"The Prism" is a magical-girl-themed fantasy light novel series about four best friends who finally graduated junior high school. Miya, Teresa, Liana, and Destiny are anxious to start their new high school lives (for better or worse) in their rough, monotone, and corrupt urban town of Quaint Village. Their plans are interrupted, however, by the opening of a brand new private school. Then, for the first time ever, all four girls end up in the same program. They're ready to make great memories together and spend much more time with each other. Unbeknownst to them, their new school is nothing like the academically inclined programs they always had. They are no longer students carrying books, homework, and planners, scribbling and speed reading. They become soldiers, traveling subconsciously to another world. Their duty is to help Vita Mundi's Vice Sovereign and her family protect their people from criminals and life-sentence-serving convicts called Umbrans. In only a month, this tight posse goes from being a quartet of normal students in Quaint Village, to lady soldiers fighting and risking themselves for a parallel world. They will train under the mentorship of the Vice Sovereign and her family, steadily growing stronger in body, mind, heart, and spirit as they face harder and more powerful enemies.

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This study, conducted in an English 6 course at a Swedish upper secondary school, employed a unique educational research design by integrating manga adaptations with their typological source texts to explore the pedagogical potential of a comparative approach to teaching classics in line with pupils’ experiences. The investigation focused on three key questions: pupils’ initial attitudes towards literature, the effects of the comparative approach, and its impact on understanding the source text. Data were collected through a series of questionnaires as well as three group interviews before being examined thematically. The findings were then analysed and discussed using the theoretical frameworks of transmedia storytelling, Langer’s theory of envisionment, and affordance. The findings indicate that the pupils initially had negative attitudes towards English literature, viewing it as difficult and unengaging. However, including manga significantly improved their engagement and comprehension, foremost due to its visual elements. The pupils also reported that manga made reading more motivating because of its different modes, compared to the source text. However, the pupils regarded the manga as less effective in promoting vocabulary expansion compared to the source texts, thus highlighting the importance of a balanced approach. Furthermore, the comparative approach, engaging with both versions, allowed the pupils to view the story from multiple perspectives, thereby enriching their understanding and deepening their comprehension. This approach also promoted pupils’ exploration of genres.  Overall, the study suggests that incorporating a manga adaptation alongside its source text can address the diverse needs of pupils, thus making literature more accessible and engaging. This particular comparative approach could promote a multifaceted learning experience by encouraging the inclusion of varied pedagogical materials. Its pedagogical potential lies in its alignment with contemporary pupils’ cognitive patterns, which may contribute to enhancing the teaching of classic literature without excluding the benefits of typological texts.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:32:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao de Jose Aparecido LIma Dourado.pdf: 1724723 bytes, checksum: 1e57253763a099fe6826e5510bf00ac9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-14 / The present dissertation has as objective to understand the occurred transformations in the agriculture of Release of Ours Lady (BA) from the implantation of the Project of Irrigation of the Valley of the River Brumado, in the decade of 1980, and it s unfolding as for the capital relation versus work in the mangoculture. The choice of the clipping space-weather took in consideration the action of the Politics of Irrigation for the Northeast in the local space, when the State search s through the infrastructure availability to modernize the territory and thus to supply the adequate conditions so that the great capital can be territoriality. The territorilization of the great capital in Release of Ours Lady occurs through the agro business centered in the fruit farming irrigated based in the mango production. In this direction, the new space dynamic in the field how much in the city, decurrent of the functionality become in such a way evident that the city assumes as fruit farming producing polar region. The farming s directed toward the production of sorts of first necessity had started to occupy each time little space and, on the other hand, the mangoculture has verified a considerable growth, placing the city as an importer of basic products of the feeding as it is the case of the rice and the beans. The methodology used during the research was correct in the qualitative boarding. In the theoretical referential we argue the concepts of campesinato and work in the context of the implantation of the projects of irrigation in Brazilian Half-Barren, based in the studies on the simulation of the campesinato while product of the different and combined development of the capitalism. Problematic on who is the benefited ones with the actions of the Politics of north-eastern implemented Irrigation half-barren, in order to bring to a bob the contradictions and movements that permeate such actions, whose resulted they have camouflaged for the State to take care of to the demands of the financial capital. In this context we defend the importance to think the citizens that live in Brazilian Half-Barren from its singularity, having for this the necessity to search to appraise this citizen as caatingueiro peasant for recognizing that its way of life, in its different aspects (cultural, social and economic) differs significantly from the called citizens of sertanejos . With the insertion of the agrobusiness of the mango in the city one witnessed deep transformations in the relations of work in the field, as almost the extinguishing of not capitalist relations of production (partnership and would mearia ) to the step that had an intensification of the salaried. The exploration on urban peasants and workers has increased, being that the presence of the contractors cats has contributed for in such a way, finding these busy ones temporarily in activities in the farmings, sheds and packing houses, in its majority without having guaranteed the labor laws, has seen that they work as buoy-cold and day-workers without register in wallet and under precarious conditions of work. / A presente dissertação tem como objetivo compreender as transformações espaciais ocorridas na agricultura de Livramento de Nossa Senhora (BA) a partir da implantação do Projeto de Irrigação do Vale do Rio Brumado, na década de 1980, e seus desdobramentos no que se refere à relação capital versus trabalho no agronegócio da manga. A escolha do recorte espaço-temporal levou em consideração as ações da Política de Irrigação para o Nordeste Semiárido, pela qual o Estado buscou, através da disponibilidade de infraestrutura, modernizar o território e, assim, fornecer as condições adequadas para o capital territorializar-se. A territorilização do capital em Livramento de Nossa Senhora ocorre através do agronegócio fruticultor exportador de manga. Nesse sentido, tornam-se evidentes as novas dinâmicas espaciais tanto no campo quanto na cidade, decorrentes da funcionalidade que o município assume como polo produtor frutícola. As lavouras voltadas para a produção de gêneros de primeira necessidade passaram a ocupar cada vez menos espaço e, em contrapartida, a mangicultura tem tido um crescimento considerável, situação que coloca o município como um importador de produtos básicos da alimentação, como arroz e feijão. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa esteve pautada na abordagem qualitativa, compreendendo diversos instrumentos de coleta de dados, tais como entrevistas, diário de campo, registro fotográfico e relatos orais. No referencial teórico, discuti-se os conceitos de campesinato e trabalho no contexto da implantação dos projetos de irrigação no Nordeste semi-árido, com base nos estudos sobre a recriação do campesinato enquanto produto do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado do capitalismo. Questionou-se quem são os beneficiados com as ações da Política de Irrigação implementada no Nordeste semi-árido, de modo a trazer à tona as contradições e movimentos que permeiam tais ações, cujos resultados têm sido camuflados pelo Estado para atender às demandas do capital financeiro. Nesse contexto, defende-se a importância de pensar os sujeitos que vivem na Caatinga a partir de suas singularidades, havendo, para isso, a necessidade de conceituar esse sujeito como camponês caatingueiro por reconhecer que o seu modo de vida, em seus diferentes aspectos (culturais, sociais e econômicos), difere significativamente dos sujeitos denominados de sertanejos . Com a inserção do agronegócio da manga no município, presenciou-se profundas transformações nas relações de trabalho no campo, como a quase extinção de relações não capitalistas de produção (parceria e meação), ao passo que houve uma intensificação do assalariamento. A exploração de camponeses e trabalhadores que mesmo morando na cidade voltam ao campo para trabalhar tem aumentado, sendo que a presença dos empreiteiros gatos tem contribuído, sobremodo, para que isso ocorra. Estes trabalhadores ocupam-se temporariamente em atividades nas lavouras, galpões e Packing houses, em sua maioria, sem ter garantidos os direitos trabalhistas, haja vista que trabalham como boias-frias e diaristas, sem registro em carteira e sob condições precárias de trabalho.

Ce mémoire se penche sur l’absurde dans les oeuvres de deux mangakas de l’après Deuxième Guerre mondiale, soit Tsuge Yoshiharu（つげ義春） et Sasaki Maki（佐々木マキ）. Cette étude comparative approche l’absurde comme expérience et tente de penser l’écho que le concept a pu ou non avoir chez les auteurs en question. Pour ce faire, une exploration de divers courants underground des années 50 et 60 au Japon (culture kasutori, nouvelle vague japonaise et avant-garde) est menée afin de retracer comment ceux-ci auraient éventuellement influencés les oeuvres des auteurs analysées, elles-mêmes s’inscrivant dans la culture manga underground de l’époque. Cette section sert également de point d’appui afin de réfléchir sur la place que l’absurde aurait pu prendre au sein de la société japonaise, voyant ses fondements basculer à l’aube de la défaite et contrainte à coopérer sous tutelle américaine. C’est dans cette optique que nous proposons une lecture de l’oeuvre culte de Tsuge Yoshiharu, Nejishiki (ねじ式) comme exprimant une nostalgie propre à une « sensibilité absurde », telle que théorisée par Camus, via le motif de la réparation du corps. Parallèlement à ceci, nous nous attarderons à l’oeuvre de Sasaki Maki au coeur de laquelle le nansensu, compris comme interjection ainsi que référence au courant de l’ero-guro-nansensu, s’érige. À la suite de quoi, nous conclurons sur une comparaison entre les deux expressions de l’absurde chez les mangakas étudiés de manière à dégager, également, ce qui différencie le nansensu de l’absurde. / This text focuses on the artwork of two mangakas of the post Second World War, Tsuge Yoshiharu（つげ義春） and Sasaki Maki（佐々木マキ）. This comparative study investigates the absurd through its experimental component and tries to think the resonance that the concept might have had (or not ) among the authors cited. To this effect, we will explore diverse movements of the 50’s and 60’s in Japan (kasutori culture, Japanese new wave and avant-garde) in order to retrace how they might have eventually influenced the works of the mangakas analysed, themselves being part of an underground culture in the manga community of the time. This section also serves as a starting point for reflecting on the place that the absurd had in the Japanese society of that era, the country being recently defeated and obliged to cooperate under the American occupation which will bring profound changes to the society. It’s in the same vein that we propose a reading of Tsuge Yoshiharu’s masterpiece, Nejishiki (ねじ式), as expressing a nostalgia specific to what Camus calls an « absurd sensibility » through the motive of a body in search of repair. Alternatively, we will analyse Sasaki Maki’s work in the heart of which nansensu, thought as an interjection and in reference to the movement of the ero-guro-nansensu, is present. Finally, we will conclude on a comparison between the two expressions of the absurd in Tsuge and Sasaki’s respective work in order, as well, to elucidate what distinguishes nansensu from the absurd.

The dissertation (diploma thesis) with the topic "Comics as the medium of the artistic expression" consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part represents a definition of the comics, its short history and some important terms of the comics terminology. Next this part concerns with specific narrative constructions of the comics medium and also describes functions and cooperation of the visual and verbal components. In the individual charter is shortly described Japanese comics (manga), its characteristic and different aspects against the classic European and American comics. The end of the theoretical part is dedicated to the theory of the artistic expression and its particular elements, which are used in the comics. The practical part comprising the analysis of two classic comics works and one Japanese manga. Namely it is The Crow, The Crow: Skinnig the Wolves and The City of Light. These works were chosen intentionally because of their technical, thematic and cultural aspects, so the analysis can work with the wider scale of the artistic elements. The dissertation tries to defend the opinion, that the comics medium is multifunctional, it can contain full-blown artistic expression and it is able to work with any content. For better specification there are contained some...

No presente trabalho, diferentes condições de pasteurização foram estudadas a fim de desenvolver um purê de manga para pronto consumo, sem adição de açúcares e de conservantes, com estabilidade microbiológica, físico-química e sensorial. A qualidade e a vida de prateleira do purê foram avaliadas por meio de análises físico-químicas, microbiológicas, enzimáticas, reológicas e sensoriais. Na primeira etapa do trabalho, foram estudadas temperaturas de pasteurização entre 65 e 85 °C, em trocador de calor a placas e tubular. Os ensaios mostraram que o trocador tubular foi o mais indicado para a pasteurização do purê de manga. A inativação térmica da peroxidase, uma das enzimas mais termorresistentes encontradas naturalmente em mangas, foi utilizada como parâmetro de pasteurização. Os parâmetros cinéticos para inativação da enzima foram calculados: D77,2 ºC e z iguais a 4,4 s e 14,3 ºC, respectivamente. Na segunda etapa, duas condições de pasteurização, P1 (70ºC/13s) e P2 (75 ºC/13s), foram selecionadas para determinação da vida de prateleira do purê. A pasteurização nestas condições, combinada ao armazenamento refrigerado, foi eficiente para manter a qualidade microbiológica, físico-química e sensorial do purê por 17 semanas. Análises microbiológicas indicaram que os maiores contaminantes do purê cru foram os microrganismos mesófilos e os bolores e leveduras. Com a pasteurização, houve redução significativa destes microrganismos e de coliformes fecais. Todas as características físico-químicas (pH, acidez titulável, teor de sólidos totais, sólidos solúveis, ácido ascórbico e cor) foram influenciadas significativamente pelo tempo de armazenamento. Foi observada diferença significativa do pH a partir da 17ª semana de armazenamento e a perda de ácido ascórbico foi de aproximadamente 45 % após 20 semanas. As medidas reológicas mostraram a natureza pseudoplástica do purê de manga: os valores de n variaram entre 0,27 e 0,29 e os valores de K entre 5,00 e 7,16 Pa.sn. O tempo de armazenamento praticamente não influenciou os parâmetros reológicos dos purês pasteurizados. Na análise sensorial, notas superiores a 6,7 foram obtidas, indicando que o produto teve boa aceitação durante as 17 semanas de armazenamento. O tempo de armazenamento não influenciou significativamente os atributos sensoriais, exceto no purê processado na condição P1. / In this work, different pasteurization conditions were studied in order to develop a ready-to-serve mango purée, with microbiological safety and physical-chemical and sensorial stability. Physical-chemical, microbiological, enzymatic and sensory analyses and rheological measurements were carried out to evaluate quality and shelf life of mango purée. Two types of heat exchanger were used to pasteurize mango purée: a plate heat exchanger and a double pipe heat exchanger. Pasteurization temperatures ranged from 65 to 85ºC. The double pipe exchanger showed to be more suitable for the process, due to characteristics of purée. Thermal inactivation of peroxidase, one of most thermostable enzymes naturally present in mangoes, was used as indicator of pasteurization. Kinetic parameters were calculated: D77.2 ºC = 4.4 s and z = 14.3 ºC. Two pasteurization conditions P1 (70 °C / 13s) and P2 (75 °C / 13s) were selected in order to determine shelf life of mango purée. Pasteurization, combined to refrigerated storage, was effective to maintain microbiological, physical, chemical and sensory quality of purée for 17 weeks. Microbiological analysis showed that the main contaminants of raw purée were mesophilic microorganisms and yeast and moulds. After pasteurization, there was significant reduction of these microorganisms and of thermo-tolerant coliforms. All physical-chemical attributes (pH, titratable acidity, total solids, soluble solids, ascorbic acid and color) were affected significantly by storage time. It was observed significant difference in pH after 17 weeks of storage and ascorbic acid loss was approximately 45 % after 20 weeks. Rheological measurements showed shear thinning nature of mango purée: n values varied from 0.27 to 0.29 and K values from 5.00 to 7.16 Pa.sn. Storage time did not affect significantly rheological parameters of pasteurized purées. Sensory analysis of pasteurized mango purée indicated that the product has good acceptance (scores \'> or =\' 6,7) over 17 weeks of refrigerated storage. Storage time did not affect significantly sensory attributes, except color of P1 mango purée.

Foi feita uma revisão bibliográfia sobre a aplicação da amostragem seqüencial em manejos de pragas. A metodologia para o desenvolvimento de planos de amostragem seqüencial, foi baseada na teoria de Wald. Verificou-se que a distribuição binomial ajustou-se aos dados de presença-ausência da cochonilha-branca Aulacaspis tubercularis na cultura da manga, obtidos em duas propriedades localizadas na região de Jaboticabal, interior do estado de São Paulo. Seis planos de amostragem seqüencial foram elaborados para o monitoramento dessa praga, três com níveis de erros iguais a 0; 20 e outros três com níveis de erros iguais a 0; 10. Dentre esses, foram elaborados: dois planos para a amostragem em ramos durante o período vegetativo, dois para a amostragem em ramos durante o período de frutificação e outros dois planos para a amostragem em frutos. Nos planos de amostragem seqüencial para ramos no período vegetativo foram utilizados níveis de segurança iguais a 0; 35 e níveis de dano econômico iguais a 0; 50. Já no período de frutificação, houve um rigor maior quanto ao uso desses níveis, devido à presença de frutos. Foram utilizados níveis de segurança iguais a 0; 20 para ramos e 0; 05 para frutos, e níveis de dano econômico iguais a 0; 30 e 0; 15 para ramos e frutos, respectivamente. Foram construídas tabelas para o processo de amostragem em campo, facilitando assim, o trabalho do amostrador. Com o uso dessas tabelas o produtor poderá decidir rapidamente se há, ou não, a necessidade de se realizar o controle dessa praga. / A bibliographical revision on the application of the sequential sampling in management of pests was made. The methodology for the development of plans of sequential sampling, was based on the theory of Wald. It was verified that the binomial distribution adjusted to data of presence-absence of the mango scale Aulacaspis tubercularis on mango crop, gotten in two properties located at the region of Jaboticabal, interior of the state of São Paulo. Six plans of sequential sampling was elaborated for the monitoring of this pest, three with errors levels equal to 0; 20 and others three with errors levels equals to 0; 10. Amongst these, they was elaborated: two plans for the sampling in branches during the vegetative period, two for the sampling in branches during the period of fructification and others two plans for the sampling in fruits. In the plans of sequential sampling for branches in the vegetative period security level equal to 0; 35 and economic damage level equal to 0; 50 had been used. Already in longer period of fructification, had a bigger severity how much to the use of these levels, due to presence of fruits. Security levels equals to 0; 20 for branches and 0; 05 for fruits, and economic damage levels equals to 0; 30 and 0; 15 for branches and fruits, respectively, had been used. Tables for the sampling process in field, thus facilitating, the sampler's work was constructed. With the use of these tables the producer will be able to decide quickly has itself, or not, the necessity of if carrying through the control from this pest.

O Brasil é um dos principais países produtores de abacate. A competitividade do país no comércio internacional desta fruta demanda a minimização de danos pós-colheita, especialmente os causados pela antracnose. Este trabalho objetivou: (i) identificar e quantificar os danos pós-colheita em abacates Fuerte e Hass; (ii) identificar e caracterizar isolados de Colletotrichum do abacateiro, comparando-os com isolados de outras frutíferas; (iii) avaliar o efeito de temperatura e período de molhamento sobre a germinação de conídios e formação de apressórios, bem como, sobre a infecção e colonização de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides em abacates; (iv) avaliar o efeito de fungicidas e sanitizantes no controle da antracnose do abacateiro em pós-colheita. As incidências da antracnose e de outros danos póscolheita foram avaliadas periodicamente em abacates amostrados em três etapas do beneficiamento em packinghouse e revelaram que a antracnose foi a principal doença póscolheita, com incidências média de 45,7% para o abacate Fuerte e 68,7% para Hass. Identificação, caracterização e análise comparativa foram realizadas para 93 isolados obtidos de abacate, manga, maracujá e pêssego, por meio do aspecto da colônia e taxa de crescimento em diferentes temperaturas, formato e dimensões dos conídios, análise molecular (PCR com oligonucleotídeos espécie-específicos e análise de sequências de nucleotídeos das regiões ITS e -tubulina), patogenicidade e atividade enzimática (amilase, catalase, celulase, lacase, lípase, pectinase e proteinase). Todos os isolados de abacate e manga, e alguns isolados de pêssego e maracujá foram identificados como C. gloeosporioides. As espécies C. acutatum e C. boninense foram detectadas em pêssego e maracujá, respectivamente. A análise filogenética associada a algumas características morfo-culturais permitiu a separação das espécies e revelou diferenças intra-específicas entre os isolados de C. gloeosporioides, de acordo com o hospedeiro de origem. Os isolados de manga compuseram um grupo distinto dentro da espécie. Entretanto, independente do hospedeiro de origem, as três espécies de Colletotrichum promoveram infecções cruzadas nos quatro hospedeiros avaliados, indicando a ausência de especificidade patogênica. Para todas as características avaliadas houve alta variabilidade entre os isolados. Germinação de esporos e formação de apressórios de C. gloeosporioides sobre abacates Fuerte incubados a 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 e 40ºC com período de molhamento de 3, 6, 12, 24h revelou que o fungo pode explorar ampla faixa de temperatura, germinando e formando apressórios entre 10 e 35ºC, com temperatura ótima de 23,4ºC e 24,0ºC, respectivamente. Aumento no período de molhamento promoveu maiores percentagens de esporos germinados e formação de apressórios. Os efeitos da temperatura (10, 15, 20, 25, 30ºC) e períodos de molhamento (6, 12, 24h) na infecção e colonização por esta espécie foram avaliados em frutos de Hass e Fuerte, inoculados com ferimento. Exceto a 10ºC, houve manifestação de sintomas em todas as temperaturas, com maiores lesões e taxas de progresso da doença a 30ºC. Para controle das doenças testou-se tratamento dos frutos por imersão em calda contendo azoxistrobina, cloreto de benzalcônio, dióxido de cloro, Ecolife®, hipoclorito de sódio, imazalil, procloraz e tiabendazol. Dentre esses, procloraz e imazalil foram os mais eficientes. / Brazil is one of the most important avocado producers in the world. However, to compete in the international avocado business it is necessary reduction of post-harvest damages, especially those caused by anthracnose. This work had the following objectives: (i) to identify and to quantify post-harvest damages in Fuerte and Hass avocados; (ii) to identify and to characterize the avocado isolates of Colletotrichum, comparing them with other fruit isolates; (iii) to evaluate the effect of temperature and wetness period in the conidia germination and appressoria formation, as well as in the infection and colonization of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in avocado; (iv) to evaluate the post-harvest control of anthracnose in avocado using fungicides and sanitizers. Both the anthracnose incidence and other post-harvest damages were evaluated periodically using avocado samples collected at three steps in the packinghouse. It was revealed that anthracnose was the major factor of post-harvest damages, with average incidence of 45.7% in Fuerte and 68.7% in Hass. Identification, characterization and comparative analyses were performed with 93 isolates from avocado, mango, passion fruit and peach according to the colony aspect and growth rate in different temperatures, conidia shape and size, molecular analyses (species-specific PCR and sequencing of ITS and -tubulin genes), pathogenicity and enzymatic activity (amylase, catalase, cellulase, laccase, lipase, pectinase and proteinase). All of the avocado and mango isolates and some isolates from peach and passion fruit were identified as C. gloeosporioides. The species C. acutatum and C. boninense also were indentified in peach and passion fruit, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses performed with some morphological data allowed species differentiation and revealed intra-specific differences between C. gloeosporioies according to the original host. Mango isolates were grouped together into the C. gloesporioides clade. However, independently of the original host, these three Colletotrichum species showed to cross-infect the four evaluated hosts, suggesting lack of pathogenical specificity. There was high variability for all evaluated characteristic. For C. gloeosporioides, spores germination and appressoria formation on the surface of Fuerte avocado incubated under 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ºC and wetness periods of 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours showed that this fungus could explore a wide range of temperature. Germination and appressoria formation were observed between 10 and 35 ºC, with optimal temperatures of 23.4 and 24.0 ºC, respectively. Both the germination and appressoria formation were higher with the increase in the wetness period. The effect of temperature (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 ºC) and the wetness period (6, 12, 24h) were evaluated on the infection and colonization of C. gloeosporioides in Fuerte and Hass avocado, which were wound-inoculated. Except at 10 ºC, all tested temperatures led to symptoms expression. The highest disease progress rate and lesion diameter were verified at 30 ºC. Fruit immersion on fungicides solution was tested to control post-harvest diseases using azoxystrobin, benzalkonium chloride, chlorine dioxide, Ecolife, sodium hypochloride, imazalil, procloraz and thiabendazol. Among these fungicides, prochloraz and imazalil were the most efficient in controlling post-harvest diseases in avocado.