The purpose of the master thesis is to find a way to plan activities, visualize them and follow-up on these activities. The Visual Planning method is used at Scania Production, R&D and at Scania Purchasing. However, the method doesn‟t fit the purchasers‟ communication and coordination needs. Furthermore, a majority of purchasing activities is disrupted due to unexpected events or deviations, which may cause delays.Hence, the thesis will result in a proposal of an effective planning and follow-up method that fits the need of the purchasing environment in general and more specifically in the purchasing group SGC. The proposing solution should handle deviations, be easy to use and visualize activities on an individual and aggregated department level.To find the best solution, an internal benchmarking and a review of best practice literature was carried out during the thesis. Observations at Scania Production, R&D and purchasing department were also carried out along with external interviews.Key findings included that handling deviances have a higher priority than commercial activities such as cost saving activities. Additionally, there is no standardize way of activity planning at SGC, cost has higher than quality and delivery and the Visual Planning method does not fit Scania‟s purchasing organization due to different needs of communication and coordination.Hence, the proposal included recommendations to introduce two milestones to the planned activities, collect all performance measurements in a balanced scorecard and an improved way of handling deviations. Furthermore, recommendations regarding the Visual Planning method included that the method should be used daily, where an agenda should structure the communication and the method should be adapted to fit the group‟s need of communication and coordination. / Syftet med examensarbetet var att finna ett sätt att planera aktiviteter, visualisera samt följa upp dem. Visuell planering används på Scanias produktionsanläggningar, forskning och utveckling samt på deras inköpsavdelning. Dock passar inte metoden inköparnas behov av kommunikation och koordination. Vidare blir inköparnas aktiviteter avbrutna av störningar som resulterar i förseningar.Detta examensarbete kommer därför att föreslå en effektiv planerings- och uppföljningsmetod som passar inköparnas behov, specifikt inköparna på gruppen SGC. Lösningen skall hantera störningar, vara enkel och använda samt visualisera aktiviteter på individuell och gruppnivå.För att finna bästa lösningen genomfördes en intern benchmarking och en litteraturstudie. Observationer på Scanias produktionsanläggningar, forskning och utveckling samt inköpsavdelning genomfördes tillsammans med intervjuer med externa respondenter.Från empirin framgick det att hantera störningar har högre prioritet än kommersiella aktiviteter så som kostnadsbesparingsaktiviteter. Vidare finns inget standardiserat sätt att planera aktiviteter hos SGC, kostnad har högre fokus än kvalitet och leverans samt att visuell planering inte passar inköpsorganisationens behov av kommunikation och koordination.Lösningsförslaget inkluderar förslag till att införa delmål till de planerade aktiviteterna, att alla mätetal samlas ihop till ett balanserat styrkort samt ett förbättrat sätt att hantera störningar. Vidare ges förslag att visuell planering skall fortsätta att användas dagligen, med en agenda som strukturerar kommunikationen för att passa gruppens behov för kommunikation och koordination.

The electrification of the road freight sector has been visible in society during the last couple of years, where several companies have started to o↵er electric solutions. Further, this is due to an increased awareness of the negative impact of transport on the environment. However, Key Per- formance Indicators (KPIs) for evaluation and benchmarking have not kept up with the transition, creating a problem for new electric solutions to be communicated and understood.  The following study has been conducted with a Partner Company, which is a Swedish company that currently o↵ers electric transport. The Partner Company experiences a knowledge gap regarding which KPIs transport buyers follow up, whereas they want to know which KPIs are demanded when going electric. Therefore, a framework of KPIs could facilitate communication between stakeholders on the market and, with some adjustments, also be tailored to fit the Partner Company’s business. The purpose of the study is thus to design a framework of KPIs to measure and evaluate electric road freight and further adjust the framework to Partner Company. Developing a framework of KPIs requires structuring the constituent parameters to ease usability and practical applicability. The literature highlights that designing a framework can be done by determining KPIs, character- istics of the KPIs, and an appropriate categorization. Therefore, literature was studied regarding transport, KPIs, and processes of developing frameworks of KPIs. Together with the literature and the background, the process developed further acted as a basis for developing the study’s three Research Questions, aiming to ease answering the study’s overall purpose. The first Research Question is based on understanding traditional, fossil-driven road freight. The second Research Question aims to design a framework connected to electric road freight. When answering these questions, empirical data consisted of semi-structured interviews with transport buyers, transport providers, associated organizations, OEMs, and internal interviews at the Partner Company. The data collected was further analyzed to enable answering the Research Questions. Furthermore, the third Research Question intended to adjust the framework to fit the Partner Company, where a workshop with the Partner Company acted as empirical input and, together with an analysis of answers, further answered the last Research Question.  The framework developed was designed to facilitate communication between transport providers and transport buyers. Therefore, it was essential to capture transport buyers’ concerns, level of knowledge, and maturity regarding electric road freight and match the needs with the transport provider’s o↵ers.  After analyzing empirical data validated by literature, a cross-functional categorization of the framework could be made. KPIs were selected and assigned in the constituent categories of De- livery service, Costs, Operational electric, Planning and optimization, and Environmental impact. Furthermore, several characteristics were applied to each of the included KPIs, where important characteristics are; based on data, traceable, transparent, and market-oriented. In order to meet the study’s purpose, the framework was further adjusted to the Partner Company. The adjusted framework created a clear structure to facilitate when the Partner Company communicates KPIs with transport buyers. Several KPIs are recommended to be raised to solely build trust during the sales process. Other, more operational KPIs should be used by existing customers when following up the transport activity, and some KPIs should be written when the Partner Company contracts with new customers. In conclusion, the study’s purpose was achieved, as the framework developed is considered to facilitate the measuring and evaluation of electric road freight. The generalizability of the framework enables stakeholders in the market to further apply it within their businesses. The framework reduces the knowledge gap and increases communicability for improved benchmarking. Further, as the framework can act as a standard, the understanding of electric road freight can increase, something the study’s problematization was intended to facilitate.

The aim of my thesis was "Evaluation of employees in selected organization". The practical part mainly focuses is to design an evaluation system for General health insurance company of the Czech Republic. Evalution of competencies and performance evalution is done annual basis based on evaluation of fulfillment of performance and individual indicators and objectives of the employee. Evaluated competencies (5+2 criteria) are ecpertise, responsibility, approach to change, independence and teamwork + strategic thinking and leadership. The evaluators of the individual indicators are peers, manager and subordinates in the 360-degree feedback. The performance evaluation is performed based on the fulfillment of the objectives and indicators set in the form of KPI´s.

A high level of competition in the food industry, specifically in the Middle East and the UK has forced companies to improve their processes by reducing lead time, waste, and costs and increasing production efficiency. The main challenge to the achievement of the process improvement objectives is the high level of process variability. Therefore, this research investigates the different types of variability in food production system and proposes a methodology to reduce the effect variability in food production system. The variability can be caused by several factors, for instance, in biscuit production lines variability can be induced due to short breakdown and long breakdown, variable processing times, variable temperature, etc. The proposed approach addresses process time variability issues associated with both make-to-stock (MTS) and make-to-order (MTO) manufacturing environments using an iterated approach. The proposed methodology integrates process mapping, (which is a lean tool for identifying value added and non-value added activities), discrete event simulation (to mirror the real production line), Taguchi orthogonal arrays (to generate different scenarios in order to investigate the effect of variability on the simulation model), correlation analysis (to identify the highest variability factors), and the rule based system (to improve food production system performance based on identified key performance indicators (KPIs)). The research uses a biscuit production line as a case study to validate the proposed methodology. The application of the proposed approach determines that the highest effected KPI is %working. The results showed that after implementation of the rule-based system, key performance improved in high variable areas. Results analysis based on before scenario shows that %working performance indicator is highly effected by variable temperature, speed, and breakdown factors for high variable areas such as baking, cooling, aligning, and packing. Based on identified factors and high variable areas, rules are developed by applying standardisation setting (SOP, WI, PP) in high variable areas and the results shows %working improved in baking by 4.78%, in cooling by 16.06%, in aligning by 0.35%, in packing machine1 by 2.5%, in packing machine2 by 2.37%, in packaging1 by 3.35%, and in packaging2 by 3.16%. The integrated method allow quick response , control the environment without production interruption, reduce number of experiments , and reducing variability in high variable areas, which narrowed the improvement in the required areas and increased its effectiveness.

Many companies today have to deal with business processes optimization, ongoing removal of system obstacles and identifying any bottlenecks laying on the way which are preventing us to reach our goals. I would like to show how we have dealt with similar problems in our case applied in the department of web application maintenance. In the first chapter I will introduce the basic information about the history, environment the company operate in and maintenance activities which are part of the process. Following with description all of the system obstacles and bottlenecks identified in the process and possible solutions or improvements for their elimination. In the last chapter I will present the achieved results after my executing of the proposed improvements and if the expectations have been met or not and what positive or negative influence it has brought.

This thesis is focusing on problematic concerning funding of delegated powers of a municipality. Nowadays, the delegated powers of a municipality are funded by allowance which bases on calculation of Ministry of the interior. The calculation is derived using a mechanism, reflecting a performance range of delegated powers of a municipality and therefore a total amount of allowance does not take into account actual performance. The Government does not currently have data, which would enable objective managing of funds. This problem has been solved with proposed solution of the analytical instrument, which is meant to be the support for funding. The proposed solution is consisting from four logical parts. First part is aiming on analysis of subject area and creation of strategy map according to concept Balanced Scorecard developed by Kaplan and Norton. Following part is aiming on definition set of key performance indicators and assembling of Balanced Scorecard, which is converted into a multidimensional model by Business Intelligence technologies. Data warehouse provides information to the final consumers as a set of reports created by specialized reporting instruments. Verification of proposed solution is performed by set of three pilot reports, which are designed as a decision support for problematic area. Result of this thesis is mainly verification of applicability of the proposed solution combining management concept BSC and Business Intelligence technology, in order to receive relevant information for effective managing of delegated powers of municipality funding. The final verification of applicability of the proposed solution brings the possibility of using also in other areas.

This Master Thesis is focused on the concept of outsourcing and Shared Service Center (SSC) as a tool for reducing operational costs. Outsourcing will be defined along with the various types with advantages and disadvantages of each. Further, the work is focused on process of establishing SSC. The main objective of this thesis is to identify and assess the most important factors for establishing a Shared Services Center. The primary target is divided into the sub- goals. These goals include identifying key factors for locating SSC, assessing the financial benefit of establishing SSC and revelation in which parts of the company savings are highest. Next sub-objective is to evaluate various stages of implementation and progress. The last objective is to evaluate using KPIs as a tool for measuring effectiveness of SSC. For achieving these goals online research, evaluation interviews with executives of Vodafone and internal materials are used. For evaluating of locality are also used methods of managerial decision-making. Theoretical part is followed by a case study. I chose an example of establishing Vodafone SSC in Budapest. On this example my knowledge

<p>In the field of the construction industry, the research work has been widely focused on identifying key performance indicators and critical success factors without assessing the impact of conflict environment factors. This study focusses on the impact of post-conflict environment factors on local construction organization performance. This research presents a performance prediction model comprising the effect of post-conflict environment factors on construction organization performance. The proposed framework of this study has four stages: identify key performance indicators (KPIs), identify post-conflict environment impacting factors, determine critical success factors (CSFs), and formulate success strategy to improve performance. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and multiple linear regression (MLR) techniques are applied to analyze the data.</p> <p>The study finding indicates that there is a significant relationship between the post-conflict condition impacting factors and local construction organization performance, which is insufficiently studied in previous research work. Thus, the developed framework will benefit academic scholars and industry practitioners to analyze and evaluate challenges and opportunities caused by different external environment conditions in the post-conflict construction industry. </p>

Arbetet med jämställdhet i arbetslivet är något som bedrivits under flera år. Sverige är ett av de länder som ligger i framkant när det gäller arbetet med jämställdhet, trots detta förekommer det fortfarande kränkande särbehandling och ojämlika arbetsvillkor för kvinnor och män på arbetsplatserna. Att arbeta med jämställdhet handlar inte bara om att det ska vara en jämn fördelning mellan kvinnor och män på arbetsplatsen, utan det handlar även om att uppmärksamma värderingar, ideal, attityder och normer som påverkar kvinnors och mäns arbetsvillkor. Syftet med denna studie är att få en djupare förståelse för hur de mjuka nyckeltalen påverkar jämställdheten i Kriminalvården. Vidare vill rapportförfattarna undersöka hur föreställningar om kön konstrueras på arbetsplatsen, utifrån jämställdhetsperspektiv. Studien kommer att genomföras genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med kriminalvårdare och kompletteras med en gruppintervju från HR-funktionen och har begränsats till två verksamhetsområden. Studien visar att Kriminalvården arbetar aktivt med det kvantitativa jämställdhetsarbetet men att de behöver arbeta mer utifrån det kvalitativa jämställdhetsarbetet. Vidare visar studien att det finns en delad mening kring hur Kriminalvården bedriver sitt jämställdhetsarbete. Avsaknaden av det kvalitativa jämställdhetsarbetet medför att kvinnor och män får olika möjligheter samt att det finns en föreställning om kön på arbetsplatsen. Studien har bidragit med en ökad förståelse för hur de mjuka nyckeltalen påverkar Kriminalvårdens arbete med jämställdhet. / The work on gender equality in working life has been conducted for several years. Sweden is one of the countries at the forefront of gender equality work; despite this, there is still victimization and unequal working conditions for women and men in the workplace. Working with gender equality is not only about ensuring equal distribution between women and men in the workplace, but it is also about paying attention to values, ideals, attitudes, and norms that affect women's and men's working conditions. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of how the soft key figures affect gender equality in the Prison and Probation Service. Furthermore, the report’s authors want to investigate how notions of gender are constructed in the workplace from a gender equality perspective. The study will be conducted through semi-structured interviews with correctional officers and supplemented by a group interview from the HR function and has been limited to two areas of activity. The study shows that the Prison and Probation Service works actively with the quantitative gender equality work, but they need to work more based on the qualitative gender equality work. Furthermore, the study shows a shared opinion about how the Prison and Probation Service conducts its gender equality work. The lack of qualitative gender equality work means that women and men have different work opportunities and perceptions of gender. The study has contributed to an increased understanding of how the soft key figures affect the Prison and Probation Service's work with gender equality.

This research presents an exploratory study concerning organizations’ best practices of Web analytics for a successful performance and the factors influencing the companies’ successful adoption of Web analytics. A qualitative research methodology was used engaging a comprehension of Web analytics adoption using the Diffusion of Innovation theory (Rogers, 1995) and the theory building approach (Eisenhardt, 1989). Interviews with five companies from different industries were conducted. Findings suggest that for a successful performance, companies should consider: • Data for better decision making. • Web analytics barriers • Selecting the right KPIs and metrics based on the company’s goals. • Web analytics trends A mixed-method approach comprising other extensive methods of data collection should be conducted. Investigation of the use of specific metrics and KPIs within companies from different industries, as well as the strategies for working past the barriers that impede companies from adopting Web analytics should be considered.