In 2018, the Sweden Democrats party has gained 17.5 per cent of the votes during the Swedish general elections. Consequently, with this success, they became the third largest party in the riksdag. However, the party’s rapid growth has created several questions in the political arena and the Swedish society about the party’s ideological affiliations and evolutions. The political scientists, Mudde (2010) and Widfeldt (2008) argue that in order to understand a party’s improvements, it is important to explore a party’s ideological evolution. Scholars have argued that Sweden Democrats have normalized their ideas and values; adopted liberal values in some policy areas in order to attract a large number of voters, succeed and survive in the political system. The aim of this study is to explore the party’s idea/ideology changes since its creation in 1988 until present 2019. Hence, the main purpose is to find out if the core ideologies of the Sweden Democrats - that is nativism, authoritarianism and populism- as expressed in their party programs respectively electoral manifestos, are characterized by continuity or by normalization, and adaptation to liberal values. Using Marie Demker’s (1993) concept of ideology, ideal types for radical right populism and liberalism have been constructed as analytical tool. The study shows that throughout the years, the party’s nativist world view and strategy have been changed and normalized, the authoritarian world view has mainly been constant but the strategy has had major changes; shifted to liberal values, and finally regarding populism; both world view and strategy are characterized by continuity.

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2014年12月的「雨傘運動」中，不時看到「支持本土、以香港為家」的口號和標語，如「自己香港自己救」、「守護香港拒絕沉淪」以及「撐(支持)香港」等等，都反映出年輕一輩對香港的歸屬情感，顯示出本土主義是這場運動論述的核心內涵，意在對抗北京的愛國主義論述，同時也反映出本土意識是目前香港認同與社會集體想像的重要內容。本論文採取文獻分析法，旨在針對透過公共討論中與香港身份認同相關的論述進行脈絡式分析，探討香港身份認同的演變，剖析香港社會自英殖時期至今關於香港人的集體想像。本論文針對英殖管治時期、戰後至回歸、一國兩制實施至今三個主要歷史時期進行研究，探討香港人的集體認同及其演變。本研究結論指出，強調多元族群社會想像的認同論述有助於形塑具包容性的香港本土認同。 / In the 2014 Umbrella Movement, nativism, aimed to contest with the patriotism advocated by Beijing, appeared to be the core of the discourse of the movement. It is embodied in slogans such as ‘Supporting the native; Hong Kong is our home’ and ‘Preserving Hong Kong.’ This reflects the sense of belonging of the Hong Kong youth. Nativism therefore appears to be an important element in the formation of collective identity and social imaginary of Hong Kong. This dissertation, through a contextual analysis of discourses on Hong Kong identity, aims to probe into Hong Kong identity in different historical periods, including the period of British colonial rule, the period from the end of World War Two to the 1997 handover of Hong Kong, and the period when ‘One Country and Two Systems’ is practiced in Hong Kong. In the conclusion, it is argued that the nativist discourse that emphasizes multiethnic social imaginary contributes to the formation of an inclusive form of Hong Kong identity.

Submitted by Daniel de Assis Furtado null (assis27@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-18T12:16:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO B.pdf: 1245681 bytes, checksum: 3a5237603a11d345916941adbc430943 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-08-23T18:42:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 furtado_da_me_arafcl.pdf: 1245681 bytes, checksum: 3a5237603a11d345916941adbc430943 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-23T18:42:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 furtado_da_me_arafcl.pdf: 1245681 bytes, checksum: 3a5237603a11d345916941adbc430943 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo reconhecer os elementos que indicam a construção da imagem de “Paraíso terrestre”, concomitante ao sentimento de nativismo na poesia lírica de Manuel Botelho de Oliveira (1636-1711), especificamente em sua silva “À Ilha de Maré”. Será traçado o panorama histórico-literário em que a obra foi composta, tanto o europeu quanto o brasileiro, assim como revelados alguns dados biográficos do autor, destacando a importância do mesmo para a literatura brasileira então nascente. Em relação ao conteúdo da referida silva, será debatido o topos literário das “ilhas encantadas”, apresentando um cotejo com a maneira como este foi abordado por Camões e pelos frades Manuel de Santa Maria Itaparica e José de Santa Rita Durão, assim como apontamentos sobre a influência que todos esses poetas — Botelho de Oliveira inclusive — receberam de Virgílio e de Ovídio. Esperamos com este trabalho não apenas divulgar a obra dum poeta geralmente ofuscado por seus contemporâneos (Gregório de Matos Guerra e Pe. Antônio Vieira), mas também propor um olhar mais atento a um período histórico-literário cuja importância na formação da identidade brasileira é, por vezes, deixada de lado. / This dissertation aims at recognizing the elements that indicate the construction of the image of "Terrestrial Paradise", concomitant with the feeling of nativism in the lyrical poetry of Manuel Botelho de Oliveira (1636-1711), specifically in his silva "À Ilha de Maré". The historical-literary panorama in which the work was composed, both European and Brazilian, will be traced, as well as some biographical data of the author will be revealed, highlighting his importance to the origins of Brazilian literature. In relation to the content of the silva, the literary topos of the "enchanted islands" will be debated, presenting a comparison with the way it was approached by Camões and the friars Manuel de Santa Maria Itaparica and José de Santa Rita Durão, as well as notes on the influence that all these poets - Botelho de Oliveira inclusive - received from Virgil and Ovid. We hope not only to divulge the work of a poet who is often overshadowed by his contemporaries (Gregório de Matos Guerra and Fr. Antônio Vieira), but also to offer a closer look at a historical-literary period which importance in the formation of Brazilian identity is sometimes set aside. / La presente tesis tiene como objetivo reconocer los elementos que indican la construcción de la imagen del “Paraíso terrenal”, concomitante del sentido de nativismo en la lírica de Manuel Botelho de Oliveira (1636-1711), específicamente en su silva “À Ilha de Maré”. Se trazará la escena histórica-literaria en que se hizo el trabajo, ambas europea como brasileña, así como revelado algunos datos personales del autor, resaltando la importancia de ello para la incipiente literatura brasileña. En relación con la silva, se discutirá lo topos literario de las “islas encantadas”, comparando con la forma en que este fue abordado por Camões y los frailes Manuel Santa Maria Itaparica y José de Santa Rita Durão, así como notas sobre la influencia que todos estos poetas — incluido Botelho de Oliveira —recibieron de Virgilio y de Ovidio. Confiamos que este trabajo no sólo publicite la obra de un poeta generalmente eclipsado por sus contemporáneos (Gregorio de Matos Guerra, y el P. Antônio Vieira), sino también proponga una mirada más cercana a un período histórico-literario cuya importancia en la constitución de la identidad brasileña a veces es dejada de lado.

This study examines the discrimination against Japanese immigrants in U.S. naturalization law up to 1952 and how it was covered in the Oregonian newspaper, one of the oldest and most widely read newspapers on the West Coast. The anti-Japanese movement was much larger in California, but this paper focuses on the attitudes in Oregon, which at times echoed sentiments in California but at other times conveyed support for Japanese naturalization. Naturalization laws at the turn of the century were vague, leaving the task of defining who was white, and thus eligible for naturalization, to the courts. Japanese applicants were often denied, but until the federal government clarified which immigrants could or could not become citizens, the subject remained open to debate. "Ineligibility to naturalization" was often used as a code for "Japanese" in discriminatory land use laws and similar legislation at the state level in California and in other western states. This study highlights several factors which influenced Oregonian editorials on the subject. First, the fear of offending Japan and provoking war with that empire was a foremost concern of Oregonian editors. California's moves to use naturalization law to prevent Japanese immigrants from owning land were seen as dangerous because they damaged relations with Japan and could lead to war. The Oregonian went so far as to recommend Japanese naturalization during the First World War. However, war and foreign relations were federal issues, thus the second theme seen throughout Oregonian editorials was deference to federal authority on questions related to naturalization. While suggesting that naturalization for existing immigrants might be good policy, the Oregonian urged the federal government to settle the matter. Once the Supreme Court ruled against Asian naturalization in 1922 and 1923, the Oregonian dropped its push for such rights. Nativism was another theme that influenced opinions at this time, and before 1923 the Oregonian generally opposed extreme nativist positions, while at the same time advocating for limits to Japanese immigration and against mixed marriages. This paper does not deal with the incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II because naturalization was not the issue for the anti-exclusion movement at the time. Citizenship did not give the Nisei, second generation Japanese American citizens, any protection against their wartime removal from the West Coast. This study returns to the issue of naturalization for Japanese immigrants after the war, as a number of Issei, first generation Japanese immigrants, still lived in the United States but were denied citizenship, even though most had been in the country for decades at that point. There was less opposition to Japanese naturalization after the war due to the noted loyalty of the Japanese during the war, the focus on human rights as an issue promoted by the new United Nations, and Cold War politics which demanded better relations with Japan and thus fairer treatment of Japanese living in the United States. The Oregonian editorials reflected the shift in public opinion throughout the country in favor of lifting the racial bar to citizenship. Japanese Americans in Oregon were active in the campaign to change U.S. naturalization law. The issue was more important to the Japanese American community than it was to the Oregonian editorial board by then, as other Cold War events took precedence on the front and op-ed pages of the newspaper.

The 2022 Italian election was won by the populist radical right party Fratelli d’Italia. The party's large increase from the previous election is of interest as radical right-wing populist parties are growing around Europe. A qualitative case study was conducted based on framing theory and the factors that are of interest to voters from a populist perspective. In conclusion, Fratelli d'Italia succeeded in increasing its voter support by pursuing a policy with clear nationalism, strong leadership, and a large presence on social media as well as traditional media, which resulted in their message reaching voters in several different socioeconomic groups. Fratelli d'Italia clearly presents itself as a right-wing populist party both based on their election manifesto as well as based on what they present in the various factors from which the analysis was based.

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This thesis’ purpose is to demonstrate, via the examination of popular youth literature (primarily pulp magazines and comic books) from the 1920s through to the 1950s, that the stories found therein drew their definitions of heroism and villainy from an overarching, nativist fear of outsiders that had existed before the Great War, but intensified afterwards. These depictions were transferred to America’s “new” enemies following both the United States’ entry into the Second World War, as well as the early stages of the Cold War. This transference of nativist imagery left behind the ethnically-based origins of such depictions, showing that racism was not the sole and simple reason for such exaggerated visages. A process of change, in regards to America’s nativist sentiment, so virulent after the First World War, will be explained by way of the popular, inexpensive escapism of the time, the pulp magazines and comic books of the early to mid-twentieth century.

The dissertation deals with immigration policy of the United States toward illegal immigration from Mexico during the presidency of George W. Bush. It aims to answer the question whether the policy had at all changed when compared to the previous administrations, and whether the terrorist attacks from 9/11 had any effect on the issue. The paper also discusses reasons why comprehensive immigration reform has not been accepted yet. In order to answer those questions, the thesis analyzes American perception of immigrants and characterizes interests of pressure groups and political parties in immigration.

This thesis examine the cultural interaction between Anishinabe people, who lived in what is now southern Ontario, and the Loyalists, Euroamerican settlers who moved north from the United States during and after the American Revolution. Starting with an analysis of Anishinabe cultural history before the settlement era the thesis argues that Anishinabe spirituality was not traditionalist. Rather it inclined its practitioners to search for new knowledge. Further, Anishinabe ethics in this period were determined corporately based on the immediate needs and expectations of individual communities. As such, Anishinabe ethics were quite separate from Anishinabe spiritual teachings. Between 1760 and 1815, the Anishinabe living north of the Great Lakes participated in pan-Native resistance movements to the south. The spiritual leaders of these movements, sometimes called nativists, taught that tradition was an important religious virtue and that cultural integration was dangerous and often immoral. These nativist teachings entered the northern Anishinabe cultural matrix and lived alongside earlier hierarchies of virtue that identified integration and change as virtues. When Loyalist Methodists presented their teachings to the Anishinabeg in the early nineteenth century their words filtered through both sets of teachings and found purchase in the minds of many influential leaders. Such leaders quickly convinced members of their communities to take up the Methodist practices and move to agricultural villages. For a few brief years in the 1830s these villages achieved financial success and the Anishinabe Methodist leaders achieved real social status in both Anishinabe and Euroamerican colonial society. By examining the first generation of Anishinabe Methodists who practiced between 1823 and 1840, I argue that many Anishinabe people adopted Christianity as new wisdom suitable for refitting their existing cultural traditions to a changed cultural environment. Chiefs such as Peter Jones (Kahkewahquonaby), and their followers, found that Methodist teachings cohered with major tenets of their own traditions, and also promoted bimadziwin, or health and long life, for their communities. Finally, many Anishinabe people believed that the basic moral injunctions of their own tradition compelled them to adopt Methodism because of its potential to promote bimadziwin. / Thesis (Ph.D, History) -- Queen's University, 2008-07-17 13:59:23.833