People psychological health is undoubtedly the question of the day in nowadays society. Factors of ill adults’ psychical health, its relationships, and view to their health condition are analyzed in this work. 70 patients from Rokiškis psychiatry hospital, who have slight psychical disability, have attended in this research. 70 healthy adults, who haven’t treat their selves is same sort institutions, formed auditorial group. All the respondents are 20-55 years old. In our research we used the technique of K. Wallston (1978) – Multidimensional health locus methodology, which is intended to assess the different people views to important problems, which are associated with their health; the result of assigned project was expressed indicators: internality(HLC), chance (CHC), powerful others (PHLC). The health of respondents was evaluated by Ch. Spielberger scale (2000) of anxiety and worry (how they feel now and generally).

The main goal of these thesis is : to carry out all organization process that must be computerized. There are some processes which man cannot carry out withuot special software. The main critical proces is financial control of contracts. Contract begins with signing between our handing organization and customers. Each contract consists of terms and good‘s that must be delivered at time. The name of thesis „long term... „ says that contract conditions are exercised in parts. Goods are been delivered in parts and payment is been getting in parts too. So there are many contracts, and the man is unable to control all its himself. So our software must do financial contract control : to mark parts of good of each contract, allow to see every condition of contracts, and allow to solve the problem of goods identification (BAR codes), because our organization is an agent in trading range. We made our software, theretofore did analysis of excisting software, software that can be partially useful for us and can be upgraded using our functional requirements. We used to modificate typical agreement data model by Len Silverston and use it to transform to DB schema (realationships). Our software (projecting and coding) is made using these tools : Rational Rose, MS Visio, Borland Delphi, MS Access and MS SQL Server.

Master’s theses are carried out at Vilnius Pedagogical University, at the faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology department of Psychological didactics. The investigation is based on K. Wallston’s 1978 methodology of Multidimensional scale of Health locus control and on A. Petrulyte 1985 self evaluation scale. The main purpose of the work is to analysis specific features of health locus control and self - evaluation of soldiers of compulsory military service. In research involvement 239 soldiers of compulsory military service and 240 students of Klaipėda University. The investigation showed that the average of soldiers of compulsory military service and students health locus control index is different. The soldiers and students is rely on HLC ( = 24,80), but there is a tendency that the PHLC ( = 22,20) is higher than CHC ( =20,26). The analysis showed that solders and students CHC negatively and statistically correlates with cognitive self – evaluation (r = -0,119 p = 0,009). Students HLC positively and statistically correlates with emotional self – evaluation (r = 0,130 p = 0,045), students CHC negatively and statistically correlates with cognitive self – evaluation (r = -0,205 p = 0,001). Soldiers of compulsory military service HLC, CHC and PHLC health locus of control did not statistically correlates with cognitive and emotional self – evaluation.

Jaunesniojo paauglio psichologinė savijauta - neabejotinai aktualus klausimas šiandieną ugdant sveiką visuomenę. Svarbiausias paauglio asmenybės ir psichologinės savijautos aspektas yra sveikatos kontrolės lokusas, kuris parodo, kaip žmogus suvokia savo sveikatą bei priežastis, nuo kurių priklauso jo sveikata, ir savęs vertinimas. Šio magistro darbo tikslas - ištirti 5-12 klasių mokinių savęs vertinimo ir sveikatos kontrolės lokuso ypatumus sąryšyje su sveikata ir mokymosi sėkme. Siekiama nustatyti 5-12 klasių mokinių sveikatos kontrolės lokuso ir savęs vertinimo skalių įverčių vidurkius pagal amžių (11-18m.) ir lytį, taip pat ištirti sveikatos kontrolės lokuso ir savęs vertinimo ryšį su praleistų pamokų skaičiumi dėl ligos bei su pažangumu. Tyrime dalyvavo 240 bendrojo lavinimo mokyklos mokinių (5-12 kl, 11-18 m.). Tyrimui atlikti buvo naudojama daugiadimensinė sveikatos kontrolės lokuso skalė/MHLC - A forma (Wallston K.,1978) ir M. Rosenberg savigarbos skalė (Rosenberg M., 1965). Užduočių rezultatai buvo išreikšti 4 rodikliais: vidinė kontrolė(HLC), atsitiktinumas(CHC), kitų įtaka(PHLC), savęs vertinimas(BRSV). / Nowadays the psychological being of pupils ‘is a very topical issue in trying to raise a healthy community. One of the main factors indicating the psychological health of the individual is the health control locus and self-esteem, showing how a person conceives his health and himself, his abilities, properties, and his status among other people. A teenager‘s psychical and physical health relies strongly on this, as well as learning advance and relationship to other people. The aim of the present work has been to analyze the 5 – 12 class children self-esteem and health control locus singularity in connection with learning advance. In the research, however, the aim has been to analyze 5 – 12 class children‘s indicators of health control locus and self-esteem according to the age (11-18 years old) and sex, quest 5 – 12 class children health control locus and self-esteem in connection with absences from school due to some illness and with learning advance. There were data collected from 240 schoolchildren 5 – 12 class (11-18 years old) in Lithuanian comprehensive schools. In the research there were used Multidimensional health locus of control scale (MHLC) (Wallston K., 1978) and Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale (RSV) (Rosenberg M., 1965). The result of work was expressed by the following four indicators: internality (HLC), chance (CHC), powerful others (PHLC) and self-esteem (BRSV). The results of the research revealed that the average locus in the pupil‘s health control scales... [to full text]

The purpose of this work was to study the peculiarities and interrelations of achievement motivation, locus of health control (multidimensional and visual analogue scales) and academic advancement of senior schoolchildren (years IX – XII). 228 senior schoolchildren participated in the study. The study involved two methodologies. The first one, meant for the research of learning motivation of schoolchildren, was used A. Mehrabian’s achievement motivation test-enquiry, modified by M. Sh. Magomed – Eminov. The second one – K. Wallston’s (1978) health locus of control (multidimensional and visual analogue scales). The research results data confirmed the hypothesis that achievement motivation of senior girls is different from that of senior boys. It was established that the ratios of motivation of boys were higher than those of girls of the same age. It is confirmed by the statistically relevant relation (t(226)=2,004, p = 0,04). The analysis of research data showed that: achievement motivation of senior schoolchildren decreases with the age; senior schoolchildren’s belief that condition of health depends on contingencies or external influences decreases with the age; senior boys evaluate their health better than girls of the same age; advancement of senior schoolchildren increases with the age. Second hypothesis of probability of relation among achievement motivation, health control ratios and academic advancement in senior grades was not confirmed.

Valstybinė tabako ir alkoholio kontrolės tarnyba (Tarnyba) yra įstaiga prie Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybės. Jos pagrindiniai uždaviniai yra valstybės alkoholio ir tabako kontrolės politikos įgyvendinimas, teisės aktų laikymosi kontrolė ir veiklos, susijusios su tabaku ir alkoholiu, licencijavimas. Šiame darbe yra pateikiamas šių Tarnybos funkcijų turinys bei jų įgyvendinimo praktika. Darbe aptariamos pagrindinės problemos, su kuriomis susiduria Tarnyba, atlikdama savo funkcijas, pateikiami pagrindiniai Tarnybos veiklos kritikos argumentai (skiria per dideles baudas, neatsižvelgia į . atsakomybę lengvinančias aplinkybes ir pan.). taip pat nurodomi galimi problemų sprendimo būdai. Analizuojant Lietuvos Vyriausiojo Administracinio Teismo nutartis, yra aptariamas Tarnybos sprendimų ginčijimas. Analizuojami Tarnybos sprendimai, susiję su alkoholio ir tabako reklamai taikomais reikalavimais, reikalavimu turėti licenciją ir alkoholio ar tabako produktų įsigijimo dokumentus, taip pat kitais teisės aktuose nustatytais reikalavimais. Darbe taip pat aptariama dvigubo nubaudimo už tą patį pažeidimą problema (non bis idem principas) Tarnybai priimant sprendimus. / The Service of the State Tobacco and Alcohol Control (The Service) is the institution under the Government of The Republic of Lithuania. Its main tasks are the realization of state policy of tobacco and alcohol control, the control of the observance of laws and licence of the activity related with tobacco and alcohol. The content of the service functions and the practice of realization is presented in this work. The work describes the main problems The Service comes across while carrying out its functions and besides the main critical arguments of the Service activity are given (as too big fines are imposed leaving out of account all the mitigating circumstances, etc.), the ways how to solve the problems are also discussed. While analysing the judgements of The Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania the disputes of decisions of The Service are discussed. The work analyses The Service decisions related to requirements of advertising tobacco and alcohol., the requirement to have the licence and to have all the documents which prove the legality of purchase the products of alcohol and tobacco , furthermore all the other requirements laid down by laws are discussed here. Moreover the work analyses the problem of non bis idem when The Service makes decision to punish twice for the same crime.

Tyrimo tikslas: atskleisti vėžiu sergančių ir sveikų suaugusių žmonių nerimo, depresijos, sveikatos kontrolės lokuso ir gyvenimo prasmės ryšius. Tyrimo uždaviniai: palyginti vėžiu sergančių pacientų nerimo, depresijos, sveikatos kontrolės lokuso ir gyvenimo prasmės rodiklių įverčius pagal: 1) lytį, 2) amžių, 3) depresijos išreikštumą (8 balai HAD skalėje) ir 4) gydymo pobūdį. 5) Palyginti vėžiu sergančių ir sveikų (kontrolinės grupės) tiriamųjų nerimo, depresijos, sveikatos kontrolės lokuso ir gyvenimo prasmės rodiklius. 6) Nustatyti vėžiu sergančių tiriamųjų nerimo, depresijos, sveikatos kontrolės lokuso ir gyvenimo prasmės tarpusavio ryšį. Tyrimo metodai: Ligoninės nerimo ir depresijos skalė (Hospital Anxiety and Depression - HAD) (Zigmond, Snaith, 1983); Daugiadimensinė sveikatos kontrolės lokuso skalė (Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale – MHLOC) (Wallston et al., 1978); Gyvenimo prasmės skalė (Meaning in Life Scale - MiLS) (Jim et al., 2006). MHLC skalę sudaro trys subskalės: vidinė kontrolė, atsitiktinumas ir kitų poveikis. HAD skalę sudaro dvi subskalės: nerimas ir depresija. MiLS skalę sudaro keturios subskalės: harmonija, gyvenimo tikslai, dvasingumas ir sumažėjusi gyvenimo prasmė. Tiriamieji: n = 63 vėžiu sergtantys pacientai, kurių amžiaus vidurkis 64.87 (SD = 9.03) ir n = 63 kontrolinės grupės tiriamieji, kurių amžiaus vidurkis 63.73 (SD=9.321). Tyrimo rezultatai: moterys daugiau negu vyrai įžvelgia gyvenimo prasmės (t (61) = 1.992, p =0.052) ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Purpose: The purpose of the presented study was to examine links between anxiety, depression, health locus of control and meaning in life in cancer patients and healthy adults. Objectives: to compare the rates of cancer patients’ anxiety, depression, health locus of control and meaning in life according to: 1) gender; 2) age, 3) significance of depression (8 points in HAD scale) and 4) treatment methods. 5) to compare the rates of cancer and healthy controls anxiety, depression, health locus of control and meaning in life. 6) to find links between anxiety, depression, health locus of control and meaning in life in cancer patients’ population. Methods: Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scale (Wallston et al., 1978); Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale (Zigmond, Snaith, 1983) and Meaning in Life (MiLS) scale (Jim et al., 2006). MHLC scale provides three-dimension measures of health locus of control: Internality; Chance; Powerful Others. HAD scale has two subscales: anxiety and depression. MiLS scale consists of 4 dimensions: Harmony; Life purposes; Spirituality and Lessened meaning. Participants: The sample consisted of n = 63 cancer patients mean age 64.87 (SD = 9.03) and healthy controls n = 63 mean age 63.73 (SD=9.321). The results of research are: Women more than men experience meaning in life (t (61) = 1.992, p =0.052) and spirituality (t (61) = 2.167, p =0.034). Cancer patients after operation believe in powerful others more than patients before... [to full text]

Darbo autorius: Vilma Balandaitė Darbo tema: Profesijos pedagogų kontrolės lokusas ir jų asmenybės konfliktiškumo – agresyvumo pasireiškimas ugdymo procese. Darbo rengimo vieta: Lietuvos žemės ūkio universitetas. Profesinės pedagogikos ir psichologijos katedra. Akademija, 2006 – 2008 metai. Darbo apimtis: 62 psl. Darbe yra: 8 lentelės, 13 paveikslai, 4 priedai. Literatūros šaltinių: 25. Tyrimo objektas: Marijampolės kolegijos profesijos pedagogų kontrolės lokusas ir jų konfliktiškumas - agresyvumas. Tyrimo metodai: 1. Literatūros šaltinių sisteminimas ir analizė. 2. Respondentų identifikavimas jų kvalifikacijos ir lyties požiūriu. 3. Dž. Roterio E - I skalė. 4. Asmenybės agresyvumo – konfliktiškumo testas. 5. Statistinė duomenų analizė. Tyrimo rezultatai: Marijampolės kolegijoje daugiau yra eksternališkos nuostatos profesijos pedagogų nei internališkos. Dauguma profesijos pedagogų yra bekompromisinės asmeybės. Palyginus įgijusių ir neįgijusių pedagoginį išsilavinimą profesijos pedagogų agresyvumą – konfliktiškumą paaiškėjo, kad pedagogai įgiję pedagoginį išsilavinimą daugiau pasižymi savybėmis reikalingomis konstruktyviam bendravimui. Profesijos pedagogais dirbantys vyrai internališkesni nei moterys. Moterys yra kerštingesnės, netolerantiškesnės, linkę greičiau supykti ir įsižeisti. / Work includes: 8 tables, 13 pictures, 4 addendums. Sources of literature: 25. Subject of research: Marijampole college profession educationalists‘ control lokus and their conflict – agression. Research methods: 1. Literature sources systematization and analysis. 2. The identification of respondents according to their qualification and sex. 3. J. B. Roter E - I skale. 4. Test of personality‘s agression - conflict. 5. The statistical handiing of data. Research results: More profession educationalists in Marijampole college are of external control than internal. Most of profession educationalists are uncompromising persons. Comparing agression - conflict of the educationalists, who graduated and not graduated for pedagogical education, it came to light, that educationalists, who graduated for pedagogical education, have had a good track record in features necessary for constructive communication. The men, working as profession educationalists, are more internal than the women. The women are more vindictive, more intolerant, prone to get angry and to take offence faster.

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the peculiarities of Health Control Locus and Sense of Coherence of adults that suffer from chronic diseases. The research is based on the analysis of scientific literature and theories, which summarize the main definitions of this research: the age of an adult, ailment and health control locus, Sense of Coherence. The results of experiments made with healthy adults and those who suffer from chronic diseases (N=378) are presented and analyzed in the second part of this research. Two methods where used: K.Wollston (1978) Multidimensional scale health locus of control (MHLC) and A.Antonovsky (1987) “Questionnaire of Life Orientation”, which is used in order to determine the Sense of Coherence. The results of research are: there are differences between adults that suffer from chronic diseases and healthy adults by the rate “chance” of the Health Locus of Control (t(376)=2.731, p=0.007) and by external rate of the Health Locus of Control (t(376)=11.375, p=0.0001). The obtained results allow making a conclusion that the firs hypotheses that adults that suffer from chronic diseases external rate is more expressed than healthy adults. Differences between adults that suffer from chronic diseases and healthy adults was found by the rates “manageability” (t(376)=-5.080, p=0.0001), “meaningfulness” (t(376)=-6.464, p=0.0001) of Sense of Coherence and by the general Scale of the Sense of Coherence (t(376)=-4.114, p=0.0001). The... [to full text]

Nepaisant to, jog korupcija yra nuo senų laikų visuomenei būdingas reiškinys, šiuolaikinės demokratinės valstybės jam skiria ypatingai daug dėmesio, dedant pastangas korupcijos prevencijai ir kontrolei. Tuo yra susirūpinusios ne tik pačios valstybės, bet ir tarptautinės organizacijos, tokios kaip Pasaulio Bankas, Jungtinių Tautų Organizacija ir kt. Tačiau net ir esant minėtoms korupcijos mažinimo iniciatyvoms, šis reiškinys tebėra laikomas viena aktualesnių problemų. Tai skatina klausti ir domėtis, kas turi įtakos tokiai situacijai, kuri būdinga ir Lietuvai. Siekiant išsiaiškinti korupcijos prevencijos ir kontrolės problemas Lietuvoje, šiame darbe buvo skiriamos dvi pagrindinės dalys: 1) korupcijos suvokimo, vertinimo skirtinguose lygmenyse (skirtinguose žinojimo diskursuose) analizė, remiantis sociologo ir filosofo Alfredo Schutzo pateiktais idealiaisiais žinojimo tipais, 2) korupcijos ir jos kontrolės bei prevencijos situacijos Lietuvoje vertinimas. Pirmoje darbo dalyje naudota teorinės medžiagos, dokumentų apžvalga ir analizė bei antrinių duomenų analizė. Antroje darbo dalyje daugiausiai dėmesio skirta empirinio tyrimo, t.y. interviu su ekspertais rezultatų analizei. Interviu buvo atliekami su specialistais, tyrinėjančiais korupcijos reiškinį, susijusiais su korupcijos mažinimo bei jos prevencijos veikla ir atstovaujančiais šiuos sektorius: akademinį, nevyriausybinį ir valstybinį. Požiūris į korupciją ir jos mažinimą bei prevenciją skirtinguose diskursuose paaiškėjo esąs... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Although the phenomenon of the corruption is a common feature of any society, contemporary democratic states pay a lot of attention to it and put efforts on its control and prevention. This is the matter not only of the states, but also a topic or even a target of various transnational organizations such as the World Bank or the United Nations Organization etc. Still the corruption persists and is considered as the priority problem of the contemporary democratic states. Lithuania has the same situation about it. In order to find and better understand the problems of the prevention and control of the corruption in Lithuania, this work was divided into two parts: 1) the analyses of the perception of the corruption in different discourses of knowledge (this model is borrowed from the sociologist and philosopher A. Schutz), 2) the evaluation of the situation of the control and prevention of corruption in Lithuania. The first part of the work continues of the analyses of the critical criminologists’ insights about crime, power etc., the review and analyses of legal documents and secondary data of the research “Lietuvos korupcijos žemėlapis“(2001 – 2008). The second part of the work is mostly devoted to the analyses of the empirical data gathered from the interview with experts who represent these sectors: academic, non-governmental and governmental. The attitude towards the corruption in different discourses revealed contradictory: “the experts” are raising the questions about the... [to full text]