Universiẗat, Diss.--Bielefeld, 2006.

<p>Att lägga om sin livsstil är inte lätt, men i många fall kan det vara nödvändigt för att bibehålla en god hälsa. Ett exempel på ett sådant tillfälle är vid en diabetesdiagnos, där förstahandsbehandlingen består i livsstilsförändring, som främst innefattar kost, motion och rökstopp. Resultat från tidigare forskning visar att det är viktigt att patienten är motiverad att genomföra en livsstilsförändring, och även diabetessköterskorna i den här studien är av den uppfattningen. Det är viktigt att patienten själv tar ansvaret för sin sjukdom, det är bara han eller hon som kan förändra sin livsstil. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur diabetessköterskorna hjälpte sina patienter att hitta motivation till livsstilsförändring. En kvalitativ intervjumetod användes för att samla material, fem diabetessköterskor intervjuades. Den efterföljande analysen är inspirerad av hermeneutisk metod. Resultatet av studien visar att patienten själv måste hitta sin motivation, det finns inget sätt för diabetessköterskan att konkret hjälpa sin patient att hitta den. Diabetessköterskans uppgift är att finnas där när patienten själv hittat sin motivation, och leda patienten rätt.</p> / <p>To change your way of living is not easy, but in many cases it might be necessary to sustain a good health. An example of this is when you get a diagnosis of diabetes and the first treatment is a change of lifestyle, especially concerning diet, exercise and no smoking. Former studies have shown that the patient has to be motivated to change their lifestyle and this is the opinion of diabetes nurses in this study as well. It is important that the patient takes the responsibility for the disease because it’s only himself who can change the lifestyle. The aim of this study was to look into how the diabetes nurses helped the patients to find motivation to a change of lifestyle. Five nurses were interviewed. A qualitative field survey has been used to gather the material and the following analysis is inspired of the hermeneutic method. Results of the study show that the patients have to find the motivation on their own and that the diabetes nurse doesn’t have a concrete way of helping him or her. The nurse’s task is to be there when the patient has found the motivation and lead them on to the right track.</p>

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Abstract Title: Last Exit? A Study of Prison Sentenced Recidivists’ Subsequently Choice to Make Use of Criminals Return Into Society (KRIS) as a Resource in Order to Terminate the Criminal Lifestyle  Author: Jimmy Karlsson  A point of departure for this essay is my and my co-author’s bachelor thesis The Refuse to Walk More Yards Prison Corridor.   The purpose of the present essay is to illuminate in which conditions the organization KRIS (Criminals Return Into Society) develops from being directly or indirectly realizable to being a realized resource for recidivists who have served several prison sentences. The theoretical basis is Caroline Tovatt’s concepts potential, realizable and realized resources combined with Pierre Bourdieu’s capital metaphors and Mark S. Granovetter’s concept of strong and weak ties. To illustrate the process that led the interviewees (which I have interviewed from a life story perspective) to the realization of KRIS as a resource and ultimately the ending of the criminal lifestyle, I have used Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaughs stage theory of the role exit process.   The results indicate that recidivists’ choice to realize the resource KRIS has been occasioned by a specific composition of necessary components and a social capital. The necessary components are represented by negative life experiences which via a transformation in three stages have resulted in making KRIS available as a resource for the interviewees. The social capital in turn, which has to interact with the necessary components, is represented by weak and negative ties subsequently remodeled into positive ones. These ties have paved the way for the interviewees to access the organization. To finally fulfill the role exit process the interviewees have to possess or acquire an embodied cultural capital which allows them to differentiate and maintain all aspects linked to the previous and the current role, both to themselves and also to other individuals.

Thesis (MNutr (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Human Nutrition))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / Embargo expiry date: 2010-07-31 plt 2010 / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The prevalence of chronic diseases of lifestyle such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity are increasing worldwide due to changes in lifestyle patterns, including changes in the food consumption patterns of consumers. There are numerous players who need to be involved in addressing current lifestyle patterns and in encouraging positive behaviour change. Food companies have a role in evaluating the composition of the products that they offer, as well as in educating consumers with regard to healthy eating practices through both the on-pack information that they supply and in their nutrition strategies and programmes. The main objective of the study was to investigate the nutrition strategies that food companies in South Africa use to communicate with the consumers and to compare it with the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the consumers towards the nutrition information that they receive. The secondary objective was to develop guidelines for food companies in their promotion of the prevention of chronic diseases of lifestyle. Methodology The study population consisted of a sample of 7 food companies operating in South Africa and a sample of 230 South African consumers. Data were collected through test questionnaires aimed at each specific study population. The data were analysed statistically for each study population and the data between the two study populations were compared. Results Most food companies that participated stated that they have a nutrition strategy which outlines their consumer communication policy, but none of these were made available to the researcher. Seventy-one percent of the food companies also indicated that they address chronic diseases of lifestyle in their nutrition strategies, with cardiovascular disease being the main focus. The medium used most frequently by food companies for nutrition education of the consumer is the food label. The majority of food companies agree that they do have a responsibility towards the education of the consumer, but stated that it is not solely their responsibility. Ninety-six percent of consumers read (always or sometimes) the labels of food products when making a purchase. The older the consumer, the more unlikely they are to read the ingredients statement on the label. Consumers are most concerned with cardiovascular disease when purchasing food products. Ninety-five percent of consumers agreed that food companies have a responsibility towards them with regard to nutrition education. The consumers indicated that they prefer food labels and television as the medium for nutrition education, but that they trust doctors and nutritionists the most to relay nutrition messages. Conclusion Consumer education on the prevention of chronic diseases of lifestyle is essential if the behaviour change, necessary to address their rising prevalence, is to become a part of consumers’ lifestyles. Food companies should be actively involved with consumer education pertaining to healthy eating and healthy lifestyle habits. Communication with regard to nutrition education is critical and should be consistent with an integrated approach involving all the role players including the food industry, the Department of Health (DOH) and the Department of Education (DOE). / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die prevalensie van kroniese lewensstyl siektes soos hartvatsiektes, kanker, tipe 2 diabetes mellitus en vetsug is wêreldwyd aan die toeneem weens ’n verandering in die lewenstyl van verbruikers wat ’n weer ‘n verandering in eetgewoontes teweeg bring. Daar is verskeie rolspelers betrokke wat ’n bydrae kan lewer om die huidige lewensstyl patrone van verbruikers aan te spreek en om positiewe gedragsveranderinge te bevorder. Voedselmaatskappye speel ‘n tweeledige rol: deur die samestelling van voedselprodukte wat hulle versprei te evalueer, en deur die verbruiker op te voed oor gesonde eetgewoontes. Maatskappye se voedingstrategieë en programme, asook die verpakking van produkte, kan gebruik word om voedingsinligting te verskaf. Die studie se hoof doelwit was om die voedingstrategieё te ondersoek wat deur voedselmaatskappye in Suid Afrika gebruik word en om dit te vergelyk met die kennis, houding en praktyke van die verbruiker teenoor voedingsinligting wat hulle ontvang. Die sekondêre doelwit was om riglyne vir voedselmaatskappye te ontwikkel ter ondersteuning van die maatskappye se inisiatiewe om kroniese lewensstyl siektes te voorkom. Metodologie Die studiepopulasie het bestaan uit ’n steekproef van 7 voedselmaatskappye wat in Suid Afrika werksaam is en ‘n steekproef van 230 Suid Afrikaanse verbruikers. Data is ingesamel deur twee uitgetoetsde vraelyste te gebruik wat spesifiek geteiken was vir elke studie populasie. Die data is statisties geanaliseer vir elke studie populasie en die studie populasies is ook met mekaar vergelyk. Resultate Die meeste voedselmaatskappye wat deelgeneem het aan die studie verklaar dat hulle ‘n voedingstrategie het wat die wyse waarop daar met die verbruiker kommunikeer word uitstippel, nogtans was geeneen van die voedingstrategieë beskikbaar gestel aan die navorser nie. Een en sewentig persent van die voedselmaatskappye het ook aangedui dat kroniese lewensstyl siektes aangespreek word in hul voedingstrategieë en dat daar gefokus word op hartvatsiektes. Voedselmaatskappye gee voorkeur aan die voedseletiket as medium vir voedingvoorligting aan die verbruiker. Die meeste voedselmaatskappye het saamgestem dat hul wel ‘n verantwoordelikheid het teenoor die verbruiker ten opsigte van voedingvoorligting, maar beskou dit nie as uitsluitlik hul verantwoordelikheid nie. Ses en negentig persent van die verbruikers lees voedsel etikette (altyd of soms) wanneer hul aankope doen. Dit blyk dat die ouer verbruiker minder geneig is om die bestanddelelys te lees. Verbruikers is oorwegend bekommerd oor hartvatsiektes wanneer hulle voedselaankope doen. Vyf en negentig persent van die verbruikers stem saam dat voedselmaatskappye ‘n verantwoordelikheid het teenoor verbruikers ten opsigte van voedingvoorligting. Die verbruikers gee voorkeur aan die voedsel etiket en televisie as mediums vir voedingvoorligting, maar hul vertrou meestal op dokters en voedingkundiges om die voedingboodskappe oor te dra. Gevolgtrekking Om gedragsverandering by verbruikers mee te bring met die oog daarop om die toename in kroniese lewensstyl siektes aan te spreek, is dit essensiëel om die verbruiker toe te rus met die nodige kennis oor die voorkoming van kroniese lewenstyl siektes. Voedselmaatskappye behoort aktief betrokke wees by verbruiker opvoeding oor gesonde leef- en eetgewoontes. Kommunikasie ten opsigte van voedingvoorligting moet konsekwent wees en ‘n geїntegreerde benadering moet deur alle rolspelers gevolg word, insluitende voedselmaatskappye, die Departement Gesondheid en die Onderwysdepartement.

O presente trabalho propõe uma análise do hotel Copacabana Palace sob a perspectiva comunicacional, enfatizando as suas possíveis imbricações com o imaginário carioca. Inaugurado no dia 13 de agosto de 1923 no bairro de Copacabana (na Avenida Atlântica), o prédio representa um dos símbolos do Rio de Janeiro e do Brasil - tanto no próprio país como no mundo. O estudo buscou investigar as representações e os valores compartilhados referentes ao Copacabana Palace, partindo também da sociologia do imaginário. Propôs analisar o sistema de produção relativo às enunciações midiatizadas e aos aspectos comunicacionais pertinentes ao hotel. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem baseada na metodologia qualitativa, e durante a sua execução foram consultadas fontes primárias e secundárias. Para a obtenção dos dados primários foram realizadas entrevistas individuais baseada em um roteiro estruturado. A análise também contempla os conceitos de brand equity ao apontar o hotel como importante peça no imaginário carioca, visando demonstrar as representações que dão significado ao cotidiano urbano do Rio de Janeiro. O estudo aponta que o hotel Copacabana Palace é uma espécie de "lenda" incrustada no famoso calçadão da praia da Copacabana.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:33:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1227201 bytes, checksum: ad0beac4df2acd55f55dc8220f319d59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This dissertation is on the consumption of foods without pesticides in Viçosa-MG. The consumption can be characterized by complex relationships between the created and recreated needs in the market, through which the changes of products acquire historical meanings socially built, frequently expressing social inequalities manifested in the lifestyle. The main objective of the work was to analyze the consumption of foods without pesticides as a lifestyle marker. The manifestation of the lifestyle happens through the consumption of certain goods, products and services, and also as they are used and socially exhibited. In that sense, the foods are in a privileged position, because they serve to product different meanings and values, that are expressed in the sociocultural dynamic of certain groups, through social relationships established among them. In the sphere of the consumption of foods, those without pesticides, for instance, seem to be linked to certain values as the health. However, this value is not the only one to give sense to this consumption type and, therefore, it doesn't become exhausted per itself. The foods without pesticides are not only nutritious products, but they are products whose meanings can be related to the access type, to the knowledge, the inclusion and exclusion of different social groups, and in the relationships between production and consumption. This distinction element was mapped in the places where different social layers are: the free market and the Mercado Igarapé in the city of Viçosa-MG. / Esta dissertação trata do consumo de alimentos sem agrotóxicos na cidade de Viçosa-MG. O consumo pode ser caracterizado por complexas relações entre as necessidades criadas e recriadas no espaço do mercado, através do qual as trocas de produtos adquirem significados históricos socialmente construídos, expressando, freqüentemente, desigualdades sociais manifestadas no estilo de vida. O objetivo principal do trabalho foi analisar o consumo de alimentos sem agrotóxicos como marcador de estilo de vida. A manifestação do estilo de vida ocorre através do consumo de certos bens, produtos e serviços e, também, na forma como estes são usados e exibidos socialmente. Nesse sentido, os alimentos estão em uma posição privilegiada por servirem para a produção de diferentes significados e valores, que são expressos na dinâmica sócio-cultural de determinados grupos, através de relações sociais estabelecidas entre eles. Na esfera do consumo de alimentos, os sem agrotóxicos, por exemplo, parecem estar vinculados a certos valores como o da saúde. Esse valor, porém, não é o único a dar sentido a este tipo de consumo e, portanto, não se esgota nele. Os alimentos sem agrotóxicos não se constituem apenas em produtos nutritivos, mas em produtos cujos significados podem estar relacionados ao tipo de acesso, ao conhecimento, a inclusão e exclusão de diferentes grupos sociais e nas relações entre produção e consumo. Este elemento de distinção foi mapeado nos lugares onde diferentes camadas sociais se encontram: a Feira Livre e o Mercado Igarapé, na cidade de Viçosa-MG.

Sammanfattning Affärsmodeller utgår från att företag ska vinstmaximera, vilket kan göra att affärsmodeller inte passar de företag som inte har vinstmaximering som utgångspunkt eller fokus. Vinsten i dessa företag ses “bara” som något sekundärt som måste finnas för att företaget ska finnas kvar. Detta synsätt på vinst är ofta kopplat till småföretagares sätt att driva företag. Småföretagare har ofta en nära koppling till sitt företag och det kan närmast beskrivas som deras identitet. Det är därför viktigt för dem att verksamheten finns kvar trots ett högt pris i form av att de arbetar mycket och hårt, för relativt liten ekonomisk vinst. Det viktigaste för dessa individer är inte pengar, utan det är livet som småföretagare de vill ha. De värderar ett liv där de är fria och självständiga att bestämma hur de vill ha det. Detta är även en orsak till att de inte vill att deras verksamhet ska växa eller utvecklas i storlek. De vill behålla verksamheten liten eftersom de vill ha kvar kontrollen samt att de vill fortsätta verka i det lokala området på grund av deras personliga anknytning dit. Affärsmodellen skulle kunna omformuleras eller breddas i sitt fokus för att fånga upp och beskriva fler verksamheter än de som vinstmaximerar. I modellen skulle det kunna tas hänsyn till hur en individ, alltså företagaren, lever sitt liv och det är därför olika livsformer används i denna studie. Kopplingen mellan individ och företag är ofta stark när det handlar om småföretag och därför vore det önskvärt att fokuset flyttas från företaget till individen i affärsmodellen. När fokuset är bytt, eller åtminstone mer nyanserat, skulle en affärsmodell kunna användas för att på ett meningsfullt sätt beskriva en småföretagares verksamhet. Det största bidraget i denna studie är att ett perspektiv som utgår från individen istället för företaget används för att försöka förstå att en affärsmodell skulle kunna utvecklas till att omfatta fler fokusområden än vinstmaximering. Individen och dennes sätt att leva sitt liv påverkar hur företaget drivs och utifrån det vore det lämpligt att affärsmodeller anpassas för att beskriva verksamheten på ett mer användbart och rättvisande sätt. Nyckelord: småföretag, affärsmodell, livsstil, individualistisk, / Abstract Business models are based on that the company will maximize its profits, which may make the business models fit bad with companies who do not focus on profit maximization. The profit in these companies is seen as something secondary that needs to exist to make the company survive. This view on profit is connected to small business owners’ way to run a business. Small business owners often have a close connection to their company and it can almost be described as their identity. It is important for them that the business exists even if they need to pay a high price because they work hard and only get a small economic profit in return. The most important thing for these individuals is not money, but the life as a small business owner that they want to have. They value a life where they are free and independent to decide how they want to live their life. This is also a reason to why they do not want their business to develop or grow in size. They want to keep the business small because they want to keep their control and at the same time stay in the local area because of their personal connection to that place. The business model therefore could be reformulated or widened in its focus to describe more businesses than they who maximizes its profits. In the model it could be taken into account to how an individual, in this case the business owner, lives his/her life and that is why different life shapes are used in this study. The connection between the individual and the company is often strong when it comes to small businesses and that is why the focus could be moved away from the business itself to the individual itself in the business model. When the focus has been changed, or at least are more nuanced, a business model could be used to describe a small business owners business in a meaningful way. The biggest contribution with this study is that a perspective that originates from the individual instead of the business is used to try to understand that a business model could be developed to include more areas than profit maximization. The individual and its way to live life affect how the company is being run, and by that the business models could be adjusted to describe the business in a more useful and correct way. Keywords: small businesses, business model, lifestyle, individualistic.

The tourism industry is at a pivotal point in time, where the potential and threats associated with the industry have gained global attention. While the field provides numerous development opportunities by being one of the largest global industries, the tourism industry’s contribution to universal threats such as global warming and climate change has been acknowledged. As a response, the industry and academia have experienced a shift towards discourses of sustainable tourism, or more recently responsible tourism, where stakeholders aim to embark on a path of holistic sustainability. The global significance of tourism’s potential to foster sustainable development has further been recognized by the assignment of 2017 as the International year of Sustainable Tourism for Development. At the core of the sustainable tourism debate lies the notion of responsibility, particularly the notion of various stakeholders’ responsibility for sustainability within tourism. Within this paradigm, consumers play a central role, as consumers can guide industry action with their travel related choices. Yet, there is a notable discrepancy between consumer attitudes about sustainability and their travel related behaviour and the disparity begs the question of how consumers perceive their own responsibility for sustainability in a tourism context. This study set out to explore the emerging discourse of responsibility for sustainability within tourism by examining how the notion has been addressed, constructed and framed within academia and the industry, with a particular interest in the framing of consumer responsibility for sustainability. Seven themes with additional subthemes of notions about responsibility for sustainability were identified through a literature review consisting of 132 peer-reviewed journal articles and two book chapters. Furthermore, an interpretive content analysis of the recently launched UNWTO Responsible Traveller campaign was carried out. The findings suggest that responsibility for sustainability within tourism has emerged as its own, distinct discourse characterized by an ambiguous and complex nature where the notion of responsibility is influenced by the surrounding context, prevailing social norms and individual identity. While responsibility for sustainability is recognized as the responsibility of all tourism stakeholders, the results suggest that consumers in particular abrogate themselves from a responsibility for sustainability in a tourism context and consequently, the industry is seen to lie in a state of lock-in. The findings indicate that there is a need to re-establish how and by whom responsibility for sustainability is constructed and framed within tourism, while notions of sustainable lifestyles and global citizenship should be fostered together with new social norms that challenge the prevailing status quo.

The everyday life for children with ADHD is affected by problems regarding inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Parenting a child with ADHD consists of increasing demands in everyday life, which gives greater risks for poor mental health amongst parents. When working with a child with ADHD the occupational therapist work with the whole family, often focusing on interventions in the home environment. The aim of this study was to investigate strategies described by parents of children with ADHD to create a sustainable everyday life. A qualitative approach was used and data from 6 blogs about parenting children with ADHD, was analysed through a qualitative content analysis. The result was compiled into three main categories, Taking care of one self as a parent, Children’s needs and adjustments in everyday life and A new family life as a team. In the result it was shown that parents used strategies in an active way to manage their own well- being, to create structure to support their children, to reduce the amount of conflicts and to strengthen their children's self-esteem. An overall theme emerged The journey towards a new parenthood, that showed the process the parents went through via personal growth, awareness in parenting style and new expectations on family life. The result shown in the study emphasizes a perceptive parenthood to support their children, factors confirmed in previous studies. The result also wishes to highlight the parents own personal health as an important aspect. A sustainable everyday life was both an individual project for the parent, as a joint project for the family as a whole.