lithuania. According to the author of this thesis, the main task of the thesis is considered to be the evaluation of the right determination institute of civil law jurisdictions importance confirmed by International, Foreign and Lithuanian Law norms regulation as well as the courts’ jurisprudence in the common world context. The thesis consists of three different parts. In the first part the author emphasizes the definition of collision of the courts’ jurisdiction and the importance of its separate criteria by identification of the qualified court, the recognition of its taken judgments and implementation. After that, national laws of different countries (such as Germany, France, Lithuania, etc.), international (UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects, etc.) and the European Union (EU) (Council Regulation 44/2001, etc.) rules of law as well as some legal provisions from the international legal assistance treaties signed by the Republic of Lithuania, that deals with civil cases’ involving foreign element, attributability to the particular courts will be... [to full text]