The Jesus People Movement was a large religious phenomenon that arose out of an amalgamation of the American counterculture and Hippie movements and American Pentecostalism. Beginning in 1967 the movement‘s early participants were mostly hippies who had claimed a conversion experience and instantaneous healing from drug addiction through an encounter with Jesus Christ. By the mid-1970s the growing phenomenon had attracted a broad range of youth, many of whom were not former hippies, but who did relate to the counterculture movement and the generation gap. Several enduring institutions arose from the heyday and have continued to impact American Pentecostalism and American Christianity more broadly. This thesis examines the historical links between the Jesus People Movement, American Pentecostalism, and the Hippie movement as well as the sociological and theological resemblance to American Pentecostalism. Based on the family resemblance analogy, the thesis concludes that the Jesus People Movement should be included as a significant part of the story of American Pentecostalism.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PRACA DA MATRIZ.pdf: 5567390 bytes, checksum: 9e77526bc5d50bb6e9342a821518fe49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This master s thesis sews together a reflection about the city of Itapecerica da Serra, São Paulo, from 1980 to 2003. An urban intervention of significant impact, the reform of the Central Plaza became the theme for the development of this research project. The memories and histories recounted in interviews with residents, users, passers-by, and the city s public sector representatives, interwoven with other documents both written and figurative, reveal the varied meanings the plaza, symbol of the city, has had on their lives as well as on that of the city itself. Fundamental to this study are the effects of this intervention on the way of knowing and living with the plaza as a space. The analysis of these memories challenge some facets of the history that commonly travels around the city and reveal other possibilities for comprehending the construction of local history. The thesis follows chronological order. The first part narrates and analyzes the history of the city and the slow process of formation of the Central Plaza. The second part follows a chronology shaped by the memories of users to examine different moments of the intervention, analyzing the impact of these changes on the daily use and experience of the plaza. The third part examines the contradictions between the revitalization project and disputes in the city related to its realization / Nesta dissertação, é tecida uma reflexão sobre a cidade de Itapecerica da Serra, no período de 1980 a 2003. Uma intervenção urbanística de grande impacto, na Praça da Matriz, tornou-se o mote para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa. As memórias e histórias levantadas nos depoimentos de moradores, usuários, freqüentadores e representantes do poder público municipal, associados a outros documentos escritos e imagéticos, revelaram os significados que esta praça, símbolo na formação da cidade, teve em sua vida e na vida da cidade. Os efeitos desta intervenção no modo de conhecer e vivenciar o espaço são fundamentais neste estudo. A analise destas memórias desterrou algumas facetas da história que comumente transita pelos espaços da cidade e revelou outras possibilidades de compreensão da construção da história local. A dissertação segue uma ordem cronológica. Na primeira parte, a origem da cidade e o lento processo de formação da Praça da Matriz são narrados e analisados. No segundo momento, seguindo as temporalidades das memórias dos usuários e os diferentes momentos da intervenção, analisamos o impacto destas mudanças na experiência cotidiana e na utilização da praça. No terceiro momento, trouxemos as contradições entre a execução do projeto de revitalização e as disputas na cidade

This thesis is an investigation into the use of defensive architectural techniques by civilian settlers in frontier South Australia and the Northern Territory between 1847 and 1885. By focussing specifically on the civilian use of defensive architecture, this study opens a new approach to the archaeological investigation and interpretation of Australian rural buildings, an approach that identifies defensive strategies as a feature of Australian frontier architecture. Four sites are analysed in this study area, three of which are located in South Australia and one in the Northern Territory. When first built, the structures investigated were not intended, or expected, to become what they did - their construction was simply the physical expression of the fear felt by some of the colonial settlers of Australia. Over time, however, the stories attached to these structures have come to play a significant part in Australia’s frontier mythology. These structures represent physical manifestations of settler fear and Aboriginal resistance. Essentially fortified homesteads, they comprise a body of material evidence previously overlooked and unacknowledged in Australian archaeology, yet they are highly significant in terms of what they can tell us about frontier conflict, in relation to the mindsets and experiences of the settlers who built them. This architecture also constitutes material evidence of a vanguard of Australian colonisation (or invasion) being carried out, not by the military or police, but by civilian settlers. v Apart from this, these structures play a part in the popular mythology of Australia’s colonial past. All of these structures have a myth associated with them, describing them as having been built for defence against Aboriginal attack. These myths are analysed in terms of why they came into existence, why they have survived, and what role they play in the construction of Australia’s national identity. Drawn from, and substantiated through, the material evidence of the homesteads, these myths are one component of a wider body of myths which serve the ideological needs of the settler society through justifying its presence by portraying the settlers as victims of Aboriginal aggression.

The aim of this dissertation is to describe and analyse the development of the sports movement at a local level during the 20th century, focusing on the relationship between the municipality, in a broad sense, and the sports clubs, as well as on the conditions that have affected this relationship and the effects this has had for the clubs’ structural and cultural configuration. The thesis put forward is that there is a link between the parliamentary and governmental description of sport as socially beneficial, the relative autonomy of the sports movement, the institutionalisation of the municipalities’ sports policy and their involvement in the local sports culture and the expansion of competitive sport within the sports movement led by the Swedish Sports Confederation. The thesis is advanced in the context of a description of the Swedish sports model at the local level, its rise and eventual fall, and through case studies of three municipalities/local communities as well as a total of six sports clubs, all located in what is today Norrtälje municipality some ninety kilometres north of Stockholm. The thesis is generally confirmed. From the perspective of the central state, within the framework of a corporate governance model, it has involved compromising with a strong sports movement and simultaneously gaining legitimacy and support for its sports policy. This has not caused any major problems as the Swedish Sports Confederation, the sports movement’s unitary organisation, has in all important respects developed organised sport in a desirable way, or at least one that the government authorities have been willing to accept in view of services in return. It appears to be the same at a local level. The municipality has rewarded that section of organised sport which has made, in its opinion, the best contribution to producing a both physically and mentally civic educational as well as integrating leisure activity. On the whole this has been applicable to the performance- and result-oriented sport. This type of competitive sport, or rather, the clubs which have run it, have also been expected to be able to assist in managing the range of facilities, in raising the municipality’s PR value, in creating new services and job opportunities and in uniting the inhabitants.

This thesis aims to shed light upon three related research areas with the medieval period at their core: medieval Europeanization, the historiography of medieval places, the importance of the cultural environment and medieval period for the present day. By these means several current research angles are integrated within medieval research, the history of science and cultural heritage research. Six investigations of medieval central places in Ångermanland and Medelpad in northern Sweden are used to exemplify these issues. The use of hermeneutic theory emphasises the relationship between the present day community, the individual and the interpretation of history. The sites presented in the thesis represent the entire medieval period from the 11th Century to the start of the 16th Century. Two of them – Kvissle chapel and “Skelettåkern” (=The Skeleton Field) in Björned – functioned as private Christian churches or graveyards; two were important harbours – Sankt Olofshamn (=Saint Olof’s Harbour) and Kyrkesviken (=Church bay); two functioned as military castles or fortifications – Styresholm/ ”Pukeborg” and Bjärtrå stronghold. In addition to these, four medieval stone parish churches have been examined: the old church at Alnö in Medelpad, and the churches of Torsåker, Boteå and Grundsunda in Ångermanland. The Europeanization of Norrland is discussed with reference to aspects such as religious transition and parish formation, monetarization and changes in household structure, trade specialization and administrative territorialization. Central places have played an important role in this process. Historiography illuminates how, and in which contexts, knowledge and understanding of history and medieval central places has developed and been communicated. This includes the use of place names and the oral narration of history, authorship and scientific research into local history. A number of primary school teachers, adult education college (‘folk high school’) teachers and priests were particularly important for the growth of local historical research around the turn of the 20th century. The use of cultural heritage is illustrated with a discussion of how the medieval cultural environments in Ångermanland and Medelpad have been interpreted and used in recent years. This includes aspects such as signposting, teaching and research activities, mass media attention, amateur history plays and similar performances, and the formation of various types of society. These three aspects of Norrland’s medieval period, together with the use of a cultural heritage perspective, form a broader holistic picture of the social role of scientific research and the cultural environment, where local interest in history is important for regional development.

The aim of this study was to explore the social background of the people convicted of drunkenness offence in the town of Ljungby between 1936 and 1947. Drunkenness offense was sentenced to those found drunk in public but also societys attempt to control the s subclass. This view was in contrast to the ideal of the well-behaved worker who also spread during the end of the last century. Based on information found in index cards for drunkenness offenses provided by Ljungbys temperance board this studie explores whether alcohol use changes in different social classes. By mapping the offender's profession, age, gender and housing situation, the study shows clear overrepresentation of working class men. The study on gender showed similar trends in Ljungby as elsewhere in the country, that it was extremely few women who were convicted of drunkenness. When examining the age distribution in the drunkenness offences Ljungbys young people, namely those who were twentyfive years and younger, the numbers were slightly higher than in Sweden's cities but appeared to be consistent with official statistics on rural areas. The study's geographical part shows that there are patterns of drunkenness offenses and residential area and these patterns suggest that the drunks increasingly lived in neighborhoods that were considered to be poor. The conclusion is that there are class differences in who was convicted of drunkenness during 1936-1947 in Ljungby, both based on quantitative data and geographic survey.

Provincial town clerks and scriveners have hitherto been a neglected subject in the historiography of the legal profession, yet as this thesis demonstrates, they contributed significantly to medieval England’s legal and scribal culture. Arguing for a new definition of scriveners based on their legal and linguistic literacy, this fresh interpretation differentiates between scriveners, notaries, generic clerks and lawyers and modifies the existing tendency towards classifying scriveners purely on the basis of the work they did and the legal instruments they produced. The study not only rectifies a gap in our knowledge, but reconceptualises our understanding of the lower echelons of the legal profession by examining the work that scriveners did and the role that they played in the local legal administration of medieval England, and by extension, the ways in which they facilitated access to justice on several levels. Focussing primarily on Exeter, Bristol, Bridgwater and Southampton, this research for the first time reveals the identities of some of the many scriveners who worked outside of London and evaluates their activities in provincial England. In order to achieve this, the thesis considers the extent to which scriveners were an integral part of an urban legal service as members of the provincial secretariat. Underpinning the theoretical framework of this thesis are themes such as literacy, clerical identity and professionalization – all of which are examined through the prism of law, languages and access to justice. Grounded in a palaeographic and diplomatic approach to the manuscript sources, this research has yielded some surprising results regarding the essential role of provincial scriveners within the legal, political and administrative landscape of medieval England. Fundamentally, this thesis offers a new vision of provincial English scriveners and the influence of their work. Set against the backdrop of an increasingly ‘professional’ legal profession, the importance of provincial scriveners as the keepers and creators of legal memory is highlighted along with the impact that this had on the wider legal community of medieval England.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe atskleisti lokaliosios istorijos sampratą ir įvertinti lokaliųjų tyrinėjimų tendencijas 1918-1940.Pirmoje darbo dalyje atskleidžiama lokaliosios istorijos samprata šiuolaikiniame istorijos moksle, identifikuojant lokalinių tyrimų svarbos suvokimo lygį Lietuvoje ir pasaulyje. Antroje darbo dalyje analizuojama institucinės ir metodologinės prielaidos lokaliosios istorijos tyrinėjimams atsirasti Pirmosios Respublikos istoriografijoje, įvertinama lokaliosios istorijos refleksija 1918-1940 m. akademinėje bendruomenėje. Trečioje darbo dalyje nagrinėjamos lokaliosios istorijos publikacijų, pasirodžiusių 1918-1940 m. tematikos, chronologinių ribų, metodologijos bei šaltinotyros požiūriu. / The aim of the research is to reveal local history‘s definition and core elements in modern history science as well as to identify the main tendencies in it‘s research in Lithuania during 1918-1940. In the first part of the master work the fundamental features of local history and it's reflection in the modern history science are founded. In the second part of the master works the institutional and professional base of local historiography in Lithuania during 1918-1940 was analyzed. In the third part of the work the methodology, chronology and tematics of the local history publications during 1918-1940 was identified.

The purpose of this creative project is to address the lack of knowledge and understanding by Park Elementary school children of the historic architecture in Fairmount Township, Grant County, Indiana. This report documents the process utilized to develop, implement and evaluate a fourth-grade curriculum of Fairmount Township architectural history.A survey of students who had previously completed the Indiana history course assessed their knowledge of local history. The curriculum unit was developed based on the survey results. The unit was developed in two stages. First it was piloted, then after revision, it was fully implemented. A handout was developed and used to familiarize the students with the architectural concepts. A guide for teachers was developed to assist others in the use or adaptation of this unit to other communities. / Department of Architecture

The settlement history of the Vredefort Dome can be described as a process of cultural development. The Vaal River hydrosphere, which was for many years a prestigious settlement site, initially attracted large scale game and later livestock farmers. The drifts were a central part of a network of early strategic communication routes and outspans. From 1838, pioneer settlement, farm occupation and agricultural development followed, and the area eventually entered an agriculture-mining era. Gold-mining stimulated the regional economy and also played a significant role in the development of towns in the area. The Vaal River did not play a significant role from a mining perspective, but featured more prominently in the development of villages and, in a sense, served as a political boundary. The location of the water source often determined where people settled permanently. It also decided the position of the house and yard. From the outset, riparian dwellers attempted to manipulate the flow of the river by creating dams and utilising water for irrigation and domestic purposes. Drought conditions also left historical traces; water management projects upstream transformed the Vaal River into a steadily flowing stream, which led to the economic and cultural segregation of north and south. Man's fear associated with drought (too little water), floods (too much water), meteorology (the necessity of water), and the role of the supernatural (divining water) and superstition (the water snake stories) were expressed in the interaction between people and this water environment. A wide variety of people with distinct cultures lived alongside each other in the area. Western and African cultural goods, as well as customs and beliefs, were mutually adopted by these different cultural groups as a result of this contact. The way land has been used in the Dome area has evolved over the years. The culling of game made way for the permanent establishment of the livestocktravelling farmer. Hereafter prolonged drought conditions destroyed pastures and, consequently, large areas of land were ploughed for agricultural use. Agriculture, which is more labour intensive and needs more water for irrigation, was replaced by game farming, which is less labour intensive and requires less water This world heritage site has drawn global interest and ecotourism has attracted visitors to the Vaal River area. The riparian dwellers, however, remain victims of up-stream industrial and sewage pollution; in future, they are likely to fall prey to acid mine water pollution, with disastrous consequences. / PhD (History), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013