Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:34:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 marques_g_me_assis.pdf: 488095 bytes, checksum: 8c500b114e9b64f9b7bf92fc31f6660f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho pretende realizar uma análise comparativa dos romances São Bernardo (1934), do escritor brasileiro Graciliano Ramos (1892-1953), e Pedro Páramo (1955), escrito pelo mexicano Juan Rulfo (1918-1986), com o fim de demonstrar como se dá o processo de construção do espaço que permeia tais obras, procurando, com isso, explicitar as analogias e os contrastes entre as duas obras, a partir da percepção de que ambas projetam, no processo de construção do espaço, lugares que revelam conflitos sociais, psicológicos e existenciais do homem em confronto com sua origem e seu destino. O espaço em ambos os romances é construído por uma linguagem poética que prima por recursos de composição técnica e estrutural inovadores o que aproxima, entre outras coisas, as obras desses dois grandes expoentes da literatura latino-americana que, dessa maneira, retrataram a complexidade das sociedades da América Latina, simbolizadas num espaço rural emblemático que expressa, em perspectiva poética e sem caráter documental, diversas facetas da realidade. / El presente trabajo propone a desarrollar un análisis comparativo entre las novelas São Bernardo (1934), del brasileño Graciliano Ramos (1892-1953), y Pedro Páramo (1955), del mexicano Juan Rulfo (1918-1986), con el objetivo de demostrar cómo se articula el proceso de construcción del espacio en dichas obras, tratando de explicitar las similitudes y contrastes entre ellas, desde la percepción de que ambas proyectan, en dicho proceso, los lugares que revelan los conflictos sociales, psicológicos y existenciales del hombre en la confrontación con su origen y su destino. El espacio en ambas novelas se articula en un lenguaje poético que da primacía a los recursos de la composición técnica y estructural innovadores. Ello, entre otros aspectos, acerca a las obras de estos dos grandes exponentes de la literatura latinoamericana que, al hacerlo, describen la complejidad de las sociedades en América Latina, simbolizado, en un espacio rural emblemático que expresa en perspectiva poética y sin carácter documental, los diversos aspectos de la realidad.

Dans cette recherche doctorale, nous analysons le traitement de la violence dans la production dramatique de Juan Mayorga et tentons de montrer en quoi la violence est non seulement un thème fondamental de son théâtre mais également un des piliers de sa dramaturgie. Notre travail repose sur une étude de la violence à travers la formation intellectuelle et théorique de Juan Mayorga, docteur en philosophie, spécialiste du penseur judéo-allemand Walter Benjamin et fin connaisseur de la pensée philosophique post-Auschwitz (entre autres Hannah Arendt, Hans Jonas, Paul Ricœur, Emmanuel Levinas). Nous procédons ensuite à des analyses dramaturgiques sur un corpus de pièces choisies afin de délimiter les lignes de force de son théâtre et d’étudier la manière dont la violence modélise l’architecture d’ensemble de son œuvre. À travers ces analyses, nous réussissons à déterminer les procédés dramaturgiques qui font de ce théâtre de la violence un théâtre paradoxalement non violent, où la fascination cède la place à la raison et à la critique. / In this doctoral research, we analyse the treatment of violence in the dramatic production of Juan Mayorga and we try to show at what point violence is not only an essential aspect of his theatre but also one of the foundations of his dramaturgy. Our work is based, first, on a study of violence through the intellectual and theoretical formation of Juan Mayorga, Doctor of philosophy, specialist in the Jewish-German thinker Walter Benjamin and a great expert on post-Auschwitz philosophical thought (among whom the philosophers Hannah Arendt, Hans Jonas, Paul Ricoeur and Emmanuel Levinas can be found). Subsequently, we analyse several of his plays in order to delineate the lines of force of his theatre and study how the violence models the overall architecture of his work. Through these analyses, we manage to determine the dramaturgical procedures that make this theatre of violence a paradoxically non-violent theatre, in which fascination is replaced by reason and criticism.

In 1541 Doctor Juan Negrete arrived in Mexico, the first lay professor of theology, and who was also named the archdeacon of the new cathedral. Twelve years later he participated as the first rector in the inauguration of the Royal University of Mexico, and a few months before he died in 1555 he also taught theology there. Several documents relating to Negrete, many of them unpublished, reveal the internal difficulties which the first bishop and the cathedral chapter experienced as they attempted to lay the basis for the secular aspects of the church. Negrete, instead of being a factor of cohesion in the chapter, was the source ofdivisions and conflicts given his disorderly life style and propensity to speak ill of others and initiate rumors. He created many enemies and instigated proceedings which often led to prison. His case in particular reveals the ambivalent nature of many personalities who participated in the creation of Spanish institutions in the newly conquered lands. / En 1541 llegó a México el doctor Juan Negrete, el primer catedrático secular deTeología, quien tenía el nombramiento adicional de arcediano de la naciente iglesia catedral. Doce años después, participó en la inauguración de la Real Universidad de México en calidad de primer rector, y pocos meses antes de morir, en 1555, también enseñó Teología en dicha institución. Diversos documentos relacionados con Negrete, en su mayoría inéditos, nos revelan las dificultades internas que debieron sortear el primer obispo y cabildo eclesiástico de México para asentar la Iglesia secular. Negrete, antes que factor de cohesión en el cabildo,fue causa de divisiones y conflictos, debido a su disipado estilo de vida y, especialmente, a su carácter, inclinado a la maledicencia y a la murmuración, y fuente de enemistades, procesos y cárceles. Su caso muestra también la ambivalencia de no pocas personalidades que participaron en la creación de las instituciones peninsulares en los territorios de conquista.

Este trabalho de tradução e sobre tradução de Don Juan de lorde Byron pode ser dividido em duas partes: a primeira cuida das especificidades de autor, sua vida, obra, fortuna crítica, assim como o tratamento do mito de Don Juan na obra byroniana, além de um estudo descritivo das traduções de Don Juan de lorde Byron publicadas no Brasil. A segunda, compõe-se de comentários à guisa de introdução à tradução de Don Juan, e da tradução dos Cantos I, II, III e IV para a língua portuguesa, feita em versos, na mesma estrutura estrófica do original, abalizada por uma pletora de notas a respeito do texto e dos vieses tradutórios. / This work of the translation and on the translation of Lord Byrons Don Juan can be divided into two parts: the first examines Byron\'s characteristics, life, work, literary criticism, as well as Byron\'s treatment of the myth of Don Juan, besides making a descriptive study of the translations of Don Juan of Lord Byron published in Brazil. The second part contains comments on the translation of Don Juan, the translations of Cantos I, II, III and IV, done in verse, in the same formal structure as the original, supplemented by a large number of notes on the text and background.

Este trabalho busca demonstrar a possível aproximação entre as fotografias e a narrativa de Juan Rulfo, em especial do romance Pedro Páramo, a partir da análise de três conceitos presentes em ambas obras, a saber, tempo, morte e história. A aproximação tem em conta as especificidades de cada uma das expressões artísticas desenvolvidas por Rulfo e não toma a sua fotografia como uma ilustração da narrativa ou vice-versa, como é comum ocorrer nas análises comparativas de suas obras. A análise dos conceitos abordados em uma e outra expressão artística do escritor-fotógrafo demonstra a problematização das mesmas questões tanto em suas fotografias como em sua narrativa a partir de abordagens distintas e, por vezes, oferecendo concepções contraditórias. A presença destes três conceitos nas produções artísticas de Juan Rulfo permite entrever que as questões que movem o seu trabalho artístico são análogas e que, através delas, podemos analisar sua obra como um todo. / This research works to demonstrate the possible approximation between Juan Rulfoss photography and narrative, specially in the novel Pedro Páramo, from the analysis of three concepts present in both his oeuvre: time, death and history. This approach considers the specificity of each of the artistic expressions developed by Rulfo what avoids thinking about the photographs as illustrations of the narrative or vise versa. The analysis of the concepts addressed in both artistic expressions of the writer-photographer demonstrates the questioning of the same issues both in the photographs and in the narrative from distinct perspectives, what, sometimes, offers contradictory conceptions. However, the presence of these three concepts in Rulfos artistic oeuvre allows us to detect that the questions that motivate his work are analogous and there through we can analyze his work as a whole.

Geóloga / La isla Robinson Crusoe (33°39 S/78°50 W) es una clásica isla oceánica asociada a un hotspot, perteneciente a la cadena volcánica de la dorsal de Juan Fernández (JFR), en la placa de Nazca. La historia geológica de esta isla incluye una fase de crecimiento rápido y procesos erosivos que han desmantelado parte de la estructura volcánica. Ambos factores son propios del desarrollo insular y, por ello, un análisis geomorfológico permitiría comprender aspectos importantes de su evolución. En el presente estudio, se realizan análisis de batimetrías de alta y baja resolución, y de MSD de la isla que, junto con observaciones en terreno, cálculo de parámetros geomorfométricos, estimación de tasas y análisis de knickpoints, permiten determinar algunos de los procesos ocurridos durante la evolución de la cadena volcánica y, en particular, de Robinson Crusoe. La dorsal se presenta con volcanismo episódico, con tasas totales de producción de 3,4 x 103 km3/Ma, con una primera fase eruptiva menos voluminosa, luego un gap de 220 km y un reinicio de la actividad volcánica continua, formando una cadena lineal, con tasas de 4,5 x 103 km3/Ma. Presenta tres islas, tres guyots, once montes submarinos grandes y, al menos, cinco montes pequeños (<1000 m). Además, presenta progresión de edades de sus edificios volcánicos y subsidencia. Todas estas características resultan típicas de cadenas volcánicas submarinas sobre placas de rápido movimiento. RC, edificio volcánico de Robinson Crusoe y Santa Clara, es el más grande de la cadena volcánica. Este ha sufrido un intenso proceso erosivo, se encuentra en las fases finales de erosión subaérea y está cercano a convertirse en una isla arrasada. Su shelf break se encuentra a -510 m del nivel del mar actual, lo que indica tasas de subsidencia total mínimas del orden de 0,08 mm/año, que se puede dar por ajustes isostáticos, enfriamiento de la litósfera y/o desplazamiento desde el hotspot. Se distingue otra plataforma de abrasión más extensa (a -170 y -250 m), una zona de rift con orientación cercana a N-S, un cañón y canales submarinos con continuidad con las cuencas, posibles conos y flujos de lava submarinos, además de cicatrices de deslizamiento y depósitos de remociones en masa. Presenta tasas de erosión totales del orden de 60-90 km3/Ma y tasas de erosión por abrasión marina promedio de 2-2,8 mm/año. Por su parte, la sección emergida de RC representa un 0,2% del volumen total del edificio y sus cuencas tienen tasas de erosión del orden de 100 t/km2año. Aquellas con orientación este presentan mayor desarrollo y desembocan en el nivel del mar, en cambio, las con orientación oeste, terminan en un acantilado y presentan formas anómalas. Tanto estas diferencias como un mayor ancho en la plataforma insular hacia el suroeste y oeste, sugieren que los vientos predominantes condicionarían las características de las olas y corrientes de resaca, y dadas las notorias diferencias, la abrasión marina tendría un rol principal en la erosión de la isla y formación de la plataforma insular. Esto, junto con diferencias de precipitación debido a variaciones en la altura topográfica y a la existencia de cambios eustáticos, indicaría una estrecha relación entre el sistema climático y la evolución de la isla.

The crustal structure of a young (<10 My) ocean basin is imaged by two multichannel seismic reflection lines comprising 230 km recorded over the central part of the northern Juan de Fuca plate off western Canada. The more northerly line ties previously interpreted deep seismic reflection lines across the Juan de Fuca ridge and the Cascadia subduction zone; the southern line ties with another interpreted line across the subduction zone. Both lines trend obliquely to the spreading direction. A marine refraction profile crossing the eastern end of the lines provides velocity constraints. The processing sequence applied to the data includes a prestack inside-trace mute of CMP gathers to reduce noise levels on the deep data, CMP stack, post-stack dip filtering, f-k migration and bandpass. Coherency-filtered stacks are helpful in tracing weaker reflectors. The stacked sections reveal a horizontally layered sedimentary sequence overlying a rugged and prominent basement reflector dipping slightly landward. A strong, fairly continuous reflection from the base of the crust at about 2 s two-way-time below the basement surface generally mimics the basement topography and shows the characteristic doubling and tripling of reflections seen in other similar surveys. Although in general the crust appears acoustically transparent, weaker, discontinuous intracrustal reflectors are observed over 40 km at the eastern end of the northern line, and are interpreted to arise from the oceanic Layer 3A/3B and Layer 2/3 boundaries. The im-persistence of these reflectors is an indication of the complexity of the processes producing intracrustal reflectivity, and an indication of the lateral variability of crustal formation. Pseudofault traces of propagating rifts are crossed at three different locations on the two lines, the first MCS crossings of such structures. Crust associated with the pseudofault traces is related to both subhorizontal and dipping subcrustal events which are interpreted as zones of crustal thickening or underplating. Although the crustal thickness elsewhere on the lines varies by only about 10%, crust associated with the pseudofaults is as much as about 25% thicker than average, suggesting that magma supply at transform-type offsets may at times be large. A small seamount discovered on the southern line may result from the excessive magma production at the ridge postulated at propagating rift zones. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

The Endeavour Ridge is a segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, an active spreading centre which lies off western North America between the Pacific and Juan de Fuca plates. This segment is a bathymetric high and a site of hydrothermal activity—both characteristics suggest an underlying heat source such as an axial magma chamber which is associated with crustal generation. To investigate the creation and evolution of oceanic crust, a detailed refraction survey was carried out over the Endeavour Ridge in the fall of 1985. As a component of this survey, a diamond-shaped array consisting of eight OBS along a 20-km line across the ridge and two OBS placed along it at distances of 10 km on either side of the cross-ridge line was deployed to define the shallow crustal structure near and beneath the ridge, especially the possible existence of an axial magma chamber. Airgun shots at 0.2 km intervals along ~300 km of profiles provide conventional reversed and unreversed refraction lines as well as multiple full azimuthal coverage of the region. Travel-time and amplitude data from fifteen in-line airgun profiles recorded on the inner array were forward modelled using an algorithm based on asymptotic ray theory with a starting model obtained from a concurrent study. Two-dimensional models were constructed and then combined to obtain the three-dimensional structure of the region. These models consist of four layers, with the average model correlating well to the classic model of oceanic crust. Layer 2A averages 0.40 km in thickness and has velocities of 2.6 km/s and 2.8 km/s at the top and bottom of the layer, respectively. To achieve such a low velocity, Layer 2A must consist of highly fractured vesicular basalts. A sharp velocity increase to 4.8 km/s marks the transition to Layer 2B. This velocity discontinuity is also visible as a reflector on a. multichannel reflection line obtained through the centre of the study region and is caused by an abrupt decrease in porosity. Layer 2B averages 0.67 km in thickness, has a velocity of 5.4 km/s at its base and consists of less fractured pillow basalts and sheet flows. The Layer 2B-Layer 2C interface is a velocity increase to 5.8 km/s and is the pillow basalt-sheeted dike contact. A small velocity increase from 6.3 to 6.5 km/s delineates the base of the 0.95 km-thick Layer 2C which is the boundary between the sheeted dikes and cumulate gabbros in Layer 3. Layer 3 has the lowest velocity gradient (0.30 s⁻¹) and a velocity of 7.3 km/s at 4.65 km below the seafloor, the maximum depth constrained by the modelling. Lateral heterogeneities on the scale of 2-3 km are superimposed on this basic velocity structure. These heterogeneities are effects of porosity changes, differential pressure changes, and alteration caused by hydrothermal circulation. Layer 2A thins and increases in velocity away from the ridge; ridge-parallel cracks create a velocity anisotropy of ~10-25%, the faster direction parallel to the ridge. Velocities within Layers 2B and 2C also increase by 0.1 km/s away from the axis of the ridge. Layer 3 velocities decrease by 0.1 km/s for arrivals travelling under the ridge. Increased Layer 2 velocities at the ridge crest reveal high lateral velocity constrasts in very young crust, but within 0.03 Ma the oceanic crust at the ridge has matured to the off-ridge structure. No firm evidence exists for a large magma chamber under Endeavour Ridge. Although the bathymetric high and high-temperature hydrothermal discharges are evidence for a magma chamber, the lack of recent sheet flows at the ridge crest and the presence of a rift along the crest indicate the magma chamber is waning and must be of a size (<1 km in width) not resolvable by seismic refraction data. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

Em Glosa (1986), romance do escritor argentino Juan José Saer (1937-2005), a relação privilegiada entre os personagens é a amizade. A (re)construção do vínculo acontece de forma singular ao longo do livro. Esse vínculo influencia nas perspectivas de um grupo de amigos que tentam reconstituir os acontecimentos de uma celebração - um churrasco em que se comemora um aniversário - desde o relato dos protagonistas que não estiveram presentes até as versões dos participantes do evento. Entretanto, as percepções e lembranças da festa não são suficientes para formar uma história próxima do que aconteceu. Pelo contrário, as glosas dos participantes da mesma festa não se complementam e se confirmam, mas se sobrepõem e se contradizem. Sendo assim, a rede de amigos que se encontra para conversar e discutir é o tecido básico sobre o qual as histórias se constroem. A partir disso, analisamos as possibilidades e limites do relato de lembranças compartilhadas e, ao mesmo tempo, múltiplas, como contribuição para o estabelecimento e manutenção de relações de amizade na narrativa, mesmo quando os amigos se dispersam principalmente por causa da última ditadura militar argentina. / In Glosa (1986), a novel by Argentine writer Juan José Saer (1937-2005), the privileged relationship between the characters is the friendship. The (re) construction of this bond happens in an unique way throughout the piece. This affection influences on the perspective of a group of friends who try to reconstitute the moments of a celebration - a barbecue in which a birthday is celebrated - according to the version of the main characters who were not present until the memories of the participants of the event. However, the perceptions of the party are not enough to build a reliable story of what really happened. On the other hand, the points of view about the same party do not complement each other, nor they are fact-checked, but they overlap and contradict each other. So the network of friends who meet to talk and discuss is the basic background in which stories are built. That said, we analyze the possibilities and limits of the narration of these shared and, at the same time, multiple memories as a contribution to the creation and maintenance of the characters friendship in the novel, even when friends are spread out mainly because of the last Argentine military dictatorship.

El Distrito Minero Castaño Nuevo, localizado en el flanco oriental de la región morfoestructural de Cordillera Frontal de San Juan, constituye un sistema complejo donde dos tipos de depósitos epitermales de diferente naturaleza evolucionaron independientemente. La geología del sector comprende una sucesión de rocas volcánicas y piroclásticas que evolucionó desde composiciones andesíticas a riodacíticas, entre los 272,6 ± 2,3 Ma y los 267,6 ± 2,6 Ma (edades U/Pb en circones). Las edades de estas rocas, en conjunto con las características petrográficas y geoquímicas permiten asignarlas a la Formación Vega de Los Machos, la cual representa rocas emplazadas en un arco magmático sobre corteza continental, activo en el Pérmico inferior a medio, y que forman parte de la sección inferior del Grupo Choiyoi. En forma conjunta con la evolución de este vulcanismo, se desarrollaron dos sistemas hidrotermales cuyas características particulares permiten difrenciarlos. En primer lugar, se desarrolló un sistema vinculado a la circulación de fluidos ácidos, representado por texturas tipo vuggy silica, brechas freáticas con fragmentos de vuggy, y depósitos de sílice pulverulenta de tipo steam heated. Las asociaciones de alteración hidrotermal evidencian también el carácter ácido de los mismos, predominando dickita, NH4 illita, jarosita, alunita y sílice. Este sistema presenta una disposición coincidente con un corredor estructural NO-SE, y contiene anomalías de Au, Bi, As, Hg. Estas manifestaciones son cortadas por venillas de cuarzo-turmalina y presentan una alteración sobreimpuesta de turmalina-muscovita, en conjunto con anomalías de Cu-Mo. La edad estaría acotada por una serie de cuerpos intrusivos básicos irregulares, con edad U/Pb en circones de 270,6 ± 3,0 Ma. El segundo sistema hidrotermal presente en el distrito minero es el que reviste mayor importancia. Constituye el resultado de la circulación de fluidos neutralizados, y se manifiesta como vetas epitermales de cuarzo/adularia con mineralización de Au (± Ag), de edades entre 267,0 ± 2,2 y 265,9 ± 2,1 (Ar/Ar en adularia). Las vetas principales se emplazan en fallas de tipo normal y de rumbo, con desarrollo de zonas de apertura donde se reconocieron seis eventos de relleno y brechamiento, que evidencian fluctuaciones en las velocidades de ascenso de los fluidos. Dichos eventos fueron agrupados en episodios de acuerdo a su relación con la mineralización. Asimismo, se registran variaciones en las temperaturas de formación del cuarzo que compone a cada uno de los eventos y se identifican procesos de enfriamiento normal, ebullición sutil y ebullición violenta. El proceso de ebullición constituye el mecanismo principal de precipitación de la mena en las vetas del distrito, caracterizando a los episodios sin- y post-mineralización. La alteración hidrotermal vinculada a estas estructuras es reducida espacialmente, y las asociaciones de minerales reflejan condiciones de pH neutro. La relación Ag/Au para estos sistemas vetiformes es inferior a 10, lo que permite catalogarlos como depósitos epitermales auríferos. Las manifestaciones hidrotermales identificadas en el Distrito Minero Castaño Nuevo forman parte del Cinturón Metalogenético Gondwánico asociado al magmatismo del Grupo Choiyoi. Constituyen dos sistemas epitermales desarrollados en distintos niveles corticales, con anomalías moderadas de oro, cuyo estudio y correcto entendimiento son de gran importancia a escala local y regional. / The Castaño Nuevo Mining District, located on the eastern side of Cordillera Frontal, San Juan province, consists on a complex system where two different epithermal deposits with distinct characteristics evolved independently. The studied area comprises volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks that were extruded between 272.6 ± 2.3 Ma and 267.6 ± 2.6 Ma (Zircon U/Pb dating). The ages of these rocks in addition to the petrological and geochemical characteristics, allow to assign this sequence to the Vega de los Machos Formation, which was interpreted as the result of a magmatic arc evolution developed during Lower to Medium Permian, and make up the lower part of the Choiyoi Group. Together with the volcanism, two hydrothermal systems of different nature have evolved. The first one was developed from acidic fluids, and produced vuggy silica textures, phreatic breccias with vuggy fragments and steam heated-type alteration. Hydrothermal mineral assemblages also reflect fluid acidity, the main minerals associated are dickite, NH4 illite, jarosite, alunite and quartz. The distribution of these features is controlled by a NO-SE structural corridor, where anomalous values of Au, Bi, As and Hg are registered. The previous manifestations are cut by quartz-tourmaline veinlets, overprinting the acidic clays and involving Cu-Mo anomalies. The age of the whole system has not been determinated directly, but could be restricted by the age of the intrusion of irregular andesitic bodies (270.6 ± 3.0 Ma, zircon U/Pb). The second hydrothermal system is the most important deposit of the Castaño Nuevo Mining District, and has been developed from neutral fluids, and is represented by quartz/adularia epithermal veins with Au (± Ag) mineralization also from Permian age (267.0 ± 2.2 and 265.9 ± 2.1, adularia Ar/Ar dating). The main veins are related to normal and strike-slip faults, where, depending on the cinematics of each fault, open spaces are generated (jogs) where six events of infill and brecciation were identified. These events are related to fluid ascent velocity which fluctuated along time and was controlled by fracture opening speed. The events could be differentiated in terms of mineralization in three episodes pre-, sin- and post-mineralization. The main mechanism for gold precipitation on these veins is boiling, and each infill event could be classified as non-boiling, gentle boiling or flashing boiling event. Alteration assemblages related to these veins reflect the neutral conditions of the fluids and developed narrow halos surrounding the main structures. All veins show silver/gold ratios below 10, so quartz/adularia veins from Castaño Nuevo Mining District could be classified as gold-rich low sulfidation epithermal system. Hydrothermal manifestations identified at Castaño Nuevo Mining District belongs to the Choiyoi Magmatic Belt related to arc and back-arc extensional tectonism. The epithermal systems identified were developed at different depths from the surface and could be derived from different magmatic sources. The study and correct understanding of this district has a relevant regional and local significance.