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Background.The rapid expansion of open-source software has introduced significant security challenges, particularly concerning supply chain attacks. Software supply chain attacks, such as the NotPetya attack, have underscored the critical need for robust security measures. Managing dependencies and protecting against such attacks have become important, leading to the emergence of Software Bill of Materials (SBOMs) as a crucial tool. SBOMs offer a comprehensive inventory of software components, aiding in identifying vulnerabilities and ensuring software integrity. Objectives. Investigate the information contained within SBOMs in Python and Gorepositories on GitHub. Analyze the evolution of SBOM fields over time to understand how software dependencies change. Examine the impact of the US Executive Order of May 2021 on the quality of SBOMs across software projects. Conduct dynamic vulnerability scans in repositories with SBOMs, focusing on identifying types and trends of vulnerabilities. Methods. The study employs archival research and quasi-experimentation, leveraging data from GitHub repositories. This approach facilitates a comprehensive analysis of SBOM contents, their evolution, and the impact of policy changes and security measures on software vulnerability trends. Results. The study reveals that SBOMs are becoming more complex as projects grow, with Python projects generally having more components than Go projects. Both ecosystems saw reductions in vulnerabilities in later versions. The US Executive Order of 2021 positively impacted SBOM quality, with measures like structural elements and NTIA guidelines showing significant improvements post-intervention. Integrating security scans with SBOMs helped identify a wide range of vulnerabilities. Projects varied in critical vulnerabilities, highlighting the need for tailored security strategies. CVSS scores and CWE IDs provided insights into vulnerability severity and types. Conclusions. The thesis highlights the crucial role of SBOMs in improving software security practices in open-source projects. It shows that policy interventions like the US Executive Order and security scans can significantly enhance SBOM quality, leading to better vulnerability management and detection strategies. The findings contribute to the development of robust dependency management and vulnerability detection methodologies in open-source software projects.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

À l’aube du XXe siècle, en Chine, un groupe d’intellectuels et d’auteurs se retrouve à la source d’un nouveau mouvement culturel et politique. Les sinologues les appellent les « auteurs du 4-Mai ». Ils ont pour objectif de transformer la Chine, de mettre en place une forme de modernité à l’aide de la littérature. Du rejet de la tradition confucéenne jusqu’à la diffusion des idées du communisme, ils semblent être au cœur de toutes les transformations socio-politiques qu’a connues le pays. L’époque du 4-Mai est un moment charnière dans l’histoire de la Chine. Située juste après la chute du dernier empereur Qing et juste avant la victoire du Parti Communiste Chinois, c’est une époque où la société chinoise a connu une réorganisation. Les intellectuels de cette époque ne font pas exception, une nouvelle configuration se met en place. C’est à l’aide de la sociologie de Norbert Elias que je tenterai de comprendre quelle est la configuration qui permet le développement conjoint, dans une relation d’interdépendance, de la littérature et de la politique. Une nouvelle configuration qui se construit avec les intellectuels du 4-Mai, est différente de celle que formaient les mandarins confucéens de l’époque impériale. Les divers éléments qui permettent aux auteurs du 4-Mai de passer d’une configuration à l’autre (nouveaux thèmes dans la littérature, façons d’être moderne, engagement politique) sont aussi les éléments qui influencent le monde politique, démontrant l’interdépendance des deux sphères. / At the dawn of the twentieth century, in China, a group of intellectuals and writers find themselves at the beginning of a new cultural and politic movement. Sinologists call them the “May-Fourth writers”. They have for goal to transform China, implement a form of modernity in using literature. From the rejection of Confucian tradition to the promotion of the Communist ideas, they seem to be in the middle of every social and political transformation that the country has experienced. The May Fourth era is a turning point in the history of China. It begins just after the fall of the last Qing emperor and ends just before the victory of the Chinese Communist Party, it is a time where the Chinese society was reorganized. The intellectuals were no exception, a new configuration is under construction. It is with the sociology of Norbert Elias that I will try to understand which configuration allow the development of both literature and politics in an interdependent relationship. The new configuration that characterizes the May Fourth writers is different than the one that characterize the Confucian mandarins of the Imperial age. The various elements who allow the May Fourth writers to pass to a configuration to another (new themes in literature, a way to be modern, political commitment) are also the elements that influence the political world, showing the interdependence between them.

This thesis examines the treatment of Native American and Jewish American characters in four of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s short stories: “Bernice Bobs Her Hair” (1920), “The Passionate Eskimo” (1935), “May Day” (1930), and “The Hotel Child” (1931). Little critical attention has been given to these stories even though they illustrate Fitzgerald’s awareness of the negative ramifications of culturally destructive views and an exploration of new culturally pluralistic ideas. In these stories, Fitzgerald undermines common ethnic stereotypes and demonstrates tension between the intolerance of the American public and the fear of immigrant influence. Fitzgerald is able to re-image the representation of members of these groups and show the evolution of his views on ethnicity and culture. In conclusion, this thesis argues that these stories reveal Fitzgerald’s interest in supporting some level of cultural pluralism and his need to tolerate, if not accept, the differences in the beliefs and cultures in America.

The present master's thesis deals with an introduction of Sophia H. Chen Zen (Chen Hengzhe), the first female professor at Beijing University, who in her life and work represents the generation of May Fourth intellectuals, who were educated in traditional scholarship, but who also recieved modern western education. Western scholarship filled these intellectuals with enthusiasm and they were eagerly introducing it into China. Chen Hengzhe grew up in a traditional scholar family, and since her childhood she longed for education. This desire was fulfilled by winning one of the first Boxer Indemnity Scholarship opened for women. She spent six years on her studies in the United States, where she met some of the leaders of the New Culture Movement (merging with the May Fourth Movement) like Hu Shi, or her future husband Ren Hongjun. Chen Hengzhe is also remembered as a writer of the first baihua-written story, in the early beginning of chinese literary movement. But the main field of Chen Hengzhe was history. Using her knowledge and teaching experience, she wrote one of the first histories of the west in China. Exactly in the analysis of her historical writing lies the center of our thesis. The biggest part concerns with Chen Hengzhe's history textbook and its historical and cultural context of early...

The diploma thesis deals with everyday life of the people at Mirovicko during years 1938 - 1945 with aim to a cover end of the Second World War. It is divided in three main parts. The beginning section describes work methodology and choice of sources. The following section covers period of the protectorate at Mirovicko. In these chapters there are described chronologically the chosen changes and new things in different spheres of the human lives that affected residents of Mirovicko in an each war years. The thesis regards the culture, political, resistance, federal and school life. The last part is dedicated to end of Second World War at Mirovicko. Also there are described all war events during the May revolutionary days in Mirovice. The end of this chapter mentions some of the war years consequences and outlines development of the situation after 13. May 1945 in Mirovice. Keywords: Mirovice- Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia- Occupation politics - Second World War- May 1945

The proposed diploma thesis "The Third Republic in Podebrady" focuses on town Podebrady during years 1945-1948. The work provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of events at the end of the WWII. It also describes the period of liberation and the arrival of Red Army and Allied troops. Furthermore, the thesis investigates various events, that took place in Podebrady in the time of so-called Third Republic. The establishment of Municipal and District National Comitte is explored as well as their activities. Besides that, the work deals with actions of the National Security Corps (SNB) and with the development in schools and in industry in Podebrady, especially with the process of nationalization in glass and spa industries.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francilene Gomes Fernandes.pdf: 1262922 bytes, checksum: 913dcc8e53e644445e5e25fbc167ef55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-21 / This work is the product of an investigation into the crimes that occurred in May 2006 in Sao Paulo. Following the values and assumptions of the Ethics Code of Social and ethical-political project of Social Work, Our research is guided by the uncompromising defense of human rights, freedom and social justice and a theoretical-critical and historical perspective. Started since graduation in Social Work (2004-2007), this research has involved the peculiarity of the author as a researcher and human rights activist, in that his brother - Paul Alexandre Gomes - was the victim of enforced disappearance during May 2006, after police approach, followed by arrest. In this dissertation, violence is treated historically as an expression of barbarism underway in the context of contemporary neoliberal capitalism, as control and domination by the state and the police in dealing with social issues and as a form of extremely serious human rights violations that took place in full observance of the rules of the democratic state of law and of Brazilian society / Esse trabalho é produto de uma investigação sobre os Crimes de Maio de 2006 ocorridos em São Paulo. Seguindo os valores e os pressupostos do Código de Ética dos Assistentes sociais e do projeto ético-político do Serviço Social, nossa pesquisa se orienta pela defesa intransigente dos direitos humanos, da liberdade e da justiça social e por uma perspectiva teórico-crítica e histórica. Iniciada desde a graduação em Serviço Social (2004-2007), essa investigação tem a peculiaridade de envolver a autora enquanto pesquisadora e militante de direitos humanos, na medida em que seu irmão - Paulo Alexandre Gomes - foi vítima de desaparecimento forçado, durante maio de 2006, após abordagem policial, seguida de detenção. Nessa dissertação, a violência é tratada historicamente, como uma expressão da barbárie em curso no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo neoliberal, como forma de controle e de dominação por parte do Estado e da polícia no enfrentamento da questão social e como uma forma gravíssima de violação de direitos humanos, ocorrida em plena vigência do regime do Estado democrático e de direito da sociedade brasileira

In “Translating Revolution in Twentieth-Century China and France,” I examine how the two countries translated each other’s revolutions during critical moments of political and cultural crisis (the 1911 Revolution, the May Fourth Movement (1919), the Cultural Revolution (1966-76), and May 1968 in France), and subsequently (or simultaneously), how that knowledge was mobilized in practice and shaped the historical contexts in which it was produced. Drawing upon a broad range of discourses including political journals, travel narratives, films and novels in French, English and Chinese, I argue that translation served as a key site of knowledge production, shaping the formulation of various political and cultural projects from constructing a Chinese national identity to articulating women’s rights to thinking about radical emancipation in an era of decolonization. While there have been isolated studies on the influence of the French Revolution in early twentieth-century China, and the impact of the Chinese Cultural Revolution on the development of French Maoism and French theory in the sixties, there have been few studies that examine the circulation of revolutionary ideas and practices across multiple historical moments and cultural contexts. In addition, the tendency of much current scholarship to focus exclusively on the texts of prominent French or Chinese intellectuals overlooks the vital role played by translation, and by non-elite thinkers, writers, students and migrant workers in the cross-fertilization of revolutionary discourses and practices. Given that potential solutions to social and political problems associated with modernity were debated through the recurring circulation of translations (and retranslations) of ideas such as “democracy”, “natural rights,” “women’s rights,” and so on, I examine: who was translating whom, and for what purposes? What specific concepts and values are privileged, and why? Taking translation and translingual contact as my point of departure, I illuminate how French and Chinese intermediaries envisioned and attempted to create a just society under fraught historical conditions.