Die vorliegende Dissertation konzentriert sich auf die Untersuchung und Entwicklung hochfester Grobblechstähle mit erhöhtem Gehalt an der MA-Phase (Martensit-Austenit Phase). Dabei wurden Bildungsmechanismen der Mikrostruktur und insbesondere der MA-Phase in Abhängigkeit von der Walztechnologie an vier mikrolegierten Grobblechstählen untersucht. Zu diesem Zweck erfolgten zahlreihe Untersuchungen an verschiedenen Prüf- und Simulationsanlagen zur Charakterisierung des Werkstoffverhaltens sowie zur physikalischen Simulation der Grobblechherstellung mit der Anwendung von bekannten und neu entwickelten Wärmebehandlungstechnologien. Abschließend wurden mehrere Serien von Laborwalzversuchen auf einer Warmwalzpilotanlage durchgeführt, um die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse zu evaluieren, sowie die für Pipelinestähle relevanten mechanischen Eigenschaften zu ermitteln. Somit erstreckt sich die Arbeit über die gesamte Produktionskette zur Erzeugung der Grobblechstähle mit MA-Phase und beschreibt hierfür geeignete Herstellungsbedingungen, die in Betriebsanlagen leicht realisierbar sind.

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Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit modernen Überwachungsarten für die Einbindung von Bahnübergängen auf ETCS-Strecken. Im Rahmen der Harmonisierung des europäischen Eisenbahnverkehrs werden Strecken zunehmend mit dem Zugbeeinflussungssystem ETCS ausgerüstet, wobei vollüberwachte Systeme eine bedeutende Rolle spielen. Durch flache ETCS-Bremskurven kann es an Bahnübergängen herkömmlicher Überwachungsarten zu betrieblichen Einschränkungen kommen, was es zu vermeiden gilt. Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit ist es, Potenziale moderner Überwachungsarten für Bahnübergänge auf ETCS-Strecken aufzuzeigen. Zu Beginn werden herkömmliche Überwachungsarten und Konflikte bei deren Einbindung auf ETCS-Strecken beleuchtet. Es folgt eine Untersuchung der modernen Überwachungsarten sowie der zukünftigen Schnittstellenarchitektur zwischen Bahnübergangssicherungsanlage (BÜSA) und Stellwerk. Darauf aufbauend werden Vergleiche mit konventionellen Überwachungsarten anhand von beispielhaften Anwendungsfällen angestellt und Möglichkeiten zur Beschleunigung des Entwicklungsprozesses für eine zeitnahe Anwendungsreife identifiziert. Abschließend erfolgt eine Prüfung der Voraussetzungen für die Erprobung im Sicherungstechnischen Labor der TU Dresden.:1 Einführung 2 Grundlagen 3 Moderne Überwachungsarten Bahnübergänge 4 Moderne Überwachungsarten auf ETCS-Strecken 5 Entwicklung der Standardschnittstelle SCI-LX 6 Erprobung im SIL 7 Ergebnisse und Diskussion 8 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick / The present study addresses modern types of level crossing monitoring for the integration of level crossings on ETCS railway lines. As part of the harmonization of European rail traffic, lines are increasingly being equipped with the European Train Control System (ETCS), whereby fully supervised systems play an important role. Due to flat ETCS braking curves, operational restrictions can occur at level crossings of conventional monitoring types, which must be avoided. The aim of this study is to highlight the potential of modern level crossing monitoring types on ETCS lines and to identify outstanding development steps up to application maturity. At the beginning, conventional types of level crossing monitoring and conflicts in their integration on ETCS lines are examined. This is followed by an analyzation of new level crossing monitoring types and the future interface architecture between the level crossing protection system and the interlocking. Based on this, comparisons are made with conventional monitoring types by use cases, and possibilities for accelerating steps in the development process for timely application maturity are identified. Finally, the prerequisites for testing in the Railway Safety Engineering Laboratory of the TU Dresden are checked.:1 Einführung 2 Grundlagen 3 Moderne Überwachungsarten Bahnübergänge 4 Moderne Überwachungsarten auf ETCS-Strecken 5 Entwicklung der Standardschnittstelle SCI-LX 6 Erprobung im SIL 7 Ergebnisse und Diskussion 8 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick

A field survey for the invertebrate fauna conducted in the Ma River, Thanh Hoa province in 2013. The research applied multivariable analysis performed by the Primer v.6 software, such as CLUSTER, one-way ANOSIM, BEST and DIVERSE. The results showed a list of 138 aquatic invertebrate species. Of these, most were freshwater wide-distributing species coupled with others characterized for brackish and marine waters. The biodiversity status was quite high compared to several other rivers in the North of Vietnam. The list contained many economic-valued species and 2 of these were listed in the Red Data Book of Vietnam. The aquatic invertebrates showed a significant relation to the two different combinations of physiochemical factors for zooplanktons and zoobenthos, respectively. The values of the species number, abundance and Shannon-Weiner index for both of zooplanktons and zoobenthos showed a curved trend from the upper river segments to lower river segments. These figures for zooplanktons peaked in the middle river segments, whereas the numbers for zoobenthos achieved the highest numbers in the estuaries. The species composition of the estuaries differentiated significantly from that of other freshwater habitats. / Năm 2013 đã tiến hành một đợt điều tra khu hệ động vật không xương sống sông Mã, tỉnh Thanh Hóa. Nghiên cứu sử các phân tích đa biến thông qua phần mền Primer v.6, bao gồm: CLUSTER, one-way ANOSIM, BEST và DIVERSE. Kết quả phân tích thu được 138 loài với thành phần loài chủ yếu là những loài nước ngọt thường gặp và phân bố rộng, ngoài ra còn có các loài đặc trưng cho nước lợ và mặn. Trong số các loài thu được, nhiều loài có giá trị kinh tế và 2 loài có tên trong Sách Đỏ Việt Nam. Khu hệ động vật không xương sống sông Mã có quan hệ chặt với hai nhóm chỉ số thủy lý hóa học khác nhau, tương ứng cho động vật nổi và động vật đáy. Giá trị các chỉ số sinh học gồm số lượng loài, mật độ và Shannon-Weiner hồi quy theo đường cong phi tuyến từ thượng lưu tới hạ lưu; đạt giá trị cao nhất tại cửa sông đối với động vật đáy và vùng trung lưu với động vật nổi. Thành phần loài cửa sông khác biệt rõ rệt với thành phần loài các sinh cảnh nước ngọt khác.

Ce mémoire de maîtrise se divise en trois parties : une étude critique, un texte de création et une autoréflexion. Le premier volet, « La stratégie autofictionnelle de Chloé Delaume », s’intéresse à la pratique d’écriture de Delaume au moyen de trois œuvres : l’autofiction « Dans ma maison sous terre » (2009) et les essais « S’écrire mode d’emploi » (2008) et « La règle du Je » (2010). L’écrivaine préconise une autofiction « expérimentale » grâce à laquelle elle provoque des faits et prend le contrôle de son récit. Longtemps écrite par d’autres, l’auteure-narratrice cherche à se réapproprier son identité et à reconstruire son « Moi saccagé ». Le texte se donne à voir comme un espace privilégié au sein duquel Delaume s’éprouve et se transforme à l’aide des mots et du pouvoir qu’ils ont sur le réel. Le deuxième volet, « Rose cochon », est une autofiction mettant en scène une jeune femme de trente ans, Isabelle, qui entreprend de se connaître par l’écriture. Le texte explore les thèmes de la solitude, de l’enfance, de l’amour et témoigne d’un rapport à soi et au monde problématique. « Rose cochon », tel que développé dans le troisième volet, s’inscrit dans la foulée des recherches menées sur Chloé Delaume. L’auteure-narratrice choisit de prendre la parole à travers un récit autofictionnel constitué, comme chez Delaume, d’une tension entre un sentiment tragique et une manière ludique de l’exprimer. Isabelle est un sujet souffrant qui s'allie le langage à la fois pour se cacher et pour se montrer. Ainsi, dans les trois parties du mémoire, nous voyons apparaître une auteure-narratrice à l’identité vacillante qui tente, par la pratique de l’autofiction, de prendre sa place et de transformer son réel.

published_or_final_version / abstract / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning

The birth, flourishing, and decline of Yuan tsa-chu, a form of Chinese musical poetic drama, occurred in the Mongol dynasty of Yuan (1206-1367). Many factors contributed to this phenomenon, not the least of which was the creative genius of the scholar-playwrights, natives of North China and active during the early years of that dynasty. Among the great masters of Yuan drama who contributed to the perfection of this new literary form is Ma Chih-yuan (1250-1322?). His contributions went beyond merely the pioneering of form. He also expanded its thematic scope and exerted a profound influence on later dramatists and poets who cultivated the dramatic and san-ch'u (non-dramatic lyrics) verse types. Unlike the great poets of previous dynasties who were respected and studied, the playwrights of Yuan times were largely ignored by native literary historians until this century because of the traditional contempt for such "frivolous" skills as the writing of plays. We therefore know very little about their personal or creative lives. Fortunately, in the case of Ma Chih-yuan, over one hundred san-ch'u and seven of his plays have survived. Chapter I contains a chronology of his life based on the scanty data available. Some of his non-dramatic songs are also translated and interpreted to provide additional insight into his sentiments, ambitions, and general philosophical outlook. The main body of my dissertation examines and evaluates the extant plays, concentrating on the poetic passages which represent the essence of Yuan drama. Plot, plot origins, and the themes of each play are also explored to supplement the discussions of the language. In Chapter II, Ma's most critically acclaimed work, The Autumnal Palace of Han, is examined in detail. In Chapter III, I discuss Tears on the Blue Gown, the only surviving play which has a female protagonist. In Chapter IV, the similarities and dissimilarities of the three Taoist conversion plays--The Yellow Millet Dream, The Yueh-yang Tower, and Jen Feng Tzu--and their relationship to the Ch'uan-chen sect of Taoism are explored. Chapter V deals with Lightning Smashes the Tablet of Chien-fu, a play about the misfortunes of a scholar and his complaints against an unsympathetic government. In the last chapter, the structurally flawed play Ch'en T'uan Stays Aloof, depicting the life of a Taoist recluse, is examined.

This study traces the development of Tibetan 'treasure' texts and practices in contemporary times via the life-story and scriptural revelations of the Tibetan 'treasure revealer' (gter ston) Kun bzang bde chen gling pa (1928-2006). It examines how his revelations (gter ma) rooted in the historic spirituality of Tibet, continue and adapt into the twenty first century. The study is important in order to understand the ways this Asian religious concept develops and coalesces in North America. With the dramatic advances in communication through digital technology, it examines how gter ma texts and practices reach a modern audience. Also discussed are the implications of centuries old debates surrounding Buddhist lineage, transmission and ‘authenticity’ as well as concepts such as liberty, equality and authority. All of which are culture-specific constructions that differ radically when seen from a variety of perspectives. The main conclusion drawn from this research is that as a Western Vajrayāna ‘tradition’ emerges and intersects with older Tibetan forms, both must attempt to find a middle path between their differing applications and interpretations if they are to avoid drifting into an arena of extensive commercialisation, dilution and distortion.

Loanwords are integrated into Classical Arabic from various languages such as Latin, Greek, Persian, Syriac, Turkish, and others. When such words get borrowed into Arabic, they either get adopted, remaining as they are in the source language, or get adapted by undergoing certain phonological and morphological alterations. Such morphophonological changes would be defined within an adaptability scale which exhibits three different positions. The first position is occupied by merely adopted (MA) loanwords, like khurasān ‘cement’ (Persian), the second position is assigned for partially adapted (PA) loanwords, as shatarandj ‘chess’ (Persian chatrang), and the third position is for the fully adapted (FA) loanwords, like dirham ‘a silver coin’ (Greek dhrakhmi) which is analogical with the C1iC2C3aC4 pattern, as in hidjradj ‘naïve’. Among these various loanwords’ alterations, the most productive ones are the ones in the third position in the adaptability scale and they are the ones that are the most numerous. They are productive due to their conformity with the Arabic morphological patterns in contrast with the other ones. Many studies have been conducted to analyze the morphophonological alterations that loanwords in Arabic undergo, yet there hasn’t been a study conducted to investigate the factors governing the degree of integration or adaptability that loanwords in Arabic undergo. The current study, however, proposes a number of criteria that determine the degree of alteration that loanwords in Classical Arabic go through by analyzing an existing corpus of loanwords in Classical Arabic and comparing between the source language and the Arabic language.

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