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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
141

Modulating Photochromism of Acylated Anthocyanins by Ultraviolet-Visible Excitation and Acylation Patterns for the Expansion of Color Diversification

La, Ellia Hyeseung January 2022 (has links)
No description available.
142

Petunidin Derivatives from Black Goji and Purple Potato as Promising Natural Colorants, and Their Co-pigmentation with Metals and Isoflavones

Tang, Peipei 26 July 2018 (has links)
No description available.
143

Strategies for Efficient Fermentation of Biomass Derived Glucose and Xylose to Ethanol using Naturally Occurring <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

Yuan, Dawei January 2010 (has links)
No description available.
144

Molecular probes for the evaluation of three isomerase enzyme mechanisms in secondary metabolism

Nasomjai, Pitak January 2010 (has links)
This thesis is focused on an investigation of the mechanisms of three enzymatically mediated carbon skeleton isomerisation reactions. Chapter 1 provides an overview of some representative examples of the carbon skeleton rearrangement reactions in enzymology. Chapter 2 describes the preparation and use of fluorolittorines to explore the mechanism of the rearrangement of the tropane alkaloid littorine to hyoscyamine which is a reaction mediated by the cytochrome P450 enzyme. Chapter 3 describes the synthesis of D-ribose-1-phosphonates and the cyclic phosphonates (phostone) that are candidate inhibitors of the enzymatic isomerisation of 5-fluoro-5-deoxy-ribose-1-phosphate (5-FDRP) to 5-fluoro-5-deoxy-ribulose-1-phosphate (5-FDRulP), an important step in fluorometabolite biosynthesis pathway in Streptomyces cattleya. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis of 5-hydroxy-3,4-dioxohexylphosphonate and [5-13C]-5-hydroxy-3,4-dioxohexylphosphonate. These compounds are proposed as candidates for the transition state of the retro-aldol/aldol mechanism of the enzymatic isomerisation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) to 2-C-methylerythitol-phophate-2-phosphate (MEP) in the biosynthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP). The influence of pH on tautomerisation of [5-13C]-5-hydroxy-3,4-dioxohexylphosphonate is also described. Chapter 5 describes the general chemical and biochemical methodologies utilised in this research project.
145

Élaboration et application de matériaux poreux : études théoriques et expérimentales / The novel synthesis of microporous and mesoporous materials and their applications for hydrocarbon transformation and chiral recognition

Wattanakit, Chularat 06 August 2013 (has links)
Dans ce travail nous étudions l’élaboration, la caractérisation et les applications de différents matériaux poreux. L’étude est organisée en trois parties majeures: la synthèse de zéolithes micro/mesoporeux et leur application potentielle dans l’industrie pétrochimique, l’étude théorique de mécanismes réactionnels sur des zeolites microporeux, et le design de métaux mesoporeux avec une chiralité intrinsèque de leur surface interne. Ces matériaux poreux montrent des propriétés excellentes, notamment pour des applications potentielles en catalyse et comme interfaces chirales. / In the present work, the elaboration, characterisation and applications of differentporous materials have been studied. Porous materials are divided into three categoriesdepending on the porous cavity size, namely microporous materials (pore diameter < 2nm), mesoporous materials (2 nm < pore diameter < 50 nm) and macroporous materials(pore diameter > 50 nm). The thesis work is organized in three major parts: the synthesisof hierarchical micro/mesoporous zeolites and their potential application for thepetrochemical industry, the theoretical study of reaction mechanisms on microporouszeolite and the design of mesoporous metals with intrinsic chirality at their inner surface.The hierarchical micro/mesoporous zeolite, composed of microporous andmesoporous features, has been prepared using carbon-silica (C/SiO2) composites derivedfrom a pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gas on silica gel. Our findings demonstrate that not onlythe presence of a high surface area and porosity, but also an improved efficiency of thesematerials for many petrochemical processes such as n-butene isomerization, nhexadecanecatalytic cracking and hydrocracking. The novel synthetic method is expectedto be generalized for other types of zeolites, and is considered to be a promising methodfor creating hierarchical micro/mesoporous zeolites for potential catalytic applications,especially in the petrochemical industry.In addition to the study of practical catalytic aspects, a theoretical approach hasbeen used to investigate potential reaction mechanisms such as the selective isomerizationof 1-butene into isobutene. More specifically, the monomolecular skeletal isomerizationof 1-butene into isobutene on H-FER zeolite was theoretically studied by using theONIOM approach. This process was found to involve the transformation of adsorbed 1-butene through 2-butoxide, isobutoxide, and tert-butyl cation intermediates. The ratedeterminingstep is the conversion of isobutoxide into isobutene, in which the reactionhas to proceed through the primary isobutyl cation transition state. The shape selectivitydue to the “nano-confinement” effect of the zeolite framework strongly affects theadsorption, the stability of alkoxide species and carbenium ion, as well as the skeletalisomerization mechanism of 1-butene.Moreover, the microporous and mesoporous zeolite, the generation of chiralmesoporous metal and its enantioselective recognition properties have been studied.Molecular imprinting (MI) is a major approach for generating materials withenantioselective properties. In this work, a chiral imprinted mesoporous platinum hasbeen obtained by the electrochemical reduction of platinum salts in the simultaneouspresence of a lyotropic liquid crystal phase and chiral template molecules. The resultingmaterials exhibit not only a dramatic increase in active surface area due to theirmesoporosity, but also a significant discrimination between two enantiomers of a chiralprobe, confirmed by both electrochemical and enantioselective adsorption experiments.Most importantly the porous platinum retains its chiral character even after removal of thechiral template molecule. Our findings could lead to the development of new materials,which are of potential interest for applications in areas such as chiral synthesis, sensors,separation, purification and drug development.
146

Characterization by model reactions of modified EUO and MWW zeolites / Caractérisation par réactions modèles de zéolithes EUO et MWW modifiées

Martins, João Pedro Lourenço 26 October 2012 (has links)
L'EU-1 et la MCM-22 sont deux zéolithes à taille de pores intermédiaire, utilisées respectivement pour l'isomérisation de la coupe C8 aromatique et l'alkylation du benzène par des oléfines légères. Leurs propriétés catalytiques originales sont dues à une contribution très importante des sites acides localisés sur leur surface externe. Au cours de ce travail, différentes approches ont été envisagées pour augmenter la quantité ou la proportion de ces sites aux dépends des sites internes. Tout d'abord, une série de zéolithes H-EU-1 partiellement échangées par du sodium a été préparée et caractérisée par voie physicochimique et par des réactions modèles. Comme attendu, l'échange s'accompagne d'une diminution de la concentration en sites acides de Brönsted. Toutefois, une augmentation importante de la quantité de sites acides très forts a été observée pour des taux d'échange de 26 à 35 % et corrélée à l'augmentation de l'activité en craquage du méthylcyclohexane. Par ailleurs, les conversions du m-xylène et du 1,3,5-triméthylbenzène diminuent rapidement pour de faibles taux d'échange, ce qui pourrait s'expliquer par un échange préférentiel des sites acides externes, également mis en évidence dans le cas de zéolithes MCM-22. Enfin, une nouvelle zéolithe de la famille MWW a été synthétisée et caractérisée. Cette zéolithe possède une acidité totale similaire à celle de la MCM-22, mais une proportion de sites acides externes beaucoup plus importante, conduisant à une activité beaucoup plus grande en transformation du m-xylène et du 1,3,5-triméthylbenzène. Cette nouvelle zéolithe pourrait donc constituer une alternative intéressante à la zéolithe MCM-22 en alkylation du benzène. / EU-1 and MCM-22 are two 10-ring zeolites used in petrochemical applications such as C8-aromatic cut isomerization and benzene alkylation with short olefins. In all these processes, the original catalytic behaviors of both zeolites are characterized by an important contribution of the acid sites located over the external surface of their crystals. In this work, different methods were investigated in order to increase the amount or the proportion of these acid sites at the expense of those located inside the pores. Firstly, a series of partially Na-exchanged H-EU-1 was prepared and fully characterized through physicochemical techniques and model reactions. As expected, the exchange led to a gradual decrease in the total Brönsted site concentration. Nevertheless, an increase of the concentration in very strong acid sites was obtained for exchange ratio between 26 and 35%, leading to a significant increase of the activity in methylcyclohexane transformation. On the other hand, m-xylene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (135-TMB) conversions decreased rapidly at low exchange ratio, which was attributed to a preferential exchange of the external acid sites. This latter phenomenon was also observed over Na-exchanged H-MCM-22 zeolites. Secondly, a new zeolite belonging to the MWW family was synthesized and characterized. This zeolite was shown to possess the same acid site concentration than MCM-22 zeolite but with a much higher proportion of external sites. In consequence, it exhibited a very high catalytic activity in both m-xylene and 135-TMB transformations. This material could therefore be considered as an alternative to MCM-22 in the benzene alkylation process. / EU-1 e MCM-22 são dois zeólitos de poros intermédios utilizados, respetivamente, na isomerização do corte C8 aromático e na alquilação do benzeno com olefinas leves. As suas propriedades catalíticas originais devem-se a uma importante contribuição dos centros ácidos localizados nas superfície externa. Nesta tese, diferentes abordagens foram investigadas com o objetivo de aumentar a quantidade ou a proporção destes centros ácidos em detrimento dos centros internos. Primeiramente, uma série de zeólitos H-EU-1 parcialmente permutados com sódio foi preparada e caracterizada por via físico-química e por reações modelo. Como esperado, a permuta é acompanhada por uma diminuição da concentração em centros ácidos de Brönsted. Contudo, um importante aumento da quantidade de centros ácidos muito fortes foi obtido para taxas de permuta entre 26 e 35% e correlacionado com um aumento da atividade no cracking do metilciclohexano. Por outro lado, as conversões do m-xileno e do 1,3,5-trimetilbenzeno diminuem rapidamente para baixas taxas de permuta, o que pode ser explicado por uma permuta preferencial dos centros ácidos externos. Este último fenómeno foi igualmente observado no caso do zeólito H-MCM-22 permutado com sódio. Por fim, um novo zeólito pertencente à família MWW foi sintetizado e caracterizado. Este zeólito demonstrou possuir uma acidez total semelhante à do zeólito MCM-22, porém com uma muito maior proporção de centros ácidos externos, conduzindo a uma bastante superior atividade nas transformações do m-xileno e do 1,3,5-trimetilbenzeno. Este novozeólito poderá, portanto, representar uma alternativa interessante ao zeólito MCM-22 na alquilação do benzeno.
147

Real-time studies of coupled molecular switches in photoresponsive materials

Weber, Christopher 16 December 2015 (has links)
Künstliche molekulare Schalter, wie beispielsweise Azobenzole, Diarylethene, Fulgide, Stilbene oder Spiropyrane wurden in den letzten Jahren intensiv erforscht, da sie zur Datenspeicherung, in selbstheilenden Materialien, molekularer Elektronik, Energiespeichern und mikromechanischen Anwendungen eingesetzt werden können. Eine der größten Herausforderungen im Forschungsfeld der molekularen Schalter ist die Frage, wie die Photoreaktion isolierter Moleküle in eine kontrollierte Photoreaktion wohldefinierter supramolekularer Systeme, wie z.B. organischer Dünnfilme oder 3D Nanostrukturen, übersetzt werden kann. Die Integration molekularer Schalter, beispielsweise von Azobenzolen, in supramolekulare Anordnungen kann zu emergenten Phänomenen wie kooperativem Schaltverhalten führen. Kooperatives Schalten bedeutet, dass die energetische Landschaft und daher auch die Isomerisationskinetik eines einzelnen molekularen Schalters von den isomerischen Zuständen benachbarter Schalter beeinflusst werden. Kooperatives Schaltverhalten, oder überhaupt Schaltbarkeit in geordneten Ensembles molekularer Schalter auf Oberflächen bewusst zu erzeugen hat sich allerdings aufgrund von sterischer Behinderung oder Delokalisierung angeregter Zustände als schwierig herausgestellt. Deshalb wäre ein besseres Verständnis der Voraussetzungen für Schaltbarkeit und kooperatives Verhalten molekularer Schalter in supramolekularen Systemen ein großer Schritt in Hinblick auf die Entwicklung von Bauelementen, die auf der gemeinsamen Bewegung molekularer Schalter basieren. Die in dieser Arbeit erzielten Resultate gewähren neue Einblicke in das Verhältnis zwischen der Photoisomerisierung einzelner Azobenzole und der Photoreaktion supramolekularer Systeme, was dabei helfen wird, neuartige und optimierte stimulireaktive Materialien zu entwickeln. / Synthetic molecular switches, such as azobenzenes, diarylethenes, fulgides, stilbenes or spiropyranes, have been intensively investigated in recent times because of their possible use in data storage, self-healing materials, molecular electronics, energy and information storage and optomechanics. One of the biggest challenges in the research field of molecular switches is the translation of the photoresponse of isolated molecules into a controlled photoresponse of well-defined supramolecular systems, such as organic thin films or functional nanostructures. The main focus of this thesis lies on the photoisomerization of multi-azobenzene compounds in different structural environments. Incorporation of molecular switches, for example azobenzene, into supramolecular assemblies can lead to emergent phenomena like cooperative switching behavior. Cooperative switching means that the energetic landscape and thus also the isomerization kinetics of a single molecular switch is influenced by the isomeric state of adjacent switches. However, it has proven difficult to establish cooperative switching behavior or even switching functionality at all in ordered ensembles of molecular switches on surfaces due to steric hindrance or delocalisation of excited states. Therefore, understanding the prerequisites for switching functionality and cooperative behavior of molecular switches in supramolecular assemblies is a crucial step towards the development of devices that make use of concerted motion of molecular switches. This thesis yields unprecedented insight into the relation between the photoisomerization of isolated azobenzenes and the photoresponse of supramolecular systems, which will ultimately help to build novel and optimized stimuli-responsive materials.
148

Nanoparticles of molecular photoswitches based on spin-crossover fe(II) complexes with photoisomerizable ligands / Nanoparticules de photocommutateurs moleculaires bases sur des complexes de fe(II) a conversion de spin et a ligands photo-isomerisables

Nguyen, Luong-Lam 08 October 2014 (has links)
Enquête sur le fer(II) noyau transition de spin centrée métal coordonner avec des ligands photo-actif (isomérisation tran / cis) et l'étude de la lumière induite par le changement de spin conduit ligand (LD-LISC) propriétés en fer(II) fonctionnalisé complexes sous la forme de nanoparticules dispersées dans des films minces transparents. Pour cette étude, nous avons choisi un ensemble de complexes mononucléaires incorporant un ligand bipyridine substitué soit par un groupe méthyle (de la fonction électronique et de la structure) ou un groupe styryle (fonction photoactivable). L'introduction dans la sphère de trois de coordination (forte cas ligand-domaine) ou deux (intermédiaire force ligand-domaine) des ligands bipyridine (avec NCSe- co-ligands) a permis à la modulation de la résistance au ligand champ subi par l'ion métallique dans des systèmes différents. Propriétés de commutation optiques et thermiques des solides ont été étudiés dans les poudres polycristallines et de la dispersion des objets de taille réduite (micro, nanoparticules). Nous avons présenté l'élaboration et l'étude des micro- et nano-particules, complexes Fe(II) mononuclées non-ioniques, y compris ligand bidenté (4,4-méthyl-2,2 'bipyridine, Me₂-bpy) ont été sélectionnés. La synthèse de nano-et micro-objets a nécessité l'adaptation de la méthode (précipitation rapide anti-solvant). Il a été réalisé avec ionique [Fe(L)₃](NCSe)₂ précurseurs en jouant avec l'équilibre chimique pour induire la précipitation de connexes neutre Fe(L)₂(NCSe)₂ espèces. Nano et micro-cristaux de Fe(Me₂-bpy)₂(NCSe)₂ avec des tailles de 56 à 1200 nm ont été caractérisés et très dilués dans des films minces polymères pour optimiser l'absorption de la lumière et de l'étude des processus photocommutation. Fe (Me₂-bpy)₂(NCSe)₂ sous la forme de nano-et micro-particules, traitées dans des films polymères minces ont montré à spin-croisé thermique centrée à des températures supérieures à la température ambiante; pas d'effet significatif de l'environnement a été détectée. Nous avons étudié la réactivité photochimique de la precusors ioniques [Fe(msbpy)₃](NCSe)₂ (msbpy = trans et cis-isomères de 4-méthyl-4'-styryl-2,2 '-bipyridine), a été d'abord sondé en solution. Il a été établi que les cis isomérisation trans de 4-méthyl-4'-styryle 2,2 bipyidine a lieu d'une manière quantitative lorsque le complexe Fe(II) diamagnétique a été exposé à une lumière bleue (405 nm); cette réaction peut être partiellement inversée par une excitation UV. Nous avons élaboré des nanoparticules dérivées croisées sur la base du Fe(II) sont décrits; la commutation de ces particules (60nm) embarqués dans des films minces de PMMA et l'effet LD-LISC sont étudiés. Dans l'environnement très confiné de nanoparticules, la Feᴵᴵ(t-msbpy)₂(NCSe)₂ complexe réagit aussi lors de l'irradiation. La combinaison des UV-Vis, Raman et mesures photomagnétiques des matériaux hautement diluées nous a permis d'analyser l'effet de l'irradiation de lumière et le comportement de commutation état de spin. L'étude de Feᴵᴵ(t-msbpy)₂(NCSe)₂a montré la présence à la température ambiante des différents processus en fonction de la longueur d'onde d'excitation: un procédé de ligand centrée (trans à cis isomérisation, 365 nm) et un métal un centré (entraînant un changement MLCT, 405 nm). / Investigation of the iron(II) metal-centered spin-crossover core coordinate with photo-active ligands (tran / cis isomerization) and study of the ligand-driven light-induced spin change (LD-LISC) properties with functionalized iron(II) complexes in the form of nanoparticles dispersed in transparent thin films. For this investigation, we have selected a set of mononuclear complexes incorporating a bipyridine ligand substituted either with a methyl group (electronic and structural function) or a styryl group (photoactivable function). The introduction in the coordination sphere of three (strong ligand-field case) or two (intermediate ligand-field strength) bipyridine ligands (with NCSe- co-ligands) has allowed the modulation of the ligand-field strength experienced by the metal ion in different systems. Optical and thermal switching properties of solids have been investigated in polycrystalline powders and in dispersion of size-reduced objects (micro-, nano-particles).We have presented elaboration and study of micro- and nanoparticles, non-ionic mononuclear FeII complexes including bidentate ligand (4,4’-methyl-2,2’-bipyridine, Me2-bpy) have been selected. The synthesis of nano- and micro-objects has required the adaptation of the method (sudden precipitation in antisolvent). It was achieved with ionic [Fe(L)3](NCSe)2 precursors by playing with chemical equilibrium for inducing the precipitation of related neutral Fe(L)2(NCSe)2 species. Nano- and micro-crystals of Fe(Me2-bpy)2(NCSe)2 with sizes 56-1200 nm were characterized and then highly diluted in polymeric thin films for optimizing light absorption and investigating photoswitching processes. Fe(Me2-bpy)2(NCSe)2) in the form of nano-and micro-particles, processed in thin polymeric films were shown to exhibit thermal spin-crossover centered at temperatures higher than room temperature; no significant effect of environment was detected.We have studied the photochemical reactivity of the ionic precusors [Fe(msbpy)3](NCSe)2 (msbpy = trans- and cis-isomers of 4-methyl-4’-styryl-2,2’-bipyridine,) was first probed in solution. It has been established that the cis to trans isomerization of 4-methyl-4’-styryl-2,2’-bipyidine takes place in a quantitative way when the diamagnetic FeII complex was exposed to a blue light (405 nm); this reaction can be partly reversed with a UV excitation.We have elaborated spin-crossover nanoparticles based on the Fe(II) complexes are described; the switching of these particles (60nm) embedded in PMMA thin films and the LD-LISC effect are investigated. In the highly confined environment of nanoparticles, the FeII(t-msbpy)2(NCSe)2 complex also reacts upon irradiation. The combination of UV-Vis, Raman and photomagnetic measurements of the highly diluted materials has allowed us to analyze the effect of light irradiation and the spin-state switching behavior. The study of FeII(t-msbpy)2(NCSe)2 has shown the occurrence at room temperature of different processes depending on the excitation wavelength: a ligand-centered process (trans-to-cis isomerization, 365 nm) and a metal-centered one (resulting in a MLCT change, 405 nm).
149

Dynamics and Photodynamics of Acetylacetone in para-Hydrogen matrices / Dynamique and Photodynamique de l' Acetylacetone en matrice de para-Hydrogene

Lozada-Garcia, Rolando 12 December 2012 (has links)
L’acétylacétone (AcAc) existe sous deux formes tautomères, énol et kéto. Sous sa forme énol chélaté, c’est une des molécules les plus simples présentant une liaison hydrogène intramoléculaire. Nous l’avons isolée dans la matrice « quantique » de parahydrogène (pH2) pour étudier ses propriétés en bénéficiant des avantages spécifiques de ce solide cryogénique. Les spectres infrarouges apportent une caractérisation claire des formes énol et kéto. Le rapport kéto/énol est plus important en matrice de pH2 que dans les autres matrices. Les bandes du kéto sont fines alors que certaines bandes de l’énol sont très larges à cause de la présence de la liaison hydrogène. Plusieurs bandes s’affinent très lentement avec le temps. Cet effet surprenant a été interprété en terme de conversion nucléaire de spin dans un groupement méthyle d’AcAc, donnant accès aux spectres de niveaux de torsion différents. Les résultats offrent alors un nouveau moyen d’investigation des mouvements de grande amplitude de la molécule (mouvements couplés de torsion des méthyles et du transfert d’hydrogène interne). La photolyse UV des matrices AcAc/pH2 a été étudiée. Une irradiation à 266 nm conduit à l’isomérisation de l’énol sous différentes formes non chélatées ; des spectres très bien résolus de ces formes sont obtenus grâce aux propriétés du pH2 solide. En irradiant à 248 nm, on observe la tautomérisation vers la forme kéto, l’étude cinétique démontrant que le processus n’est pas direct à partir de l’énol chélaté. Enfin, une irradiation à 193 nm provoque la fragmentation de la molécule, processus qui peut être suivi de réactions avec l’hydrogène de la matrice. / Acetylacetone (AcAc) exists as a mixture of enol and keto tautomers. Besides providing a good example for the study of tautomerization, it is a model system for investigating intramolecular hydrogen bonds in its enol form. Trapping AcAc in the soft para-Hydrogen (pH2 ) environment brings out new opportunities to investigate its properties. Infrared spectra of the samples give a good characterization of the two stable enol and keto tautomers. The keto/enol ratio in solid pH2 is found to be higher than in other matrices. While vibrational bands of keto are narrow, those of enol are broad, reflecting the intrinsic properties of the enol which exhibits three entangled large amplitude motions (two methyl torsions and the intramolecular hydrogen transfer). Surprisingly, narrowing of some of these bands is observed in a slow time evolution. This effect is interpreted as a consequence of nuclear spin conversion in the hydrogen atoms of the methyl groups, giving access to AcAc species differing by their nuclear spin symmetry. This offers new pertinent investigations on the large amplitude motions, especially on the intramolecular hydrogen transfer. AcAc/pH2 samples have been irradiated by UV laser beams. Irradiation at 266 nm induces isomerization from the stable chelated enol form to non chelated conformers, similarly to the case of other matrices. A clear IR signature of the conformers is obtained thanks to the pH2 host. Irradiation at 248 nm induces the enol/keto tautomerization. The kinetics of this interconversion highlights a non-direct process. Fragmentation is clearly observed under irradiation at 193 nm, followed by chemical reaction with the hydrogen host.
150

Nous complexos mono- i dinuclears de ruteni amb lligands polipiridílics i de tipus fosfina. Síntesi, caracterització i aplicacions catalítiques

Mola i Marín, Joaquim 27 June 2008 (has links)
La Tesi descriu de manera completa una sèrie de complexos de ruteni amb lligands polipiridílics i lligands auxiliars de tipus fosfina, dmso, nitril o aquo. Es descriuen estudis d'isomerització (cis/trans o coordinació meridional/facial) en complexos mononuclears, a partir de tècniques espectroscòpiques. Els resultats experimentals es corroboren a partir de càlculs DFT. S'han fet també estudis d'activitat catalítica en transferència d'hidrogen per als complexos Ru-fosfina. S'han sintetitzat també complexos dinuclears de ruteni amb el lligand tetradentat Hbpp i s'ha avaluat llur activitat en la catàlisi d'oxidació d'aigua, determinant la importància de la correcta orientació relativa dels centres actius Ru=O. L'heterogeneïtzació dels complexos sobre suports conductors permet avaluar llur activitat en fase heterogènia, millorant respecte el corresponent procés en dissolució. La co-polimerització dels catalitzadors amb espècies de tipus metalocarborà, amb major dilució del catalitzador i minimització de la sobreoxidació, millora notablement els resultats, permetent diverses reutilitzacions. / A number of ruthenium complexes having polypyridilic ligands together with phosphine, dmso, nitrile or aquo ligands are described. Isomerization processes (cis/trans or meridional/facial coordination) are studied for mononuclear complexes through spectroscopic techniques. The experimental results are confirmed by DFT calculations. Catalytic activity in transfer hydrogen reactions have also been evaluated for Ru-phosphine complexes. Dinuclear complexes containing the tetradentate Hbpp ligand have also been synthesized, and their catalytic activity in water oxidation catalysis has been tested, concluding that a right relative orientation of the active Ru=O sites is a key factor. Heterogenisation of catalysts over conducting supports allows evaluating their activity in heterogeneous phase, showing an improvement with regard to systems in solution. The co-polymerization of catalysts with metallocarborane monomers, involving higher catalyst dilution and minimization of sobreoxidation processes noticeably improves the results, also allowing several reutilizations.

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