Sydafrika är ett land som är svårt drabbat av hiv smitta, drygt 10 procent av landets befolkning är smittade. Största andelen av dessa lever i provinsen KwaZulu-Natal vilken även har valts att utföra studien i. För att minska den hiv epidemi som råder och som leder till en sämre samhällsutveckling är det av högsta prioritet att arbeta förebyggande mot denna spridning. Syftet med studien har därför varit att undersöka hur en livsstil kan förbättras bland skolelever samt hur eleverna kan bli mer delaktiga i det hiv förebyggande arbetet. För att uppnå studiens syfte har en deltagande observation genomförts. En organisation som arbetar förebyggande mot hiv/aids för ungdomar i åldern 13-20 år har observerats då de har bedrivit sitt arbete ute bland elever på skolor. Det datamaterial som samlades in vid dessa tillfällen analyserades och sammanställdes för att sedan skapa ett resultat. Resultatet visade att kommunikation och information är viktigt för att öka elevernas kunskaper om hiv/aids samt stärka dem i sin tro på sig själva för att kunna förändra deras livsstil. / South Africa is a country which is hard injured by hiv infection, over 10 percent of the population is infected. The largest share of those is living in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, which also has been selected to conduct the study in. In order to reduce the hiv epidemic that exists, and that leads to a poorer community, it is of highest priority to work preventive against this proliferation. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine how a life can be improved among school students and how students can become more involved in the hiv prevention. To achieve the purpose of the study, a participant observation carried out. An organization that works towards preventing hiv/aids for young people in the age of 13-20 years old, have been observed when they have carried out their work with students at schools. The data gathered on these occasions was analyzed and summarized and then a result was created. The results showed that communication and information is essential to enhance students' knowledge of hiv/aids and strengthen them in their belief in themselves to be able to change their lifestyle.

The share of human beings with overweight or obesity is increasing. This has become a problem for society since obesity often leads to illness. This illness affects life negatively and often leads to depression, absence from work and medical care. One treatment against obesity is to do bariatric surgery, or Gastric bypass. The purpose of the study was to illuminate the experiences of care encompassing Gastric bypass surgery. The method used to illuminate this was a qualitative content analysis. The result emerged into five categories: Turning point in life, Lack of information, Need of more support, Lifestyle change is essential and S S urgery a start of something new. Suggestions for health care improvements were: cooking classes, group meetings, initially mandatory counseling, information about different sorts of physical training, improved follow up, staff and patients must be more updated concerning the surgery. The surgery has become a new start in life, a changed lifestyle with more quality and happiness than before. The people are more energetic and willing to be more active after surgery. / Andelen människor med övervikt eller fetma ökar. Detta har blivit ett samhällsproblem eftersom överviktiga drabbas av följdsjukdomar som negativt påverkar deras liv vilket leder till bland annat depressioner, mer sjukskrivningar och vårdbehandlingar. En behandling mot fetma är att operera magsäcken, en så kallad Gastric bypass. Syftet med denna studie var att belysa människors erfarenheter av vården före, under och efter en Gastric bypass operation. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet har sammanställts i fem kategorier: Vändpunkt i livet, Bristande information, Behov av mer stöd, Livsstilsförändring krävs och Operationen en början på något nytt. Förslag på förändringar som uppdagats är: matlagningskurser, gruppmöten, inledningsvis obligatoriska samtalsstöd, information om olika träningsformer, personliga möten eller någon form av ökad uppföljning, vårdpersonal och patienter måste vara mer pålästa om vad en operation innebär och söka information själva. Dessa operationer har inneburit en nystart på livet, en förändrad livsstil med större kvalitet och livsglädje nu än innan, informanterna orkar och vill mer idag.

The aim of this study was to identify what kind of masculinity is shown in 54 articles of the Swedish lifestyle magazine Magazine Café of 1993 and 2008, and in which way this masculinity may be different from eachother. The study included four magazine issues of each year with analysis focus on main articles and abolishment of reviews and press items.  The method was semiotic analysis with focus on manly characteristics and stereotypes.  The result showed that the normative man pictured in Magazine Café in 1993 was a man’s-man interested in manly characteristic business as sports, outdoor adventures and women. Fifteen years later not much has changed. The manly characteristics are the same but they have been complemented with a man-by-man accepted and homosexually inspired vain.

Abstract In recent years (2011), whether atypicality and global warming affect seriously all species and living environment of mankind. It activated a trend of local caring and environment protection throughout the world, and advocating green living has been one of the fashion affairs. Nevertheless, how can we understand and quantify people¡¦s acceptance of green living? How to design a scale of green living, with which we can apply consumer behavior analysis and the research technique of market segmentation, so that for promoting green living styles to people of all ranks. The current research tried to building up a scale of green living style, with three constructs: green values, cognition of environment protection, and green behavior and habits, in addition to a brief test of knowledge over environment protection. The contents of the questionnaire cover such topics as water resources, global warming, renewable energy sources, international trend in sustainability and related industrial policy, warm chamber effect, carbon emission and the status and policy of environment protection in Taiwan. Office workers and current students in the Kaohsiung metropolitan area were the main participants undertaking the questionnaire survey of the research, with effective sample size of 603 subjects. The research tested the scale¡¦s reliability and validity through factor analysis and verified it¡¦s construct validity with local recognition. After those validation for the scale, the study conducted cluster analysis for market segmentation based on green lifestyle. The main works and findings of the current research including: (1) building a scale of green lifestyle with reliability and validity; (2) discovery of four segments of the green lifestyle in the market; (3) there are different approaches to evaluate the government¡¦s performance of environmental protection; (4) sustainability values and green cognition influence behavior of environmental protection; (5) local recognition positively affect the green index of people; and (6) youth in the society and college students are relatively lacking of sustainability conducts, although they presents in a higher level of the environmental protection knowledge.

In prevalent concept of marketing, brand culture is a static identification, treated as corporate prerogative which removed from culture and consumers. Generally marketers regard it as an emotional part of branding or a result of a constant branding. Hence, the conventional marketing provides the tools or principles for managers or marketers to conduct branding such as 4P, 7P, Brand Equity Model, etc., to reach high and rapid market share. With growth of diverse business environment and consumer behavior, brands only have long and deep relationships with consumers are more possible to be iconic and sustainable. It attracts people to actively access and to interplay with brand rather than just receive message from brand. In this study, the brand culture is specifically pointed out and seen as marketing approach especially in those brands which consumers will access for purpose of self-expression through consuming. The five dimensions help readers to look upon the important aspects in brand culture and how it works actively in marketing approach. From three multiple-case study: Harley-Davidson, Coca Cola and IKEA, the result shows the strong brand culture can be generated by cultural marketing in which the co-creation is developed and kept in cultural discourses. At the end, brand culture as marketing approach is helpful to review whole marketing strategy in consumer¡¦s perspective and improve the possibilities of increasing value in whole value chain.

Recent advances in networking technology have led to a paradigm shift in broadcast media. The entry of the Internet as a form of popular media means that traditional media are now seeking to transform themselves in a bid for survival. Changes in media broadcasting methods have made the spread and acquisition of information faster and easier. Today¡¦s youth of the E-generation live in an economically stable and technologically advanced society. Changes in society, politics and the traditional family structure have made youths an increasingly important market as their buying power and influence on family decisions have increased. The goal of this study is to discover how the subjects of this study utilize various types of media. Media utilization includes their media preferences, utilization frequency and duration as well as where they use it most often. Beyond utilization, the study goes on to examine and categorize the subjects¡¦ lifestyle and media utilization motives. The study then seeks to discover if there are any links between the subjects¡¦ lifestyles and their media utilization motives. Finally, the study examines the question of ¡§Do different lifestyles or media utilization motives lead to differences in media utilization?¡¨ The subjects of this study were E-generation youths (i.e. young people aged between 13 and 22). Taking into consideration the ease of conducting the survey, information availability and cost, Taipei and Kaohsiung (including their counties and cities) were selected as the regions to be sampled. As for the types of media, the five common forms of TV, newspapers, magazines, the Internet and radio were selected for use in this study into media preferences and usage. For this study, the collection of samples was carried out in the form of questionnaire surveys in Taipei and Kaohsiung. After the sample data was acquired, the lifestyles and media utilization motives were categorized and labeled. After factor analysis, lifestyle was divided into four categories: ¡§Community Involvement and Socialization¡¨, ¡§Fashionable and Trendy¡¨, ¡§Pro-Active¡¨ and ¡§Internet Home¡¨; media utilization motives were divided into three types, these being: ¡§Need for Entertainment and Peer Acceptance¡¨, ¡§Need to Increase Knowledge and Skills¡¨ and ¡§Need for Fashion Shopping¡¨. Finally the collected data were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS 10.0 software in order to validate the study¡¦s various hypotheses. The results of the study indicated that among youths the media preference was TV first, followed by the Internet. As for frequency of usage, 46.3% of those interviewed used the Internet every day while 41.0% watched TV every day. In terms of duration, those who used the Internet for 5 hours or more made up 24.0% while those who used it for 2 to 4 hours made up 64%. Those who watched TV for 5 hours or more made up 11.6% while those who watched for 2 to 4 hours made up 72.1%. This showed that when it comes to media preferences and utilization, despite youth¡¦s preferences and increasing dependence on the Internet, TV remains an indispensable part of their daily life. By differentiating amongst the sampling locations of this study, it was found that youths in Taipei used the Internet most, followed by TV; the exact reverse was true for youths in Kaohsiung. This showed that their location and environment affected youths¡¦ media preferences. When youths were classified according to their lifestyle, different lifestyles resulted in media utilization motive variances; different media utilization motives also in turn affected how youths utilized media. Based on the above conclusions, the Internet and TV currently remain the types of media that youths are willing to use and devote a great deal of time to. Newspaper, magazine and radio by contrast made up a smaller segment with most youths having significantly less contact with these types of media and spending less time even when they do.

The aim of this thesis is providing an initial insight into the quite recent Northern European immigration to Coastal Turkey through exploring its causes and consequences within the context of a particular locality, Didim where a single nationality group, the British, comprise the most prominent lifestyle migrant category. In that frame, three aspects of the migratory move namely the causes and the meaning of the move through the migrant narratives / the new social spaces created in terms of everyday practices of the migrants and the interactions with the locals / and the meanings of the changes for the locals have been elaborated. Within a descriptive ethnographic approach, in depth interviews were conducted in Didim with 20 British lifestyle migrants and 20 locals. It is found out that while the migratory move to Didim is a strategy devised by the British migrants to react to the broader social and cultural changes impacting their lives / the meaning of the same move for the locals of Didim is a change impacting their lives which requires devising new strategies for coping and for challenging. The encounters and co-habitation of the two groups of people from countries of different affluence levels and with a significant cultural distance, in the social setting of migration transgressing the boundaries of the already established context of international tourism, shape the daily life in Didim through the new social spaces being constructed and identities being constantly re-negotiated.

The economic and political restructuring of the 1980s whose main aim was to integrate Turkey to the global economic network via constructing &ldquo / global cities&rdquo / initiated not only new architectural programs such as grand shopping malls, office towers, world trade centers, five-star hotels but also new housing patterns all of which played an important role in shaping the urban character. As a result of these new architectural programs Ankara&rsquo / s urban landscape has been reterritorialized according to the logic of capital. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the emerging residential programs on Ankara&rsquo / s urban transformation since 2000. Specifically, this research critically concentrates on the process of transformation of a low rise-low density residential area into a high rise-high density residence through construction, deconstruction, and reconstruction of the same site initiating a &ldquo / re-scaled&rdquo / urban landscape. With this respect, this study endeavours to deal with the case of destructing the TBMM Milletvekili Lojmanlari for constructing Park Oran Konutlari.

The aim of this study is to understand the class character of the new middle class,that is defined as white-collar workers through the bulk of the class literature. To achieve this aim, two sets of research questions, operating both on the objective and subjective levels, have been developed. The first set of questions are / &ldquo / What are the objective conditions (such as economic capital, cultural capital,gender/age composition and class background) of the people who belong to the new middle class defined as white-collars according to structural definitions in Ankara? How are those conditions differentiated within this new middle class category?&rdquo / Those questions are tried to be answered by conducting a secondary analysis to an already existing three-generational representative database for Ankara By taking the quantitative analysis as a base, second set of questions that aim to scrutinize how this heterogeneity in terms of economic/cultural capital and class background are reflected on the subjective level, has been developed. Therefore interviews are held with 31 people in Ayranci neighborhood so as to answer to the following questions: &ldquo / How people who belong to the new middle class, defined as white-collars according to structural definitions, experience their class position? and what elements, in what ways affect their class experience/class practices?&rdquo / In the light of the interviews that question the &ldquo / social space of lifestyle&rdquo / &ndash / composed of daily life practices- and &ldquo / social relations&rdquo / &ndash / analyzed by the content and nature of the drawn symbolic boundaries- four new middle class milieus &ndash / which are highly dispersed among the habitus map of Bourdieu- are identified. The overall study highlights how it is problematic to attribute certain values, lifestyles and attitudes, which are the molders of the class experience, to the whole new middle class category that is defined within the occupational structure.

Universiẗat der Bundeswehr, Diss--München, 2008.