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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Utilização da associação de opiniões de múltiplos avaliadores com a análise de 'gaps' na avaliação das habilidades de comunicação no ensino médico brasileiro / Feasibility of multirater feedback with gap analysis to assess brazilian medical education of communication skills

Anna Beatriz Costa Neves do Amaral 04 December 2015 (has links)
Os novos currículos das escolas médicas brasileiras privilegiam em seu plano de ensino o cuidado com o paciente, conhecimento médico e do sistema de saúde, profissionalismo, prática baseada em problemas e habilidades interpessoais de comunicação. Um dos métodos para avaliar as habilidades de comunicação é, a partir da observação de situações clínicas simuladas, associar a opinião de múltiplos avaliadores e a análise de gaps com base nos itens do Consenso Kalamazoo ampliado. O objetivo final é produzir feedback construtivo para o aluno na relação com a equipe multiprofissional, os pacientes e seus familiares. O instrumento Gap-Kalamazoo Communication Skills Assessment Form (GKCSAF) foi traduzido, adaptado culturalmente para a língua portuguesa do Brasil e validado. Foram avaliadas na validação qualidade, confiabilidade e análise fatorial exploratória dos itens. A versão final em português foi aplicada a médicos residentes, equipe multiprofissional, facilitadores e atores nas áreas de Oncologia, UTI Neonatal e UTI Pediátrica. As opiniões dos avaliadores foram associadas a análise de gaps utilizando-se estatística descritiva e o resultado final foi oferecido como feedback por escrito para cada participante. O produto das duas traduções iniciais conciliadas foi retrotraduzido e avaliado pelo autor do método que sugeriu ajuste em 3 termos. Cinco das 86 sentenças avaliadas durante as 4 rodadas do método Delphi modificado mantiveram-se discordantes. 21 participantes responderam ao pré-teste e 9 sugestões de adaptação cultural foram reescritas, gerando a versão final. Dos 37 participantes do processo de validação, 84% eram do sexo feminino e 76% não receberam formação em comunicação em saúde. Todos os participantes consideraram o instrumento de fácil compreensão. A consistência interna (AlfaCronbach = 0,818) e a confiabilidade do teste-reteste (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse = 0,942) foram adequadas. A análise fatorial exploratória verificou a unidimensionalidade da escala. Foram realizadas 8 cenas simuladas, com duração média de 7 minutos, totalizando 104 avaliações. Todas as cenas possuem padrões diversos de correlação entre as médias de avaliação dos grupos de observadores e 75% tinham pontuação na escala Likert maior ou igual a 3 nos nove itens de comunicação. Houve destaque para a adequada transmissão de informações precisas e os itens que necessitam melhorar variaram em cada simulação. Nas auto-avaliações, as sub-avaliações foram frequentes, com 43 apontamentos. Em duas cenas houveram itens com super avaliações, uma com 8 itens e outra com 1 item. Destes 52 apontamentos, 10 (19%) são coincidentes com a opinião dos observadores. A tradução em etapas originou versão adequada para a língua portuguesa do ponto de vista linguístico e técnico. As propriedades psicométricas foram semelhantes às do instrumento original. Os dados obtidos no ambiente simulado puderam identificar lacunas da comunicação interpessoal em questões específicas, abordadas em momento de feedback formativo e auto-reflexão. Este método envolve toda a equipe de saúde, é prático e reproduzível em instituições de ensino brasileiras. Sua inclusão no currículo atual pode aprimorar de maneira continuada a relação médico-paciente-cuidador-equipe / The priorities of brazilian medical schools in the planning of their new curricula are: patient care, medical knowledge and the health care system, professionalism, practice based on problems and interpersonal communication skills. One method used to assess communication skills is based on the observation of simulated clinical situations, associating multi-rater assessments and gap analysis based on items of the extended Kalamazoo Consensus. The final objective is to produce a constructive feedback for students in their relationship with the interdisciplinary team, patients and their families. The Gap-Kalamazoo Communication Skills Assessment Form (GKCSAF) was translated into Brazilian Portuguese, culturally adapted to the Brazilian society and validated. In the validation, the assessments included quality, reliability and exploratory factor analyzes of the items. The final Portuguese version was applied to resident physicians, interdisciplinary team and actors in the fields of Oncology, Neonatal ICU and Pediatric ICU. The assessments of raters were associated to gap analysis using descriptive statistics, and the final result was given as written feedback to each participant. The outcome of the two initial reconciled translations was back translated and assessed by the researcher who developed the method who suggested adjustments to 3 words. Disagreement persisted in five of the 86 sentences assessed during the 4 rounds of modified Delphi method. Twenty-one (21) participants answered the pretest and 9 suggestions of cultural adaptation were rewritten, leading to the final version. Of the 37 participants in the assessment process, 84% were women and 76% had no training in health communication. All participants considered the instrument logistically feasible. The internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha = 0.818) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.942) were adequate. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the unidimensionality of the scale. Eight simulated scenes were performed, with an average duration of 7 minutes, totaling 104 assessments. All scenes had different patterns of correlation between the means of assessments of the groups of observers and 75% had scores greater than or equal to 3 in Likert scale, in the nine communication-related items. Emphasis was given to the appropriate transmission of accurate information, and the items that needed to be changed differed in each simulation. Self-under-appraisal were frequent with 43 remarks. Two scenes had items with self-over-appraisal, one with 8 items and the other with 1 item. Of these 52 remarks, 10 (19%) are consistent with the assessments of the observers. The use of translation in stages resulted in a suitable version in the Portuguese language, from the linguistic and technical views. The psychometric properties were similar to those of the original instrument. The data obtained in the simulated environment allowed the identification of interpersonal communication gaps regarding specific issues during formative feedback and critical self-reflection. This method involves the entire health care team, is practical and reproducible in Brazilian teaching institutions. Its inclusion in the current curriculum may improve on a continuous basis the doctor-patient-caregiver-team relationship
2

Utilização da associação de opiniões de múltiplos avaliadores com a análise de 'gaps' na avaliação das habilidades de comunicação no ensino médico brasileiro / Feasibility of multirater feedback with gap analysis to assess brazilian medical education of communication skills

Amaral, Anna Beatriz Costa Neves do 04 December 2015 (has links)
Os novos currículos das escolas médicas brasileiras privilegiam em seu plano de ensino o cuidado com o paciente, conhecimento médico e do sistema de saúde, profissionalismo, prática baseada em problemas e habilidades interpessoais de comunicação. Um dos métodos para avaliar as habilidades de comunicação é, a partir da observação de situações clínicas simuladas, associar a opinião de múltiplos avaliadores e a análise de gaps com base nos itens do Consenso Kalamazoo ampliado. O objetivo final é produzir feedback construtivo para o aluno na relação com a equipe multiprofissional, os pacientes e seus familiares. O instrumento Gap-Kalamazoo Communication Skills Assessment Form (GKCSAF) foi traduzido, adaptado culturalmente para a língua portuguesa do Brasil e validado. Foram avaliadas na validação qualidade, confiabilidade e análise fatorial exploratória dos itens. A versão final em português foi aplicada a médicos residentes, equipe multiprofissional, facilitadores e atores nas áreas de Oncologia, UTI Neonatal e UTI Pediátrica. As opiniões dos avaliadores foram associadas a análise de gaps utilizando-se estatística descritiva e o resultado final foi oferecido como feedback por escrito para cada participante. O produto das duas traduções iniciais conciliadas foi retrotraduzido e avaliado pelo autor do método que sugeriu ajuste em 3 termos. Cinco das 86 sentenças avaliadas durante as 4 rodadas do método Delphi modificado mantiveram-se discordantes. 21 participantes responderam ao pré-teste e 9 sugestões de adaptação cultural foram reescritas, gerando a versão final. Dos 37 participantes do processo de validação, 84% eram do sexo feminino e 76% não receberam formação em comunicação em saúde. Todos os participantes consideraram o instrumento de fácil compreensão. A consistência interna (AlfaCronbach = 0,818) e a confiabilidade do teste-reteste (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse = 0,942) foram adequadas. A análise fatorial exploratória verificou a unidimensionalidade da escala. Foram realizadas 8 cenas simuladas, com duração média de 7 minutos, totalizando 104 avaliações. Todas as cenas possuem padrões diversos de correlação entre as médias de avaliação dos grupos de observadores e 75% tinham pontuação na escala Likert maior ou igual a 3 nos nove itens de comunicação. Houve destaque para a adequada transmissão de informações precisas e os itens que necessitam melhorar variaram em cada simulação. Nas auto-avaliações, as sub-avaliações foram frequentes, com 43 apontamentos. Em duas cenas houveram itens com super avaliações, uma com 8 itens e outra com 1 item. Destes 52 apontamentos, 10 (19%) são coincidentes com a opinião dos observadores. A tradução em etapas originou versão adequada para a língua portuguesa do ponto de vista linguístico e técnico. As propriedades psicométricas foram semelhantes às do instrumento original. Os dados obtidos no ambiente simulado puderam identificar lacunas da comunicação interpessoal em questões específicas, abordadas em momento de feedback formativo e auto-reflexão. Este método envolve toda a equipe de saúde, é prático e reproduzível em instituições de ensino brasileiras. Sua inclusão no currículo atual pode aprimorar de maneira continuada a relação médico-paciente-cuidador-equipe / The priorities of brazilian medical schools in the planning of their new curricula are: patient care, medical knowledge and the health care system, professionalism, practice based on problems and interpersonal communication skills. One method used to assess communication skills is based on the observation of simulated clinical situations, associating multi-rater assessments and gap analysis based on items of the extended Kalamazoo Consensus. The final objective is to produce a constructive feedback for students in their relationship with the interdisciplinary team, patients and their families. The Gap-Kalamazoo Communication Skills Assessment Form (GKCSAF) was translated into Brazilian Portuguese, culturally adapted to the Brazilian society and validated. In the validation, the assessments included quality, reliability and exploratory factor analyzes of the items. The final Portuguese version was applied to resident physicians, interdisciplinary team and actors in the fields of Oncology, Neonatal ICU and Pediatric ICU. The assessments of raters were associated to gap analysis using descriptive statistics, and the final result was given as written feedback to each participant. The outcome of the two initial reconciled translations was back translated and assessed by the researcher who developed the method who suggested adjustments to 3 words. Disagreement persisted in five of the 86 sentences assessed during the 4 rounds of modified Delphi method. Twenty-one (21) participants answered the pretest and 9 suggestions of cultural adaptation were rewritten, leading to the final version. Of the 37 participants in the assessment process, 84% were women and 76% had no training in health communication. All participants considered the instrument logistically feasible. The internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha = 0.818) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.942) were adequate. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the unidimensionality of the scale. Eight simulated scenes were performed, with an average duration of 7 minutes, totaling 104 assessments. All scenes had different patterns of correlation between the means of assessments of the groups of observers and 75% had scores greater than or equal to 3 in Likert scale, in the nine communication-related items. Emphasis was given to the appropriate transmission of accurate information, and the items that needed to be changed differed in each simulation. Self-under-appraisal were frequent with 43 remarks. Two scenes had items with self-over-appraisal, one with 8 items and the other with 1 item. Of these 52 remarks, 10 (19%) are consistent with the assessments of the observers. The use of translation in stages resulted in a suitable version in the Portuguese language, from the linguistic and technical views. The psychometric properties were similar to those of the original instrument. The data obtained in the simulated environment allowed the identification of interpersonal communication gaps regarding specific issues during formative feedback and critical self-reflection. This method involves the entire health care team, is practical and reproducible in Brazilian teaching institutions. Its inclusion in the current curriculum may improve on a continuous basis the doctor-patient-caregiver-team relationship
3

PERCEPTIONS OF CHANGE FOLLOWING A 360-DEGREE FEEDBACK INTERVENTION

WERNKE, JULIA YVONNE 02 October 2006 (has links)
No description available.
4

Predictors of performance

Danay, Erik 04 April 2011 (has links)
Präsentiert werden drei Studien zum Thema Prädiktion von Leistung. In Studie 1 wurde die Prädiktion von Studienerfolg nicht nur mit Persönlichkeitsmaßen auf Facettenebene sowohl von Fremd- als auch Selbst-Ratings untersucht, sondern auch der Einfluss von faking auf die Kriteriumsvalidität. Ergebnisse zeigten, dass Fremd- über Selbst-Ratings und Intelligenz hinaus Studienerfolg prädizieren. Auch wurde gezeigt, dass Faking die Kriteriumsvaliditäten auf Facettenebene in unterschiedlicher Weise beeinflusst. Studie 2 untersuchte den Einfluss der unterschiedlichen Abstraktionsebene von Prädiktor und Kriterium auf die Kriteriumsvalidität. Dazu wurden Leistungsmotivationsskalen sowohl in einer Mathe-spezifischen Formulierung als auch in einer globalen Formulierung Schülern vorgegeben. Diese Skalen dienten dann als Prädiktoren für Noten in Mathe, Physik und Deutsch. Ergebnisse einer Varianzzerlegung mit MTMM zeigten, dass die Mathe-spezifischen Skalen durchgehend ein Plus an Varianz enthalten, welches unabhängig ist von der Varianz aufgrund der einzelnen Motivationskonstrukte. Folglich messen domänen-spezifische Skalen entweder ein engeres Konstrukt von Leistungsmotivation oder, eher, ein zusätzliches Konstrukt. Das Korrelationsmuster der domänen-spezifischen Varianz mit den drei untersuchten Noten legt nahe, dass es sich bei diesem zusätzlichen Konstrukt um Selbstkonzept handelt. Studie 3 untersuchte die Konstruktvalidität der Big 5 und möglicher higher-order factors nach Kontrolle von möglichen Biases innerhalb des CTCM-1 Ansatzes mit Selbst- und Fremdratings. Ergebnisse zeigten, dass bias-bereinigte Big 5 Maße die Annahme eines higher-order factors wenig plausibel machen. Darüber hinaus konnte ein solcher potentieller Faktor nicht theoriekonform die positive Eigenschaft Intelligenz prädizieren. Insgesamt verdeutlicht dies die Problematik des Einflusses von unterschiedlichen Quellen und Verzerrungen auf die Kriteriumsvalidität von häufig eingesetzten Persönlichkeitsmaßen. / Presented are 3 studies about the prediction of performance. Study 1 analyzes the prediction of academic performance by use of self-ratings, other-ratings and faked-ratings of personality measures not only on domain level but also on facet level. Result showed that other-ratings yield incremental validity above and beyond self-ratings and intelligence. Moreover, against prior findings for domain-level, faking does influence criterion validity on facet-level, with the influence not being uniform in direction. Study 2 analyzed the influence of different levels of abstraction of predictor and criterion in the realm of achievement motivation. For that, various achievement motivation scales were administered both in a global and a math-specific wording. These scales later on served as predictor for grades in math, physics and German. By modeling this data in a MTMM model different sources of variance could be disentangled. Results showed that math-specific scales are the better predictors. More so, these domain-specific scales have uniformly an increase in variance regardless of the positive or negative valence of the various achievement motivation scales. This leads to the conclusion that math-domain-specific scales either measure a narrower construct or, more probable, they tap an additional construct. This is backed by the uniform positive additional variance. Moreover, test-criterion correlation-pattern between the math-domain-specific variance and the three different grades makes it plausible that the additional construct tapped in these scales is self-concept. Study 3 analyzed the construct-validity of personality’s Big 5 and their possible higher order factor after controlling for singular rater biases using a newly developed CTCM-1 approach. Results showed that these bias free Big 5 make the assumption of one higher order factor implausible. Moreover, such a factor would not uniformly predict intelligence as is claimed by advocates of this factor.

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