Nas últimas décadas o grande número de vítimas de acidentes de trânsito, violência urbana, traumas pela prática desportiva, acidentes de trabalho e do próprio erro profissional aumentou a preocupação com os aspectos periciais, seja no âmbito criminal ou sede civil, em razão das sequelas oriundas desses ferimentos e traumas, incluída nessa perspectiva a região maxilofacial. Nesse sentido, este estudo objetivou traduzir e adaptar culturalmente as questões constantes no instrumento espanhol de Análise da Impressão do Impacto do Prejuízo Estético (AIPE) proposto por Cobo Plana (2010) para ser utilizado no Brasil, e validar esse instrumento junto a cirurgiões-dentistas da área de Odontologia Legal. Após o processo de tradução e adaptação cultural, foram simuladas com maquiagem lesões cicatriciais na região maxilofacial de dois modelos, um masculino e outro feminino. Selecionaram-se cirurgiões-dentistas em formação na Especialidade de Odontologia Legal para serem avaliadores. Esses aplicaram o método constituído de quatro quadros numa sequência de dez imagens randomizadas que mostraram modelos sem lesão e com lesões (cicatrizes) na face. A validação do instrumento foi verificada através da medida da confiabilidade dos observadores, através do Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse, mostrando-se no geral satisfatória para uma e excelente para outras duas lesões, dentre as três repetidas. No que versa sobre o erro interexaminador, a análise descritiva dos resultados mostrou um coeficiente de variação dos escores em 40,12% ao considerarmos todos os coeficientes, o que mostra uma relativa homogeneidade dos escores. Os quatro quadros traduzidos e adaptados culturalmente para língua portuguesa mostraram-se com potencial de oferecer maior objetividade na valoração do dano estético. / In the last decades, the elevated number of victims of traffic accidents, urban violence, sports-related trauma, occupational injuries, and professional-related errors increased the concern with the expert aspect, whether in the criminal or civil context, because of the sequelae associated with these injuries and trauma, also to the maxillofacial region. In this sense, this study aimed to translate into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapt for use in Brazil the Spanish instrument called Analysis of Aesthetic Damage Impression and Impact (AIPE) proposed by Cobo Plana (2010), and to validate the instrument among dentists working in forensic dentistry. After translation and cultural adaptation, fake scars (moulage) were placed on the maxillofacial region of two models, a male and a female. Dentists specializing in forensic dentistry were selected to make the assessments. These students used the instrument, which consists of four tables, on a sequence of ten randomized images, showing models with and without facial scars. The intraclass correlation coefficient measured observer reliability to verify instrument validity. In general the method was satisfactory for one scar and excellent for two scars of the three repeated scars. Regarding intertester error, descriptive analysis of the results showed a variation coefficient of the scores of 40.12% when all the coefficients were considered, demonstrating that the scores were relatively homogeneous. The four tables translated into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted for Brazil have the potential to increase the objectivity of aesthetic damage assessment.

Este trabalho propõe uma metodologia de projeto para fabricação ou Design Methodology for Manufacturing (DFM) utilizando a Programação Geométrica (PG) e os métodos tipo Newton para resolver problemas de otimização não-linear, os quais definem e assistem o projeto de circuitos analógicos. Depois, essa metodologia é aplicada e validada através do projeto de uma fonte de referência. Nos últimos anos, a tendência do aumento na densidade de transistores previsto pela lei de Moore tornou o problema do projeto dos circuitos dimensionalmente mais complexo. Além disso, uma maior densidade de transistores implica na diminuição das dimensões características do processo tornando-o mais sensível às variações de processo e as condições ambientais. As diferenças apresentadas entre o circuito projetado e aquele testado dão evidências de perdas de rendimento, as quais são atribuídas numa grande proporção ao processo de projeto. Devido à grande responsabilidade que o projetista tem neste problema, o projeto analógico deve ser focado para novas abordagens que levem em conta o desempenho e o rendimento conjuntamente. Em primeiro lugar, a metodologia proposta obtém um ponto inicial com um conjunto de especificações de desempenho adequadas, o qual vai ser usado na análise do impacto que tem o mismatch e as variações de processo sobre as especificações. Uma vez que o comportamento estatístico e determinístico do circuito foi caracterizado, uma nova estratégia de melhoria de rendimento foi implementada usando PG. A intenção de obter um projeto com um conjunto de especificações de bom desempenho envolve diretamente o rendimento do circuito, pois um conjunto de especificações ótimo obtido através da estrutura típica da PG não garante a obtenção de um projeto comercial e competitivo. Assim, este trabalho estabelece um método de projeto que combina a facilidade na obtenção do ótimo global da Programação Geométrica com uma nova análise de mismatch e de pior caso a qual permitiu uma redução nos tempos de computação mantendo semelhantes os valores de desempenho nominais. Usando a metodologia de projeto para fabricação proposta neste trabalho foi obtido um projeto de uma fonte de referência com um rendimento maior que 37% comparado com uma estratégia de projeto típica, sem nenhuma penalização significativa nas especificações de desempenho. / This work proposed a Design Methodology for Manufacturing (DFM) using Geometric Programming (GP) and Newton-like methods to solve non-linear optimization problems, which define and aid the design of analog circuits. Afterwards, this methodology is applied and validated through the design of a voltage reference circuit. Over the last years, the tendency of the increasing on the transistor density predicted by the Moore Law has turned the circuit design problem dimensionally more complex. Additionally, a higher transistor density implies shrinkage on the feature dimensions of the process making it more sensitive to the process variations and environmental conditions. The differences between the designed circuit and the tested one give an evidence of yield losses, which are attributed in a great proportion to the design process. Due to the high responsibility of the designer on this problem, the analog design must be focused on new approaches that jointly manage performance and yield. In first place, the proposed methodology obtain a initial point with a suitable set of performance specifications, which will be used to analyze the impact of the mismatch and process variation over the design specifications. Once the statistical and deterministic behavior of the circuit was characterized, a new yield improvement strategy is implemented using Geometric Programming. Attempting to obtain a design with a set of high performance specifications directly involves the circuit yield, because an optimal performance set obtained by the traditional framework of GP does not assure the obtaining of a marketable and competitive design. So, this works establish a design method that combine the advantage of obtaining global optimum in Geometric Programming with a new mismatch and worst-case analysis that enabled a reduction in their computation time and maintain the initial nominal performance values. Using the design methodology for manufacturing proposed in this work, a voltage reference design with 37% better yield than one obtained with a typical design strategy without any significant penalty on their performance specs was achieved.

Abstract—Background: Software Process Improvement (SPI) maturity models have been developed to assist organizations to enhance software quality. Agile methodologies are used to ensure productivity and quality of a software product. Amongst others they are applied in Small and Medium – sized Enterprises (SMEs). However, little is known about the combination of Agile methodologies and SPI maturity models regarding SMEs and the results that could emerge, as all the current SPI models are addressed to larger organizations and all these improvement models are difficult to be used by Small and Medium – sized firms. Combinations of these methodologies could lead to improvement in the quality of the software products, better project management methodologies and organized software development framework. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the main Agile methodologies and SPI maturity models applied in SMEs, the combinations of these methodologies, and the results that could emerge. Through these combinations, new software development frameworks are proposed. What is more, the results of this study can be used as a guide with the appropriate combination for each SME, as a better project management methodology or as improvement in the current software engineering practices. Methods: A Systematic Literature Review was conducted, resulting in 71 selected relevant papers ranging from 2001 to 2013. Besides, a survey has been performed from June 2013 to October 2013, including 49 participants. Results: Seven Agile methodologies and six different SPI maturity models were identified and discussed. Furthermore, the combination of eight different Agile methodologies and Software Process Improvement maturity models is presented, and as well as their benefits and drawbacks that could emerge in Small and Medium – sized firms. Conclusion: The majority of the Agile methodologies and SPI maturity models are addressed to large or very large enterprises. Thus, little research has been conducted for SMEs. The combinations of the Agile methodologies and SPI maturity models are usually performed in experimental stages. However, it has been observed that such type of combination could present numerous benefits, which can also be applicable in SMEs as well. The combinations that are most common are the CMMI and XP, CMMI and Scrum, CMMI and Six Sigma, and the PRINCE2 and DSDM. / 0034-636835645

Cette thèse présente une approche multicompartimentée en métabolomique appliquée au diagnostic des tumeurs indéterminées de la thyroïde et à la caractérisation de l’effet du fructo-oligosaccharide sous condition de régime hyperlipidique chez la souris. L’objectif était de montrer qu’une telle approche permettrait de visualiser de façon plus globale des modulations du métabolisme induites, et par conséquent, d’améliorer la pertinence des marqueurs discriminants identifiés. Dans le cas de l'analyse nutritionnelle, l’analyse mono-compartimentée des différentes organes/segments intestinaux des souris ont permis de mettre en évidence les voies métaboliques affectées par le régime hyperlipidique mais pas d’observer un effet significatif du prébiotique FOS. Dans le cas du cancer de la thyroïde, l’étude multicompartimentée n’a pas pu être mise en place dans de bonnes conditions (problème de prélèvement d’échantillons). Cependant, l’analyse métabolomique monocompartimentée basée sur l’analyse HR-MAS des ponctions prélevées à l’aiguille fine a mené à une discrimination significative entre les lésions bénignes et malignes avec une prédictivité similaire aux tests moléculaires actuellement disponibles. En parallèle, nous avons exploré la technique HR-MAS à rotation lente dans le but de préserver l’intégrité des tissus au cours des expériences. L’utilisation de cette technique s’accompagne d’un certain nombre d’inconvénients que nous avons contournés en utilisant des séquences RMN particulières, et en mettant en place un protocole robuste de préparation d’échantillons. Enfin, nous avons évalué le filtre T1ρ et son application en métabolomique comme alternative au filtre T2. / This thesis presents a multicompartmental metabolomics approach applied to the diagnosis of indeterminate thyroid tumours and to the characterization of the effect of fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), a prebiotic, under high fat diet condition in a mouse model. The aim of this project is to show that such approach could lead to a more global visualization of the induced metabolic modulations, and therefore, improve the identified discriminant markers relevance. Regarding the diet study, the mono-compartmental analysis of the different mouse organs/intestine segments enabled us to identify metabolic pathways affected by the high fat diet whereas the effect of FOS could only be characterized for the feces samples collected at day 28. Regarding the thyroid cancer study, the multi-compartmental approach could not have been continued due to sample handling issues. However, the classical metabolomics analysis of the fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) from patients with benign or malignant tumours led to a clear discrimination between both groups with a predictivity similar to that of commercial diagnosis tests. In the meantime, we explored the slow-spinning NMR HR-MAS technique in order to preserve the integrity of the tissues during the experiments. The use of this technique is accompanied by a number of drawbacks that we have avoided using special NMR sequences, and putting in place a robust protocol for sample preparation. Finally, we evaluated the T1ρ filter and its applications to metabolomics as an alternative to T2 filter.

No description available.

This thesis deals with the issue of Linked Open Data. The goal of this thesis is to introduce the reader to this issue as a whole and to the possibility of using Linked Open Data for developing useful applications by proposing a new development process focusing on such applications. The theoretical part offers an insight into the issue of Open Data, Linked Open Data and the NoSQL database systems and their usability in this field. It focuses mainly on graph database systems and compares them with relational database systems using predefined criteria. Additionally, the goal of this thesis is to develop an application using the proposed development process, which provides a tool for data presentation and statistical visualisation for open data sets published by the Supreme Audit Office and the Czech Trade Inspection. The application is mainly developed for the purpose of verifying the proposed development process and to demonstrate the connectivity of open data published by two different organizations.The thesis includes the process of selecting a development methodology, which is then used for optimising work on the implementation of the resulting application and the process of selecting a graph database system, that is used to store and modify open data for the purposes of the application.

Competition in the market for small software companies is high and given the current global economic crisis, it is important for these companies to gain competitive advantage in the market. One of the weaknesses of the studied company is insufficiently described processes and thus possible areas of the process which are not properly or sufficiently supported by current IS infrastructure. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the process of project-based company that uses agile methodologies for software development and based on the results of process analysis to assess the current state of IT support processes with regard to the strategic objectives of the company to design the new IS infrastructure. To perform the process analysis, I used the Methodology for Modeling and Analysis of Business Process (MMABP). Subsequently, the processes identified in the analysis process were analysed from the perspective of the strategic objectives of the company and also in terms of their support in the current IS infrastructure. Based on these analyses, were identified areas of the processes that have poor or no support, at all. In the epilogue, I proposed modification of the existing infrastructure IS, where all the process will have the appropriate information support. The biggest changes were in support of business processes, where a new CRM system was proposed and a new intranet portal was introduced, which should cover the first phase of particularly poor information support of the current processes in the field of human resources management.

The objective of this study was to answer the following question: Do organizations that were defined as having successfully adopted the transnational model, as per Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989), and labeled as transnational companies (TNC), perform significantly better than other multinational companies (MNC) when going through radical transformation processes? This research question was answered through a mixed method research design. The first part used a quantitative research approach and evaluated the financial performance of TNCs selected from the Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989) research, using secondary data sources from 6 TNCs and 20 MNCs. The second part used a qualitative approach based on empirical research to answer the question, ""What is happening now, 25 years later?,"" through in-depth interviews. Qualitative data was analyzed to discuss the contribution of the characteristics of TNCs to the performance of these organizations and their capacity to successfully go through radical transformation processes. The term, transnational, as a type of MNC that was introduced by Bartlett and Ghoshal (1988) and expanded by Zanfei (2000), served as the theoretical basis for this study. TNCs have differentiated characteristics, such as an integrated network structure, where complex coordination and knowledge-sharing processes are in place; resources and capabilities are distributed among different sites; and information, technology, and resources flow among interdependent units. This research contributes to bringing the discussion of TNCs back to the forefront of international business strategy research by assessing the applicability of certain elements of the ""transnational solution"" (Bartlett & Ghoshal, 1998) as an evolutionary next step for MNCs that seek long-term sustainable grow. Several directions are suggested for future research, including mapping performance variations over a longer period of time in combination with strategic content analysis; studying the consistency in share price and revenue performance among TNCs as a differentiating factor when compared to other MNCs; and understanding the increasingly predominant role of regions and regional offices in the organizational model of multinationals. Finally, this research further reinforces the suitability and additional depth brought by the application of mixed method research models to academic research in the field of international business.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-12T13:09:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Veronica Vargas.pdf: 5204634 bytes, checksum: 3ec7586f5e6c9ba277e9039225fe71a9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-12T13:09:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Veronica Vargas.pdf: 5204634 bytes, checksum: 3ec7586f5e6c9ba277e9039225fe71a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-24 / CAPEs / Pesquisas recentes com empresas desenvolvedoras de jogos no Brasil mostram a dificuldade que elas enfrentam no que se refere à captação de recursos para financiar seus empreendimentos. Isso mostra a deficiência dos gestores em matéria de modelos de negócios. No aspecto acadêmico, os estudos da área de jogos, em sua maioria, também estão relacionados apenas ao artefato em si, carecendo de estudos sobre a forma como eles são inseridos no mercado de forma rentável e sustentável economicamente. Tratando aqui os jogos como um produto com foco no segmento dos casuais sociais mobile voltados para o mercado de entretenimento, entende-se que o desafio dos Game Designers vai além da configuração. A partir da ferramenta de concepção de jogos "Game Design Canvas" e com auxílio de Metodologias de Design, a apresentação de um novo Canvas é o objeto de estudo deste trabalho, com o intuito de auxiliar a concepção não apenas de jogos, mas a definição de sua cadeia de valor. Para tanto, são explorados os conceitos de: modelos de negócios, Metodologias de Design, jogos e um retrospecto sobre a evolução das estratégias de comercialização de jogos. Finalmente, para demonstrar a aplicação da extensão do Design Thinking Canvas, um exemplo prático do jogo Bubble Witch Saga 2 é apresentado. Como resultado deste trabalho, foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta com aplicação prática para construção de modelos de negócios de jogos. / Recent researches with companies developers of games in Brazil show the difficulty they face in relation to fund-raising to finance their ventures. This shows the deficiency of managers on business models. In the academic field, studies of the games area, mostly, are also related only to the artifact itself, lacking studies about how they are inserted into the market of an economically profitable and sustainable way. Considering here the games as a product with focus on the segment of social casual mobile facing the entertainment market, it is understood that the challenge of Game Designers goes beyond setting. From the design tool of games "Game Design Canvas" and with the help of Design Methodologies, the presentation of a new Canvas is the object of study of this work, in order to help the conception not only of games, but the definition of its value chain. For this, the concepts explored are: business models, Methodologies of Design, games and a retrospect about the evolution of marketing strategies of games. Finally to demonstrate the application of the extension of the Design Thinking Canvas, a practical example of Bubble Witch Saga 2 game is shown. As result of this work, a tool with practical application for building of game business models was developed.

Desde los orígenes del hardware y el software hasta la época actual, la complejidad de los sistemas de cálculo ha supuesto un problema al cual informáticos, ingenieros y programadores han tenido que enfrentarse. Como resultado de este esfuerzo han surgido y madurado importantes áreas de investigación. En esta disertación abordamos algunas de las líneas de investigación actuales relacionada con el análisis y la verificación de sistemas de computación complejos utilizando métodos formales y lenguajes de dominio específico. En esta tesis nos centramos en los sistemas distribuidos, con un especial interés por los sistemas Web y los sistemas biológicos. La primera parte de la tesis está dedicada a aspectos de seguridad y técnicas relacionadas, concretamente la certificación del software. En primer lugar estudiamos sistemas de control de acceso a recursos y proponemos un lenguaje para especificar políticas de control de acceso que están fuertemente asociadas a bases de conocimiento y que proporcionan una descripción sensible a la semántica de los recursos o elementos a los que se accede. También hemos desarrollado un marco novedoso de trabajo para la Code-Carrying Theory, una metodología para la certificación del software cuyo objetivo es asegurar el envío seguro de código en un entorno distribuido. Nuestro marco de trabajo está basado en un sistema de transformación de teorías de reescritura mediante operaciones de plegado/desplegado. La segunda parte de esta tesis se concentra en el análisis y la verificación de sistemas Web y sistemas biológicos. Proponemos un lenguaje para el filtrado de información que permite la recuperación de informaciones en grandes almacenes de datos. Dicho lenguaje utiliza información semántica obtenida a partir de ontologías remotas para re nar el proceso de filtrado. También estudiamos métodos de validación para comprobar la consistencia de contenidos web con respecto a propiedades sintácticas y semánticas. Otra de nuestras contribuciones es la propuesta de un lenguaje que permite definir y comprobar automáticamente restricciones semánticas y sintácticas en el contenido estático de un sistema Web. Finalmente, también consideramos los sistemas biológicos y nos centramos en un formalismo basado en lógica de reescritura para el modelado y el análisis de aspectos cuantitativos de los procesos biológicos. Para evaluar la efectividad de todas las metodologías propuestas, hemos prestado especial atención al desarrollo de prototipos que se han implementado utilizando lenguajes basados en reglas. / Baggi ., M. (2010). Rule-based Methodologies for the Specification and Analysis of Complex Computing Systems [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/8964 / Palancia