The 'postmodern challenge' is increasingly felt in the 'end of modernity' to which Gianni Vattimo refers. The West and the world has hitherto been dominated by what Andrew Gamble characterises as the Modern or Western Ideology. But the validity of that worldview and its associated ways of thinking, going back to the 'Enlightenment' and beyond, has come to be radically questioned. It is within this context that the work and thought of CS Lewis is examined. Although Lewis is generally recognised, and regarded himself, as conservative and even reactionary, there is a paradoxical quality to his conservatism, the elements of which coexist with features which might be regarded as liberal and as radically socialist respectively. Similarly, his commitment to the religious and cultural tradition of Western Europe co-exists with a vehement anticolonialism. A paradoxical association of postmodermism with 'premodernity' has been widely noted in Buddhism and, by Derrida, in Eastern Christian theology. This thesis seeks to demonstrate that a paradoxical postmodernism is evident in the thought of Lewis. One source suggested for this is his interest in Eastern Christianity. Another is identified as the influence on Lewis of the opposition of Romanticism to 'Enlightenment' modernity. But Lewis's own engagement with modernity is also shown to be significant. Two broad trends in postmodernism are discussed. The affinities of Lewis's thought with the nihilistic tradition of postmodernism, going back to Nietzsche, is traced with regard to issues such as rationalism, science, the autonomy of the subject, and authorship. But the ambivalent relationship of Lewis to spiritually-oriented, affirmative postmodernism, and particularly Rudolf Steiner's Anthroposophy, is also analysed. The crucial role of Scholasticism in the development of Western thought is investigated in a comparison of Steiner's views with the Christian position of Lewis. It is concluded that there are grounds to regard Lewis as. 'prophet of postmodernism', and he is compared with Nietzsche and Pope John-Paul II in this regard. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / D. Th. (Church History)

La plateforme ferrocène est fréquemment utilisée en chimie de coordination et en catalyse pour son excellente résistance aux conditions de réaction poussées. Le squelette ferrocène permet de maîtriser l’agencement de plusieurs groupes fonctionnels d’intérêt. Des ansa-ferrocènes et des ferrocènes à conformation contrainte, permettant par leur structure de contrôler une proximité des groupes fonctionnels, ont été décrits.La première partie de cette thèse traite de la synthèse de cyclopentadiényles borylés disubstitués et de leur réaction d’assemblage pour la formation de métallocènes borylés à conformation contrainte. Des analyses par RMN et des calculs par DFT ont permis de mettre en évidence la diastéréosélectivité inédite de la synthèse.À partir de cette approche, la deuxième partie traite de l’agencement de fonctions acides/bases de Lewis sur une plateforme ferrocénique à conformation contrainte. La synthèse de cyclopentadiényles (P/B) trisubstitués a été initiée. La synthèse de ligands ambiphiles (P/B) par assemblage de cyclopentadiénures et l’influence des tertio-butyles sur leur conformation ont été explorées. Une nouvelle forme de couplage de spin à trois centres sans liaison covalente, impliquant la lacune du bore dans la transmission de spin 31P31P, a été observée en RMN pour un P,P,B-ferrocène très original.La troisième partie traite de la synthèse de ferrocènes (P/B) et (N/B) à conformation contrainte. La voie de synthèse alternative et diastéréosélective proposée s’est révélée efficace alors que le rôle des tertio butyles dans le contrôle conformationnel a été démontré. L’étude de leur réactivité de type paire frustrée de Lewis a été initiée avec le CO2. / Ferrocene platforms are useful in coordination chemistry and catalysis thanks to their robustness and versatile functionalization. Ferrocene backbone allows the implantation of several key functional groups in a restricted space, inducing close proximity and potential polyfunctional cooperation (see for instance ferrocenyl polyphosphine chemistry). Ansa ferrocene and ferrocene bearing conformational control inducing groups maximizing the proximity of key groups have been widely reported.The first part of this thesis focuses on the synthesis of new borylated cyclopentadienyl, and their use in formation of borylated metallocenes bearing conformational constraints. NMR analysis and DFT calculation exhibits the diastereoselectivity of assembly reaction.The second part deals with the arrangement of several Lewis acids and bases on a constraint ferrocene platform. Synthesis of trisubstituted cyclopentadienyl (P/B) has been initiated. Synthesis of ambiphilic ligands (P/B) by assembly reaction of cyclopentadienides and the influence of tert-butyl groups on their conformation have been explored. A new 31P31P spin coupling transmitted “through-space (nonbonded spin-spin coupling transmission) involving for the first time an empty orbital has been observed.The third part describes the synthesis of heteroannular (P/B) and (N/B) ferrocene directly from ferrocene functionalization. An efficient and diastereoselective synthesis has been developed and the influence of tert-butyl groups on the conformational control has been highlighted in both solid and solution state. Studies of the frustrated Lewis pair reactivity of these new ambiphilic ligands have been initiated by addition of CO2.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-02-19T12:43:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1245396 bytes, checksum: a1ecc307325da2e0c864335f93e5799b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-19T12:43:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1245396 bytes, checksum: a1ecc307325da2e0c864335f93e5799b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-16 / This thesis has as its goal to study the problem of evil through literature with the aid of the literary philosophical hermeneutics. In order to develop this theme, in first place, we seek to localize this study within the religion studies. We propose that hermeneutics can be a mediator among philosophy, theology, religion studies, and their respective approaches to religion. Next, we present exemplary how the discussions of philosophy, theology, and religion studies occur inside literature. We show also, briefly, how the problem of evil is placed as a theme of interest for philosophy and theology. At the end of this part, we present C. S. Lewis, the author whose work Out of the Silent Planet is the object of our study, and we expose the methodology of this thesis. In the second chapter, we discuss panoramically the problem of evil in philosophy and theology. Then, we present a panel with the major studies that examine the interface between the problem of evil and the works of C. S. Lewis. At the end of the chapter, we list the main categories/aspects of the problem of evil which are articulated in the apologetic approach of Lewis in The Problem of Pain, and that echoes in the fictional narrative of our object of study. The main categories/aspects of the problem of evil, which relate to the first volume of the Space Trilogy are: divine omnipotence, the fall of man, the human pain and the animal pain. In order to study the problem of evil in the literature, we seek in the literary philosophical hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur a model of analysis. We abstract from the work Time and Narrative the Ricoeurian triple mímesis as an itinerary for the study of Out of the Silent Planet. At last, we apply the resulting model to the analysis of the first volume of the C. S. Lewis’s Space Trilogy. In mímesis I, we study the fiction environment and the characters of the story. In mímesis II, we locate the chapter in the work where the narrative can be seen as a whole. Then, we describe how the categories/aspects of the problem of evil are articulated in this part of Out of the Silent Planet, we verify how the narrative shares elements of the literature body of the time in which it was produced, and how it breaks from this tradition. In mímesis III, we approach the values and the ethical practical implications that can be verified in the reading of the book. C. S. Lewis proposes in his narrative a theodicy from a theist Christian standpoint, using fiction to transmit his way of understanding the problem of evil and its implications. / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar o problema do mal através da literatura com o auxílio da hermenêutica filosófica literária. Para desenvolver esse tema, em primeiro lugar, buscamos localizar este estudo dentro das ciências das religiões. Propomos que a hermenêutica pode ser uma mediadora entre filosofia, teologia, ciências das religiões e suas respectivas abordagens à religião. Depois, apresentamos exemplarmente como as discussões da filosofia, da teologia e das ciências das religiões ocorrem dentro da literatura. Mostramos também, brevemente, como o problema do mal se coloca como tema de interesse para a filosofia e para a teologia. No final da primeira parte, introduzimos C. S. Lewis, o autor cuja a obra Além do planeta silencioso é o objeto do nosso estudo e expomos a metodologia dessa dissertação. No segundo capítulo, discutimos panoramicamente o problema do mal na filosofia e na teologia. Em seguida, apresentamos um painel com os principais estudos que examinam a interface entre o problema do mal e as obras de C. S. Lewis. Ao final do capítulo, elencamos as principais categorias/aspectos do problema do mal que são articuladas na abordagem apologética de Lewis em O problema do sofrimento e que ecoam na narrativa ficcional do nosso objeto de estudo. As principais categorias/aspectos do problema do mal que se relacionam com o primeiro volume da Trilogia cósmica são: a onipotência divina, a queda do homem, o sofrimento humano e o sofrimento animal. Para estudar o problema do mal na literatura, buscamos na hermenêutica filosófica literária de Paul Ricoeur um modelo de análise. Abstraímos da obra Tempo e narrativa a tríplice mimese ricoeuriana como roteiro para o estudo de Além do planeta silencioso. Por fim, aplicamos o modelo resultante à análise do primeiro volume da Trilogia cósmica de C. S. Lewis. Em mímesis I, estudamos a ambientação da ficção e os personagens da história. Em mímesis II, localizamos o capítulo da obra onde a narrativa pode ser vista como um todo. Então, descrevemos como as categorias/aspectos do problema do mal são articuladas nessa parte de Além do planeta silencioso, verificamos como a narrativa compartilha elementos do corpo literário da época em que foi produzida e como ela rompe com essa tradição. Em mímesis III, abordamos os valores e as implicações éticas práticas que podem ser verificadas na leitura do livro. C. S. Lewis propõe em sua narrativa uma teodiceia desde um ponto de vista teísta cristão, utilizando-se da ficção para transmitir sua maneira de entender o problema do mal e suas implicações.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelMT.pdf: 3042261 bytes, checksum: b39fc693fd50baff1ab814faffa9efa3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-07 / Notable mathematics teacher, Lewis Carroll, pseudonym of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (1832-1898), made the mixture of mathematics with literature a ludic environment for learning that discipline. Author of Alice s Adventures In Wonderland and its sequel Alice Through The Looking Glass, he eventually created a real and complex universe which uses what we call the logic of the nonsense as an element to motivate the development of mathematical thinking of the reader, taking it as well, learn by establishing a link between the concrete (mathematics) and the imaginary (their universe). In order to investigate and discuss the educational potential of their works and state some elements that can contribute to a decentralized math education from the traditional method of following the models and decorate formulas, we visited his works based on the studies of archeology of knowledge (FOUCAULT, 2007), the rational thought and symbolic thinking (VERGANI, 2003) and about the importance of stories and narratives to the development of human cognition (FARIAS, 2006). Through a descriptive, analytical study, we used the literary construction and presented part of our study in form of a mathematical novel, to give the mathematical school a particular charm, without depriving it of its basics properties as discipline and content. Our study showed how the works of Carroll have a strong didactic element that can deploy in various activities of study and teaching for mathematics classes / Ex?mio professor de matem?tica, Lewis Carroll, pseud?nimo de Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (1832 1898), fez da mistura da matem?tica com a literatura um ambiente l?dico para a aprendizagem dessa disciplina. Autor dos conhecidos Alice no pa?s das Maravilhas e Alice atrav?s do espelho, acabou criando um universo real e complexo no qual se utiliza do que chamamos l?gica do nonsense como elemento para motivar o desenvolvimento do pensamento matem?tica do leitor, levando-o, assim, a aprender, estabelecendo uma liga??o entre o concreto (matem?tica) e o imagin?rio (seu universo). Com o objetivo de investigar e discutir as potencialidades did?ticas de suas obras e de elencar alguns elementos que possam contribuir para uma educa??o matem?tica descentralizada da tradicional metodologia de seguir os modelos e decorar f?rmulas, visitamos suas obras tendo por base os estudos sobre arqueologia do saber (FOUCAULT, 2007), o pensamento racional e o pensamento simb?lico (VERGANI, 2003) e sobre a import?ncia das hist?rias e narrativas para o desenvolvimento da cogni??o humana (FARIAS, 2006). Por meio de um estudo descritivo-anal?tico, utilizamos a constru??o liter?ria, apresentamos parte de nosso estudo na forma de um romance matem?tico, visando conferir ? matem?tica escolar um encanto particular, sem privar-lhe de suas propriedades b?sicas enquanto disciplina e conte?do. Nosso estudo mostrou o quanto as obras de Carroll possuem uma forte vertente did?tica que pode se desdobrar nas mais variadas atividades de estudo e ensino para as aulas de matem?tica

As novas tecnologias de comunicação têm transformado sobremaneira o mundo em que vivemos, incluindo aí a cultura. Neste contexto, muito se discute sobre o futuro da literatura e dos livros, mas este estudo evita especular sobre a permanência ou não do objeto livro e prefere investigar as possibilidades da criação literária diante de novos suportes de leitura, em especial o iPad. Assim como outrora a invenção da imprensa forjou o romance e a popularização das revistas e jornais consolidou o conto moderno, investiga-se de que forma ferramentas próprias das novas tecnologias são utilizadas para a criação de textos literários diferentes do texto impresso, a chamada literatura digital. Para fazer essa comparação, foram usados os dois célebres romances de Lewis Carroll, Alice no País das Maravilhas e Através do Espelho e o que Alice Encontrou por lá, e duas versões da Atomic Antelope, de Chris Stephens, para iPad: Alice for iPad e Alice in New York. Ao final do estudo, que discute também a questão do fim do livro e da literatura, traçando um longo histórico da leitura e contextualizando o livro no que se chama de Era Digital, espera-se mostrar como as possibilidades de criação para plataformas digitais podem ir além do que hoje entendemos por livros, motivo pelo qual a permanência da literatura, independente do seu suporte, está assegurada. / New communication technologies have immensely changed the world in which we live, as well as its culture. Within such context, much has been discussed about the future of literature and books. This study avoided speculating about the persistence of books as physical objects, and, rather, investigated the possibilities of literary creation in face of the new reading media, particularly the iPad. As the invention of the press forged the novel, and the popular spread of magazines and newspapers consolidated modern short stories in the past, we currently investigate how new technological tools may be used to create literary texts, called digital literature, that are different from the print-based text. For this comparison, we used two renowned novels by Lewis Carroll, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There, and two versions of the Atomic Antelope, by Chris Stephens, for iPad: Alice for iPad and Alice in New York. This study also discussed the possible demise of books and literature by outlining the long history of reading that has set the context for books in the Digital Era; Therefore, it demonstrated that the possibilities of literary creation for digital platforms may go beyond what we understand to be books today, which is why the persistence of literature, regardless of what medium it uses, is ensured.

As novas tecnologias de comunicação têm transformado sobremaneira o mundo em que vivemos, incluindo aí a cultura. Neste contexto, muito se discute sobre o futuro da literatura e dos livros, mas este estudo evita especular sobre a permanência ou não do objeto livro e prefere investigar as possibilidades da criação literária diante de novos suportes de leitura, em especial o iPad. Assim como outrora a invenção da imprensa forjou o romance e a popularização das revistas e jornais consolidou o conto moderno, investiga-se de que forma ferramentas próprias das novas tecnologias são utilizadas para a criação de textos literários diferentes do texto impresso, a chamada literatura digital. Para fazer essa comparação, foram usados os dois célebres romances de Lewis Carroll, Alice no País das Maravilhas e Através do Espelho e o que Alice Encontrou por lá, e duas versões da Atomic Antelope, de Chris Stephens, para iPad: Alice for iPad e Alice in New York. Ao final do estudo, que discute também a questão do fim do livro e da literatura, traçando um longo histórico da leitura e contextualizando o livro no que se chama de Era Digital, espera-se mostrar como as possibilidades de criação para plataformas digitais podem ir além do que hoje entendemos por livros, motivo pelo qual a permanência da literatura, independente do seu suporte, está assegurada. / New communication technologies have immensely changed the world in which we live, as well as its culture. Within such context, much has been discussed about the future of literature and books. This study avoided speculating about the persistence of books as physical objects, and, rather, investigated the possibilities of literary creation in face of the new reading media, particularly the iPad. As the invention of the press forged the novel, and the popular spread of magazines and newspapers consolidated modern short stories in the past, we currently investigate how new technological tools may be used to create literary texts, called digital literature, that are different from the print-based text. For this comparison, we used two renowned novels by Lewis Carroll, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There, and two versions of the Atomic Antelope, by Chris Stephens, for iPad: Alice for iPad and Alice in New York. This study also discussed the possible demise of books and literature by outlining the long history of reading that has set the context for books in the Digital Era; Therefore, it demonstrated that the possibilities of literary creation for digital platforms may go beyond what we understand to be books today, which is why the persistence of literature, regardless of what medium it uses, is ensured.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-16T13:11:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 liliancarvalhomoreira.pdf: 6233245 bytes, checksum: 5463d90e79e4c76afef6e028bbe548fc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T14:13:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 liliancarvalhomoreira.pdf: 6233245 bytes, checksum: 5463d90e79e4c76afef6e028bbe548fc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T14:13:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 liliancarvalhomoreira.pdf: 6233245 bytes, checksum: 5463d90e79e4c76afef6e028bbe548fc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T14:13:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 liliancarvalhomoreira.pdf: 6233245 bytes, checksum: 5463d90e79e4c76afef6e028bbe548fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-13 / As Aventuras de Alice no País das Maravilhas e Através do Espelho e o que Alice Encontrou Lá , os livros mais famosos de Lewis Carroll, foram amplamente traduzidos intersemióticamente nos últimos 150 anos. Uma enorme quantidade de ilustrações, peças, balés, músicas, filmes, programas de TV e outros foram feitos por artistas conceituados e menos conhecidos. Não existe, no entanto, uma abordagem sistemática desse fenômeo no campo específico da intermidialidade e da tradução intersemiótica. Dois exemplos notáveis servirão para análise: uma famosa série de TV de Jim Henson, The Muppet Show , que foi ao ar entre 1976 e 1981, estrelando fantoches e uma pessoa convidada em que um episódio da quinta temporada levou Brooke Shields interpretando Alice em 1980; e um filme de 1988 com uma mistura de stop motion e animação pelo muitas diretor tcheco vezes premiado, Jan Švankmajer, intitulado Neco z Alenky . Pretendemos aqui comparar essas duas traduções dos romances de Alice, em que os tradutores escolheram características do livro opostas entre si, porém ambas de importância fundamental para a fonte. / Alice’s Adventures In Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass And What Alice Found There , Lewis Carroll’s most famous books, have been widely intersemiotically translated throughout the last 150 years. A number of illustration, plays, ballets, songs, movies, TV shows and others was made by renowned and lesser known artists. There is not, however, a systematic approach of this phenomenon in a more strict field of analysis of intermediality and intersemiotic translations. Two notable examples will serve for analysis: a famous TV series by Jim Henson, The Muppet Show , aired from 1976 to 1981, featuring puppets and a human guest, in which an episode from the fifth season starred Brooke Shields playing Alice in 1980; and 1988 film with a blend of stop motion animation by multiple prize winner Czech director Jan Švankmajer, called Neco z Alenky . We intend to compare these translations of Alice’s novels, in which translators choose opposingly distinct characteristics of the books, but both of fundamental importance to the source.

Bien qu'étudiée depuis plus de 100 ans, la détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de combustion reste compliquée. Dans ce travail de thèse, la configuration de flamme sphérique en expansion a été choisie. Cependant, il apparait plusieurs formulation pour cette vitesse de combustion. Ces dernières sont liées au référentiel de mesure qui est lié 1) au laboratoire, 2) au front de flamme et 3) au taux de réaction. Ces 3 formulations, bien que différentes par définition, doivent cependant converger vers une seule et unique valeur correspondant à la vitesse de combustion laminaire à étirement nul. Une étude comparant ces formulations pour des mélanges gazeux au nombre de Lewis bien défini a été menée. Il est montré que la formulation associée au front de flamme permet d'extraire une vitesse de combustion s'abstenant de toute hypothèse. Cette technique a été ensuite appliquée pour déterminer la vitesse de combustion de mélanges issoctane/éthanol et leur dépendance en pression (10 bars). / Laminar burning velocity is very useful for both combustion modeling and kinetic scheme validationand improvement. Accurate experimental data are needed. To achieve this, the spherical flame method was chosen. However various expression for burning velocity from the spherically expanding flame can be found. A theorical review details all the expressions and models for the burning veolcity and shows how they can be obtained experimentally. These models were comparated considering basic fuels - various Lewis numbers. As a result, it is shown that the pure kinematic measurement method is the only one thet does not introduce any assumptions. This kinematic measurement had needed the development and validation of an original post-processing tool. Following the theorical review, a parametric experimental study is presented. The new technique is extended to extract burning velocity and Markstein length relative to the fresh gas for pure ethanol, isooctane and blended fuels at high pressure.

Protocols for the FLP-mediated transformation of ethers are presented. Distinct reaction pathways involving either C–O or C–H bond activation occur depending on the application of oxophilic B(C6F5)3 or hydridophilic tritylium ions as the Lewis acid.

Grâce à l’utilisation de catalyseurs sacrifiables issus, la plupart du temps, du groupe principal ou de la première période des éléments de transition, des nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse pour accéder à des molécules complexes ont été développées au cours de cette thèse. i) Des bicyclolactones ont été synthétisées par addition intramoléculaire de β-cétoesters sur des diènes-1,3 catalysée par un système coopératif de Bi(OTf)₃ et d’HOTf. ii) le motif 7-alcynylcycloheptatriène a été étudié et a permis d’accéder sélectivement à différents produits issus soit d’une cycloisomérisation d’énynes-1,6 ou d’une hydroarylation d’allènes, en fonction du caractère dur ou mou de l’acide de Lewis utilisé. iii) Ce motif a ensuite été utilisé comme plateforme pour accéder à des molécules polycycliques en présence d’acides de Lewis ou à des bromophénylallènes en présence d’un agent de bromation. Les bromoallènes ainsi formés ont pu être engagé dans des réactions de couplages C-C et C-N ou dans une réaction de CH-propargylation. iv) La N-éthylation réductrice d’imines en présence d’éthanol et d’un complexe de fer facilement accessible a été étudiée et a conduit à la formation d’amines tertiaires portant trois substituants différents. / Due to the use of sacrificial catalysts, most of the time derived from main group elements or 1st row transition metal, new methodologies were developed in this thesis to access complex molecules. i) Bicyclolactones were synthesized by an intramolecular addition of β-ketoesters into 1,3-dienes catalyzed by a cooperative Bi(OTf)₃ / HOTf catalytic system. ii) The 7-alkynylcyclohepatriene moiety was studied and afforded different products provided by a cycloisomerization of 1,6-enynes or an hydroarylation of allenes. The selectivity of this reaction is dependent of the soft or hard character of the Lewis acids engaged. iii) Afterward, the 7-alkynylcycloheptatriene moeity was used as a plateform to access various polycyclic molecules in presence of Lewis acids or bromophenylallenes in presence of a bromation agent. Thus the bromoallene formed can be engaged in C-C and C-N cross coupling reactions or in a CH propargylation reaction. iv) The reductive ethylation of imines using ethanol and a simple iron complex was developed and led to the formation of tertiary amines with three different substituents.