The aim of the thesis is to present the legal framework of the copyright and rights related to copyright to authors and performers of musical work. As a relatively complex issue, in my opinion, it is important for authors and performers as artists to have at least a basic idea of what rights and obligations arise in the process of creation and exploitation of musical works and what legal framework of protection the law provides to them. Moreover, this topic is very close to me because I am myself author and performer of musical works. The first chapter deals with the musical work in terms of its individual components, both from legal and music theory point of view. Considering that the criterion of uniqueness of the copyright work does not exclude the use of parts of other works, I also examine the issue of legal uses of foreign works in the process of the creation of copyright works and the issue of plagiarism. At the end of the first chapter I mention the creation of a copyright work by collaboration of multiple authors (which is typical for musical works). In the second chapter, I introduce to the authors the catalogue of their moral and property rights, focusing on those areas that are relevant to musical works, including the duration of their rights and post-mortal protection. The third...

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:27:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCIANA ALVES VIANA.pdf: 1309363 bytes, checksum: d02422e33856abd754a36000acb4ac67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-05 / The artistics‟ activities of musicians that work with choro are the beginning for a development of this research. From Simbolic Interacionism we look to understand what are the characteristics of networks, social and artistics conventions, identity and female participation of chorões‟ groups that work in groups of Goiânia Go and Campinas SP from 2009 to 2011. For this purpose, after theoric fundamentals in chapter one, we construct two ideal types, in chapters two and three, their names are Regional-Samba-Choro and Escola de Choro Elétrico. Through these ideal types of presentation of musical service in artworld of choro we intend to understand the social relationship of chorístico job. / As atividades artísticas de músicos dedicados ao gênero choro são o ponta-pé inicial para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa. A partir do Interacionismo Simbólico procuramos compreender como se caracterizam as redes, convenções sociais e artísticas, a identidade e presença feminina no grupo dos chorões que atuam nas cidades de Goiânia GO e Campinas SP entre os anos de 2009 a 2011. Para tanto, após fundamentação teórica presente no capítulo primeiro, construímos dois tipos ideais, presentes nos capítulos posteriores, aos quais chamamos de Regional-Samba-Choro e Escola de Choro Elétrico. Através destes tipos ideais de apresentação de serviços musicais no mundo da música choro pretendemos então, compreender as relações sociais que se desenvolvem no trabalho chorístico.

A partir da constatação de que uma fenomenologia da música não se restringe apenas aos seus momentos sonoros, propõe-se uma investigação fenomenológica da obra musical que também leve em consideração os seus momentos não-sonoros. Para realizar tal investigação propõe-se uma análise de como a questão dos momentos sonoros e não-sonoros é abordada pelo filósofo polonês Roman Ingarden (1893-1970) em seu Ensaio sobre o modo de ser da obra musical. A primeira parte do trabalho, que compreende os capítulos um ao três, faz uma série de considerações preliminares; começando com a elucidação de certos elementos gerais da fenomenologia para, logo em seguida, buscar compreender de que forma a fenomenologia poderia contribuir com investigações musicais e estéticas. Na segunda parte, que é composta pelos capítulos quatro ao seis, são analisados as cinco primeiras seções do Ensaio de Ingarden. A análise proposta destaca a distinção da obra musical em relação à execução, à experiência de consciência e à partitura. Após a descrição dessas distinções elementares, o problema de como uma obra se situa no tempo é analisado (chegando-se à conclusão de que ela é um objeto não-real). Finalmente, os momentos sonoros e não sonoros da obra musical são descritos e analisados. Nas considerações finais, constata-se que o Ensaio de Ingarden percorreu apenas o primeiro estágio de um itinerário que deverá considerar ainda questões relativas à cognição e à teoria dos valores. / From the observation that a phenomenology of music is not restricted only to its sound moments, I proposed a phenomenological investigation of the musical work that also takes into consideration its non-sound moments. In order to carry out this research, I proposed an analysis of how the issue of sound and non-sound moments is approached by the Polish philosopher Roman Ingarden (1893-1970) in his Essay on the mode of being of the musical work. The first part of this dissertation (which comprises chapters one to three) makes a few preliminary considerations; beginning with the elucidation of certain general elements of phenomenology and then seeking to understand how phenomenology could contribute to musical investigations and aesthetics investigations. In the second part (which is composed of chapters four through six) the first five sections of Ingarden\'s Essay are analyzed. The proposed analysis emphasizes the distinction of the musical work in relation to the performance, the experience of the conscience and the score. After describing these elementary distinctions, the problem of how a work situates itself in time is analyzed (arriving at the conclusion that it is a non-real object). Finally, the sound and non-sound moments of the musical work are described and analyzed. In the concluding remarks, it appears that Ingarden\'s Essay covered only the first stage of an itinerary, which should also consider issues related to cognition and value theory.

A partir da constatação de que uma fenomenologia da música não se restringe apenas aos seus momentos sonoros, propõe-se uma investigação fenomenológica da obra musical que também leve em consideração os seus momentos não-sonoros. Para realizar tal investigação propõe-se uma análise de como a questão dos momentos sonoros e não-sonoros é abordada pelo filósofo polonês Roman Ingarden (1893-1970) em seu Ensaio sobre o modo de ser da obra musical. A primeira parte do trabalho, que compreende os capítulos um ao três, faz uma série de considerações preliminares; começando com a elucidação de certos elementos gerais da fenomenologia para, logo em seguida, buscar compreender de que forma a fenomenologia poderia contribuir com investigações musicais e estéticas. Na segunda parte, que é composta pelos capítulos quatro ao seis, são analisados as cinco primeiras seções do Ensaio de Ingarden. A análise proposta destaca a distinção da obra musical em relação à execução, à experiência de consciência e à partitura. Após a descrição dessas distinções elementares, o problema de como uma obra se situa no tempo é analisado (chegando-se à conclusão de que ela é um objeto não-real). Finalmente, os momentos sonoros e não sonoros da obra musical são descritos e analisados. Nas considerações finais, constata-se que o Ensaio de Ingarden percorreu apenas o primeiro estágio de um itinerário que deverá considerar ainda questões relativas à cognição e à teoria dos valores. / From the observation that a phenomenology of music is not restricted only to its sound moments, I proposed a phenomenological investigation of the musical work that also takes into consideration its non-sound moments. In order to carry out this research, I proposed an analysis of how the issue of sound and non-sound moments is approached by the Polish philosopher Roman Ingarden (1893-1970) in his Essay on the mode of being of the musical work. The first part of this dissertation (which comprises chapters one to three) makes a few preliminary considerations; beginning with the elucidation of certain general elements of phenomenology and then seeking to understand how phenomenology could contribute to musical investigations and aesthetics investigations. In the second part (which is composed of chapters four through six) the first five sections of Ingarden\'s Essay are analyzed. The proposed analysis emphasizes the distinction of the musical work in relation to the performance, the experience of the conscience and the score. After describing these elementary distinctions, the problem of how a work situates itself in time is analyzed (arriving at the conclusion that it is a non-real object). Finally, the sound and non-sound moments of the musical work are described and analyzed. In the concluding remarks, it appears that Ingarden\'s Essay covered only the first stage of an itinerary, which should also consider issues related to cognition and value theory.

La musique requiert l'intervention de règles juridiques relevant de matières différentes du droit dans le but de concilier entre les intérêts des protagonistes de la scène musicale - notamment ceux des compositeurs, des interprètes, des producteurs, des médias et du public - et de garantir la protection du fait musical. Droit de la propriété littéraire et artistique et droit du patrimoine culturel figurent alors parmi les droits qui concourent à la protection du fait musical et que nous abordons dans une optique de droit comparé. L'interrogation que nous formulons quant à l'efficacité des règles juridiques applicables à la musique nous conduira vers l‟élaboration d'une introspection du fait musical - que nous envisageons du point de vue de la création intellectuelle et en tant qu'élément du patrimoine culturel - dans l'objectif d‟en déterminer les spécificités et exigences. Nous opérerons dans ce cadre une introspection juridique de l’œuvre musicale et une introspection juridique du patrimoine musical. L'approche introspective de l’œuvre musicale nous permettra, à travers son analyse conceptuelle et son étude structurelle, de nous pencher sur les défis juridiques soulevés par les particularités du domaine musical, par l'élargissement des frontières de l'imaginaire artistique et par l'impact du progrès technologique sur l'art. L'approche introspective du patrimoine musical nous permettra d'en souligner l'hétérogénéité et le caractère évolutif et d'orienter la réflexion vers la nécessité d'élaborer des stratégies d'acquisition et d'enrichissement du patrimoine au cœur desquelles nous placerons les notions de citoyenneté, de développement culturel et de droits de l'homme. / Music requires the intervention of legal rules that come under different matters of law in order to conciliate between the interests of the protagonists of the musical scene - such as composers, performers, producers, media and public - and to guarantee the protection of the musical event. Therefore, the law on literary and artistic property and cultural heritage law figure among the laws that concur to the protection of the musical event, which are approached from the perspective of comparative law. The question formulated here as to the efficiency of the legal rules that apply to music will lead us to elaborate an introspective approach to the musical event - which we perceive as intellectual creation and as an element of cultural heritage - in order to determine its characteristics and requirements. In this context, we will operate a juridical introspection of the musical work and a juridical introspection of musical heritage. By means of conceptual analysis and structural study, the introspective approach of the musical work will provide an opportunity to look into the juridical challenges raised by the particularities of the musical field, involving the extension of the borders of artistic imagination and the impact of technical progress on art. The introspective approach to musical heritage will allow us to underline its heterogeneity and evolutionary character, and to direct our reflection towards the necessary elaboration of strategies for the acquisition and enrichment of this heritage, at the heart of which the notions of citizenship, cultural development and human rights are to be found.

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This diploma thesis deals with animated clip and its application in teaching process, in particular in arts and music classes at secondary basic school, by means of project methodology. The theoretical part, besides project method, which is the center point of this work, also focuses on history of animated film, together with animated clip and its asset. Subsequently, the final section of the practical part applies the findings of the theoretical part. The final section of this diploma thesis is a model animated clip Adebars Reise "The Flight of a Stork" and a draft for the project education in arts and music education at secondary basic school, on the topic of animated clip.

The aim of the present study is to explore the so-called historically informed performance movement, which also is my own musical performance tradition, from a general perspective grounded in musical philosophy. The discussions concerning this performance tradition have been dominated by different subjects, such as musical works, authenticity, intention and interpretation. The study focuses on Western art music where the performance of the music, the sounding realisation, of a notated work is central. Therefore, the performance in connection with the abovementioned subjects is of prime interest. This more overarching theme gave rise to the following questions: What factors can be considered decisive for whether a performance is a historically informed performance or not? How can these factors be identified? Does this mean that there are instructions in the music that I, as a musician, must obey? What does my artistic freedom look like? Where can I find it? The path to tentative answers to these questions is taken via theoretical discussions and the application of the theory in method and analyses as well as in interpretation.The theoretical perspective of the study is based on contextual musical ontology. The scientific theoretical framework, emanating from this ontology, is formulated in the field of social constructionism.The performance can, through this perspective, be identified as an indispensable part of the musical work, which also implies that the notated work itself is not sufficient to identify the work. Further, the emphasis on the context's importance for the performance in order to allow the performance to be of the work in question implies the necessity of awareness of the context of the work. This concept is deepened in the study through the emphasis on the importance for the performance, in a broad perspective, of the historical as well as the contemporary socio-cultural context. For the work itself this means that the identity of the work is unstable, it is constantly changing, since the different performances of the work that are parts of the work can never be identical. The perspective is based on social constructivist theories about knowledge. With contextual musical ontology as a point of departure, a strategy is formulated concerning analysis and investigation of a musical work. This strategy focuses on the notation, the instrumentation, and historical performance conventions. These three parts interact with one another and in the study they are formulated as being inseparable from the performance of the work.The theoretical part of the study is followed by a case study in which a sonata by Johann Sebastian Bach is studied from the articulated theoretical perspective. The case study contains an investigative part and an interpretative part. The work's notation is always in focus in the investigative and descriptive part, with emphasis on the socio-cultural context connected to the notation. Through the sounding interpretations, the different performances, the final chapter results in a summary of the study as a whole. / Syftet med föreliggande studie är att studera så kallad historiskt informerad uppförandepraxis, och därmed även min egen musikaliska inriktning, ur ett generellt musikfilosofiskt perspektiv. De olika begrepp och frågeställningar som kan sägas dominera diskussionerna kring denna framförandetradition är verk, autenticitet, intention och interpretation. I fokus för studien befinner sig musik inom den västerländska konstmusiktraditionen inom vilken framförandet av musik, den klingande realiseringen av ett noterat verk, är central. Därför står framförandet, i relation till ovan nämnda begrepp, i fokus. Detta mer övergripande tema leder fram till följande frågeställningar: Vilka faktorer kan betraktas som avgörande för att ett framförande kan betraktas som ett historiskt informerat framförande? Hur kan dessa faktorer identifieras? Innebär det att det finns instruktioner i musiken som jag som musiker måste följa? Hur ser min konstnärliga frihet ut? Var finner jag den? Vägen till tentativa svar på dessa frågor har gått via teoretiska resonemang, och applicering av teorin i såväl metod och analys som interpretation. Studiens teoretiska perspektiv och överbyggnad baseras på kontextuell musikontologi. Det vetenskapsteoretiska ramverket, utifrån denna ontologiska grund, formuleras inom ramen för den socialkonstruktionistiska tanketraditionen. Genom detta perspektiv kan framförandet av verket identifieras som en omistlig del av verket, vilket också innebär att enbart notationen inte är tillräcklig för att definiera verket. Vidare innebär teorins betoning av kontextens betydelse att ett framförande för att vara ett framförande av verket, medvetet måste förhålla sig till verkets kontext. Detta perspektiv fördjupas i studien genom att betona den socio-kulturella kontextens betydelse i ett större perspektiv, såväl den historiska som den nutida, för framförandet. För verket innebär det att dess identitet är föränderlig, då de olika framföranden som är en del av verket inte kan vara identiska. Denna syn baseras på socialkonstruktivistiska teorier om kunskapsbyggande. Med utgångspunkt i kontextuell musikontologi formuleras också en strategi för att analysera och undersöka ett verk utifrån notationen, instrumentationen och uppförandepraktiska konventioner, tre delar av verket som griper in i varandra och som konstateras vara omistliga att förhålla sig till vid ett framförande. Studiens teoretiska del åtföljs av en fallstudie där en sonat av Johann Sebastian Bach studeras utifrån det teoretiska perspektivet. Fallstudien består av en undersökande del och en tillämpande interpretativ del. För den undersökande, och i viss mån deskriptiva delen står verkets notation hela tiden i fokus, med tyngdpunkt på notationens socio-kulturella kontext. Det avslutande kapitlet resulterar, genom de klingande gestaltningarna av sonaten, i en sammanfattning av studien som helhet. Avhandlingens slutkapitel utgörs även av en CD. Den kan beställas genom registrator på Institutionen för musik och medier vid Luleå tekniska universitet. E-post: muh-registrator(at)ltu.se / Godkänd; 2008; 20081113 (ysko)