Thesis (MScEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In terms of its contribution to the agricultural economic activity in Namibia, the small stock industry is the most important sector, second only to the beef industry. This sector makes a significant contribution to the agricultural business in Namibia due to the sector’s exports, its provision of employment, use of natural resources, contribution to GDP and to consumer spending as well as food security. Agricultural activities in Namibia contributed 5.5 percent to Namibia’s GDP, while 70 percent of the population relies on agriculture for employment and day-to-day living. Livestock farming in Namibia is free ranging on natural pastures and therefore produces high-quality meat that is in high demand in both the national and international markets. Small stock production in Namibia is unstable due to the high variability of weather patterns, changes in economic and social environments, unpredictable droughts as well as political and structural changes. Due to the decline in mutton production over the last years, research in the supply economics of the mutton industry in Namibia is important. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between the various price and non-price factors contributing to the supply dynamics within the mutton industry in Namibia. Two hypotheses are tested with the aid of econometric modelling techniques on monthly time series data. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag approach to co-integration was used to determine the long-run and short-run supply response elasticities towards economic and climatology factors. Results showed a significant long-run relationship between the average Namibian mutton producer price and mutton supply. Results revealed that a one percent increase in the mutton producer price leads to a 1.97 percent increase in mutton supply. Beef producer price, a substitute product to mutton, showed a significant negative long-run effect towards mutton production whereas rainfall showed a meaningful positive long-run contribution to mutton supply. These supply shifters towards mutton production also showed significant short-run elasticities. Results further revealed that the system takes nearly two months to recover to the long-run supply equilibrium, should any disturbances occur within the supply system. The study showed that price-related and climatological factors play a major role in the Namibian mutton production industry. Industry stakeholders and policy makers should therefore incorporate these significant relationships between supply shifters and production output into future decisions and marketing policies to secure a healthy, growing and sustainable mutton industry in Namibia. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In terme van bydrae tot die landboubedryf in Namibië is die kleinveebedryf die tweede belangrikste sektor, net kleiner as die land se grootveebedryf. Die sektor maak ‘n betekenisvolle bydrae tot die landboubedryf in Namibië deur middel van werkskepping, die gebruik van natuurlike hulpbronne, bydrae tot Bruto Binnelandse Produk, uitvoere, verbruikersbesteding sowel as voedselsekerheid. Landbou-aktiwiteite dra by tot 5,5 persent van die Bruto Binnelandse Produk van ‘n land waar meer as 70 persent van die bevolking afhanklik is van landbou om ‘n bestaan te kan maak. Veeboerdery in Namibië geskied ekstensief op natuurlike veld wat lei tot die produksie van ‘n hoë kwaliteit produk, wat hoog in aanvraag is in plaaslike en internasionale markte. Kleinvee produksie in Namibië is onstabiel as gevolg van fluktuasies in weerpatrone, veranderings in ekonomiese en sosiale omgewings, onvoorspelbare droogtes asook politieke- en struktuurveranderinge. As gevolg van die huidige afname in skaapvleis produksie is navorsing in die aanbodkantekonomie van die skaapvleisbedryf belangrik in Namibië. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die verwantskap te ondersoek tussen verskeie prys en nie-prys faktore wat bydra tot die aanboddinamika van die skaapvleisbedryf. Twee hipoteses word getoets met behulp van ekonometriese modelleringstegnieke op maandelikse tydreeksdata. ‘n Outoregressiewe verspreide sloeringbenadering tot ko-integrasie is gebruik om die langtermyn en korttermyn elastisiteite tussen ekonomiese en klimaatsfaktore vir die aanbod van skaapvleis te bepaal. Resultate dui op ‘n betekenisvolle langtermyn verwantskap tussen die gemiddelde Namibiese produsente prys en skaapvleis produksie. Resultate wys daarop dat ‘n een persent styging in skaapvleis produsente prys ‘n 1,97 persent styging in skaapvleis aanbod het. Die beesvleis produsente prys, ‘n substituut vir skaapvleis, het ‘n beduidende negatiewe effek getoon oor die langtermyn op skaapvleis produksie. Reënval het ‘n beduidende positiewe bydrae getoon ten opsigte van skaapvleis aanbod. Hierdie aanbodsfaktore het betekenisvolle korttermyn elastisiteite getoon. Resultate het ook getoon dat die stelsel twee maande neem om te herstel tot die langtermyn aanbodsewewig, sou daar enige drastiese veranderings in die stelsel plaasvind. Die studie het getoon dat prysverwante en klimaatsfaktore ‘n uiters prominente rol speel met betrekking tot skaapvleisproduksie in Namibië. Bedryfsaandeelhouers en politieke leiers sal hierdie betekenisvolle verwantskappe tussen produksie faktore en aanbod uitset in ag moet neem in toekomstige beplanning en bemarkingsbeleid om ‘n gesonde, groeiende en volhoubare skaapvleisbedryf in Namibië te verseker.

Orientador: Salatiér Buzetti / Resumo: A agricultura tem evoluído nos últimos anos, entretanto, a pecuária continua com índices insatisfatórios. Considerando a conservação ambiental e a parte econômica, se tornam desejáveis sistemas altamente produtivos, com o uso e ocupação do solo em tempo permanente. Uma técnica que pode ser empregada é a integração lavoura-pecuária, possibilitando além da produção de fibras e grãos nas safras, a produção de forragem na época seca. Assim, o objetivo com esse trabalho foi verificar a viabilidade técnica e econômica do consórcio milho segunda safra e capim-xaraés, em duas épocas de semeadura, com ou sem inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense e doses de nitrogênio em cobertura; bem como o estabelecimento da pastagem na entressafra, em sistema irrigado em região de Cerrado, e verificar a viabilidade do sistema com a cultura da soja, em sucessão do consórcio. O estudo foi conduzido em área experimental irrigada, no município de Selvíria – MS, com início em março de 2015, com duração de dois anos. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, dispostos em esquema fatorial 2x2x4, sendo: uso de Azospirillum brasilense (com e sem a inoculação); época e forma de semeadura do capim-Xaraés no consórcio (concomitantemente ao milho; ou em pós-emergência do milho); e doses de N em cobertura na cultura do milho (0; 50; 100 e 150 kg ha-1). As variáveis dependentes para as culturas graníferas foram os componentes agronômicos, componentes produtivos, produtividad... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Agriculture has evolved in recent years; however, livestock production continues to be unsatisfactory. Considering the environmental conservation and the economic part, highly productive systems becomes desirable, with the use and occupation of the soil in permanent time. One technique that can be employed is the use of crop-livestock integration, making possible the production of fibers and grains in the crops and the production of pasture in the dry season. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the technical and economic feasibility of corn, second crop, in consortium with xaraés palisadegrass, inoculated or not with Azospirillum brasilense and sidedressing nitrogen doses on corn; as well as the establishment of pasture in the dry season, in an irrigated system in the Cerrado region, and verify the viability of the system with the soybean crop, in succession of the consortium. The experiment was conducted in irrigated experimental area, in Selvíria county – MS, beginning in March of 2015, with a duration of two years. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications arranged in a 2x2x4, with the use of Azospirillum brasilense (with and without inoculation); sowing of the Xaraés palisadegrass in the consortium (concomitantly to corn, or in post-emergence of corn); and sidedressing N rates on corn (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1). The dependent variables for the grain crops were the agronomic components, productive components, grain yield and nutrient... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Land-use change (LUC) or land use has been largely responsible for a large part of carbon dioxide emissions and soil degradation. The increased demand for bioenergy has led to the expansion of sugarcane areas in the south-central region, especially in areas previously used as pasture, and increased demand for food has expanded the use of marginal soils (i.e, sandy). In this way, the native vegetation gave place to the areas with pastures and, later, the transformed pastures in fields for the production of grains or bioenergy. However, despite the high positive economic impact for the country through the production of soybeans and sugarcane, it is not known how this LUC is affecting the resources and the quality of the soil. For this, in this work the indicators to evaluate soil quality under different land uses in the tropical transition region of southern Brazil were measured. Four land uses (native vegetation, pasture, sugarcane, and soybean) were evaluated in three sites with different soil conditions. The hypothesis tested in this study was that intensification of agriculture through pasture management, soybean cultivation under no-tillage system (NT), integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS) and sugarcane improved soil quality. Soil samples were collected in three layers (0.0 - 0.10, 0.10 - 0.20, 0.20 -0.30 m) in Londrina, Santo Inácio and São Jorge do Ivaí, northern- PR- Brazil. Physical, chemical, biological attributes, stocks of carbon and nitrogen were analyzed in the laboratory. A Soil Quality Index (SQI) was also calculated using the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF). The results point to the enormous potential of soil carbon sequestration through NT, ICLS and pasture management, especially in the marginal areas in the process of agricultural expansion in Brazil. In addition, it was concluded that land use with soybean and sugarcane does not induce physical and chemical degradation of the soil in relation to pasture, but the low carbon and nitrogen inventory in the soil, and the lower SQI, the expansion of sugarcane should be avoided in sandy soils. / A mudança de uso da terra (MUT), ou o uso da terra, tem sido responsável, globalmente, por grande parte das emissões de dióxido de carbono e pela degradação do solo. O aumento da demanda por bioenergia, tem ocasionado a expansão das áreas de cana-de-açúcar na região centro sul, principalmente em áreas que anteriormente eram usadas como pastagem, e o aumento da demanda por alimentos tem expandido as áreas de produção de grãos para solos marginais (ou seja, arenosos). Desta forma, a vegetação nativa deu lugar às áreas com pastagens e, posteriormente, as pastagens transformadas em lavouras para a produção de grãos ou bioenergia. Contudo, apesar do alto impacto econômico positivo para o país através da produção da soja e da cana-de-açúcar, não se tem conhecimento de como esta MUT está afetando os recursos e a qualidade do solo. Para isto, neste trabalho mensuramos indicadores para avaliar a qualidade do solo sob diferentes usos na região de transição tropical no Sul do Brasil. Foram avaliados quatro usos da terra (vegetação nativa, pastagem, cultivo com cana-de-açúcar e cultivo com soja) em três locais com condições de solo distintas. A hipótese testada neste trabalho foi que a intensificação da agricultura através do manejo das pastagens, do cultivo da soja em sistema plantio direto (SPD), integração lavoura pecuária (ILP) e da cana-de-açúcar melhoram a qualidade do solo. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em três camadas (0,0 – 0,10; 0,10 – 0,20; e 0,20 – 0,30 m) nos municípios de Londrina, Santo Inácio e São Jorge do Ivaí, região norte do PR. Foram analisados, em laboratório, atributos físicos, químicos, biológicos, estoques de carbono e nitrogênio do solo. Também foi calculado um índice de qualidade do solo (IQS) através da Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF). Os resultados apontam enorme potencial de sequestro de carbono no solo através do SPD, ILP e manejo das pastagens, principalmente nas áreas marginais em processo de expansão da agricultura no Brasil. Além disso, concluiu-se que o uso da terra com soja e cana-de-açúcar não induz degradação física e química do solo em relação a pastagem, porém o baixo estoque de carbono e nitrogênio no solo, e o menor IQS, orientam que a expansão da cana-de-açúcar deve ser evitada em solos arenosos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:30:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 3461400 bytes, checksum: b9781bbcf62d3ef6f7b5fef1dbbaa29c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Espírito Santo pastures are mostly degraded, pest attack is one of the main causes and it represents a big obstacle to the establishment of sustainable livestock. In most Brazilian states, the knowledge of pasture pests is limited. With an objective of furthering the understanding of pasture pests in the Espírito Santo state, this study was conducted to identify the species of the Heteroptera group; assign to the species a status of phytophagous, and predatory; construct distribution maps; observe common occurrences between species obtained in pastures and determine the richness and abundance of species with economic potential. The Heteroptera found represented 18 families, 54 genera and 68 species/morphospecies. Among all the species found, the ones that show economic potential are Dolichomiris linearis, Trigonotylus tenuis, Pseudopachybrachius Collaria vinctus oleosa (Miridae), (Rhyparochromidae), Blissus Oebalus sp. (Blissidae), ypsilongriseus (Pentatomidae) classified as phytophagous and Doldina carinulata (Reduviidae) and Nabis sp. (Nabidae) as predators. The most abundant species were Collaria oleosa and Blissus sp., found in angola grass (Brachiaria mutica) and tangola grass (Brachiaria arrecta x B. mutica) respectively. The type of grass and region are directly related with the abundance of the Heteroptera species. The Northern and Northwestern regions had low indices of Shannon-Wiener 0,248, as well as the equitability (J) 0,507 e 0,275 respectively. / As pastagens do estado do Espírito Santo em sua maioria estão degradadas, sendo o ataque de pragas um dos principais fatores de degradação e representam um grande obstáculo para o estabelecimento de uma pecuária bovina sustentável. Para a maioria dos estados brasileiros o conhecimento das pragas em pastagens é escasso. Com o objetivo de ampliar o conhecimento do grupo Heteroptera nas pastagens do estado do Espírito Santo, foi realizado este estudo visando: identificar as espécies de Heteroptera; atribuir às espécies os status de fitófagos e predadores; confeccionar mapas de distribuição; observar as ocorrências em comum entre as espécies obtidas nas pastagens e determinar a riqueza e a abundância das espécies com potencial econômico. Os Heteroptera encontrados no Espírito Santo, por meio deste estudo, representam 18 famílias, 54 gêneros e 68 espécies/morfoespécies. Destas, as espécies com potencial econômico são: Dolichomiris linearis, Trigonotylus tenuis, Collaria oleosa (Miridae), Blissus sp. (Blissidae), Pseudopachybrachius vinctus (Rhyparochromidae), Oebalus ypsilongriseus (Pentatomidae), como fitófagos, e Doldina carinulata (Reduviidae) e Nabis sp. (Nabidae) como predadores. As espécies mais abundantes nas pastagens do Estado foram Collaria oleosa e Blissus sp. encontradas nos capins angola (Brachiaria mutica) e tangola (Brachiaria arrecta x B. mutica), respectivamente. O tipo de gramínea e a região de localização da gramínea estão diretamente relacionados com a abundância das espécies. As regiões Norte e Noroeste apresentaram baixos índices de Shannon- assim como de equitabilidade (J) 0,507 e 0,275 respetivamente.

Orientador: André Mendes Jorge / Resumo: Os sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPAs), surgem como estratégia para aumentar a produtividade e renda para o produtor ao mesmo tempo que alcançam a sustentabilidade. No entanto, seus efeitos na qualidade da carcaça e carne dos animais nele produzidos carecem de elucidação. Assim, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o desempenho e as características da carcaça e carne de bovinos da raça Nelore terminados em SIPAs, sem disponibilidade de sombra (integração lavoura-pecuária: ILP) e com duas densidades de árvores (integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta: ILPF, com 196 árvores/ha e 448 árvores/ha). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos, com três tratamentos (ILP, ILPF-1L e ILPF-3L) e quatro repetições por tratamento, totalizando 12 parcelas experimentais. Foram utilizados 60 animais da raça Nelore castrados de aproximadamente 28±2,81 meses de idade e peso médio inicial de 385,71±27,17 kg para a avaliação do desempenho. Após o abate dos animais, foram coletadas 48 amostras do músculo longissimus thoracis para as análises de qualidade da carcaça e carne. Não foram encontradas diferenças (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos para o ganho médio diário e peso vivo final, contribuindo para ausência de diferença no peso e rendimento da carcaça quente, dianteiro, traseiro especial e ponta de agulha (P>0,05). Do mesmo modo, não foi encontrada diferença (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos para área de olho de lombo inicial e final, espessura de gordura subcutânea inicial e fin... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-07T20:27:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) renan_coelho_dias.pdf: 1261246 bytes, checksum: a020ffd1753202b711556e20a2dd62b6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-30T15:12:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) renan_coelho_dias.pdf: 1261246 bytes, checksum: a020ffd1753202b711556e20a2dd62b6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-30T15:12:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) renan_coelho_dias.pdf: 1261246 bytes, checksum: a020ffd1753202b711556e20a2dd62b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Este trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental do Moura, em Curvelo-MG, pertencente ? Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Foram realizados dois experimentos: o primeiro objetivou realizar a fitossociologia em pastagem de Brachiaria decumbens (capim-braqui?ria) antes e ap?s a renova??o com a implanta??o de sistemas agrossilvipastoris; eo segundo experimento visou avaliar o uso do bentazon para o manejo de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em cons?rcio com as forrageiras Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (capim-marandu) e Macrotyloma axillare (java) com eucalipto em sistemas agrossilvipastoris implantados em dezembro de 2014. No primeiro experimento,em novembro de 2014, realizou-se o levantamento fitossociol?gico na pastagem de capim-braqui?ria, antecedendo a implanta??o dos sistemas integrados; e o segundo foi feito um ano ap?s a implanta??o dos sistemas, em dezembro de 2015. O segundo experimento teve por base parcelas que foram compostas por arranjos de cultivos consorciados com milho e B. brizantha cv. Marandu (capim-marandu), ou M. axillare (java) ou capim-marandu+java, al?m de eucalipto, nos espa?amentos de 12?2 e 12?3 m. Nas subparcelas, foram avaliados os manejos de plantas daninhas com e sem o uso de bentazon. Observou-se no primeiro experimento que houve redu??o no n?mero de esp?cies de plantas daninhas ap?s a implanta??o dos diferentes sistemas agrossilvipastoris, e o capim-marandu foi capaz de inibir a incid?ncia de outras plantas, formando pasto produtivo, ao contr?rio da java. No segundo experimento, p?de-se observar que o herbicida n?o foi eficiente no controle de plantas daninhas, mesmo entre os diferentes arranjos de plantio; tamb?m n?o houve interfer?ncia destes sobre a produtividade de milho. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / This study was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Moura, in Curvelo-MG, belonging to the Federal University of Valleys Jequitinhonha and Mucuri. Two experiments were conducted: the first aimed to perform the phytosociology in Brachiaria decumbens (braquiaria grass) before and after renovation with the implementation of agrosilvopastoral systems; and the second experiment aimed to evaluate the use of bentazon for weed management in corn intercropped with Brachiaria brizantha forage. Marandu (marandu grass) and Macrotyloma axillare (java) with eucalyptus in agrosilvopastoral systems deployed in December 2014. In the first experiment, in November 2014, held the phytosociological survey in signal grass pasture, prior to deployment of the systems integrated; and the second was made a year after the deployment of the systems in December 2015. The second experiment was based on plots that were composed by intercropping with arrangements with corn and B. brizantha cv. Marandu (Marandu grass), or M. axillare (java) or Marandu grass + java, and eucalyptus, the spacings 12?2 and 12 ? 3 m. Subplots evaluated the weed management systems with and without the use of bentazon. It was observed in the first experiment there was a reduction in the number of weed species after the implementation of the different agrosilvopastoral systems, and marandu grass was able to inhibiting the incidence of other plants, forming pasture production, unlike java. In the second experiment, it was observed that the herbicide was not effective in weed control, even between different arrangements of planting; also there was no interference of these on corn yield.

Water as a vital fluid is important not only for the man himself, but also for the creatures in his company. Hence the thesis aims to convey complex information about the problems of water supply for livestock and to assess the possible impacts of failure of water supplies on selected livestock sector. Given to the aim of the thesis the question, what impact would have any long-term loss of water to the livestock sector, has risen. Problems of water supply failures are dealt with in connection with the population, but the requirements of livestock are not remembered in this direction. The theoretical part contains the characteristics of the infrastructure and critical infrastructure. In the next section of the theoretical part is comprehensively discussed water as an essential natural element and its importance to the natural environment. In this part are also mentioned legislative documents attaching to water management. The third section of the theoretical part is dedicated to breeds of livestock and agricultural issues in general. The most commonly bred and economically most frequently used animals include cattle, pigs and poultry. The last subchapter of the theoretical part consists of discussion of certain legislative documents that provide the legal regulation of farming and animal protection in the Czech legal system. The research is based on a mapping of the current situation in selected livestock breeding - these are cattle, poultry and pigs, due to their economic importance we can expect complications in connection with the failure of the water supply. For the needs of the research was used qualitative research strategy. To obtain the data were used semi-structured interviews with responsible staff or owners of the surveyed companies. The obtained data from the respondents were subsequently analysed using logical analysis. Based on the results of logical analysis and information obtained from interviews was built SWOT analysis, which filed a broader look at the issue of water supply to farms. The interviews revealed that the condition of the water supply at surveyed companies varies. Examined companies are supplied with water according to the local conditions and opportunities that varies on location considerably. Breeds are mainly supplied with water from private sources, the sample minority is supplied from public sources. It was also found that most water sources for breeding is absolutely dependent on electricity supply, completely autonomous was only one examined breed. Supplied water to two-thirds of surveyed farms must be chemically treated. Replacement of water supply in the event of main power failure has secured five of the six companies surveyed. Given the significant reliability of the primary sources of water was not easy to map the course of an extended power outage water on animal behaviour. Most respondents agreed, however, that the consequences of long-term loss of water would have been fatal. For the majority of surveyed farms seasons don't have influence on the course and consequences of failure of the water supply. Certain seasonal effect was recorded in the case of breeding cattle. Long-term water outage would be solved according to the results depending on the respective local conditions where companies would seek to rely on their own resources and consequently on the assistance of organizations with whom they have good relations. Individual companies perceive the danger of failure of water supply differently, depending on the trust in the water supply from otherwise reliable primary source. Examined companies are preparing for the loss of water supplies according to their momentary conditions and abilities, even if they are not strictly mandated by legislation. This can be considered a positive finding that despite the absence of legislative obligations and appropriate methodologies companies create conditions in case of failure of water supply.

A presença e a importância das cooperativas no Rio Grande do Sul - especialmente as ligadas ao setor produtivo - é consenso entre os estudiosos do tema. Estas organizações foram constituídas por distintos agentes, com, igualmente, objetivos distintos, em múltiplos tempos e locais, apresentando estruturas e funcionamentos diversos. A fim de compreender o rico e pouco estudado universo dos elaboradores e participantes da constituição dessas organizações - no caso, os produtores familiares ligados à Cooperativa de Carnes do município de Sananduva - bem como das formas com que seus associados se relacionam com elas, contemplando, igualmente as mudanças operadas nas próprias Organizações, este trabalho elabora, primeiramente, tipos ideais dos produtores associados. Em segundo momento, examina as transformações operadas na própria Cooperativa, visando estabelecer, a partir destas duas análises, quais são as relações constituídas entre a Organização e seus associados. Conjeturaram-se, como hipóteses fundamentais, que, à medida que os produtores de suínos associados avançam no processo histórico, eles transformam-se, diversificando-se quanto a seu tipo. A cooperativa estudada, por sua vez, consolida um modelo hegemônico, o empresarial, mas mantém laços de dominação pautados na tradição. Verificou-se, comprovando-se as hipóteses apontadas, a presença de dois tipos de produtores: o tradicional e o empresarial, que sustentam uma dominação em relação à Cooperativa (progressivamente burocratizada e empresarial) baseada em uma relação firmada em valores. / The presence and importance of cooperatives within Rio Grande do Sul - especially those that are linked to the productive sector - is consensus among specialists of the topic. These organizations were constituted by different agents, with, likewise, different goals, in multiple times and localities, showing diverse structures and functionings. With the purpose to understand the rich and little-studied universe of people who elaborate and participate in the constitution of those organizations - in this case, the family producers involved to the "Cooperativa Sananduva de Carnes e Derivados Ltda." [a cooperative of meat production] within Sananduva Municipality - as well as the forms by which associates report to them, having in mind, as well, the changes that has been operated in the Organizations, this work elaborates, firstly, ideal types of the associated producers. At a second time, it examines the transformations that were operated inside the Cooperative, attempting to establish, from these two analyses, what are the relationships that were constituted between the Organization and their associates. The fundamental hypotheses that have been conjuctured is that, as long as the associates of swine production go forward in the historic process, they transform themselves, diversifying according to their type. The surveyed cooperative consolidates a hegemonic model, or entrepreneurial, however it keeps links of domination patterned by tradition. It was verified, confirming the mentioned hypotheses, the presence of two types of producers: the traditional and the entrepreneurial in relation to the Cooperative (progressively bureaucratized and entrepreneurial) based on a relation that has been consolidated in values.

Submitted by Michelle Bartels (mi_cia_bartels@yahoo.de) on 2016-02-22T19:09:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Michelle_RevisãoBanca.pdf: 1872613 bytes, checksum: 052d038e4a16822d64e4586b9f525fd9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2016-02-23T21:23:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Michelle_RevisãoBanca.pdf: 1872613 bytes, checksum: 052d038e4a16822d64e4586b9f525fd9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-24T11:25:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Michelle_RevisãoBanca.pdf: 1872613 bytes, checksum: 052d038e4a16822d64e4586b9f525fd9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-05 / The paper objects to investigate whether the price of Brazilian rural lands depends on major agricultural commodity prices and exportation volumes – principally those linked to Brazilian agricultural production value, as well as macroeconomics variables, such as basic interest rate, exchange rate, inflation rate and availability of subsidized agricultural credit. For this purpose, it was considered agricultural production of cotton, coffee, sugarcane (and its main derived products, sugar and ethanol), corn and soybean, cattle production and the industrial production of bleached hardwood kraft pulp focusing on its main raw material, the reforested eucalyptus plantations. Results were aligned with previous studies, where empirical evidence was found that rural land prices present a cointegration with some of the crop, livestock and forestry variables mentioned above, mainly in states with agriculture and / or forestry aptitude. On the macroeconomic side, basic interest rate was the only variable that presented cointegration with land prices for all states under assessment; exchange rate and availability of subsidized rural credit were not statistically significant variables. For the States with significant participation in Brazil´s agroforestry products balance, the study concludes that it is possible to model a long-term equilibrium between price of rural lands and variables highlighted above, in a way that can be used by investors as a projection tool to help in the decision processes and to evaluate potential impacts on the value of their assets. The improvement of this study was to test the hypothesis of cointegration for each of the States of the federation. / Este trabalho tem como proposta investigar como o preço de terras de uso rural no Brasil é afetado pelos preços e exportações das principais commodities agropecuárias, bem como por variáveis macroeconômicas, como taxa básica de juros, taxa de câmbio, taxa de inflação e disponibilidade de crédito agrícola. Para tal foram consideradas as produções agrícola de algodão, café, cana-de-açúcar (e seus principais produtos açúcar e etanol), milho e soja, a produção pecuária de carne bovina e a produção industrial de celulose de fibra curta com foco em sua principal matéria prima, os plantios reflorestados de eucalipto. Em linha com estudos anteriores, foi encontrada evidência empírica de que o preço da terra possui cointegração com algumas das variáveis agrícolas, pecuárias e florestais citadas, em especial em estados com maior vocação agropecuária e/ou para silvicultura. Quanto às variáveis macroeconômicas, apenas a taxa básica de juros apresentou cointegração com o preço de terras para todos os estados avaliados, taxa de câmbio e disponibilidade de crédito rural não aparecem como variáveis estatisticamente significantes. Conclui-se que, para estados com notável participação na balança comercial brasileira de produtos agrossilvipastoris, é possível obter um modelo de equilibro de longo prazo entre o preço da terra de uso rural e as variáveis destacadas acima, de modo que investidores do setor possam utilizá-lo como ferramenta de projeção no auxílio da tomada de decisão além de avaliar potenciais impactos no valor de seus ativos A inovação do presente estudo está em testar as hipóteses de cointegração para cada um dos estados da federação.

Submitted by Roberta Cristina Possamai (possamai.beta@gmail.com) on 2017-02-17T18:14:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Roberta Possamai_versão final (fev2017).pdf: 1492795 bytes, checksum: 82c01178c5b43c7624c12c1c6c19b43b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Fabiana da Silva Segura (fabiana.segura@fgv.br) on 2017-02-17T18:29:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Roberta Possamai_versão final (fev2017).pdf: 1492795 bytes, checksum: 82c01178c5b43c7624c12c1c6c19b43b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-20T12:24:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Roberta Possamai_versão final (fev2017).pdf: 1492795 bytes, checksum: 82c01178c5b43c7624c12c1c6c19b43b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-02 / Under what technical and market conditions does an integrated croplivestock system (iLP) become economically viable in the Brazilian Savanna? Despite the productive and environmental advantages of the iLP systems and the conditions that make them technically feasible, the evaluation of their economic viability is fundamental for the implementation, consolidation and expansion of this modality of productive arrangement. The objective of this study is to evaluate under what technical and market conditions an iLP system becomes economically viable or ceases to be. In order to carry out such analysis, the analysis started with a representative (hypothetical) farm located in the Brazilian Savanna biome. The assessment of economic viability was based on the analysis of the Discounted Cash Flow of this farm and considered the 2016 economic and financial indicators as the base scenario. Based on that scenario, the study also evaluated how the economic viability of an iLP project changes from shocks on key variables. Among the results, it is noteworthy that, although the iLP system has proved to be economically profitable in most of the simulated scenarios, cyclical changes decisively affect the economic viability of the project. / Sob quais condições técnicas e de mercado um sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária (iLP) se torna economicamente viável no Cerrado? Em que pese as vantagens produtivas e ambientais dos sistemas iLP e as condições que os tornam tecnicamente factíveis, a avaliação de sua viabilidade econômica é fundamental para a implementação, consolidação e expansão dessa modalidade de arranjo produtivo. O objetivo dessa dissertação é avaliar sob quais condições técnicas e de mercado um sistema iLP se torna ou deixa de ser economicamente viável. Para realizar tal análise, partiu-se de uma propriedade rural representativa (hipotética) localizada no bioma Cerrado. A avaliação da viabilidade econômica se deu por meio da análise do Fluxo de Caixa Descontado dessa propriedade, considerando como cenário referencial os indicadores econômico-financeiros de 2016 (dados secundários). A partir desse cenário base e dando choques na principais variáveis do sistema, foram simulados cenários alternativos de forma a identificar sob quais condições o projeto se torna ou deixa de ser economicamente viável. Entre os resultados encontrados, destaca-se que, embora o sistema iLP tenha se mostrado economicamente rentável na maioria dos cenários simulados, alterações conjunturais afetam de forma decisiva a viabilidade econômica do projeto.