Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:52:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 116023.pdf: 4940416 bytes, checksum: 5650f09af7dfaf4a3086e912d318db64 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research aims to present a teaching experience in theatre lighting based upon design principles. The dissertation intertwines/weaves together the universal design principles with stage lighting creation experiences using as a point of departure the experience on teaching, as well as recent studies on performance design. This discussion considers the visual message as a sort of theatrical communication system. It also recognizes the creation, effecting and understanding of the stage lighting as a design process based on its historical functions and spectacular expressivity. The text is structured in two stages: it first presents selected professional experiences and secondly it analyses the teaching practices. The goal is to highlight the relationship between theatre practice and design as a teaching strategy. This study comprehends that theatre designing is about making choices and taking decisions and that can be related to the concept of design thinking . It is also about finding the reasons for those solutions on the other designers creations and the design basis, relating stage and audience, arts and crafts, form and function. / A presente pesquisa se propõe a relatar uma experiência de ensino da iluminação cênica fundamentada nos princípios do design. Para tanto, expõe seus conceitos e apresenta uma análise das relações entre os fundamentos do design e o processo de criação em iluminação cênica a partir da prática pedagógica aplicada em alguns modelos de ensino/aprendizagem da iluminação, bem como algumas outras pesquisas similares recentes. Com base no entendimento do teatro como meio de comunicação e pela análise dos processos de elaboração, compreensão e interpretação das suas linguagens, defende a atuação da iluminação como linguagem do espetáculo e elemento sensorial da cena na exploração de suas funções históricas e potencialidades expressivas. A metodologia empregada foi, além do registro das atividades pedagógicas, a investigação de experiências com processos de criação da luz para alguns espetáculos e das referências bibliográficas relacionadas. Considerando ainda o conceito de design thinking, conclui que a atividade do design no universo cênico se refere a fazer escolhas e tomar decisões, buscando os estímulos para essas soluções no trabalho coletivo da criação e nas fundamentações compositivas, visando a interação entre palco e plateia, aliando artes e ofícios, relacionando forma e função.

Este trabalho pesquisa as aplicações da iluminação cênica em alguns coletivos teatrais paulistanos no período de 2011-2012, para entender a prática do desenho da luz, constatando a utilização ou não de novos equipamentos e técnicas. Para isso, fez-se o estudo de peças produzidas e apresentadas no período mencionado, e entrevistas com iluminadores, diretores e outros profissionais da cena ligados a grupos filiados à Cooperativa Paulista de Teatro e contemplados com o Programa de Fomento ao Teatro da Cidade de São Paulo. Outra preocupação deste trabalho foi a análise da formação dos profissionais de iluminação desses coletivos. / This work researches the aplication of Lighting designer in Drama groups from São Paulo between 2011 and 2012, for understand the pratice of light shape and the using of modern equipments and technics. Therefore, a study was made about plays produced and presented in the mentioned period, and interviews with lighting designers, directors and other professionals in the area related of groups affiliate with the São Paulo Drama Company e benefit from the Program of Promotion of the Theater in the city of São Paulo. Another of this work was a analysis of the formation of the Light Designers of this groups.

The diploma thesis deals with the division of the system installation and gives an overview of electrical appliances and heating system. It focuses on the Loxone system installation. The main part is the project documentation of wiring, programming the control of a family house and regulation of the solar thermal system for heating water and the heating system control. It also includes a simple economic evaluation of the proposed solar system.

The aim is to develop guidance for indoor design that inspire a desire to read. The background is that there is dissatisfaction with the work environments in open offices. The starting point for the thesis is that "Prospect-Refuge" theory is atttracting interest among architects working with outdoor environments. The theory's basis is that the natural selection has resulted in a preference for places where one can "see wihout being seen". The case study builds on 77 questionnaire answers and 14 interviews. The contacts have included dialogue about lighting design and reading dogs. The librarians would like their libraries to invest in reading recesses, but they also worry about risks with not visible areas. There is interest in stimulating, intelligible library layouts with cosy seating's where the readers feel safe to have their "back free", i.e. that nobody will approach (from behind) without being detected. However, almost all library investments in indoor environments are restricted to faults and risks, usually related to physical accessibility. None of the interviewees' are aware of any policy document that promote library investments in comfortable circumstances for reading. The library persons view is that the Reading-Refuge concept has the potential to be useful as a guide for development of settings for reading. The concluding part make use of theories about restorative recovery. There is a need for reading environments that match people's inherited and acquired abilities to build and manage mental energy. The thesis concludes with tangible recommendations for design of reading-promoting library layout, reading refuges and lighting design. This is a two years master's thesis in Library and information science.

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Die wissenschaftliche Arbeit untersucht, wie das Stressempfinden der Patient:innen während einer MRT-Behandlung durch das Lichtdesign im Raum verringert werden kann. Dafür wurde untersucht, welche Parameter des Lichts angepasst werden können, um das Wohlbefinden der Patient:innen positiv zu beeinflussen. Insbesondere, welche Eigenschaften des Lichtes die Raumwirkung so verändern, dass er beruhigend auf die Patient:innen wirkt. Die Arbeit fokussiert sich dabei auf den Einsatz von künstlichem Licht, da Tageslicht in MRTs aus technischen Gründen meistens nicht umsetzbar ist. Um das zu untersuchen, wurden durch eine Literaturrecherche Einflussfaktoren des Lichtes und deren Wirkung auf die Patient:innen herausgearbeitet. Auf deren Grundlage wurden verschiedene Versionen von Lichtdesigns in einem MRT Raum entworfen und visualisiert. Mittels Interviews wurden anschließend drei Patient:innen zu deren Erfahrungen in MRTs, sowie deren Reaktion auf die verschiedenen Raumdesigns befragt. Dabei wurden alle Parameter getrennt voneinander verglichen und jede:r Patient:in hat eine präferierte Reihenfolge der Möglichkeiten angegeben, sodass am Ende jeder seinen „optimalen“ Raum zusammenstellen konnte. Die Auswertung der Interviews zeigt, dass generell warmes und helles Licht von den Patient:innen bevorzugt wird. Meistens wirken die Kombination von mehreren Lichtquellen ausgeglichener und somit beruhigender auf die Befragten. Außerdem wurde der Einsatz von farbigem Licht befürwortet.

The report Stockholm city’s regional biking plan presents information of a continuously rising numbers ofcyclists in central Stockholm. However, the central parts of Stockholm have not now, or in the near future,the capacity or structure to provide a functional as well as safe traffic situation, especially for cyclists. Theincreasing demand from traffic of the commuter street network in central Stockholm make the 6 km longunderground maintenance tunnel along the newly build Citybanan commuter train tracks a possible andinteresting alternative for safe, fast and easy bicycle travelling underneath Stockholm. The tunnel stretchesfrom Fatbursparken to Tomteboda, with exits/entrances along the route in central parts of Stockholm[Fig 1.]There are several examples in the world where former car, train and maintenance tunnels are used as bikingtunnels. The longest existing example is the Croix Rousse tunnel in Lyon, France (2013). A 1,3 km longtunnel with separate lanes for cyclists, pedestrians and commuter busses, which also functions as anevacuation tunnel to the parallel car tunnel. Another example is the Lugaritz-Morland bicycle tunnel in thecity of San Sebastian, Spain (2009), which is a former railway tunnel (850 metres) that connects twoneighbourhoods in the city.The specific conditions a tunnel have with no daylight and limited access, give the lighting designer theimportant task to shape the space using light.Light is the factor that makes us see the world, our visual ability is depending on the light. Light has theability to reveal and transform the character of a space and influence how the observer experiences thesituation, both physically (by vision) and psychologically (emotional experiences as comfort and feeling ofsafety). Therefore a good visual condition in public space, traffic as well as enclosed spaces like tunnels, arevery important and a basic need for humans in the city.The aim with this thesis was to develop a lighting strategy and proposal for the maintenance tunnel ofCitybanan in Stockholm, based on literature and case studies research, a full-scale light observation by areference group in a tunnel context as well as research by questionnaires. The primary purpose of the fullscalelight study was to confirm literature research hypotheses about the importance of light distributionand experienced spatial atmosphere in relation to psychological effects, as well as the importance of lightgiving information. Findings confirm and shows that light distribution have a great impact on how theobservers experience the space visually, as well as emotionally. Findings also show that light can influencepeople’s behaviour to intuitively slow down or be alert. Further this thesis results show that giving a spaceit’s own identity by collaboration between light, colour and architectural elements have a great impact onthe psychological experiences of a space regarding safety, comfort and social interaction, crucial factors in atunnel environment for cyclists.The thesis results in a concept presented in the Proposal chapter, based on design principles and a lightingstrategy where a combination of light typologies is used to create a human centred and comfortableenvironment. Light is used as guiding element and for spatial understanding to create comfort and supportsocial interaction. In addition the concept includes a theme used as inspiration in the lighting strategy tocreate a connection on a human scale between the cyclist and the space. The theme is based on a commonpreference of the reference group, as well as my personal, for the ideal dream biking environment;In the nature. Experiencing for example the variation of light filtered through the leaves, the sunset and theabsence of traffic.The aim with the proposal is to transform the tunnel to an attractive bicycle route for daily cyclists inStockholm, as well as being an interesting tourist attraction.- A large underground landmark and art piece stretching under the city of Stockholm.

People at northern latitudes lack an effective portion of daylight, especially in winter time, to entrain their circadian rhythm. If one belongs to the group of employees who have no time for daylight exposure and are not supplied by Human Centric Lighting (HCL) in their office, the only chance to get circadian light may be the daily commute. The mega trend of urbanisation increases time of commute, with on average 20-60 minutes spent daily in public transportation in European cities. By introducing HCL to public transport, especially metro vehicles, this time frame can be used to provide the commuting work force with circadian lighting. A LIGHT BOOSTER metro car is proposed to provide the right intensity, spectral distribution, directionality and timing of light to regulate the human inner clock and support health. The LIGHT BOOSTER metro car is very efficient as light is best used due to a high person per square meter ratio. This ratio is higher than in any office building. The energy consumption equals that of an conventional single household. Besides expected health benefits, the LIGHT BOOSTER metro car works as an educative tool, raising awareness for the beneficial effects of light on human health and well-being.

This thesis will investigate the relationship between lighting and perception of safety through a case study. The main focus of this study is outdoor lighting with consideration of gender equality and perception of safety. Although street lighting is generally recognized as the most important environmental features that influences subjective perception of safety after dark, there is still lack of knowledge regarding the needed quality of light for this purpose and how it may influence perceived safety. Literature review indicates that effect of light on perceived safety works through two different mechanisms: natural surveillance and social integration. The main focus of this thesis is on natural surveillance. Indeed, light by increasing visibility in interaction with presence of people, enhance possibilities of natural surveillance. Based on literature review, a tool has been developed to have a more specific examination of visibility.Besides, the women’s safety audit (WSA) diagnostic tool is used as a qualitative data collection tool to identify unsafe spots in the chosen area by 10 local female participants. The chosen area is a residential area in Eskilstuna city, called Årby neighbourhood. All the participants were asked to determine unsafe spots from their perspective in the chosen area during an exploratory night walk. In the next step, the identified unsafe spots are analysed by means of the developed tool in terms of visibility.The result of this thesis supports the previous findings regarding the relationship between visibility and safety perception. Results show that urban settings with low level of prospect (obstructed view), high level of entrapment (escape difficulty), high level of concealment (lots of hiding spots), lack of illuminated visual spatial boundaries (sky plane, vertical plane and ground plane), low level of facial recognition and obstacle detection, low level of illumination of path, high level of glare and varied lighting distribution are judged as the most unsafe by women. In addition, the study revealed that illuminated ground plane has the minimum impact on sense of safety in comparison with other safety-related environmental factors. Consequently, this study highlighted that standards and guidelines, which are related to ground plane, are not very beneficial for improving perception of safety.

Urbana miljöers komplexitet och rörelse kräver noga planerad ljussättning och omsorgsfull prioritering i samspelet mellan att lyfta fram viktiga element och lämna andra åt sidan. För att minska risken för överbelysning genom ljussättning av objekt med stor ljushetskontrast mot dess bakgrund bör alternativa metoder för att framhäva landmärken i stadsrum utredas. Detta examensarbete undersöker hur upplevelsen av mindre urbana landmärken påverkas av ljushetskontraster i dess bakgrund. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur landmärkenas bakgrundsbelysning utformas idag, samt hur framhävning av landmärken påverkas av ljuskontrasten i dess bakgrund. Genom att använda ljussättning av landmärkenas bakgrundsmiljö som ett verktyg, syftar studien till att bidra till att skapa en tydlig och lättförståelig orientering genom stadsmiljön under mörka timmar.  Studien genomfördes i tre delmoment genom ett fältexperiment, intervjuer och ett kvasi-experiment. Observation av utvalda urbana objekt och dess omgivning genomfördes i fältexperimentet. Detta följt av två semistrukturerade intervjuer kring ljusdesigners beaktningstagande av bakgrunden vid ljussättning av landmärken i urban miljö. Vid observation av studiens kvasi-experiment analyserades generella miljöer med olika bakgrundsprinciper i en iscensatt urban miljö.  Resultaten av studien visar att olika stort beaktningstagande tas angående ljussättningen av urbana objekts omgivning, beroende på tidigare erfarenhet av ljusplanering. Studiens kvasi-experiment visade att ljushetskontrasten mellan ett urbant objekt och dess bakgrund, tillsammans med ljushetskontraster och formen på ljusbilderna inom bakgrunden, påverkar hur objektet uppfattas. Resultaten indikerar att en ljussättning av en urban miljö, med hänsyn till ovanstående faktorer, har påverkan på upplevelsen av objekten i miljön. Då bakgrunden är ljussatt lågmält, symmetriskt och då hela bakgrunden är definierbar ges en uppfattning om den omgivande miljön, vilket gör att objektet framhävs. / The complexity and movement of urban environments require carefully planned lighting and prioritization in the interplay between highlighting important elements and leaving others aside. In order to reduce the risk of over-lighting by lighting objects with a large brightness contrast against their background, alternative methods for highlighting landmarks in urban spaces should be investigated. This thesis examines how the experience of smaller urban landmarks is affected by brightness contrasts in its background. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the background lighting of landmarks is designed and is being designed today, as well as how highlighting of landmarks is affected by the light contrast in its background. By using lighting of the landmarks background environment as a tool, the study aims to help create a clear and easy-to-understand orientation through the urban environment during dark hours.  The study was carried out in three phases through a field experiment, interviews and a final quasi-experiment. An observation of selected urban objects and their areas was carried out in the field experiment, followed by two semi-structured interviews regarding lighting designers consideration of the background when lighting landmarks in an urban environment. When observing the studys quasi-experiment, general environments with different background principles were analyzed in a staged urban environment.  The results of the study show that varying degrees of consideration are taken regarding the lighting of urban objects surroundings, depending on previous experience with lighting planning. The studys quasi-experiment showed that the brightness contrast between an urban object and its background, together with brightness contrasts and the shape of the light images within the background, affects how the object is perceived. The results indicate that the lighting of an urban environment, taking these factors into account, has an impact on the experience of the objects in the environment. When the background is lit softly, symmetrically, and when the entire background is definable, an idea of the surrounding environment is given, which makes the object emphasized.