New Orleans has been the subject of a narrative of exoticization throughout much of its history as an American space. The dominant trend in representation casts this city as a lush site of strangeness, intercultural confusion, enchantment, and, occasionally, an alternatively transformative or annihilative freedom. My project travels across genres and critical frameworks to explore the history and development of the narrative of New Orleans’ exoticism in literary and public discourse. The narrative’s evocative rhetoric, including the frequent appearance of the term “jungle,” and its emphasis on both charm and degeneracy encode larger doubts over the ability of the city to fit national ideals. These codes draw on a negative racial imaginary and manifest as sentiments of anxiety and desire over the crossing of nationally normative racial and sexual boundaries. Although the generative position of the narrative has gone largely unrecognized, it surfaces in multiple contexts and in concert with larger discursive trends, such as 19th century interests in racially exclusive American nationalism and 20th century fears of a racialized, sexualized other. This project pays particular attention to the articulations of the narrative in George Washington Cable’s novel The Grandissimes and in the New Orleans-based works of Tennessee Williams. It also explores challenges to the narrative offered by contemporary poets Brenda Marie Osbey and Joy Harjo. Additionally, it investigates the recycling of the narrative in contemporary political discourse. / text

Since 1999, migrants and refugees from across the Middle East and Northeastern Africa have squatted in makeshift camps in and around the strategic port city of Calais, France, hoping for the opportunity to stow away on a ferry or lorry to England. The inhabitants of these camps seek to engage the world in a dialogue, and although they speak a variety of languages, the voices the refugees and migrants in The Jungle of Calais raise through their protest placards and graffiti are more homogeneous. Like in many other protests, the languages of these messages are universal; they are French and English, the languages of their location, their desired destination, and of the world that they hope is watching. The data for this study are from still images freely available through Getty Images Embed Service. Using the techniques of linguistic landscapes, this paper analyzes the linguistic material of The Jungle. Like other recent works on the linguistic landscapes of protest, this analysis challenges the idea that territory is a fixed place or space (Kasanga, 2014), asserting rather that the migrants/refugees are co-creating a collective space that exists more through their raised voices, and less in the physical space they temporarily inhabit.

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la influencia de la gestión logística en el valor ganado en los proyectos de edificación en la selva peruana de una empresa constructora de Lima Metropolitana. En la metodología, se ha empleado la investigación científica cualitativa, la misma que ha servido para el desarrollo de los aspectos más importantes del presente trabajo, desde el planteamiento del estudio hasta la contrastación de la hipótesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of logistics management on the value earned in building projects in the Peruvian jungle of a construction company in Metropolitan Lima. In the methodology, qualitative scientific research has been used, which has served for the development of the most important aspects of this work, from the approach of the study to the testing of the hypothesis.

The main aim of this thesis was to study domestication effects on foraging behaviour in chickens and to investigate whether and how domestication and selection for high production have influenced adaptability in chickens. Two domestic strains of chickens (egg layers and meat type chickens) and their wild ancestor, the red jungle fowl (RJF) were compared in different test situations with respect to foraging behaviour and adaptability. The domestic strains showed a modified foraging strategy, where they were less inclined to explore and feed from a hidden food source, i.e. they showed less contrafreeloading (CFL, the behaviour of working for food even though identical food can be easily obtained) than RJF. The difference in CFL between RJF and the layers were not altered by food deprivation, which suggests that the lower CFL in the layers represents a genetically based difference in feeding strategy. In addition, CFL decreased with age in RJF and layers and social isolation decreased CFL in RJF. Furthermore, when foraging, RJF acquired information about the quality of different food sources, which was utilised after a change in environmental conditions. Contrary to this, layers gained less information during foraging and showed an impaired spatial learning ability compared to RJF, and in this respect, layers showed a lower degree of adaptability. Chronic stress impaired the learning capacity of both breeds but RJF seemed to be overall faster to learn to locate food in a spatial learning task. Furthermore, stressed RJF started to eat faster in the spatial learning test than non-stressed RJF, and contrary to this, stressed layers showed a more passive response by prolonging the time to start feeding compared to non-stressed layers. This indicates a more active response to stress in RJF than in layers. Similarly, when RJF and layers were exposed to food deprivation, RJF showed an active response by increasing their time spent on foraging behaviour. The general results in this thesis most likely reflect different adaptive strategies, where RJF appear to be better adapted to a stochastic environment, and the domestic strains to grow and produce egg in a more predictable environment. The findings are in accordance with the resource allocation theory, which suggests that animals selected for high production are expected to reallocate a high proportion of resources into production traits and hence fewer resources might be left to other biological processes, e.g. exploratory behaviour. Selection for high production seems to influence the ability of chickens to cope with a changing environment, which may have implications for the welfare of chickens in a production environment.

These stories are representative of an idea that is repeatedly expressed both in the concrete details of Kipling's stories and in the way he uses language. It is possible to see that Kipling, the archetypical man of the empire, may not always have been the empire's man in his work; and causes for that may be found in the alluring, very non-English place he lived in for several years of his youth: India.

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Thèse réalisée en co-tutelle avec le Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. / Cette thèse opère principalement à deux niveaux, un niveau ethnographique et un niveau communicationnel. Je m’intéresse ici à l’étrange cas des jungles de garage nord-américaines et aux dizaines de milliers d’animaux dits « exotiques » qui les composent. Au cours de l’année 2011, j’ai parcouru plus de 25 000 kms à travers le continent, à la rencontre précisément de ces espaces postnaturalisés qui constituent désormais une part non négligeable (et pourtant souvent négligée) de nos paysages écologiques contemporains. Plus tout à fait sauvages, ni pour autant complètement domestiques, ces modes d’existence pionniers hantent désormais une zone grise de nos savoirs zoologiques, de nos avoirs culturels. En effet, ces humanimalités en devenir ne vont pas sans brouiller certaines de nos conceptions dichotomiques traditionnelles (telles nature/culture, humain/non-humain, proie/prédateur, dominant/dominé, émetteur/récepteur). À une époque où l’animal est régulièrement objet de débats théoriques, légaux, sociaux, politiques ou encore épistémologiques, la prise en compte renouvelée de ces singularités animales fournit ici d’importants précédents en matière d’adaptation, d’évolution et d’émergence. En livrant de la sorte les résultats d’ethnographies transpécifiques originales, j’offre ainsi à la discussion un matériel éthologique inédit touchant à la vie d’animaux a priori connus, mais dont les modalités existentielles actuelles restent encore largement méconnues. Ainsi, plutôt que de considérer l’animal d’un simple point de vue substantialiste ou bien encore depuis une stricte perspective hylémorphique, c’est-à-dire s’attachant essentiellement à des questions de forme et de matière (un tigre né et élevé en captivité, nourri de viande de supermarché et sous pilule contraceptive est-il toujours un tigre ?), je me concentre plutôt sur ces mouvements complexes d’information et de communication qui donnent forme à la matière et matière à la formation (et font du tigre d’aujourd’hui non plus l’alter ego du roi de la jungle, mais l’égal du chat de gouttière). Dans une perspective simondonienne, je conceptualise alors une certaine logique de l’individuation animale, que je rapporte à la part d’indétermination que comprend tout processus de communication. J’émets ainsi l’hypothèse que l'animalité, bien plus qu'une simple collection d’attributs, constitue en réalité un enchevêtrement toujours mouvementé de relationalités transductives. Ici, teckné et anima opèrent de manière disparate mais conjointe, pour alimenter partie de nos processus anthropogéniques. En puisant constamment dans un tel réservoir de differentialités, notre espèce ne cesse ainsi de se réinventer. Dès lors, les biomedia ne seront plus considérés comme la dernière itération de notre modernité technologique, se déplaçant lentement de matérialités inorganiques en potentialités organiques, mais bien plutôt compris tel un nouveau registre d’écriture du vivant opérant au cœur d’un potentiel d’inscription animatif continuellement remis en je(u). Parce que nos relations avec les animaux ont toujours été inséparables de nos devenirs respectifs, la manière dont nous sommes aujourd’hui aux prises avec certains de nos (anciens) prédateurs dit beaucoup, me semble-t-il, de notre à-venir et de cet animal-medium que nous logeons tous. Ici conceptualisées, ces jungles de garage renvoient à de puissants champs expérientiels, non pas dénaturés mais renaturalisés, au cœur desquels certains organismes démontrent, en réaction précisément à des pressions sélectives renouvelées, non seulement des réponses adaptatives surprenantes, mais initient aussi des processus innovants impliquant plusieurs niveaux d’individuations créatrices. / This thesis operates mainly on two levels: one is ethnographical, the other is communicationnal. I explore the curious case of North American jungle backyards in which « used-to-be-wild » animals are experiencing « almost-domesticated » existences while their daily lives are merged with that of Homo sapiens. As pets, guinea pigs or postnatural totems, these pioneer organisms not only feed the third most important black market in the world, they also blur our traditional zoological and philosophical apparatus (often driven by dichotomies between nature/culture, human/nonhuman, prey/predator, dominant/dominated, transmitter/receiver). In 2011, I traveled 16 000 miles all around the continent to explore some of these contemporary humanimal modalities. Hence, I examine important transpecific aspects of these modified ecological landscapes, in which known living organisms experience unknown reorganizations of life. In a Simondonian perspective, I reconceptualize animality and communication activities in order to readdress, along with the question of the animal, individuation processes and their inherent indetermination qualities – the kind, yet unseen, that contemporary jungle backyards silently nurture. At a time when animal rights and bioethics are regularly at stake (and indeed a serious preoccupation for societies that strive to leave behind medieval practices, but also attempt to cope with their biotechnological becomings), jungle backyards provide an original ethological dataset based not only on what an animal is or should be, but rather on what real animal existences actually consist of. In that respect, I offer firsthand material that may help to better navigate our common Ark, possibly facing a new environmental flood. Instead of considering animals from a reductive substancialist point of view or from a strict hylemorphic perspective, focusing on matters of form or forms of matter, I concentrate on movements that give form to matter and matter to form. I then suggest that animality, more than a simple collection of mere attributes or even a basic manifestation of an elaborate biochemical complex, constitutes an enmeshment constantly in motion made of transductive relationalities. Here, biomedia are not considered the latest bourgeon of our technological modernity, slowly shifting from inorganic materialities to organic potentialities, but rather an ancient deviation of natural forces (too quickly restricted to domestication). Instead teckné and anima operate jointly and disparately to propel what I call aniculture and which I consider to be not only a part of our anthropogenic processes, but also a mutagenic pool of differentialities from which humanity constantly draws in order to reinvent itself. Then, along with a specific textual mode of organization (as transpecific as its topic), writing is here even envisaged as another possible expression of animality, maybe even a powerful re-intensification. Because our traditional dealings with animals have always been inseparable from our becomings, the (yet untold) ways we are now dealing with some of our ex-predators and preys reveal a great deal about our postnatural futures and that “animal-medium” we all inhabit. In fact, jungle backyards are less denaturalized places than renaturalized spaces in which animals demonstrate not only adaptive responses to selective pressures but initiate creative processes at a number of levels from which fertile lines of thought can eventually stem.

Cette thèse opère principalement à deux niveaux, un niveau ethnographique et un niveau communicationnel. Je m’intéresse ici à l’étrange cas des jungles de garage nord-américaines et aux dizaines de milliers d’animaux dits « exotiques » qui les composent. Au cours de l’année 2011, j’ai parcouru plus de 25 000 kms à travers le continent, à la rencontre précisément de ces espaces postnaturalisés qui constituent désormais une part non négligeable (et pourtant souvent négligée) de nos paysages écologiques contemporains. Plus tout à fait sauvages, ni pour autant complètement domestiques, ces modes d’existence pionniers hantent désormais une zone grise de nos savoirs zoologiques, de nos avoirs culturels. En effet, ces humanimalités en devenir ne vont pas sans brouiller certaines de nos conceptions dichotomiques traditionnelles (telles nature/culture, humain/non-humain, proie/prédateur, dominant/dominé, émetteur/récepteur). À une époque où l’animal est régulièrement objet de débats théoriques, légaux, sociaux, politiques ou encore épistémologiques, la prise en compte renouvelée de ces singularités animales fournit ici d’importants précédents en matière d’adaptation, d’évolution et d’émergence. En livrant de la sorte les résultats d’ethnographies transpécifiques originales, j’offre ainsi à la discussion un matériel éthologique inédit touchant à la vie d’animaux a priori connus, mais dont les modalités existentielles actuelles restent encore largement méconnues. Ainsi, plutôt que de considérer l’animal d’un simple point de vue substantialiste ou bien encore depuis une stricte perspective hylémorphique, c’est-à-dire s’attachant essentiellement à des questions de forme et de matière (un tigre né et élevé en captivité, nourri de viande de supermarché et sous pilule contraceptive est-il toujours un tigre ?), je me concentre plutôt sur ces mouvements complexes d’information et de communication qui donnent forme à la matière et matière à la formation (et font du tigre d’aujourd’hui non plus l’alter ego du roi de la jungle, mais l’égal du chat de gouttière). Dans une perspective simondonienne, je conceptualise alors une certaine logique de l’individuation animale, que je rapporte à la part d’indétermination que comprend tout processus de communication. J’émets ainsi l’hypothèse que l'animalité, bien plus qu'une simple collection d’attributs, constitue en réalité un enchevêtrement toujours mouvementé de relationalités transductives. Ici, teckné et anima opèrent de manière disparate mais conjointe, pour alimenter partie de nos processus anthropogéniques. En puisant constamment dans un tel réservoir de differentialités, notre espèce ne cesse ainsi de se réinventer. Dès lors, les biomedia ne seront plus considérés comme la dernière itération de notre modernité technologique, se déplaçant lentement de matérialités inorganiques en potentialités organiques, mais bien plutôt compris tel un nouveau registre d’écriture du vivant opérant au cœur d’un potentiel d’inscription animatif continuellement remis en je(u). Parce que nos relations avec les animaux ont toujours été inséparables de nos devenirs respectifs, la manière dont nous sommes aujourd’hui aux prises avec certains de nos (anciens) prédateurs dit beaucoup, me semble-t-il, de notre à-venir et de cet animal-medium que nous logeons tous. Ici conceptualisées, ces jungles de garage renvoient à de puissants champs expérientiels, non pas dénaturés mais renaturalisés, au cœur desquels certains organismes démontrent, en réaction précisément à des pressions sélectives renouvelées, non seulement des réponses adaptatives surprenantes, mais initient aussi des processus innovants impliquant plusieurs niveaux d’individuations créatrices. / This thesis operates mainly on two levels: one is ethnographical, the other is communicationnal. I explore the curious case of North American jungle backyards in which « used-to-be-wild » animals are experiencing « almost-domesticated » existences while their daily lives are merged with that of Homo sapiens. As pets, guinea pigs or postnatural totems, these pioneer organisms not only feed the third most important black market in the world, they also blur our traditional zoological and philosophical apparatus (often driven by dichotomies between nature/culture, human/nonhuman, prey/predator, dominant/dominated, transmitter/receiver). In 2011, I traveled 16 000 miles all around the continent to explore some of these contemporary humanimal modalities. Hence, I examine important transpecific aspects of these modified ecological landscapes, in which known living organisms experience unknown reorganizations of life. In a Simondonian perspective, I reconceptualize animality and communication activities in order to readdress, along with the question of the animal, individuation processes and their inherent indetermination qualities – the kind, yet unseen, that contemporary jungle backyards silently nurture. At a time when animal rights and bioethics are regularly at stake (and indeed a serious preoccupation for societies that strive to leave behind medieval practices, but also attempt to cope with their biotechnological becomings), jungle backyards provide an original ethological dataset based not only on what an animal is or should be, but rather on what real animal existences actually consist of. In that respect, I offer firsthand material that may help to better navigate our common Ark, possibly facing a new environmental flood. Instead of considering animals from a reductive substancialist point of view or from a strict hylemorphic perspective, focusing on matters of form or forms of matter, I concentrate on movements that give form to matter and matter to form. I then suggest that animality, more than a simple collection of mere attributes or even a basic manifestation of an elaborate biochemical complex, constitutes an enmeshment constantly in motion made of transductive relationalities. Here, biomedia are not considered the latest bourgeon of our technological modernity, slowly shifting from inorganic materialities to organic potentialities, but rather an ancient deviation of natural forces (too quickly restricted to domestication). Instead teckné and anima operate jointly and disparately to propel what I call aniculture and which I consider to be not only a part of our anthropogenic processes, but also a mutagenic pool of differentialities from which humanity constantly draws in order to reinvent itself. Then, along with a specific textual mode of organization (as transpecific as its topic), writing is here even envisaged as another possible expression of animality, maybe even a powerful re-intensification. Because our traditional dealings with animals have always been inseparable from our becomings, the (yet untold) ways we are now dealing with some of our ex-predators and preys reveal a great deal about our postnatural futures and that “animal-medium” we all inhabit. In fact, jungle backyards are less denaturalized places than renaturalized spaces in which animals demonstrate not only adaptive responses to selective pressures but initiate creative processes at a number of levels from which fertile lines of thought can eventually stem. / Thèse réalisée en co-tutelle avec le Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris.

El tema desarrollado en esta tesis es un Colegio Público de nivel inicial primaria y secundaria ubicado en el distrito de Chazuta, en el departamento de San Martín. El proyecto se centra en que la infraestructura escolar logre cubrir el déficit, satisfacer las necesidades de los alumnos y saber afrontar las condiciones climatológicas del distrito. Otro de los temas centrales del proyecto es reutilizar los sistemas constructivos tradicionales característicos de las edificaciones de la selva peruana, así como poder hacer que parte de la cultura del distrito se vea reflejada en el este. El proyecto también busca aprovechar los beneficios que tiene la zona con la captación de agua de las lluvias y un sistema de paneles solares que permita iluminar parte de este. El colegio está dividido en el área de aulas y un área “pública” que planea ser compartida los fines de semana con los pobladores de la comunidad para poder “posibilitar la creación de la atmósfera adecuada para habitar, en la que cada persona puede encontrar un ambiente favorable para vivir, reposar y sentirse identificado. / The theme developed in this thesis is a public kindergarten, primary and secondary school located in Chazuta district, in the San Martin department. El project focuses on school infrastructure to cover the deficit, the needs of the students and learn to cope witch the climatic conditions of the district. Another central theme of the project is to reuse traditional constructive systems characteristic of the buildings of the Peruvian jungle, as well as being able to see reflected in the school the culture of the district. It seeks to take advantage of the benefits that the area with the capture of rainwater and solar panel system the allows us to illuminate part of this. The school is divided into area classrooms and a “public” area that plan to be shared weekends whit the inhabitants of the community “to enable the creation of the proper atmosphere to live, in which each person can find a favorable environment to live, rest and feel identified / Tesis

<p>Försvarsmakten genomför skarpa uppdrag på flera platser i världen, både i extrem kyla och hetta för att lyckas lösa påfrestande uppgifter krävs både kunskap och erfarenhet. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka om Militärhögskolan Karlberg bör utbilda sina kadetter i varmt klimat, så att de innehar kunskapen innan de kommer ut på sina förband. Syftet har brutits ned i följande frågeställningar. Huvudfrågeställning: Bör kadetter på militärhögskolan utbildas i varmt klimat?Delfrågor: Definiera vad varmt klimat är, Hur påverkar värmen människan och vilka risker finns? Vilka utbildningar bedriver Försvarsmakten idag över varmt klimat?Varför utbildar inte Militärhögskolan Karlberg sina kadetter i varmt klimat? Jag har använt mig av metoden induktion vilket innebär att jag gjort empiriska iakttagelser i form av intervjuer samt litteratursökning och sedan dragit slutsatser utifrån dessa. Uppsatsens viktigasteslutsatser är: Utbildning i kallt väder är en god grund, men är inte tillräcklig för att behärska ett varmt klimat. En kompletteringsutbildning för varmt klimat bör eftersträvas på officersprogrammet. Denna utbildning bedrivs på överlevnadsskolan och heter SERE B.</p> / <p>The Swedish Armed Forces have taken part and participated in several countries in the world, both in extreme cold and heat. To succeed in solving challenging tasks requires both knowledge and experience. The purpose of this paper is to find out if the the Military Academy Karlberg should train their cadets in hot weather, so they have the knowledge before they start working within their units. The aim has been divided into the following questions. Main Issue: Should the Military Academy cadets be trained in hot weather? A secondary purpose with the analysis is to answer following issues: Define hot weather? How does heat affect the human body, and what are the risks? What training does the Swedish Armed Forces conduct regarding warm weather today? Why does the Swedish Armed forces not train their cadets in The Military Academy Karlberg on hot weather? I have used the method induction, which means that I have done empirical observations by interviews and through literature search and then drawn conclusions from them.</p><p>Essay main conclusions are: Training in cold weather is a good basis, but is not sufficient to master a warm climate. A additional training in hot weather should be sought in the officer program. The training is conducted at the Survival School and is called SERE B</p>