La négritude répond à la fois à une recherche identitaire en réaction à la colonisation et une esthétique littéraire qui emprunte son langage et son rythme au pays natal de chaque auteur et au pays colonisateur. Elle est ainsi en lien avec la politique. Le rythme des poèmes d'Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor et José Craveirinha a une résonance dans la typographie. La typographie est également associée à la musique par l'espace que les mots occupent sur la page. Les bonds rythmiques du tam-tam sont par exemple des bonds typographiques chez Léopold Sédar Senghor. Ce rythme nommé la musicalité en poésie fait entrer différents langages au sein de la poésie. Le questionnement est donc porté sur la poésie et les instruments de musique. En d'autres termes, peut-on y voir un de ces éléments qui entraîne la naissance de l'autre ou bien existe-t-il une co-existence de ceux-ci ? De plus, la typographie offre aussi presque quasi systématiquement des allers-retours entre les deux sens que sont la vue et l'ouïe. Ces allers-retours permis par le peu de ponctuation voire son absence laissent le soin au lecteur de donner un rythme. Les couleurs et la lumière mentionnées dans les poèmes sont autant l'occasion de faire appel à la vue. Les poèmes deviennent picturaux. Le rythme comme le rapprochement des poèmes de l'écriture calligramme confèrent à ceux-ci un aspect physique. Celui-ci se retrouve dans le thème du corps qui est, le plus souvent, le corps de la femme. Le corps féminin est certes empreint de sensualité, mais il est aussi celui de la mère qui traduit la terre natale. De cette manière le lien entre le poète est la terre natale est sensible. C'est aussi ce qui peut expliquer une certaine animalité lorsque les poètes évoquent le rythme du tam-tam et la fabrication de cet instrument de musique en peau. Cela est notamment le cas chez José Craveirinha où le poète prononce le désir de se transformer en « tambor » (en tambour) ou encore dans le rythme effréné de la transe chez Aimé Césaire lorsque la musicalité créée par l'anaphore imite le rythme du tam-tam. Ainsi, le rythme et la musicalité sont proches. Le corps féminin s'étend au corps du poète et aux corps des lecteurs puisque le sensible est mis à l'honneur dans les poèmes des trois auteurs à l'étude. Elle est la marque d'un espace à l'autre que Gilles Deleuze évoquée déjà. La frontière est ce qui est fait pour être transgressée selon le philosophe. L'expérience sensible est cruciale pour les poètes ainsi que la résonance de la parole poétique qui permet de dire des souffrances dans les poèmes de José Craveirinha par exemple. C'est cette pensée, cette spiritualité poétique qui est à l'origine de la particularité de la poésie de la négritude. / The negritude deals with the quest for identity which is the result of the colonization and with literary aesthetics, borrowing its language and rhythm from both of the countries : the one where the author was born and the colonizing one. Therefore, it is linked to politics. In poetry, it creates a particular rhythm which reveals sometimes a tension between the cultures. Moreover, the rhythm in Aimé Césaire's, Léopold Sédar Senghor's and José Craveirinha's poems has a resonance in the typography. Typography is also related to music thanks to the space occupied by the words on the page. The rythmic tam-tam bounds are, for instance, typographical bounds in Léopold Sédar Senghor's works. This rhythm, which is called musicality in poetry, lets differents languages in poetry. The question deals with poetry and musical instruments. In other words, is there an element giving birth to the other one or is there a coexistence of them ? Moreover, nearly systematically typography also gives roundtrips between eyesight and hearing. These roundtrips, allowed by the lack of ponctuation or its absence, let the reader give rhythm to the reading. The colors and the light mentioned in the poems highlight eyesight.The poems become paintings. Both the rhythm and the parallel between the poems and the calligrams give them a physical aspect. This one is revealed in the topic of body which is, frequently, a woman body. On one hand, the feminine body is full of sensuality, but on the other one it also is the mother's one, showing the native land. Through this, the link between the poet and his native land is underlined. That can also explain a sort of animality when the poets evoke the rhythm of tam-tam and the making of this musical instrument with a piece of skin. José Craveirinha is strongly concerned, because the poet pronounces his desire to become a « tambor » (drum), and Aimé Césaire's trance and its frenetic rhythm when the musicality created by the anaphor imitates the rhythm of tam-tam. Thus, rhythm and musicality are close to each other. The feminine body extends to the poet's and the reader's bodies because the perceptible is in the place of honour in the poems of the three authors studied. That's why the notion of border appears. It reveals the delimitation between a portion of space and the other that Gilles Deleuze already mentioned. The border is made to be broken, as the philosopher says. This way, the three authors' poetry is a poetry focused on the passing from a place to the other. The experience of senses is crucial for the poets, and also the resonance of poetic speech which can express sufferings, in José Craveirinha's poems for instance.

My thesis focuses on role of musical tools in pre-school education. It explores their history as well as historical significance but also current situation on the market and their use in practice. My goal is to define the very notion of musical tool and set general categorization in relation with musical capabilities it helps to develop. My work also maps the availability of musical tool in selected pre-schools and their use in these environments. The next task is to research how the tools designed by children themselves are helping develop their own musicality, especially those tools trying to visualize basic musical elements, while guiding them towards creativity. This was achieved by observation of two groups of fifteen children from age 4 to 6. KEYWORDS musical tools, musical creativity, musicality, pre-school education, pre-school children.

Bakalauro darbe, metodologiškai remiantis literatūros ir muzikos sąveikos istorija ir teorija, siekiama išanalizuoti dviejų šiuolaikinės lietuvių poezijos autorių – A. A. Jonyno ir G. Grajausko – tekstams būdingą muzikalumą. Šio darbo objektas – A. A. Jonyno eilėraščių rinktinė „Krioklys po ledu“ (1997) ir G. Grajausko poezijos rinkinys „Kaulinė dūdelė“ (1999). Tiriamoji darbo problema – kaip muzikalumas reiškiasi A. A. Jonyno ir G. Grajausko poezijos semantikoje ir poetikoje, kuo ypatinga muzikalumo raiška, ar šių autorių poezijoje galima aptikti teorijoje išskirtų, įvairius aspektus apimančių, muzikos ir poezijos jungčių. Teorinėje darbo dalyje nagrinėjama literatūros ir muzikos istorija bei teorija, muzikos ir poezijos jungčių prasminė bei funkcinė įvairovė, literatūros ir muzikos sąveikos dominantės. Darbe remtasi literatūros ir muzikos santykio metodu, naudotasi V. Daujotytės, V. Kubiliaus, R. Brūzgienės, V. Bobrovskio ir kitų autorių mokslinių tyrimų įžvalgomis. Teorijoje išskiriami šie sąveikos aspektai: garsinis žodžio pavidalas, daiktinė žodžio reikšmė, žodinis junglumo aspektas, intonacinis žodžio aspektas, vertybinis žodžio intencionalumas, kompozicinis aspektas, fonetikos ir sintaksės aspektai. Tiriamojoje dalyje nagrinėjama, kaip ir koks muzikalumas formuoja A. A. Jonyno eilėraščių poetiką ir semantiką, poeto kūrybos muzikalumas nagrinėjamas fonetinės, leksinės bei sintaksinės, ritminės intonacinės, kompozicinės ir žanrinės raiškos požiūriu. Ypač didelis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the Bachelor’s Thesis one tries to analyze the musicality typical for texts of two modern Lithuanian poetry authors – A. Jonynas and G. Grajauskas – methodologically basing upon theory and history of music and literature interaction. The object of this Thesis is the selection of A. Jonynas’ poems “Krioklys po ledu” (“Waterfall under Ice”) (1997) and G. Grajauskas’s collection of poetry “Kaulinė dūdelė” (“Bone Pipe”) (1999). Scientific problem of the work is the way the musicality is expressed in semantics and poetics of A. Jonynas and G. Grajauskas; the peculiarity of musicality expression; weather the connections of music and poetry distinguished theoretically and covering various aspects can be found in the poetry of these authors. History and theory of music and literature, notional and functional variety of music and poetry connection, dominant of literature and music interaction are studied in the theoretical part of the Thesis. While working on the Thesis one based upon the method of literature and music connection, insights of scientific researches of V. Daujotytė, V. Kubilius, R. Brūzgienė, V. Bobrovsky and other authors. The following aspect of interaction are distinguished in the theory: sound form of the word, material meaning of the word, verbal aspect of valency, intonation aspect of the word, value intentionality of the word, compositional aspect, aspect of phonetics and syntax. The practical part of the Thesis studies the following aspect:... [to full text]

Title: The issue of musicality in gymnastics programs at UK FTVS Objectives: Qualify changes in the level of musicality on students due to the intervention program of subjects Rhythmic gymnastics, Gymnastics I - Dance and Adapted movement and dance pedagogy at UK FTVS and present results of testing. Methods: In my thesis I mostly used analytic and synthetic method based on consolidation of data from written and video sources and their organization in content of my thesis and context of time period. The thesis also used an experimental method associated with data collection and their evaluation. The practical part is conceived as testing. Results: Description of the musicality test results. Keywords: Musicality, height of tones, melodic memory, harmonies, rhythmic memory, A. Bentley.

Kladno miners' choir is a mixed choir, which operates in Kladno since 1958. Budding singing group initially featured only occasionally, but with the advent of conductor Roman Makarius given new impetus to the expansion of the repertoire and the tenth season of performing a concert with a separate program. HPS Kladno repertoire is divided into blocks and presented concerts of traditional and occasional performances. The College cooperates with solo artists and symphony orchestra, presents annually abroad. Active musical work is rich and HPS Kladno belongs to the cultural life of the city whose name it bears in its name. The membership of the choir is made up almost a third of teachers. The questionnaire survey demonstrated reflection of the choir membership in their teaching practice. Use of the choral repertoire for singing, listening and educational activities. Educators also use suggestions from the style of management staff. A significant contribution to the development of the musicality of each member of the targeted work with voice, music skills and expanding awareness of the musical heritage of other nations.

Esta pesquisa teórico-prática realiza um estudo do pensamento e dos princípios de trabalho de Vsévolod Meyerhold a partir da musicalidade no trabalho do ator, utilizando princípios de Murray Schafer e Dalcroze, para a compreensão da musicalidade no corpo do ator e no espaço cênico, com vistas à uma formação mais global do ator. Neste sentido buscamos traçar princípios pedagógicos e fundamentos artísticos sobre os quais investigamos teórica e praticamente. Sua contribuição pode ser útil para que o ator vislumbre possibilidades de trabalho exploratório sobre si mesmo, passando por um processo de incorporação da musicalidade enquanto elemento constitutivo de sua prática e organizador do tempo no espaço. Traça ainda breves comentários sobre um teatro múltiplo, no qual dialoguem todas as linguagens artísticas de maneira não disjuntiva. Busca, finalmente, uma formação integral do ator enquanto humano e enquanto artista. / This research makes a theoretical and practical study of thinking and working principles of Vsévolod Meyerhold from the musicality at the actor\'s work using Murray Schafer\'s and Dalcroze\'s principles for the understanding of the musicality in actor\'s body and at the scenic space, looking for a global training of the actor. In this sense, we try to describe pedagogical principles and artistic elements on wich we study theoretical and practically. Its contribution can be useful for the envision possibilities of the actors on their exploratory work, through himself, passing through a process of incorporation of the musicality while constitutive element of their practice and a time organizer at the space. It also makes short comments about a plural theater in wich all the artistic languages can dialogue in a non-disjunctive way. Finally, it tries to find an integrate training of the actor as human and as an artist.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Vicente Mezzalira Passoni.pdf: 480116 bytes, checksum: 80f033f9c1966b79cfd9a2e8875c2632 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-15 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This research analyses the musicality in Riobaldo s narrative at João Guimarães Rosa s Grande Sertão: Veredas, according to Paul Zumthor s concepts of voice, orality and performance. When we notice the music as a constituent element of the writing of the work, we searched in Rosa's own statements arguments that demonstrated his intention to use music as a factor in his construction metafictive in his authorial project. In our research, we found a very strong parallel between the epic narrated by Riobaldo and twelve-tone opera (as composed by Wagner, for example), and, leaving from the Levi-Strauss s structuralism (which supports the similarity and contiguity between myth and music ), we set out to sketch this score that is hidden under the veil of Guimarães Rosa s calligraphic writing. For in such a way, we were also necessary to make use of musical concepts such as counting rhythmic types of bars, times of notes etc.. Were relevant, too, the Walter Benjamin s essay of the narrator, in addition to notes about the sound and sense of José Miguel Wisnik. It is important to stand out that although since there were other studies linking music with the work of Rosa, they were limited to studying the songs that were already in Guimarães Rosa s text, whereas our work suggests that Grande Sertão: Veredas may, as a whole, be conceived as a musical composition, with its themes, sub-themes, variations and choruses. Thus, by showing the music behind the text, which unfolds before our eyes (and ears), it is possible to experience the "greatness cantabile", which tells us Riobaldo / Esta pesquisa tem por objeto de estudo a musicalidade da narrativa da personagem Riobaldo na obra Grande Sertão: Veredas, de João Guimarães Rosa, à luz dos conceitos de voz, oralidade e performance, segundo Paul Zumthor. Ao notarmos a música como elemento constituinte da escritura da obra, fomos buscar nas declarações do próprio Rosa argumentos que demonstrassem sua intencionalidade ao utilizar a música como fator de construção metaficcional em seu projeto autoral. Em nossas pesquisas, encontramos um paralelismo muito forte entre a epopéia narrada por Riobaldo e a ópera dodecafônica (como as compostas por Wagner, por exemplo), e, partindo do estruturalismo de Lévi-Strauss (que defende a similaridade e contigüidade entre o mito e a música), nos propusemos a esboçar essa partitura que se oculta sob o véu da escrita caligráfica de Guimarães Rosa. Para tanto, foi-nos necessário fazer uso também de conceitos musicais, tais como contagem rítmica, tipos de compassos, tempos das notas etc. Foram pertinentes, também, o ensaio sobre o narrador, de Walter Benjamim, além dos apontamentos acerca do som e o sentido, de José Miguel Wisnik. É importante ressaltar que, embora já houvessem outros estudos relacionando a música com a obra de Rosa, estes se limitavam a estudar as cantigas presentes no texto roseano, enquanto que nosso trabalho propõe que a obra Grande Sertão: Veredas, pode, como um todo, ser concebida como uma composição musical, com seus temas, sub-temas, variações e refrões. Dessa forma, ao evidenciarmos essa música subjacente ao texto, que se descortina perante nossos olhos (e ouvidos), torna-se possível vivenciar a grandeza cantável , da qual nos fala Riobaldo

Esta pesquisa teórico-prática realiza um estudo do pensamento e dos princípios de trabalho de Vsévolod Meyerhold a partir da musicalidade no trabalho do ator, utilizando princípios de Murray Schafer e Dalcroze, para a compreensão da musicalidade no corpo do ator e no espaço cênico, com vistas à uma formação mais global do ator. Neste sentido buscamos traçar princípios pedagógicos e fundamentos artísticos sobre os quais investigamos teórica e praticamente. Sua contribuição pode ser útil para que o ator vislumbre possibilidades de trabalho exploratório sobre si mesmo, passando por um processo de incorporação da musicalidade enquanto elemento constitutivo de sua prática e organizador do tempo no espaço. Traça ainda breves comentários sobre um teatro múltiplo, no qual dialoguem todas as linguagens artísticas de maneira não disjuntiva. Busca, finalmente, uma formação integral do ator enquanto humano e enquanto artista. / This research makes a theoretical and practical study of thinking and working principles of Vsévolod Meyerhold from the musicality at the actor\'s work using Murray Schafer\'s and Dalcroze\'s principles for the understanding of the musicality in actor\'s body and at the scenic space, looking for a global training of the actor. In this sense, we try to describe pedagogical principles and artistic elements on wich we study theoretical and practically. Its contribution can be useful for the envision possibilities of the actors on their exploratory work, through himself, passing through a process of incorporation of the musicality while constitutive element of their practice and a time organizer at the space. It also makes short comments about a plural theater in wich all the artistic languages can dialogue in a non-disjunctive way. Finally, it tries to find an integrate training of the actor as human and as an artist.

Caio Fernando Abreu (1948-1996) tem sua obra constituída predominantemente por contos, forma literária pela qual é reconhecido no cenário da literatura brasileira do final do século XX. Por essa razão, esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo os livros, compostos pelo gênero citado, Os dragões não conhecem o paraíso (1988) e sua tradução para a língua inglesa Dragons... (1990), primeiro trabalho de Caio Fernando Abreu publicado em língua inglesa e a primeira publicação estrangeira do autor. Inicialmente tratamos da fundamentação teórica por meio de um breve levantamento sobre o conto como forma literária, o ritmo da prosa poética e as ideias de estudiosos da tradução que lidam com tradução literária, ritmo e prosa poética, a saber: Ana Cristina César (1999), Antoine Berman (2007) e Henri Meschonnic (2010). Em seguida, há uma apresentação da vida e da obra de Caio Fernando Abreu, o enredo de cada narrativa e, junto com ela, um inventário musical do volume aqui estudado, já que sua obra é marcada por diversas citações de canções e indicações para que seus textos sejam lidos ao som de determinado cantor ou canção e sua prosa trazer uma série de elementos sonoros comuns à linguagem poética. As referências à música são retomadas e separadas em grupos com trechos seguidos de suas traduções para a língua inglesa. A pesquisa mostrou que há na prosa de Abreu uma poética da alusão, processo intertextual ora marcado e ora não marcado, na qual se fazem presentes muitas camadas de leituras a serem descobertas e desvendadas, que podem tencionar, dinamizar e adensar determinados fatos e efeitos da narrativa. Quanto a refletir sobre a tradução para a língua inglesa de Os dragões não conhecem o paraíso, ficou claro o grau de dificuldade sempre presente na tradução literária, na necessidade de compreender a escolha efetuada no texto fonte, das impossibilidades de equivalência e da necessidade de tomada de decisão e as escolhas a serem feitas, que sempre acontecem no processo tradutório / The work of Caio Fernando Abreu (1948-1996) consists predominantly of short stories, the literary genre for which he is known in Brazilian literature of the late twentieth century. Therefore, this research aims to study the book, written in the aforementioned genre, Os dragões não conhecem o paraíso (1988) and its translation into English, Dragons (1990), which is Caio Fernando Abreus first book published in English and his first publication abroad. First, we will address the theoretical basis through a brief discussion on short story as literary genre, the rhythm of prose poetry and the view of translation scholars who deal with literary translation, rhythm and prose poetry, namely: Ana Cristina César (1999), Antoine Berman (2007) and Henri Meschonnic (2010). Then we will introduce the life and work of Caio Fernando Abreu, as well as the plot of each story and, along with it, a music inventory of the book studied in this dissertation, since his work is marked by many references to songs and indications that his texts should be read to the sound of a particular singer or song, and his prose brings a series of sound elements common to the poetic language. Then we resume the references to music and divide them into groups, with excerpts followed by their corresponding translations in English. The research has shown that there is a poetic allusion in Abreus prose, an intertextual process marked at times and unmarked in others, in which there are many layers of readings to be discovered and unraveled, which are able to produce tension, dynamize and densify certain facts and effects of the narrative. As for the reflection on the translation into English of Os dragões não conhecem o paraíso, we could clearly see the degree of difficulty common to literary translation, expressed by several factors such as the need to understand the choice made in the source text, the impossibilities of equivalence and the need to make decisions and choices, which always during the translation process

Musical improvisation is an infinite artistic well. It helps the musician to make a personal performance and lets the music reflect the inner feelings. It is a language with which the performer can adapt the formulation to the specific situation. Yet so many have fear and respect when facing the phenomenon. In this study Dan Alkenäs discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using musical improvisation as a pedagogical method in school education. During a semester Alkenäs has, together with music teacher Bitten Löfgren and a group of pupils, studied what results are to be expected when teachers let musical improvisation have a leading role in music lessons. He discusses the creative working environment and the pupils’ ability to put theory into practice. One leading theme is the discussion of the common view of musicality. Alkenäs argues that it is important for a music teacher in a democratic school, with children from different kinds of cultures and backgrounds, to be flexible and adjust the lessons according to the individuals in the group. The study shows that this pedagogy, among other things, has a positive effect on interaction between students with different interest, levels of knowledge and potentials.