Objectives: The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the situation of women returning to work after maternity leave in Austria and the Czech Republic, to design a special career coaching program for them and to evaluate its effectiveness. Methods: Questionnaires, interviews and career coaching program. The sample consisted of female high school, college and university graduates returning to work after maternity leave. Results: The research showed that women tend not to advance in their careers and perceive a lack of support in career development from their employers. We found no significant differences between Austrian and Czech women regarding the length of maternity leave and strategies for coping with work/family conflicts, though they differ in their approach to career management. The career coaching program was designed according to the detailed analysis of needs of our respondents and was evaluated as very effective.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:10:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 edson.pdf: 2607030 bytes, checksum: 50a5638370b612cc9c53220d6b4bede3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-25 / Today there exists an urge of the industry to create and disseminate environmentally friendly production models. The so-called Green Seal is already a requirement for entry of natural products to various markets, [Salomão, 2010]. With the intention to create a material using in its composition using vegetables leaves that weren t not originally used in the composition of any other material, Rocha et al. (2007) developed inside INPA a plate composed of leaves, resin and phenol-formoaldeyde and glass wool, which may have similar applications to other materials such as the MDF, the particleboard and plywood. The production process of the leave s plate has the following steps; obtaining the materials, crushing the leaves, drying of the leaves, preparing the mixture with the resin and leaves, hot pressing and finishing and application of preservative compound. Inputs were estimated such as the equipment required, the space (through the preparation of a layout drawing) energy consumption and costs for energy, labor and materials for implementation in industrial scale producing plates with monthly production of 800 units, with dimensions of 1.2 m x 1m x 20mm. It was observed that the composition of cost is made up of several factors and among them there is a large share of indirect costs which in turn have great influence on the unit cost of each plate. The application of direct costing provides a total direct cost of R$ 52,044.03 to manufacture 800 units of plate means about R$ 65.00 per plate and the fixed costs accounted for R $ 36.20 by plate hence R$101.20 total. Discussing investment necesssary needed to build a leave s plate factory estimated at R $ 943,000 and considering an interest rate of 6% per year, the cost per plate rises to R $ 121.10 before an expected return in five years with presentation of cost about R $ 100.9 per m² made necessary by a discussion of how it should be the implementation of the project and how the costs should be organized, it was observed that a model applied in the manner of an association would make the cost competitive with other materials market in Manaus. / Existe, hoje, uma necessidade de adequação da indústria a criar e disseminar modelos de produção ecologicamente corretos. O chamado selo verde já é uma exigência para entrada de produtos de origem natural a diversos mercados, [Salomão, 2010]. Com intenção de criar um material, onde sua composição utilizasse as folhas vegetais que originalmente não são empregadas na composição de nenhum outro material, Rocha et. al. (2007) desenvolveu, dentro do INPA, uma chapa composta por folhas, resina de fenol-formoaldeído e lã-de-vidro, que pode ter aplicações equivalentes aos de outros materiais como o MDF, o aglomerado de partículas e o compensado. O processo produtivo da chapa de folhas tem as etapas de obtenção dos materiais, trituração das folhas, secagem das folhas, preparação da mistura das folhas com a resina, prensagem a quente, acabamento e aplicação de preservante. Foram estimados os insumos, a aparelhagem necessária, o espaço físico (através da elaboração de um layout), a energia consumida e os custos para energia, mão de obra e insumos para implementação em escala industrial de produção de chapas de folhas. A produção mensal estimada foi de 800 chapas com dimensões de 1,2m x 1m x 20mm. Foi observado que a composição do custo é feita de vários fatores e, dentre eles, existe uma participação grande de custos indiretos que, por sua vez, exercem grande influência no custo unitário de cada chapa. A aplicação do custeio direto fornece um custo direto total de, aproximadamente, R$ 52000,00 para se fabricar 800 unidades de chapa, cerca de R$65,00 por chapa. Os custos fixos responderiam por R$36,20, totalizando R$101,20 por chapa. Discutindo-se o investimento necessário para implantação da fábrica, estimado em R$943.000,00, e, considerando-se taxa de juros aproximada de 6% ao ano, o custo por chapa sobe para R$ 121,10 diante de um retorno esperado em cinco anos. Diante da apresentação de um custo unitário de aproximadamente R$ 100 reais pelo m² fez-se necessária uma discussão sobre como deve ser a implementação do empreendimento e de como deve se organizar os custos, foi observado que se aplicado um modelo nos moldes de uma associação o custo seria competitivo com outros materiais no Mercado de Manaus.

O Brasil oferece para a trabalhadora formal uma legislação particular de proteção do salário e emprego. Não se sabe ao certo qual o efeito dessa proteção sobre os investimentos realizados precocemente, por outro lado, cresce a literatura que destaca a essencialidade desse tipo de investimento para formação da saúde e das habilidades cognitivas e não cognitivas dos agentes. Sabendo disso, o objetivo desta dissertação é estimar os efeitos do aumento da licença maternidade e da proteção do salário e emprego, impostos pela Constituição de 1988, sobre outputs de saúde das crianças. Para tanto, utilizamos os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde e Nutrição de 1989 e empregamos a metodologia de Diferenças-em-Diferenças que usa o fato de que a mudança constitucional possui efeitos diversos sobre as mães que trabalham no setor formal e aquelas que estão no setor informal. O principal resultado encontrado é o efeito negativo sobre a incidência de baixo-peso ao nascer dos infantes cujas mães estão expostas às mudanças constitucionais. Não foram encontrados efeitos sobre os demais outputs de saúde avaliados. / Brazil offers a special law protection of wages and employment for formal working mothers. As far as I am concerned, it is not known which effect this protection has on early investments. On the other hand, there is extended literature that highlights that this kind of investments is crucial for the development of health, cognitive and non cognitive abilities. With that in mind, the objective of this dissertation is to estimate the effects of maternity leave and protection of wages and employment, under the 1988 Constitution, on children\'s health outputs. This study uses data from the Brazilian Survey on Nutrition and Health - 1989 and the methodology of Differences-in-Differences. This methodology uses the fact that constitutional changes have different effects on mothers who work in the formal sector when compared with those who are in the informal sector. The main conclusion is the negative effect on the incidence of low-birth weight infants whose mothers are exposed to the constitutional changes. Effects were not found on other outputs of health evaluated.

O setor bancário vem sendo profundamente afetado por um processo de transformação, o qual lhe conferiu posição de liderança na incorporação de novas tecnologias e inovações organizacionais. A reestruturação produtiva sofrida pelo setor levou a adaptá-lo às novas formas de acumulação capitalista. A intensa informatização do trabalho bancário, aliada a outras mudanças estruturais do setor, que afetaram não apenas os métodos de gestão e a natureza dos produtos, mas também o próprio comportamento dos mercados, resultou em mudanças significativas nas condições de trabalho e, consequentemente, na saúde dos trabalhadores. A presente pesquisa tomou como sujeitos diversos trabalhadores bancários que foram afastados, temporária ou definitivamente, do emprego por motivos de saúde relacionados ao trabalho, com o objetivo de conhecer as implicações decorrentes desse episódio, tanto em seu trabalho, como em sua vida pessoal. Este estudo, de cunho qualitativo, é embasado no materialismo histórico dialético e foi realizado junto aos trabalhadores bancários da cidade de Uberaba-MG. O contato com os trabalhadores foi mediado pelo sindicato da categoria. Ao todo, foram realizadas 15 entrevistas semiestruturadas - todas registradas, importa referir, pelo processo de gravação. Os dados obtidos através dos depoimentos revelaram que os bancários estão continuamente submetidos à flexibilização das relações de trabalho (terceirização e rotatividade), às práticas de assédio moral, à cobrança abusiva de metas - esta última tendo sido apontada, pelos próprios trabalhadores, como a principal causa de desgaste físico e mental e à intensificação do ritmo de trabalho. A análise dos dados, à luz do referencial teórico adotado, apresenta dados aliados aos depoimentos desses trabalhadores que relacionam as condições e a organização do trabalho bancário com o adoecimento físico e mental dos mesmos, culminando, portanto, no afastamento do emprego / The banking sector has been deeply affected by a transformation process, which has given it a leadership position in the incorporation of new technologies and organizational innovations. The productive restructuring suffered by the sector led to its adjustment to the new forms of capitalist accumulation. The intense informatization of banking work, allied with other structural changes in the sector, which affected not only the management methods and the nature of the products, but also the market behavior itself, resulted in significant changes in working conditions and, thereafter, in the workers\' health. The present research chose as subjects several bank workers who were temporarily or permanently removed from work related to health reasons, in order to know the implications of this episode, both in their work and in their personal lives. This qualitative study is based on dialectical historical materialism and was carried out with the banking workers of the city of Uberaba-MG. The contact with the bank workers was mediated by the union of the category. In all, 15 semi-structured interviews were carried out - all recorded, it is important to mention, through the recording process. The data obtained through the testimony revealed that bankers are continually subjected to the flexibilization of labor relations (outsourcing and turnover), to practices of moral harassment, to the abusive collection of targets - this being pointed out by the workers themselves as the main cause of physical and mental exhaustion and the intensification of work pace. The analysis of the data, in the spotlight of the theoretical framework adopted, presents data allied to the statements of these workers that relate the conditions and the organization of the banking work with the physical and mental illness of the same, culminating, therefore, in the distance from the job

Sweden is known to have one of the world's most generous parental insurances, both in length and flexibility which has led to a high maternity rate and more women in paid work. The political work on equality in Sweden has the goal that women and men shall have the same power to shape society and their own lives. This has led to legislation aimed at getting fathers to stay more at home with their children. There has been plenty of research on this subject so this study goes off the main track and looks at how legislation around parenthood works for same-sex couples and if paternal leave is shared more equally between same-sex parents than heterosexual parents. Discourse analysis of the legislation and a survey with same-sex families followed by interviews indicate that samesex couples share parental leave more equally than heterosexual couples. Legislation works well for most same-sex families except for the process of related adoption. Reasons for more equal sharing of parental leave is hard to find but could depend on the fact that same-sex couples have been couples for a longer time, than heterosexual couples, before deciding to have children. Wage gap between men and women is a reason why heterosexual couples do not share equally and it could be vice versa for same-sex couples.

The study of human labour and its social organisation is central to our understanding of the development of human work and satisfaction. Within the developing parts of the world in the Twenty First century the question of organising work in order to facilitate growth and development is of great importance. Middle income economies, such as Pakistan, future lies with satisfying both the demands created by the basic needs of a large and growing unskilled urbanising population and the higher level needs generated by a small, yet growing, educated and skilled workforce. The current study briefly examine our understanding of work and the social organisation of employment within the critical literatures on Labour Process Theory, Well-Being and Motivation in order to contrast them with the literature within Human Resource Management. In doing so it seeks to both contextualise the discussion of work within a historical framework and develop an understanding of the role of motivation theories for job satisfaction. This thesis seeks to fill a gap in the literature by investigating a wider study of antecedents and the consequence for job satisfaction focussing specifically upon the academic staff of public and private sectors universities in Punjab, Pakistan. In particular, Herzberg’s two-factor theory and Meyer and Allen’s affective commitment models provide useful insights and observations in their relationship with job satisfaction. This thesis is using a questionnaire to examine the antecedents (organizational commitment and organizational culture) and consequences of job satisfaction (intention to leave and intention to stay). The prepared population comprised of 6,327 academic staff containing Lecturers, Assistant Professors, Associate Professors and Professors. A simple random sampling design was used to obtain 310 academic staff and usable questionnaires were obtained from 299 academic staff, 96.45% of the total sample size. The statistical techniques; Cronbach’s Alpha, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structure Equation Modelling (SEM), Spearman’s rho Correlation, Analysis of Variance Analysis (ANOVA) and Independent sample T-Test were applied to test a range of hypotheses in the current research, utilizing the soft-ware packages ‘Statistical Packages for Social Sciences’ (SPSS) and ‘Analysis of a Moment Structures’ (AMOS) version 17 and 18, respectively. The key findings of the SEM suggested thought-provoking results that are missing in the existing literature, such as there was a moderate, statistically significant positive relationships between affective commitment, supportiveness and competiveness with motivator factors. Work motivation was positively correlated with motivator factors and negatively with hygiene factors. Moreover, the hygiene factors were negatively correlated with intention to leave. There was very strong, positive relationships between motivator and hygiene factors with job satisfaction as compared to affective commitment. Furthermore, organizational commitment, organizational culture and work motivation are shown to be antecedents of job satisfaction and positively correlated with it. In addition, job satisfaction was a determinant of the intention to leave and negatively correlated with it. In general approximately 1% of the academicians out of 299 were overall dissatisfied, 49% were neutral and remaining 50% were satisfied with their jobs. The findings suggested that demographic characteristics revealed mixed results in terms of job satisfaction. The academic staff involved in research activities were comparatively more satisfied with their jobs than their counterparts. The results lead to a number of important policy implications and also develop our theoretical understanding for the quantification of job satisfaction.

Sabbaticals have long been linked to higher education institutions and their employees. Sabbaticals have been granted for the development and respite of employees teaching classes and conducting research. However, sabbaticals are not just limited to faculty at colleges or just linked to education. A number of businesses have also turned to sabbaticals to help recruit, retain, and develop employees and administrators. This study examines the practice of administrative sabbaticals to provide empirical research regarding sabbatical policies and benefits for administrative staff (professional, exempt staff). This study provides empirical research to understand how sabbaticals benefit institutions and their employees and how sabbatical policies are structured, conceptualized, and communicated. Content analysis and qualitative inquiry were used to examine sabbatical granting institutions and the individuals who use sabbaticals. This multi-institutional case study sampled a variety of institutional types in the United States. Data were obtained from 20 sabbatical policies (representing a total of 166 institutional locations) and nine semi-structured case study interviews with both the sabbicants and the administrators of the programs. The data for this study were analyzed through Amabile's organizational creativity theoretical framework. An extensive literature review on sabbaticals both inside and outside of academia provided the foundation for the study. Furthermore, document analysis of sabbatical proposals and final reports provided important background information. This study answered the following questions: How are staff sabbaticals structured and used at colleges and universities? How do administrators and sabbaticants in colleges and universities conceptualize and communicate individual and organizational benefits of staff sabbaticals? How do these individual and organizational benefits compare to the sabbatical policy?

Hospitals stand to lose millions of dollars in revenue due to patients who leave without treatment (LWT). Grounded in queueing theory, the purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship between daily arrivals, daily staffing, triage time, emergency severity index (ESI), rooming time, door-to-provider time (DTPT), and LWT rates. The target population comprised patients who visited a Connecticut emergency room between October 1, 2017, and May 31, 2018. Archival records (N = 154) were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the multiple linear regression were statistically significant, with F(9,144) = 2902.49, p < .001, and R2 = 0.99, indicating 99% of the variation in LWT was accounted for by the predictor variables. ESI levels were the only variables making a significant contribution to the regression model. The implications for positive social change include the potential for patients to experience increased satisfaction due to the high quality of care and overall improvement in public health outcomes. Hospital leaders might use the information from this study to mitigate LWT rates and modify or manage staffing levels, time that patients must wait for triage, room placement, and DTPT to decrease the rate of LWT in the emergency room.

Teacher turnover is a critical issue for the public education community because it influences student performance, school climate, and employee morale. In a large urban school district in the northeastern United States, the turnover rate has been high; teacher morale is low, and teacher participation in the school community is lacking. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of novice teachers about factors that influence their job satisfaction and their future employment. Guided by Maslow's theory of motivation-which is characterized by motivational needs that drive individuals to improved performance-this study examined the perceptions of novice teachers about job retention. The research questions focused on teachers' perceptions about factors that could influence their decision to continue or leave their teaching positions. A case study design was used to capture the insights of 8 participants using semistructured interviews, reflective journals, and a focus group. Eight emergent themes were identified from the data through open coding; they involved performance affirmations, administrator and resource support, and professional development. The findings were validated through triangulation and member checking. According to the results, novice teachers sought to collaborate in a professional learning community and to expand their professional development opportunities. Hence, a project was designed to engage teachers and administrators in initiating and sustaining professional learning communities. This study may promote positive social change by increasing employee morale, staff cohesiveness, teachers' effectiveness and reducing teacher attrition rates among novice teachers.

Thesis (M.Cur.) -- University of Limpopo, 2015 / The purpose of the study was to investigate the experiences of families towards psychiatric state patients during LOA. A qualitative, phenomenological, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was used. Non-probability sampling of the purposive type was used to explore and describe the experiences of families towards psychiatric state patients during LOA. Data were collected from ten (10) families by using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Data were audio recorded and field notes were also written. Trustworthiness was ensured by applying credibility, transferability, confirmability and dependability. Transferability was ensured by utilizing purposive sampling to include participants. Confirmability was ensured by collecting data from the participants who have experience on the problem studied. Data were analysed qualitatively by using Tech’s open coding method. Results from the study shows that families experiences uncontrolled and disruptive behaviour from the psychiatric state patients during LOA. Guidelines for the study include: Families of psychiatric state patients should receive counselling and be involved in family therapy prior and after the psychiatric state patient’s LOA. Family members of psychiatric state patient experience emotional pain, therefore they need support from multidisciplinary team members to assist them to facilitate promotion, maintenance and restoration of their mental health as an integral part of their health. Recommendations include improvement of aspects in nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research. Key words: Experiences, family, psychiatric state patients, Leave of absence. DEFINITION