Thesis (Ed.D.)--Georgia Southern University, 2005. / "A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Education." In Education Administration, under the direction of Michael D. Richardson. ETD. Electronic version approved: December 2005. Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-144) and appendices.

M.Cur. (Professional Nursing Science: Nursing Management) / The history of nursing focuses almost exclusively on a female-dominated profession, created with the assumption that such a role is inherently natural to women only. Yet, men have worked as nurses since the profession’s infancy, 250 BC, but their contributions seem to be unnoticed and underrepresented. Male nurses ascribe to a minority status within the nursing profession, with only 6.8% currently registered with the South African Nursing Council. Men who enter the nursing profession will fall victim to prejudice, stereotyping, role strain and isolation (often referred to as the islands in nursing). International literature provided significant evidence that men are well served with nursing as a career. It is unclear how South African male professional nurses experience nursing as a career in the light of the deterring factors mentioned previously. The purpose of this qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual study was to explore and describe the experiences of male professional nurses regarding nursing as a career in a private hospital in Johannesburg in order to develop strategies to support them in their career. The target population consisted of male professional nurses working in all disciplines in the private hospital. A purposive sampling technique was used. Data were collected by means of four (4) in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews, five (5) naïve sketches and field notes until data saturation was obtained. Data analysis was done by following Tesch’s open coding strategy (Creswell, 2013:158). The data obtained was incorporated into existing literature during the conceptualisation phase of this study. Trustworthiness of the study was ensured by employing the model promulgated by Denzin & Lincoln (2005:290 – 326), focussing on credibility, transferability, conformability, dependability and authenticity. The principles of ethical considerations, as suggested by Dhai & McQuoid-Mason (2010:14 – 15) pertaining to privacy, confidentiality, anonymity, informed consent and beneficence were applied in this study.

Background  The number of men entering the nursing care profession is still low, which means that nurses are still a minority in nursing care profession. The possible cause for this gender discrepancy is sociocultural perception of society that the nursing care profession is only for women. However, the demand for gender balance in the nursing care profession has increased. And as the result the number of men joining the nursing profession is increasing.  Aim  The purpose of this paper was to describe patients’ experience of nursing care from male nurses.  Method  Nonsystematic literature review that analyzes the results of 16 studies, published 2011- 2021, with qualitative, quantitative as well as mixed method approaches, collected from Public Medline [Pubmed], Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL] and manual search to give answers to the aim of the literature review. The main results of articles were synthesized and analyzed under themes and subthemes.  Results  Most of the patients who participated in all studies have reported that they found the care provided by male nurses to be satisfactory; however, some of the patients had a negative perception of men as nurses. And a large majority of both male and female patients do not prefer male nurses when it comes to intimate care and genital examination.  Conclusions  Patients' experiences of nursing care of male nurses were quite positive. However, most of the patients’ perception and attitude of men as a nurse varied. These attitudes were influenced by socio-cultural perceptions of gender norms. Male nurses were not favored for intimate care either. / Bakgrund Antalet män som gör ingång i vårdyrket är fortfarande lågt, vilket betyder att de är en minoritet i hälso- och sjukvårdsyrket. Ursprunget för de möjliga orsakerna är sociokulturell uppfattning av samhället att vårdyrket bara är för kvinnor. Dock har kravet för könsbalans inom vårdyrket har ökat. Följaktligen har antalet män som gör ingång i vårdyrket ökat.  Syfte  Syftet var att belysa patienters erfarenheter av manliga sjuksköterskors omvårdnad.  Metod  En icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt där 16 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ, kvantitativ samt mixad-metoddesign inkluderades i resultatet. Artiklarna är publicerade mellan 2011 och 2021 hämtade från databaserna Public Medline [PubMed] och Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL]. Även manuell sökning tillämpades för att besvara syftet. Artiklarnas resultat har också analyserats och sammanställts under teman och subteman.  Resultat  De flesta patienterna i samtliga studier har tyckt att vården som ges av manliga sjuksköterskor är tillfredsställande även om några av patienterna hade en negativ uppfattning gentemot män som sjuksköterskor. Det framgick att en stor majoritet av både manliga och kvinnliga patienter inte föredrar manliga sjuksköterskor för intimvård samt genitala undersökningar.  Slutsats  Patienters erfarenheter av omvårdnad från manliga sjuksköterskor var ganska positiva, patienternas syn på män som sjuksköterskor varierade. Patienternas attityd mot vårdyrket påverkades av sociokulturella uppfattningar om könsnormer. Manliga sjuksköterskor var oönskade för intimvård.

As American involvement in Vietnam escalated in the 1960s, the military's need for medical personnel rose as well. A shortage of qualified nurses in the United States coupled with the requirements of providing adequate troops abroad meant increased opportunity for male nurses. To meet the needs of Army personnel, the Army Nurse Corps actively recruited men, a segment of the nursing population that had previously faced daunting restrictions in the Army Nurse Corps (ANC). Amidst mounting tension, the Army Student Nurse Program began accepting men and provided educational funding and support. Additionally, Congress extended commissions in the Regular Army to previously excluded male nurses. Men answered the call and actively took advantage of the new opportunities afforded them by the demands of war. They entered the educational programs and committed to serve their country through the ANC. Once admitted to the corps, a large percentage of male nurses served in Vietnam. Their tours of duty proved invaluable for training in trauma medicine. Further, these men experienced personal and professional growth that they never would have received in the civilian world. They gained confidence in their skills and worked with wounds and diseases seldom seen at home. For many, the opportunities created by the war led to a career in military medicine and meant the chance to seek additional training after nursing school, often specialized training. Relying heavily on oral histories and the archives of the Army Nurse Corps, this study examined the role these nurses played in entrenching men as a vital part of the ANC.

In contemporary American society, the nursing profession is predominantly made up of white women. Currently, males make up only 6.8 percent of the three million nursing professionals in the U.S. and they are considered gender minorities within the nursing profession and within nursing education. As gender minorities, male students are identified as experiencing nursing programs and the practice of nursing differently than their female counterparts. The purpose of this single instrumental, within site case study was to explore the learning environment for male nursing students and to investigate the nature of the interactions between nursing faculty and male undergraduate students in a Pacific Northwest medical university nursing program. Data was collected in the educational setting through observations, participant interviews, and document analysis. In addition, this study used Kanter's theoretical framework of tokenism to uncover if male nursing students were perceived as tokens in the educational environment. The findings showed that the faculty-student interactions were largely positive; they also revealed that having other males in the class was an instrumental factor in their positive perception of their educational experience. However, the male nursing students also identified areas of discomfort in the educational setting, specifically when practicing clinical skills with female peers, feeling pressured to volunteer and to expose skin during in-class demonstrations, and anticipating that they would be excluded from certain clinical situations. This research indicated that gender differences are present within nursing education and contributed to instances of discomfort for male students. Specific barriers occurred most often when men engaged with female peers and were in clinical settings. These findings provide new insight into when and where men begin to experience gender barriers in the educational environment and are pertinent to understanding the educational environment for men in nursing. Recommendations specifically geared towards assisting students in their first term are suggested for nursing faculty and administrators to ensure that the learning environment is welcoming for men. These recommendations include consciously placing males together in cohort groups and in clinical experiences, reducing instances of visibility and pressure on men in the clinical setting, building faculty awareness of perceived and real barriers for men in the educational setting, and providing faculty with tools to assess and address barriers that are present in the classroom environment.

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskeprofessionen är en kvinnodominerad arena och antalet manliga sjuksköterskor är lågt. Detta är ett resultat av samhällets normer och attityder kring genus. Normer kring genus är inget statiskt utan förändras över tid. Andelen manliga sjuksköterskor ökar men det går trögt. Syfte: Syftet men denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka upplevelsen av att vara man inom sjuksköterskeprofessionen. Metod: Litteraturstudien baserades på tio kvalitativa artiklar. Artiklarna analyserades med induktiv ansats.  Analysen resulterade i två huvudkategorier som mynnade ut i fem subkategorier. Huvudkategorierna var frustration och välbefinnande. Resultat: Resultatet visade på att männen upplevde att deras yrkesval blev ifrågasatt av familj, vänner, patienter och kollegor samt att de kände ett utanförskap på arbetsplatsen. De manliga sjuksköterskorna kände sårbarhet och rädsla inför risken att bli falskt anklagade för sexuellt ofredande samt att vara homosexuella. Risken att bli falskt anklagad för sexuellt ofredande berodde på att männens beröring sexualiserades. Männen upplevde en yrkesstolthet då arbetet kändes meningsfullt. Hos de manliga sjuksköterskorna fanns en vilja att göra gott samt att vårda människor. Slutsats: Det behövs mer forskning om genus utifrån ett manligt perspektiv inom sjuksköterskeprofessionen i Sverige för att bättre förstå problematiken kring varför så få män väljer att bli sjuksköterska. Det behövs även fler studier i genus i förhållande till andra faktorer såsom etnicitet, ålder, klass och sexuell läggning för att få en breddare och djupare bild av manliga sjuksköterskors upplevelse av sin arbetsmiljö.

Bakgrund: Yrket sjuksköterska har bland personalen präglats av kvinnodominans och själva yrkestiteln i sig har en feminin ändelse. När män i större utsträckning väljer att utbilda sig till sjuksköterskor så uppstår nya situationer som inte förekommit tidigare när det bara funnits kvinnlig personal att förhålla sig till. Syfte: Att undersöka och beskriva manliga sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av att vårda och bemöta kvinnliga patienter i nära vårdsituationer inom den somatiska vården, samt kvinnliga patienters emotionella erfarenhet av att ha blivit vårdade av manliga sjuksköterskor. Metod: Studien bedrevs som en litteraturstudie med sökningar i databaser för omvårdnadsforskning. Både kvalitativa och kvantitativa granskningsmallar användes vid kvalitetsgranskning. En beprövad innehållsanalysmodell användes till att finna gemensamma teman ur artiklarna som till skulle bli resultatet. Resultat: Studien visade att manliga sjuksköterskor ofta är rädda för att bli anklagade för sexuella olägenheter av kvinnliga patienter. För att undvika missförstånd och tvetydigheter använde manliga sjuksköterskor sig av olika strategier som hjälp till att klara av att utföra intim vård. Intima samtal kunde enligt den manliga sjuksköterskan upplevas som lika intimt som intimberöring. Ur ett patientperspektiv framkom det att yngre kvinnliga patienter önskade att få vård av samma kön, medan äldre kvinnliga patienter inte hade samma preferenser för könet på sjuksköterskan som utförde vården. Beröring av intim karaktär var något som kunde väcka starka känslor hos den kvinnliga patienten. / Background: Nursing has traditionally been predominantly staffed by women and the work title itself has had a female connotation. When men to a larger degree enter nursing, new situations arise which didn’t before when the patients only had female staff to take into consideration. Aim: To investigate and describe the experience of nurses who are male in their care and treatment of women patients in intimate care situations in a hospital setting, as we as the emotional experience of the women clients of having been cared for by nurses who are male. Method: The study was carried out as a literature review through searches in databases containing nursing sciences. Both qualitative and quantitative review templates were used to carry out the quality review. A proven method for content analysis was used to find common themes in the articles, which eventually formed the basis for the result. Result: The study found that male nurses often were afraid of being accused of improprieties by the female patients. In order to avoid misunderstandings, male nurses used different strategies in order to be able to perform intimate care. Conversations of an intimate nature were seen as an equally sensitive matter to the male nurses. From a patient perspective it was discovered that younger female patients preferred to be cared for by nurses of the same gender, while older female patients did not specify the same preference. Intimate touch was something that could evoke strong feelings in the female patient.

This study used three research questions to analyze the barriers male nurses and male nursing students encountered in their nursing education. Further comparison was made between the results of this study and earlier studies using the same survey and recently graduated respondents versus respondents who had been out of nursing school for longer. The findings for this study indicate barriers for male nurses in their nursing program still exist. Nurses are still referred to primarily as "she," there is little to no content on men's contributions to nursing, male nursing students still have difficulty in their Obstetrics clinical rotation, male nurses and nursing students continue to be anxious regarding accusations of sexual inappropriateness when caring for female patients, and male nurses and male nursing students feel like they have to prove themselves because people still expect nurses to be females. Some barriers appear to not be present for most male nurses. The respondents reported feeling accepted by their peers. Respondents were encouraged to strive for leadership roles. People close to the respondents were supportive of their decision to enter nursing. Recommendations for changes in the nursing curriculum were made to help better support men in nursing school. Nursing school administrators can also use the results from this study to help decrease gender-based barriers, which may decrease male nursing students' high attrition rate.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-11-27T11:20:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Kelley de Rezende.pdf: 1546997 bytes, checksum: 7e921fb1d196ce3c0cfef82335d86bea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-27T11:20:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Kelley de Rezende.pdf: 1546997 bytes, checksum: 7e921fb1d196ce3c0cfef82335d86bea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-14 / Introduction: Quality food and in sufficient amounts is a right of the Brazilian citizen and to guarantee this right, the concept of Food and Nutritional Security (FNS) in Brazil is ensured by the Federal Food and Nutritional Security Law – n. 11.346, of September 15, 2006. The realization of how important the understanding of this concept of FNS is for nursing professionals can contribute to the implementation of multidisciplinary actions of health promotion and construction of citizenship. Objective: to understand the view of newly-graduated nurses on aspects related to the FNS concept. Method: This was a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study. Data interpretation was carried out through content analysis, as proposed by Bardin (2009). The project was developed between the years 2017 and 2018. The study participants comprised nurses who had completed academic training in the last three years. The project was approved by REC/ UNIFAL-MG - CAAE nº 69042817400005142 on 08/01/2017. Results: Fifteen nurses participated in the study. The analysis categories according to Bardin (2009), elaborated on the topic were: “fragmented knowledge about food policies/programs”; “Teaching about feeding in the university”; and “feeding in the biomedical context”. Implications for the practice: We consider that evidence indicates that the appropriation of the FNS concept by the nurses can be better structured in the teaching during Nursing Program courses for the better development of food and nutrition actions. Conclusion: We conclude that newly graduated nurses do not recognize the concept of FNS. However, they understand several elements that constitute this concept. We also understand that it is crucial that nurses study the topic, by assimilating the concept of FNS during the graduation course for the effective development of the topic in their professional practice / Introdução: a alimentação de qualidade e em quantidade suficiente é um direito do cidadão brasileiro e, para promover a garantia a esse direito direito o conceito de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) no Brasil é assegurado pela Lei Federal de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (Losan) - nº 11.346, de 15 de setembro de 2006. A constatação do quão importante é a compreensão desse conceito de SAN para os profissionais enfermeiros pode contribuir no estabelecimento de ações multidisciplinares de promoção da saúde e construção da cidadania. Objetivo: compreender a visão dos enfermeiros recém-formados sobre os aspectos relacionados ao conceito de SAN. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório. A interpretação dos dados foi por meio da análise de conteúdo, proposta por Bardin (2009). O projeto foi desenvolvido entre os anos de 2017 e 2018. Tendo como participantes enfermeiros cuja formação acadêmica se completou nos últimos três anos. O projeto foi aprovado pelo CEP/UNIFAL-MG - CAAE n. 69042817400005142 em 01/08/2017. Resultados: participaram do estudo 15 enfermeiros. As categorias de análise, elaboradas sobre o tema, conforme Bardin (2009), foram: “conhecimento fragmentado sobre as políticas/programas voltados para a alimentação”; “ensino sobre alimentação na universidade”; e “alimentação no contexto biomédico”. Implicações para a prática: as evidências apontam que a apropriação do conceito de SAN pelos enfermeiros poderá ser mais bem estruturada no ensino na graduação dos cursos de enfermagem para o melhor desenvolvimento das ações de alimentação e nutrição. Conclusão: constatou-se que os profissionais enfermeiros com formação recente não reconhecem o conceito de SAN. Porém entendem vários elementos que o compõem. Foi possível também compreender com este trabalho que é premente que os enfermeiros se apropriem do tema, assimilando o conceito de SAN já durante a graduação para seu efetivo desenvolvimento em suas práticas profissionais

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Despite outstanding employment opportunities and high demand to address the global nursing shortage, men who consider becoming nurses are less likely to enroll in and to graduate from nursing programs. Many barriers that men commonly encounter during nursing education have been found in the literature; however, there is a lack of theoretically based research that examines factors that help men succeed as they study nursing. Based on a conceptual model derived from O’Lynn’s construct of male friendliness in nursing education and Frankl’s theory of will to meaning and purpose in life, this study examined facilitators for men during nursing education. This was accomplished through the development and psychometric testing of the Survey of Facilitators for Men (SFM) in a sample of 145 men in nursing. Strong evidence of reliability and validity was provided for the SFM consisting of three subscales (Internal facilitators, External Connections facilitators, and Institutional facilitators). Internal facilitators consist of intrapersonal strengths, experiences, and motivators. External Connections facilitators are interpersonal connections that emerge from relationships that men develop. Institutional facilitators involve structural or organizational aspects of institutions that ease barriers. Testing provided satisfactory evidence of internal consistency (α = .85) and test-retest reliability (intraclass coefficient = .72; confidence interval = 0.57–0.83). Dimensionality of three facilitator subscales was supported by Principle Axis Factoring with Varimax rotation and satisfactory factor loadings (.49–.72). Support for the conceptual model was provided using multiple regressions explaining 17% of the variance in purpose in life [F(4, 140) = 6.99, p < .001], 13% of the variance in GPA [F(6, 114) = 2.88, p < .01], and 49% of the variance in perception of nursing success [F(9, 128) = 13.42, p < .001]. Purpose in life was associated with Internal facilitators and comfortable income, GPA was associated with External Connections facilitators and age at BSN, while perception of nursing success was associated with purpose in life, holding an MSN, having a comfortable income, and having children. Future research is warranted to determine the usefulness of the SFM in designing strategies to recruit and retain men in nursing programs.