The aim of this study was to determine how nurses manage the nutritional care of children under the age of five years at the primary healthcare level. A quantitative approach with an explorative descriptive design was used. A self-administered questionnaire and was used to collect data. The population was 34 professional nurses working in the child health sections of 16 clinics, all of whom were accessible, but one did not respond. Ten out of the target population were also observed using an observational checklist. Findings show lack of proper implementation of Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) guidelines and incorrect use of the Road-to-Health booklet. Secondly, the nurses at the child healthcare section had a high workload or had little experience in child care. The need for more emphasis on nutrition during IMCI training and the re-orientation of nurses on the optimal use of the Road-to-Health booklet were identified. / Master of Public Health (MPH) / Health Studies

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:06:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5090.pdf: 2622386 bytes, checksum: efb13371116d8185c23b86079eb4237c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-21 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The present paper studies the yield curve, an important tool for financial decisions, due to its fundamental role in the implementation and evaluation of monetary policies by the central banks. It also shows market perspectives in relation to the future development of interest rates, inflation and economical activities. Using an adequate model and a reasoned assessment of its parameters enables us to adjust the curve as far as possible to the real curve and hence obtain most precise and trustful results. These results were acquired by studying a model which was developed in 1987 by Nelson and Siegel and used to draw up the yield curve. Considering the model s limitations, diferent methods were used to attain the estimated parameters, such as Ordinary Least Squares, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference in the static version. The Nelson-Siegel model is widely used in Brazil and in the rest of the world, due to its economical idea, easy implementation and eficient adjustment into diferent formats that the yield curve is able to deal with. By considering the restrictions of the model, we found estimations for the parameters of the model safer than other and besides, the main point of this work is an estimation form of parameters of time together with others parameters of the model without considering one fixed value for it. / O objeto de estudo deste trabalho é a curva de taxas de juros, uma importante ferramenta utilizada em decisões financeiras, pois desempenha um papel fundamental na implementação e avaliação de políticas monetárias pelos bancos centrais. Assim sendo, indica as expectativas do mercado quanto ao comportamento futuro das taxas de juros, inflação e atividade econômica. A utilização de um bom modelo e uma boa estimação dos parâmetros do mesmo nos permite representar a curva ajustada o mais próximo da curva real, dessa forma, conseguimos encontrar resultados mais precisos e confiáveis. Neste trabalho estudamos o modelo utilizado para construção das curvas de taxas de juros desenvolvido em 1987 por Nelson e Siegel (1987) e métodos, considerando as restrições do modelo, para obtermos as estimativas dos parâmetros (Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários, Máxima Verossimilhança e Inferência Bayesiana) na vers~ao estática. O modelo de Nelson e Siegel apresenta grande aplicação tanto no Brasil quanto no restante do mundo, pois ele apresenta como características seu caráter parcimonioso nos parâmetros, sua fácil implementação e ajuste eficiente nos diversos formatos que a curva de taxas de juros pode assumir. Por considerarmos as restrições do modelo, encontramos estimativas para os parâmetros do modelo mais seguras e além disso, como principal contribuição deste trabalho, temos uma forma de estimação do parâmetro de tempo conjuntamente com os demais parâmetros do modelo, sem considerar apenas um valor fixo para ele.

Esta pesquisa trata de artes visuais e artes gráficas no Rio Grande do Sul na primeira metade do século XX, tomando como objeto de estudo livros ilustrados por artistas plásticos e com selo da Editora Globo. São analisadas as obras e trajetórias dos três principais artistas ligados à antiga Seção de Desenho da empresa: João Fahrion, Edgar Koetz e Nelson Boeira Faedrich. Envolvendo um amplo levantamento historiográfico e de fontes primárias até então não sistematizadas, a tese apresenta e contextualiza as inovações presentes na obra gráfica desses artistas, discute de que forma tal experiência influenciou suas poéticas (voltadas principalmente à pintura e à gravura), bem como seus reflexos na constituição de uma modernidade visual no Estado. / This research deals with visual and graphic arts in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul in the first half of the twentieth century. Books illustrated by plastic artists and published by Editora Globo are studied here. The works and paths of the three main artists associated with the Company’s old Drawing Section are analyzed; they are João Fahrion, Edgar Koetz, and Nelson Boeira Faedrich. A wide historiographic survey is carried out, including primary sources never systematized before. The innovations in the graphic work of those three artists are presented and contextualized. The way in which that innovative experience influenced those artists’ poetics (turned mainly on painting and illustration) is discussed, as well as its effects on building a visual modernity in Rio Grande do Sul.

This thesis addresses the relationship between Cinema, Literature and History from the filmic adaptations of São Bernardo and Vidas Secas - literary Graciliano Ramos brought to the screen by filmmakers Hirszman Leon (1973) and Nelson Pereira dos Santos (1963), respectively. The writer and the filmmakers, through their aesthetic and political positions, sought to build their works through discussions that pointed to the projects, world views and ideals of non-hegemonic social categories, showing a Brazil multifaceted and heterogeneous. To realize these positions we try to capture its relations with the various proposals of realism and the left over the adaptation, production and reception of the books and movies, as each of the authors not only sought to build his criticism of propositions and policies of the hegemonic social categories, as advocated in his own way, aesthetic and political positions parallel, but not necessarily identical in seeking to represent Brazil. / Esta tese aborda a relação entre Cinema, Literatura e História a partir das adaptações fílmicas de São Bernardo e Vidas Secas - obras literárias de Graciliano Ramos levadas à tela pelos cineastas Leon Hirszman (1973) e Nelson Pereira dos Santos (1963), respectivamente. O escritor e os cineastas, pelas suas posições estéticas e políticas, procuraram edificar suas obras por meio de discussões que apontassem para os projetos, visões de mundo e ideais das categorias sociais não hegemônicas, mostrando um Brasil multifacetado e heterogêneo. Para perceber essas posições procuramos captar suas relações com as variadas propostas do realismo e das esquerdas ao longo da adaptação, produção e recepção dos livros e dos filmes, pois cada um buscou construir sua crítica às proposições e políticas das categorias sociais hegemônicas, assim como defendeu, a seu modo, posições estéticas e políticas paralelas, mas não necessariamente idênticas na busca por representar o Brasil. / Doutor em História

Esta pesquisa trata de artes visuais e artes gráficas no Rio Grande do Sul na primeira metade do século XX, tomando como objeto de estudo livros ilustrados por artistas plásticos e com selo da Editora Globo. São analisadas as obras e trajetórias dos três principais artistas ligados à antiga Seção de Desenho da empresa: João Fahrion, Edgar Koetz e Nelson Boeira Faedrich. Envolvendo um amplo levantamento historiográfico e de fontes primárias até então não sistematizadas, a tese apresenta e contextualiza as inovações presentes na obra gráfica desses artistas, discute de que forma tal experiência influenciou suas poéticas (voltadas principalmente à pintura e à gravura), bem como seus reflexos na constituição de uma modernidade visual no Estado. / This research deals with visual and graphic arts in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul in the first half of the twentieth century. Books illustrated by plastic artists and published by Editora Globo are studied here. The works and paths of the three main artists associated with the Company’s old Drawing Section are analyzed; they are João Fahrion, Edgar Koetz, and Nelson Boeira Faedrich. A wide historiographic survey is carried out, including primary sources never systematized before. The innovations in the graphic work of those three artists are presented and contextualized. The way in which that innovative experience influenced those artists’ poetics (turned mainly on painting and illustration) is discussed, as well as its effects on building a visual modernity in Rio Grande do Sul.

This work of historical- sociological aims to investigate, by means of collective memory and cinema, the process of formation of two distinct memories that have acquired a specific link through the process of developing the feature film Vidas Secas, 1963. First we have the formation of a cultural and political memory of film makers of the first phase of Cinema Novo ,which were greatly impacted after completion of the film , and then the memory of the former in habitants of the municipality of Minador Negrão , located inside Alagoas , who had interests in the filming process performed in the years 1962 and 1963 . It is through the union of film analysis and reconstruction of collective memory of a specific group, a reflection on the influence of visual culture was performed. Looking elucidate how and from which experiments were constructed memories of cinemanovistas , based on the concept of romantic - revolutionary brazilianness wrought by sociologist Marcelo Ridenti , and other measure to the residents of the small settlement during the drafting process of the film . Backed by the collective memory, sociology and film, it was possible to enhance the different nuances that forged some changes in the social memory of the locals when they started to have a direct contact with the crew filming. The argument that I used still moves between three different points during the purchase link text. First the importance the northeastern hinterland took in building a specific narrative that formed the genesis of the then Cinema Novo , a second point also analyzed back to the creation of the filmic plot of Nelson Pereira dos Santos from the literary work Graciliano Ramos , ending with a discussion involving the memory of old residents through interviews and reports . To this end, interviews with six residents who helped in the creation process of the film were used. Through them we tried to access the memories and events occurring during that period, characteristics of everyday filming the adaptation of the population with actors and filmmaker, scenes and places chosen for key scenes. These aspects were the subject of our study, which found in the collective memory and social interaction process initiated at the time its main empirical and analytical resource. / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho de cunho histórico-sociológico se propôs a investigar, por meio da memória coletiva e do cinema, o processo de formação de duas memórias distintas que adquiriram uma específica ligação através do processo de elaboração do longa-metragem Vidas Secas de 1963. Primeiramente temos a formação de uma memória cultural e política dos cineastas da primeira fase do Cinema Novo, os quais foram extremamente impactados após a conclusão do filme, e em seguida a memória dos antigos moradores do município de Minador do Negrão, situado no interior de Alagoas, que tiveram participações no processo de filmagens realizado nos anos de 1962 e 1963. É através da união entre a análise fílmica e a reconstrução da memória coletiva de um grupo específico, que foi realizada uma reflexão acerca da influência da cultura audiovisual. Procurando elucidar como e a partir de quais experiências foram construídas as memórias dos cinemanovistas, tomando por base o conceito de brasilidade romântico-revolucionária forjado pelo sociólogo Marcelo Ridenti, e em outra medida a dos moradores do pequeno povoado durante o processo de elaboração do filme. Tendo como suporte a memória coletiva, a sociologia e o cinema, foi possível evidenciar as diferentes nuances que forjaram algumas mudanças na memória social dos moradores da região quando estes passaram a ter um contato direto com a equipe técnica de filmagens. A argumentação que utilizei transita ainda entre três pontos distintos que adquirem ligação no decorrer do texto.Primeiramente a importância que o sertão nordestino assumiu na construção de uma narrativa específica que formou a gênese do então Cinema Novo; um segundo ponto também analisado voltasse para a criação do enredo fílmico de Nelson Pereira dos Santos a partir da obra literária de Graciliano Ramos, finalizando com uma discussão envolvendo a memória dos antigos moradores por meio de entrevistas e relatos. Para tanto, foram utilizadas entrevistas feitas com seis moradores que ajudaram no processo de criação do filme.Através delas buscou-se acessar as lembranças e fatos ocorridos naquele período, características do cotidiano das filmagens, a adaptação da população com atores e cineasta, bastidores e locais escolhidos para as cenas principais. Estes aspectos foram alvo de nosso trabalho, que encontrou na memória coletiva e no processo de interação social desencadeado na época seu principal recurso empírico e analítico.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mabile C Cazela.pdf: 2615891 bytes, checksum: aaa34152747f9df0fc1b4471e5fc659e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The central theme of this research is social work as a profession, should involve a discussion of the theoretical and methodological foundations that gave rise to the ethical principles of the Code of Ethics and Professional Ethical-Political Project. Therefore, delimited form, the research problem is expressed by the following question: what is the influence of the Marxist tradition through intellectual production of Carlos Nelson Coutinho in the construction of the ethical principles set out in the Code of Professional Ethics (a) Social Worker 1993? The objectives of this research from the problem posed were: historically contextualize the objective conditions for the emergence of the concept of ethical-political project in the Brazilian Social Service and the reformulation process of the Professional Code of Ethics (a) Social Worker 1993; recover the work of Carlos Nelson Coutinho and its relationship with the Brazilian Social Service; grasp the theoretical and methodological foundations of the ethical principles set out in the Code of Professional Ethics (a) Social Worker 1993, identifying the elements (concepts or categories) that show the influences of his thinking. Based on exploratory research through literature and field research were interviewed five social workers who formed the 'National Technical Commission for Revision of the Code of Professional Ethics', the interviews were based on a common roadmap. These were recorded, transcribed and analyzed. This paper presents the explanatory links developed from this study object. Linked to the line of research Fundamentals of Social Services, the Graduate Program in Social UNIOESTE Service, counted on the support of CAPES, through scholarships, favoring the objective conditions of realization of this present study. Finally, this paper qualitatively contributes to consolidation of knowledge in the field of Historical Foundations and Theoretical and Methodological of Social Work in Brazil. / O tema central da presente pesquisa é o Serviço Social como profissão, devendo envolver um debate sobre os fundamentos teórico-metodológicos que dão origem aos princípios éticos do Código de Ética e ao Projeto Ético-Político Profissional. Para tanto, de forma delimitada, o problema da pesquisa expressa-se pela seguinte questão: qual a influência da tradição marxista através da produção intelectual de Carlos Nelson Coutinho na construção dos princípios éticos definidos no Código de Ética Profissional do(a) Assistente Social de 1993? Os objetivos da presente investigação a partir do problema colocado foram: contextualizar historicamente as condições objetivas para a emergência da concepção de projeto ético-político no Serviço Social brasileiro e do processo de reformulação do Código de Ética Profissional do(a) Assistente Social de 1993; recuperar a obra de Carlos Nelson Coutinho e sua relação com o Serviço Social brasileiro; apreender os fundamentos teórico-metodológicos dos princípios éticos definidos no Código de Ética Profissional do(a) Assistente Social de 1993, identificando os elementos (conceitos ou categorias) que evidenciam a influências de seu pensamento. Baseada na pesquisa exploratória, através da pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, foram entrevistados cinco Assistentes Sociais que compuseram a Comissão Técnica Nacional de Reformulação do Código de Ética Profissional , as entrevistas basearam-se em um roteiro comum. Essas foram gravadas, posteriormente transcritas e analisadas. O presente trabalho apresenta os nexos explicativos desenvolvidos a partir do presente objeto de estudo. Vinculada à linha de pesquisa Fundamentos do Serviço Social, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social da UNIOESTE, contou-se com o apoio da CAPES, através de bolsa de estudo, favorecendo as condições objetivas de realização desta presente pesquisa. Finalmente, o presente trabalho contribui qualitativamente no adensamento do conhecimento no campo dos Fundamentos Históricos e Teórico-Metodológicos do Serviço Social no Brasil.

Despite the array of polices adopted to address the housing issue in South Africa in the post ’94’ dispensation, South Africa in 2015 remains riddled with the same housing challenges as at 1994 even despite the significant improvements that have been achieved. Subsidised housing projects completed between 1994 and 2004 are characterised by poor design, poor quality, late delivery, poor location, and spatial marginalisation. To address these shortfalls, the Department of Human Settlements adopted the Breaking New Ground (BNG) principles in 2004 and the housing code of 2009 to mitigate shortfalls in the provision of low cost housing and thereby creating sustainable human settlements. It was in such context that this study sought to assess whether the BNG and housing code of 2009 was implemented in the building of the low-cost houses of the Wells Estate Human Settlement in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM), constructed post-2004. An exploratory study using both the quantitative and qualitative data collection methods was used to conduct the study. A questionnaire with open and closed questions was used to collect data. To complement the use of the questionnaire, transect walks were also undertaken. The findings of the study were that; firstly: The majority of the beneficiaries belonged to the productive age that is between 18 and 60; Wells Estate depicts a pre ‘94 spatial planning given its peripheral location there by affecting cost to work and job searching; The quality of houses complied with the tenets of the BNG and housing code of 2009; Access to services and facilities like police station, community halls, clinics, and schools remained a challenge because their availability is determined by the population size and utilisation rate, and Access to socio economic opportunities was still a challenge. The beneficiaries of Wells Estate even in the case for businesses owned this; these were for subsistence only such as street vending, shoe repairing, and painting. Given the above findings, the study recommends that: There is need to focus on human capital development through skill development to the productive age group which is unemployed. With skills, the unemployed have an opportunity to look for employment thereby improving their livelihoods; The provision of housing alone cannot alleviate the socio-economic challenges affecting the poor, however there is a need for a multi-pronged approach to address other socioeconomic determinants such as access to employment and education, and There is need to for a collaboration approach between the NMBM and other government departments for instance with the Department of Basic Education for scholar transport.

The students are the future economic backbone of the country and it is essential that measures are taken to reduce the number of new HIV infections in this segment of the population. Free voluntary counselling and testing for HIV was introduced at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University as one of the prevention strategies to curb the spread of HIV. This service has grown steadily over the years but strategies need to be formulated and implemented to improve the existing service and thereby increase the utilisation of the testing service. This treatise takes the form of an investigative survey involving literature review and a survey of all the individuals who utilised the VCT service over a three month period. The author has attempted to portray the general views and best practices of experts in the field of VCT service delivery. The identified best practices were used as an assessment tool to determine to what extent the VCT service at the NMMU complies with national and international standards. The quantification of these insights must be viewed with caution since the survey sample was relatively low due to time constraints. It has been shown that the VCT service at the NMMU largely complies with national and international standards although several recommendations have been presented for consideration.

This research provides insight into the use of social networks and social media by students at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. The primary purpose of this research is to investigate student social media practices at NMMU to establish the reasons for students engaging in social media. A growing number of educators acknowledge the potential of social networking to (re)engage learners with their studies, while others fear that such practices compromise and disrupt student engagement with traditional education provision (Selwyn, 2009). This study, therefore, aims to identify how and for what reasons students use social networks and social media. This study attempts to provide answers to the following research questions: For which social networking sites do students register and actively engage in? What is the most popular social networking site for students? How often do students engage in social media practices? What is the main purpose for students engaging in social media practices? How do students gain access to social media? For what educational purposes can social media be used? For which business purposes can social media be used? Do students use social media to collaborate with peers and lecturers? Do students use social media to make buying decisions? The literature overview was conducted on social media and social networks from journals and books published between the periods 2003 to 2011 as the popularity of social media came to the forefront during this period. Topics researched included social networks and libraries, educational and business uses of social networking and social media. A quantitative study was considered to be most appropriate to conduct the research for this study; and non-probability sampling was the most appropriate given the size of the population and the nature of this research. xiv Students were invited to participate in the research by completing and submitting a survey questionnaire at the conclusion of their lectures in the second semester during the month of September. The data collected was then analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics to provide insight into student use of social media. The results would determine if relationships exist between the independent variables from the questionnaire, namely, age, gender, campus and course enrolment and the dependent factors, namely, usage, information exchange and security. This relationship would be determined for both the perceptions of social networking in general and the perceptions of NMMU social networking. These results are then used to identify further areas of research in the future. The majority of the population sample was between the ages of 17 and 21 and primarily females. The sample typically became aware of social media by means of word-of-mouth and accesses their social networking site/s more than five times a day. The main reason for registering and joining social networking sites was for social purposes. Furthermore, the sample used social networking sites for entertainment, social involvement, meeting new friends and maintaining relationships. The sample agreed that social networking makes information searching easier. The majority of the sample indicated that they were not registered on any NMMU Social Networking sites of the university or any faculty, department or unit social networking sites at the NMMU. However, it was clear that the majority of students was registered on social networking sites of some sort and would continue to use social networking and social media. The results from the study indicated that the mean value for the perceptions of social media in general were greater than that of the perceptions of NMMU social media in terms of usage. Likewise, the mean value for the perceptions of social networking in general was also greater than that of the perceptions of NMMU Social Networking for information exchange but the difference were very small. However, the mean value for the perceptions of NMMU Social Networking showed a greater mean value than that of the perceptions of social networking in general in terms of security. This means that respondents used social networking in general more than NMMU Social Networking. xv However, the respondents perceived NMMU Social Networking sites to be more secure than social networking sites in general. The results of this study could provide Higher Education Institutions in South Africa with the impetus to use social networks and social media to enhance students‟ learning experiences.