L’histoire de France est marquée depuis le XVIe siècle par l’uniformisation linguistique. La République a ouvert son ère par une Terreur politique qui s’est accompagnée de Terreur linguistique. Depuis, France et français sont intimement liés dans l’organisation comme dans les imaginaires politiques. Or, à un moment récent et bref de l’histoire de France, lors de la XIème législature [1997-2002], le débat a émergé quant à l’opportunité de reconnaitre une diversité linguistique de moins en moins importante sur le territoire national, les locuteurs des langues régionales disparaissant progressivement par un pur effet démographique. En effet, le débat sur la Charte européenne des langues régionales ou minoritaires [1999] puis sur le statut de la Corse [2001] a occupé la scène politique et médiatique française comme rarement les questions de statut des langues en France l’avaient fait. La multiplicité des lieux d’expression et des conditions de production et de réception des discours politiques a nécessité, pour aborder ce que les médias nomment « la classe politique » et que nous définissons comme une communauté discursive, la construction d’un corpus fortement hétérogène. Séances parlementaires à l’Assemblée nationale ou au Sénat, rapports, avis, projets ou propositions de loi, questions au gouvernement, mais également expression de la communauté discursive des hommes et des femmes politiques dans la presse écrite et audiovisuelle ont été réunis pour tenter de saisir le débat dans son ensemble. L’hétérogénéité constitutive du corpus a justifié un traitement différencié des sous corpus, en fonction de leur lieu de production et de leurs conditions de transmission : le corpus parlementaire, représentant plus de 250000 mots a fait l’objet d’un traitement automatique par Lexico3, ce qui a permis d’entrer dans le corpus. Le traitement lexicométrique de l’ensemble parlementaire et traitement manuel des corpus médiatiques ont été articulés de manière féconde : une analyse de discours à entrée lexicale a été possible grâce à la façon dont le traitement automatique a mis en valeur des phénomènes de catégorisation opérées par les locuteurs au moyen du lexique. L’approche lexico-sémantique a été complétée d’une cartographie des arguments en présence : la communauté discursive des hommes politiques dessine des imaginaires sociodiscursifs. Des idéologies concurrentes de ce qu’est la Nation et de son devenir s’opposent alors. / French history is influenced, since the 16th century, by language standardisation. The French Republic has started its era through political Terror that was completed by language Terror. Since, France and French have been intertwined in terms of politics as well as in terms of collective representations. However, in recent years, during the mandate of L. Jospin as a Prime Minister [1997-2002], France debated about the possibility of acknowledging its language diversity. Although, for mere demographic reasons, this diversity is fading away, it meets a strong social support. In 1999, with the opportunity of signing the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages and in 2001 at the time where a possible new status was debated for Corsica, a language debate finally took place in France. From this debate, we built a corpus constructed to take into account all accessible discourse produced by French political personnel, seen as a discursive community. The consequence of such a project is a highly heterogeneous corpus, where Parliament debates, reports, law propositions etc. adjoin excerpts from written and audiovisual media. This heterogeneity commanded to approach the data differently: the vast corpus gathered from the Parliament [250,000 words approx.] underwent statistical treatment through Lexico3. This lexico-semantic analysis was hinged on manual analysis of the somewhat numerically smaller media corpus thanks to the lexical categorisation phenomena that were put into light via statistics. This lexico-semantic approach was completed by the analysis of the arguments deployed by different sides of the discursive community, as well as by an exploration of their collective representations of language management. Ideology about both the Nation and its future emerge from the debate, on a much wider scale than for languages [country’s unity, human rights, diversity, etc.].

[pt] Este trabalho investiga os valores do prefixo re- enquanto elemento morfológico utilizado na formação de verbos no Português do Brasil e focaliza a questão da produtividade lexical em sua relação com o aspecto polissêmico e/ou multifuncional dos processos de formação de palavras. De início, analisam-se diferentes abordagens da formação de palavras por prefixação na descrição do português e revisam-se os preceitos da gramática tradicional, a perspectiva estruturalista e a abordagem gerativista em relação ao fenômeno. Em seguida, são apresentadas e analisadas diferentes proposições descritivas sobre o prefixo re- na língua portuguesa.. Discute-se a seguir a complexa noção de produtividade na Teoria Lexical e introduz-se a questão da polissemia nas construções lexicais e sua relevância na determinação da produtividade de processos específicos de formação de palavras. A partir das questões teóricas levantadas, procede-se à análise da relação produtividade/polissemia no processo de adição do prefixo re- para a formação de verbos no português. Os resultados da análise, baseada num corpus de língua escrita jornalística contemporânea e num corpus, de tamanho equivalente, de língua falada culta (dados do Projeto NURC), evidenciam o caráter polissêmico do prefixo re- no português contemporâneo e revelam a precariedade de abordagens correntes que privilegiam a noção de repetição como único aporte semântico produtivo do prefixo re- na formação de verbos. A investigação revela ainda que é possível prever pela semântica do verbo o(s) significado(s) de uma eventual formação com o prefixo re-, configurando-se, portanto, a delimitação de um conjunto de construções lexicais possíveis na língua, juntamente com seus significados, o que indica que a multiplicidade de sentidos de re- não é aleatória, antes constitui um fenômeno derivado de conjunções de significados que levam a uma direção funcional na formação de palavras por prefixação. / [en] This work investigates the meanings of the prefix re- as a morphological element used in verb formation in Brazilian Portuguese. It concentrates on the question of lexical productivity and its relation to the polysemic and/ or multifunctional aspect of word formation. Initially, we analyse several approaches to word formation by prefixation in Portuguese, examining the precepts of traditional grammar, the point of view of the structuralists and the generative view on the phenomenon. Then we present and discuss different descriptive proposals for the prefix re- in Portuguese. Next, we discuss the complex notion of productivity in lexical theory and introduce the question of polysemy in lexical constructions and its relevance in determining specific processes in word formation. Having in mind the theoretical issues brought into our previous discussion, we then analyse the relation between productivity and polysemy in the Word Formation Rule of re- addition in Portuguese verb formation. The analysis is based on corpora consisting both of contemporary written newspaper language and of standard spoken language (NURC data) of about the same length. Our results reveal the polysemic nature of the prefix re- in contemporary Portuguese and point to the precariousness of current descriptions which focus on the notion of repetition as being the sole productive semantic contribution of the prefix re- in verb formation. Furthermore, the research shows that it is possible to predict the meaning(s) of a re- + V formation on the basis of the semantic properties of the basic verb. This strongly supports the hypothesis that the multiplicity of meanings of the prefix re- does not constitute a case of random or incidental polysemy, but rather accounts for a phenomenon generated by a convergence of meanings which leads towards a functional direction in word formation by prefixation.

[pt] O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar subsídios para a elaboração automática, a partir de corpus, de ontologias específicas quanto ao domínio. Para tanto, assumo que determinadas relações semânticas, como a hiperonímia, podem estar sistematicamente expressas em textos por meio de determinados padrões léxico-sintáticos. Tomando como ponto de partida alguns desses padrões, descritos originalmente em Hearst (1992, 1998), (i) identifico novos padrões para a expressão da relação de hiperonímia; (ii) adapto e refino três padrões já existentes (Hearst, 1992), tendo em vista especificidades da língua portuguesa; (iii) faço um cruzamento entre as informações extraídas com os padrões, a fim de gerar inferências. A perspectiva teórica subjacente é inspirada por reflexões wittgensteinianas sobre o significado, e se mostrou produtiva na medida em que legitima os dados vindos do corpus e as relações de significado que nele aparecem. O modelo de ontologia proposto caracteriza-se principalmente por: (i) não conter categorias pré-definidas, já que categorias são construtos humanos, abstrações que refletem uma perspectiva particular do mundo. A idéia de sustentar a ontologia em corpus busca deslocar o espaço de discussão sobre quais seriam as categorias relevantes de um domínio: as categorias que emergem do corpus refletiriam o conhecimento implícito do domínio em questão; (ii) não conter definições criadas a priori, sendo o significado de cada item decorrente das relações entre as palavras. A metodologia - extração das relações por meio de regras e posterior cruzamento para a realização de inferências - foi aplicada em um corpus do domínio saúde e um corpus genérico. Os resultados positivos indicam que sua utilização pode ser uma importante aliada na elaboração de ontologias e, também, uma ferramenta de auxílio a lexicógrafos e a sistemas de classificação semântica de nomes próprios. Em termos gerais, a metodologia apresenta como principais vantagens (i) a facilidade na automação do processo, minimizando a intervenção humana; (ii) facilidade na categorização de domínios especializados; (iii) maior dinamicidade, pois o fato de o corpus poder ser constantemente atualizado faz com que esteja menos sujeito a falhas. / [en] The main goal of this work is to present an automated method for building domain-specific corpus-based ontologies. The assumption is that semantic relationships, such as hypernym, can be systematically expressed through lexicalsyntactic patterns. Starting with some of these patterns, originally described in Hearst (1992), I (i) identify new patterns that express hypernym; (ii) adapt three other patterns (Hearst, 1992), considering specificities of the Portuguese language; and (iii) intersect these results, in order to produce inferences. The theoretical approach is inspired by the wittgensteinian ideas about meaning. The resulting ontology´s most prominent features are: (i) the fact that it does not have a priori categories, since categories are human constructs, abstractions that reflect a particular world view. Instead of discussing what should be the main categories in a domain, sustaining the ontology on corpora assumes that the corpus reflects the implicit knowledge of a given domain; and (ii) the fact that it does not have a priori definitions: the meaning of a word is derived from its relations with other words. The method - automatic extraction of semantic relations through rules, and the intersection of this information in order to produce inferences - was applied to two corpora: a health domain corpus and a generic corpus. The positive results show that the method can be very useful in ontology building and it can also be a valuable tool for lexicographers and named entity recognition systems. The main advantages of the method are (i) the simplicity of automating the process of ontology building; (ii) the ease of categorizing specialized domains, and (iii) its dynamicity, since the possibility of constantly updating the corpus makes it less subject to errors.

(in English): Focal point of presented thesis is concurence of certain lexico-semantic alternations, more specifically of the locative ones. Opening chapters deal with their definition and conception in theoretical frames of FGP and CxG. Following passages concentrate on specification of alternating contructions, their concurence and semantical restriction of alternating verbs. The second, core chapter of the thesis presents a corpus-based, quantitative and qualitative study of several Czech alternating verbs (cpát, balit, nakládat, napouštět, nalévat and plnit). It deals mainly with the question of distrubition of each construction and alternation capacity of aforementioned verbs. It verificates some hypotheses concerning pronominality, number and grammatical complexity of arguments. At the same time it aspires to bring a few new points and perspectives into Czech locative alternation discourse.

[pt] A presente pesquisa identifica e analisa o significado de 25 colocações com cores. As colocações com cores apresentam diferentes significados conforme sejam utilizadas literal ou metaforicamente; este último uso, em particular, pode diferir de forma acentuada em diferentes culturas; para sua compreensão, portanto, torna-se imprescindível considerar o contexto de uso. Avaliando as pistas cotextuais e contextuais que tornam seu sentido metafórico ou não, são analisadas colocações de estrutura substantivo mais adjetivo de cor, e as cores elencadas são amarelo, vermelho, azul, verde, preto e branco. A análise lança mão de pressupostos teóricos do interculturalismo, do funcionalismo e da lexicultura, a fim de se demonstrar que os aspectos semânticos das metáforas de cor podem revelar características culturais do Brasil. Foram coletadas, analisadas e interpretadas cinquenta ocorrências de cada colocação no Brazilian Portuguese Corpus, propondo-se para cada colocação uma fórmula descritiva que inclui: estrutura, ocorrências encontradas, ocorrências consideradas, ocorrências não metafóricas, e metáfora conceitual. Os resultados revelam que o significado literal do substantivo tende a se manter enquanto as cores perdem seu sentido primário, sofrendo um processo de deslexicalização. Além disso, o cotexto e o contexto demonstram-se fundamentais para a construção e interpretação semântica da colocação metafórica. / [en] This research identifies and analyses the meaning of 25 collocations with color words. Collocations with color words show different meanings, depending on whether its usage is literal or metaphorical. Each culture interprets colors differently, what influences the metaphorical meanings, then, to comprehend them it becomes necessary to considering the communicative context. Evaluating the cotext and the context clues that make their meaning metaphorical or not, analyzed collocations formed by noun plus color adjective have been analyzed. The chosen colors are black, white, yellow, red, blue, green, and purple. The analysis is based on the theoretical concepts of Interculturalism, Functionalism, and Lexicogrammar so as to demonstrate that the semantic aspects of color metaphors can reveal cultural characteristics of Brazil. In order to carry out the study, fifty occurrences of each collocation, retrieved from the Brazilian Portuguese Corpus, are collected, analyzed and interpreted. A descriptive formula for each collocation is then proposed, including structure, found occurrences, considered occurrences, non-metaphorical occurrences, and conceptual metaphor. The results have shown that, in most cases, the literal meaning of the noun is maintained, and the color word suffers delexicalization, losing its literal meaning. Also, the cotext and the context are essential for the semantic interpretation of the metaphor collocation.

[pt] Este trabalho investiga as formações deverbais X-do, com o objetivo de determinar até que ponto tais formações estariam circunscritas à classe dos adjetivos ou, ao contrário, apresentariam propriedades também de substantivos. Inicialmente discorre-se sobre o problema da classificação de palavras segundo diferentes perspectivas, tais como as da gramática tradicional e a do Estruturalismo. A seguir, trata-se da questão da conversão categorial e do tratamento dado pela gramática tradicional (como derivação imprópria) e pela Morfologia Lexicalista com respeito às categorias lexicais. Ademais, trata-se da questão da relação entre o adjetivo em –do e a função gramatical do particípio passado. Também se aborda o papel da metonímia ao lado do processo morfológico de formação de nomes de afetado do tipo X-do. Finalmente, discorrese acerca de casos específicos, coletados a partir do jornal O Globo durante dois meses. O apêndice constitui-se de testes elaborados a fim de identificar quais formações ocorrem como substantivos convertidos, quais ocorrem como substantivos apenas em contextos restritos a ocorrências genéricas e quais ocorrem apenas como adjetivos. As conclusões são apresentadas a partir dos resultados verificados mediante a aplicação dos testes. / [en] This work investigates X-do type deverbal constructions, in order to determine whether such constructions are restricted to the class of adjectives or, on the contrary, they would also present properties that are also typical of nouns. Firstly, we consider the problem regarding word classes according to different perspectives, such as Traditional Grammar and Structuralism. Then, we discuss categorial conversion and its treatment in Traditional Grammar and Lexicalist Morphology. Also, we discuss the relation between the X-do type adjective and the past participle grammatical function. We approach the role of metonymy as well, in connection with X-do formations corresponding to patient or affected roles. Finally, we analyze specific cases, collected from O Globo newspaper for the period of two months. The appendix consists of tests elaborated in order to identify which formations occur as nouns formed by conversion and which occur only as adjectives. Conclusions are presented according to the results obtained through the application of the tests.

[pt] O objetivo deste estudo é contrastar as línguas portuguesa e inglesa no que diz respeito às nominalizações gerundivas e aos derivados nominais, uma vez que as gerundivas só ocorrem morfologicamente no inglês e têm grande previsibilidade semântica enquanto os derivados nominais apresentam variedade semântica, assim sendo de pouca previsibilidade (Chomsky, 1970). Com este objetivo foram selecionados dois livros escritos originalmente no inglês, de cada um dos quais aleatoriamente tomou-se um capítulo para servir de corpus para a investigação. A análise do corpus nos levou às seguintes conclusões: (a) no português, a equivalência para as gerundivas de ação do inglês é fundamentalmente o Infinitivo nominal; (b) para os nominais de ação, a equivalência é um substantivo deverbal; (c) diversas estruturas verbais são possíveis como equivalência no português para as gerundivas factuais; e (d) ao contrário do que se previa, também os derivados nominais apresentam grande previsibilidade de interpretação, configurando-se uma situação de polissemia sistemática. / [en] The goal of this study is to investigate English and Portuguese with regard to gerundive nominalizations and derived nominals. Gerundive Nominalizations only occur in English and are regular and semantically predictable, while derived nominals are not regular and have a great range of semantic interpretations, therefore little predictability (Chomsky, 1970). In order to proceed to the contrastive study we selected two books originally written in English, from each of which a chapter was randomly taken to serve as a corpus for the analysis. Our analysis led to the following conclusions: (a) In Portuguese, the nominal infinitive is systematically used for the action gerundive structures of English; (b) for the action nominal, the Portuguese correspondence is a deverbal noun; (c) there are different verbal structures to represent factual gerundives in Portuguese; and (d) as an unexpected result, derived nominal do have semantic predictability, situation which could be considered as one of systematic polysemy.

De par leur présence à l’interface entre plusieurs domaines linguistiques (phonologie, morpho-syntaxe, sémantique ou pragmatique), les déterminants ont depuis longtemps suscité l’intérêt des chercheurs en acquisition. On trouve ainsi de nombreux travaux portant notamment sur les contraintes phono-prosodiques, lexico-syntaxiques, sémantiques ou pragmatiques à l’œuvre dans le processus d’acquisition de ces formes, mais peu d’entre eux ont cherché à proposer une analyse combinée de ces facteurs, en tenant compte à la fois des morphèmes adultes et des formes de transition (omissions et fillers). Nous avons donc souhaité, dans le cadre de ce travail, décrire l’émergence des déterminants et de leurs proto-formes en essayant de saisir, dans une perspective multidimensionnelle intégrant à la fois des facteurs distributionnels et fonctionnels, quels facteurs influencent le plus ce processus, et à quelles périodes.Cette thèse repose sur l’analyse d’un corpus longitudinal de quatre enfants, âgés de 1;6 pour le plus jeune lors de la première séance sélectionnée à 3;5 pour le plus âgé lors de la dernière. Nous avons repéré au sein de ce corpus tous les noms produits par les enfants ainsi que les formes les précédant et chaque syntagme a fait l’objet d’une analyse phono-prosodique, lexico-syntaxique, sémantique, pragmatique et discursive.Les résultats montrent d’une part que tous les facteurs distributionnels peuvent - à des degrés différents - influencer la production des formes pré-nominales, et d’autre part, que les usages que les enfants font des formes témoignent d’une sensibilité précoce à certains contrastes pragmatico-discursifs. Toutefois, aucun des facteurs pris séparément n’a permis de rendre compte de l’intégralité des productions des enfants. L’analyse conjointe de ces facteurs distributionnels et fonctionnels a confirmé les tendances dégagées au préalable et a mis en évidence l’influence d’un ensemble de facteurs (et en particulier, phono-prosodique, syntaxique et pragmatique) plus que d’un facteur unique ou prédominant tout au long du processus d’acquisition des déterminants. / Given their presence at the crossroads of different linguistic fields (phonology, morphosyntax, semantics or pragmatics), determiners have for a long time aroused the interest of language acquisition researchers. We thus find several studies dealing with the phono-prosodic, lexical and syntactic, semantic or pragmatic constraints involved in the acquisition of determiners. But only few of them have provided a combined analysis of all these factors, considering both adult morphemes and transitional forms (omissions and filler syllables). Our study aims to describe the emergence of filler syllables and determiners and understand - in a multidimensional perspective examining simultaneously distributional and functional factors - which factors may affect the acquisition process, and over which periods of time.Our study is based on a corpus of four children, aged from 1;6 for the youngest in the first selected session to 3;5 for the eldest in the last session. We first identified all the noun phrases produced in the data and each occurrence was then analysed according to phono-prosodic, lexical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and discursive factors.Our results show that each distributional factor may influence, at different degrees, the production of pre-nominal forms and that children’s use of forms shows early sensitivity to pragmatic factors. However, none of the factors taken separately have accounted for all of the children’s productions. An additional combined analysis of both distributional and functional factors has supported the initial trends and highlighted the influence of a series of factors (and in particular, phono-prosodic, syntactic and pragmatic), more than a single and predominant one throughout the acquisition process of determiners.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LAEL - Maria Otilia Guimaraes Ninin.pdf: 2933716 bytes, checksum: 8358a23a1e0515c4559eee84d2fcdade (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research aims to discuss and characterize the Collaborative Research, considered as an activity system that offers an important context for the critical-collaborative construction of the knowledge in educational environments. In order to delineate the differences between collaborative research and collaborative actions in the research , I discussed the actions of the research, in order to bring about in the researchers, a reflection about their responsibility in relation to the researched contexts, considering that the collaborative research presumes the intervention of those involved in direction of their own transformation and, above all, to the researched situation. In this way, this work chose as a base for the research study, a continued professional development project in school, based on the relations between the researcher and professionals who work as director and pedagogical coordinator in state schools in the region of the Greater São Paulo. From the data collected in this context and with the discoursive analysis of the interactions, the collaborative research was discussed. As a foundation to the discussions, this study is based on the social-culturalhistorical activity theory (Vygotsky, 1934/2000, 1978/2000; Engeström, 1987, 1993, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005; Daniels, 1993, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2006, and others), on the discussions about qualitative methodology of research (Bredo & Feinberg, 1982; Cole & Knowles, 1993; Demo, 2004), on the theory of pedagogical discourse (Bernstein, 1971, 1990, 1993, 2000), on the role of the language discussed by the systemic functional linguistics (Halliday, 1973, 1985.1994; Halliday & Hasan, 1989, and others), and, basically, on the discussions about collaboration (Magalhães, 1990, 1992, 1994, 196, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2003; Brookfield & Preskill, 1999; Bray et al., 2000, and others). Parts of reports or transcriptions about meetings between researcher and participants were selected and analyzed, chosen amongst a set of 55 meetings. The intention of analyzing the excerpts was to understand how the methodological actions that characterize the collaborative research process became themselves the organizers of the participants learning. In relation to the transformationpermanence of the activity systems, the results show that its elements, when were worked by means of the actions of the expansive learning net, were redressed or partially redressed for researcher and participants. The results also show that the relationship developed between researcher and participants were redressed and reorganized by the actions of the collaborative research / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal discutir e caracterizar a Pesquisa Colaborativa, considerada como um sistema de atividade que propicia um importante contexto para a construção crítico-colaborativa do conhecimento, em ambientes educacionais. Em busca de delinear as diferenças entre pesquisa colaborativa e ações colaborativas na pesquisa , discuti as ações da pesquisa, a fim de desencadear nos pesquisadores uma reflexão sobre sua responsabilidade em relação aos contextos pesquisados, uma vez que a pesquisa colaborativa pressupõe a intervenção dos envolvidos em direção à sua própria transformação e, acima de tudo, da situação pesquisada. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho escolheu como base para estudos de pesquisa um projeto de formação contínua pautado nas relações entre a pesquisadora e profissionais que exercem cargos de direção e coordenação pedagógica em escolas públicas na região da Grande São Paulo, e, a partir dos dados coletados nesse contexto e da análise das interações discursivas, discutiu a pesquisa colaborativa. Para fundamentar as discussões, o trabalho procurou subsídios nos pressupostos teórico-filosóficos da pesquisa sócio-histórico-cultural (Vygotsky, 1934/2000, 1978/2000; Engeström, 1987, 1993, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005; Daniels, 1993, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2006, dentre outros), nas discussões sobre metodologia no paradigma qualitativo de pesquisa (Bredo & Feinberg, 1982; Cole & Knowles, 1993; Demo, 2004), na teoria do discurso pedagógico (Bernstein, 1971, 1990, 1993, 2000), no papel da linguagem como discutido pela lingüística sistêmico-funcional (Halliday, 1973, 1985.1994; Halliday & Hasan, 1989, dentre outros), e, fundamentalmente, nas discussões sobre colaboração (Magalhães, 1990, 1992, 1994, 196, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2003; Brookfield & Preskill, 1999; Bray et al., 2000, dentre outros). Para proceder às análises e discussões, foram selecionados recortes de relatos ou de áudio-gravações entre pesquisadora e pesquisandas, escolhidos dentre um conjunto de 55 encontros. A análise percorreu os excertos escolhidos com o propósito de entender como as ações metodológicas características de um processo colaborativo de pesquisar eram, também, organizadoras da aprendizagem dos participantes. Os resultados apontam que, em relação à transformação-permanência dos sistemas de atividade, seus elementos, trabalhados por meio das ações da rede de aprendizagem expansiva, foram, tanto pela pesquisadora, quanto pelas pesquisandas, ora ressignificados, ora parcialmente ressignificados. Apontam, ainda, que as relações desenvolvidas entre pesquisador e pesquisandos, a partir das ações da pesquisa colaborativa, foram ressignificadas e reorganizadas

Les concepts de topos, graphè, éthos et pathos contribuent activement à marquer la singularité d’une œuvre poétique, en l’occurrence, dans le cadre de notre thèse, celle de Louis Aragon (1897- 1982).Aragon fut l’inspirateur de compositeurs et d’interprètes comme « Kosma, Douai, Ferré, Ferrat, Brassens, Claveau, Montand, Trenet, Béart, Morelli, Martin, Ogeret ». Il déclare même qu’il aime qu’on lise ses poèmes mais préfère qu’on les chante. Outre l’importance de la dimension visuelle, la composante sonore et rythmique s’avère elle aussi capitale dans la perception et la réception de la poésie d’Aragon. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous avons opté dans notre thèse pour une étude analytique sémiostylistique et lexico-sémantique de l’œuvre poétique aragonienne.La sémiostylistique est « l’étude du fonctionnement sémiotique du style d’un texte ». En nous inspirant des travaux de G. Molinié, nous avons tenté d’analyser le « conglomérat lexico-syntactico-rhétorico-thématique » qui caractérise la poésie aragonienne en tentant d’ « apprécier la littérarité » des « segments occurrents, et [de] détecter leur spécificité ». Cela nous a permis de poser la question des conditions de la littérarité, de sa mesure, de sa valeur à réception et donc de l’effet de l’art à travers des procédés d’unité ou, au contraire, de subversion. / The concepts topos, graph, ethos and pathos actively contribute to highlight the singularity of a poetic work, such as that of Louis Aragon (1897-1982), the object of study of the present thesis. Aragon inspired many composers and singers such as "Kosma, Douai, Shoed, Ferrat, Brassens, Archstone, Montand, Trenet, Béart, Morelli, Martin, Ogeret".He even declares that he likes that his poems to be read but prefers are sung. Apart from the importance of the visual dimension, the sound and rhythmic components are also capital in the perception and the reception of the poetry of Aragon. This is why I opted in the present thesis for a semiostylistic and lexico-semantic analytical study of Aragon’s works of poetry. Semiostylistics is "the study of the semiotic operation of the style of a given text". Inspired by the works of G. Molinié, I tried to analyse the "conglomerate of lexico-syntactic, rhetorical and thematic characteristics" of Aragon’s poetry while trying "to appreciate the literariness" of the "occurring segments, and to detect their specificity" which enabled me to explore the conditions of the literary value, its measurement, its value at reception and, thus, the effect of art through the processes of unity or, on the contrary, subversion.