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Analýza politické strany NEOS / Analysis of the political party NEOSHainz, Philip Armin January 2018 (has links)
The NEOS is a new political party that entered political system of Austria in 2013. It has succeeded in entering the lower house of parliament, elections to European Parliament and some provincial elections. The party created its party institutions, gained a base of members and entered into the general consciousness of voters. Its position and the evolution of its position in the future are the most important questions of this thesis. Typologically, we could call it a political party of new kind. NEOSs' way of functioning and code of rules are interesting. Its structure and way of acting is quite different comparing it to longer established parties in Austria. The party joined Austrian political system at the moment when it was undergoing the greatest changes since 1945. Thus it should be matter of interest to study this political party.
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Avalia??o da prefer?ncia alimentar de Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835) e infec??o por Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909), num fragmento de floresta em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, BrasilSantos J?nior, Jos? Eloy dos 23 March 2007 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2007-03-23 / O triatom?neo Panstrongylus megistus ? um dos mais importantes vetores na transmiss?o secund?ria da doen?a de Chagas no Brasil. Nos estados do sul, esta esp?cie ocorre principalmente em ec?topos silvestres, ao contr?rio de Minas Gerais, Bahia e algumas ?reas da regi?o nordeste, onde ? encontrado em ec?topos artificiais, apresentando maior valor epidemiol?gico. O presente estudo buscou avaliar os ?ndices de infec??o por Trypanosoma cruzi em P. megistus e no gamb?, Didelphis albiventris, o mais importante reservat?rio silvestre do protozo?rio, bem como as fontes alimentares utilizadas por estes insetos. A ?rea de coleta est? inserida em um fragmento de floresta, localizado no bairro Ponta Grossa, zona periurbana do munic?pio de Porto Alegre. As coletas ocorreram entre outubro de 2005 e setembro de 2006, onde foram investigados anexos no peridomic?lio e tocas, principalmente de gamb?s, no ambiente silvestre. Para o encontro das tocas utilizaram-se as t?cnicas de carretel de rastreamento e transecto. Os transectos foram tra?ados no sentido norte sul do fragmento, considerando tocas encontradas at? 5 metros da linha estipulada. A infec??o dos gamb?s foi determinada por xenodiagn?stico e a amostra de T. cruzi caracterizada por rea??o de polimeriza??o em cadeia (PCR). A an?lise de fonte alimentar dos barbeiros coletados foi realizada atrav?s do teste de preciptina. Os P. megistus adultos foram capturados apenas no ambiente peridomiciliar. Dos 33 encontrados, 28 foram analisados e 18 (64%) estavam infectados por T. cruzi. Os triatom?neos foram observados de outubro a fevereiro e o m?s de dezembro foi o de maior ocorr?ncia. A amostragem do ambiente natural indicou 61 tocas, sendo que, no total, 10 (16%) apresentaram ninfas ou vest?gios de barbeiros. A presen?a do barbeiro foi constatada somente em tocas de ?rvores, o que indica uma prefer?ncia arbor?cola da esp?cie. Nestas tocas foram obtidas 27 ninfas, onde 19 (73%), das 26 analisadas, estavam infectadas por T. cruzi. Entre os 43 gamb?s capturados, 39 foram analisados e 27 (69%) estavam infectados pelo protozo?rio. A an?lise de preciptina resultou em sete fontes alimentares utilizadas pelos barbeiros adultos: ave (13/28 46,4%), roedor (8/28 28,6%), gamb? (4/28 14,3%), tatu (3/28 10,7%), gato (3/28 10,7%), c?o (3/28 10,7%) e lagarto (2/28 7,1%); e seis associadas a ninfas: ave (12/26 46,2%), roedor (9/26 34,6 %), gamb? (7/26 26,9%), tatu (1/26 3,8%), cavalo (1/26 3,8%) e boi (1/26 3,8%). O n?mero de fontes alimentares encontradas indica o ecletismo alimentar tanto em ninfas como em adulto de P. megistus. Os altos ?ndices de infec??o por T. cruzi encontrados, tanto nos barbeiros como nos gamb?s, e a presen?a de ninfas alimentadas em gamb?s nos ocos de ?rvores do ambiente natural, indicam que ambos os indiv?duos s?o respons?veis pela manuten??o do ciclo silvestre do protozo?rio no local. A aus?ncia de col?nias peridomiciliares e a semelhan?a entre as fontes alimentares dos adultos e das ninfas mostram a baixa tend?ncia invasiva da esp?cie no local, possivelmente devido ao estado de preserva??o da mata somado ao clima ?mido.
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Ecologia de larvas infectantes de ciatostom?neos (Nematoda Cyathostominae) de eq?inos, em gram?nea coast cross (Cynodon dactylon) irrigada e n?o irrigada em Serop?dica, RJ, Brasil / The effect of irrigation in ecology of cyathostomin infective larvae (Nematoda Cyathostominae) of horses, in Bermuda grass pasture (Cynodon dactylon) in Serop?dica, RJ, Brazil.Chambarelli, Melissa Carvalho Machado do Couto 29 February 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008-02-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The knowledge of cyathostomin infective larvae population level presents onto pasture is
important to epidemiological purposes, estimating parasitic risk infection to horses and
helping on setting up integrated control programs. The present study was elaborated in three
parts: first is about the migratory dynamic and survival of cyathostomin infective larvae on
Bermuda grass pasture for 12 months. Feces and grass samples were collected weekly at 8
a.m., 1 p.m. and 5 p.m. The samples were weighted and processed by Baermann technique.
Higher survival of L3 was found at dry season, 15 and 12 weeks on feces and sward
respectively, at rainy season the survival was smaller. The infective larvae were recovered
during three times and the Kruskal-Wallis test did not present significance among them. At
the second part, the ecology of cyathostomin infective larvae was studied for 24 months.
During this period, samples of feces and grass (apex and base) were collected weekly.
Samples were processed the same way as in the first part of the study. In the feces,
cyathostomin L3 survived for up to 15 weeks, with higher recovery during the rainy period
(46,228 kg-1.dh) and on the grass for up to 12 weeks. The recovery of L3 was greater during
the dry period in the grass base (1,868 kg-1.dh) rather than in the apex (809 kg-1.dh). The L3
migration from feces to grass varied during the period. The last part of the study is about the
effect of irrigation on cyathostomin infective larvae migration in Bermuda grass pasture
during the four seasons of the year. Fecal masses of naturally infected horses were placed on
Bermuda grass pasture at the beginning of each season. Samples of feces and grass were
collected every two weeks at 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. until the end of each season from
September/2007 to September/2008. Samples were processed the same way as in the first part
of the study. The Kruskal-Wallis non parametric test showed a significant difference for L3
recovery in each season. The test did not present significance between the two times
sampling. These results suggest that in conditions of Baixada Fluminense tropical climate
horses are in permanent risk of infection. / O conhecimento do grau de contamina??o das pastagens pelas larvas infectantes de
ciatostom?neos ? importante para os prop?sitos epidemiol?gicos, determinando o risco de
infec??o para os eq?inos e podendo tamb?m auxiliar no estabelecimento de estrat?gias de
controle integrado. O estudo foi elaborado em tr?s partes: a primeira relata o estudo da
din?mica migrat?ria e a sobreviv?ncia de larvas infectantes de ciatostom?neos em pastagem
coast cross durante 12 meses. Para este estudo foram coletados amostras de fezes e
gram?nea com intervalos regulares de sete dias em tr?s hor?rios diferentes (8, 13 e 17 horas).
As amostras foram pesadas e processadas segundo a t?cnica de Baermann. A sobreviv?ncia
das L3 foi de at? 15 semanas nas fezes e 12 semanas na gram?nea no per?odo seco e de nove e
oito semanas respectivamente para o per?odo chuvoso. No per?odo chuvoso, maior n?mero de
L3 foi recuperado nas fezes e no per?odo seco na gram?nea. N?o foi observada diferen?a
significativa entre os hor?rios de coleta pela an?lise n?o param?trica de Kruskal-Wallis. Na
segunda parte experimental foi estudada a ecologia das larvas infectantes de ciatostom?neos
por 24 meses. Durante este per?odo, foram realizados coletas semanais de fezes e gram?nea
(?pice e base). O processamento das amostras seguiu o mesmo protocolo realizado na
primeira parte do experimento. Nas fezes as L3 sobreviveram por at? 15 semanas, ocorrendo
uma maior recupera??o das larvas durante o per?odo chuvoso (46.228 kg-1.ms). Na gram?nea,
a sobreviv?ncia foi de at? 12 semanas. A recupera??o das L3 foi mais intensa durante o
per?odo seco na base (1.868 kg-1.ms) e no ?pice (809 kg-1.ms) da gram?nea. A migra??o das L3
das fezes para a gram?nea variou durante todo o per?odo. A ?ltima parte do estudo observou a
migra??o de larvas infectantes de ciatostom?neos em pastagem coast cross irrigada e n?o
irrigada durante as quatro esta??es do ano. Massas fecais, de eq?inos naturalmente infectados
foram depositadas nos canteiros de coast cross no in?cio de cada esta??o.A amostragem de
fezes e gram?nea foi realizada quinzenalmente em dois hor?rios distintos (8 e 17 horas) at? o
final de cada esta??o, no per?odo de setembro/2007 a setembro/2008. O processamento das
amostras foi o mesmo descrito na primeira parte experimental. O teste n?o param?trico de
Kruskal Wallis evidenciou uma diferen?a significativa na recupera??o de larvas infectantes
entre as esta??es do ano. N?o foi observada uma varia??o significativa na recupera??o de L3
nos diferentes hor?rios de coleta. Os resultados sugerem que em condi??es tropicais de
Baixada Fluminense, RJ os animais est?o em permanente risco de infec??o.
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Influ?ncia sazonal na din?mica migrat?ria e sobreviv?ncia de larvas infectantes de ciatostom?neos de eq?inos em gram?nea Tifton 85 na Baixada Fluminense, RJ. / Seasonal influence in migratory dynamic and survival of cyathostomin infective larvae of equine in Tifton 85 pasture in Baixada Fluminense, RJ, Brazil.Bezerra, Simone Quinelato 29 February 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008-02-29 / The knowledge of biology and epidemiology of cyathostomin free living stages have been
helping the development of control programs that limitis anthelmintic use. However little is
known about environmental larvae dynamics, mainly in tropical climate. Studies about
pasture contamination can help to estimate parasitic risks for animals and to set up integrate
control programs. The present study was elaborated in three complemented parts: first, it was
evaluated the distribution, recovery and survival of cyatostomin infective larvae of equines in
feces and pasture during 15 months. Fecal samples were monthly placed on Tifton 85
(Cynodon spp. cv. Tifton 85) pasture, from september of 2003 to september of 2004. Grass
and feces were collected weekly, at 8 a.m., 1 and 5 p.m. and processed by Baermann
technique. The results indicate that the environmental conditions were favorable for L3
development and survival. In feces, more L3 was recovered during the rainy period and on the
grass in dry period. L3 survival was higher in the dry period for feces and grass samples. L3
were recovered during the three times of collection and no significant difference was observed
among three times. The second part was more wide-ranging and approaches the distribution,
recovery and survival of cyathostomin infective larvae in feces and pasture for february 2005
to march 2007. Seven days after the deposit, sample of feces and grass were collected weekly
at 8 a.m., 1 p.m. and 5p.m., from three different field sites. Grass sample was divided into
base (0-20 cm) and apex (20-40 cm). The samples were processed by the Baermann technique
for L3 recovery. In the rainy period, more infective larvae were recovered on the feces and
grass apex. In the dry period, the recovery was higher only on the grass base, as well as the L3
survival on feces and grass. More larvae were recovered at 8 a.m., except from the grass apex,
where the highest recovery was at 1 p.m. The third part refers to the seasonal distribution and
recovery of cyathostomin infective larvae in feces, pasture and soil. In the beginning of the
seasons feces samples were placed on experimental Tifton 85 plot. The collections began one
week after deposit, and later every 15 days. L3 recovered were higher in the autumn and
winter and smaller in the spring and mainly in the summer. More L3 were recovered in the
morning, although no statistic difference has been observed between the collection times in
each season. The soil didn't demonstrate to be potential L3 reservoir, seen the low larvae
recovery in this study. / O conhecimento da biologia e epidemiologia das fases pr?-paras?ticas de ciatostom?neos de
eq?inos t?m contribu?do para o desenvolvimento de programas de controle que limitem a
utiliza??o de anti-helm?nticos. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre a din?mica das larvas no
ambiente, principalmente nas regi?es de clima tropical. Estudos sobre o grau de contamina??o
das pastagens por larvas infectantes de ciatostom?neos podem auxiliar na determina??o do
risco de infec??o dos animais e fornecer dados para o estabelecimento de programas de
controle integrado. O presente estudo foi dividido em tr?s etapas complementares: na primeira
etapa, avaliou-se a distribui??o, recupera??o e sobreviv?ncia de larvas infectantes (L3) de
ciatostom?neos de eq?inos nas fezes e na pastagem no per?odo de 15 meses. Massas fecais
foram depositadas mensalmente na gram?nea Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp. cv. Tifton 85) no
per?odo de setembro de 2003 a setembro de 2004. Gram?nea e fezes foram coletadas a cada
sete dias, ?s 8, 12 e 17h e processadas pela t?cnica de Baermann. De acordo com os
resultados, as condi??es ambientais foram favor?veis para o desenvolvimento e sobreviv?ncia
das L3. Nas fezes, a recupera??o das L3 foi superior durante o per?odo chuvoso e na gram?nea
no per?odo seco. A sobreviv?ncia das larvas foi superior no per?odo seco, tanto para as
amostras de fezes quanto para as de gram?nea. As L3 foram recuperadas durante os tr?s
hor?rios de coleta e n?o se observou diferen?a significativa entre os hor?rios. A segunda etapa
foi mais abrangente e aborda o estudo da distribui??o, recupera??o e sobreviv?ncia de larvas
infectantes de ciatostom?neos de eq?inos nas fezes e na pastagem no per?odo de fevereiro de
2005 a mar?o de 2007. Sete dias ap?s cada dep?sito de massa fecal foram realizadas coletas
de amostras de fezes e gram?nea ?s 8, 13 e 17 h, de tr?s pontos distintos em sentido hor?rio.
As amostras de gram?nea coletadas foram divididas em base (0-20 cm) e ?pice (20-40 cm),
tendo sido processadas pela t?cnica de Baermann para recupera??o das L3. No per?odo
chuvoso, as larvas infectantes foram recuperadas em maior n?mero das fezes e do ?pice da
gram?nea. No per?odo seco, a recupera??o foi superior na base da gram?nea, assim como a
sobreviv?ncia das L3 nas fezes e na gram?nea. Maior n?mero de larvas foi recuperado ?s 8 h,
exceto na base da gram?nea, onde a maior recupera??o de L3 ocorreu ?s 13 h. A terceira parte
refere-se ? distribui??o sazonal e recupera??o de larvas infectantes de ciatostom?neos nas
fezes, na pastagem e no solo. Ao in?cio de cada esta??o do ano foram depositadas amostras de
fezes no canteiro experimental de Tifton 85. As coletas iniciaram-se uma semana ap?s o
dep?sito e posteriormente a cada 15 dias. As L3 foram recuperadas em maior quantidade no
outono e inverno e em menor quantidade na primavera e principalmente no ver?o. No hor?rio
da manh? as larvas foram recuperadas em maior n?mero, embora n?o tenha sido observada
diferen?a estat?stica entre os hor?rios de coleta em cada esta??o do ano. O solo n?o
demonstrou ser potencial reservat?rio de L3, visto a baixa recupera??o de larvas neste estudo.
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Caracteriza??o epidemiol?gica de munic?pio sem autoctonia para leishmaniose tegumentar americana. / Epidemiological characterization of a non-disease municipality for american cutaneous leishmaniasis.Bustamante, Maria Cristina Fortes Santos de 19 December 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-19 / Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / The knowledge about epidemiology of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis - ACL still has
gaps. The influences of environmental and peridomestic characteristics over its occurrence are
not well defined. This study aimed to investigate the asymptomatic occurrence of Leishmania
(Viannia) braziliensis in humans and dogs, and to evaluate the natural infection of
phlebotomine vectors at Engenheiro Paulo de Frontin, a disease-free of autochthonous ACL
municipality, part of an endemic region. An epidemiological inquiry was developed from
march/2006 to december/2007 with the support of the Family Health Program of the
Municipality Health Secretary Office in the five sanitary areas. Fifty families participated in
the study, yielding a total of 95 volunteers who were exposed or not to known risk factors.
Procedures involved structured interviews, Montenegro skin Test (IDRM), serology done by
Enzime Linked Immunossorbent Assay (ELISA), and Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF). All
the volunteers had their dogs examined by the serology procedures and including a clinical
exam. The existing environment was reported and phlebotomine sand flies were captured in
the peridomestic environment to have all the present species identified. Infection by L. (V.)
braziliensis was also determined by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Observed
frequencies for positive results in humans were: 9%, 6.4% and 13.8% for IDRM, ELISA and
IFI, respectively. Of 39 dogs examined, 5.1% were positive for ELISA and 23% for IFI, and
from the seven species of phlebotomine sand flies captured, Lutzomyia migonei (59%) and L.
intermedia (20.9%) were the most frequent. Natural infection rate of phlebotomine vectors
were 5% or less, by PCR. The absence of active cases and the low percentage of positive tests
found in humans and dogs, and the non-matching results, lead to the suggestion that there is
no extra forest transmission of L. (V.) braziliensis in the county, despite of the high natural
infection rate of phlebotomines sand flies. Large areas of preserved forests scattered around
52% of the municipality appears to be the only and main difference from the surrounding
municipality, thus allowing maintenance of the ecological niches of the phlebotomine sand
flies and reducing the pressure for adaptive changes. / O conhecimento acerca da epidemiologia da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA)
ainda possui lacunas. As influ?ncias de caracter?sticas ambientais e peridom?sticas sobre sua
ocorr?ncia n?o est?o bem definidas. Este estudo buscou investigar a poss?vel ocorr?ncia de
infec??o assintom?tica por Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis em humanos e c?es e a infec??o
natural dos flebotom?neos vetores no munic?pio de Engenheiro Paulo de Frontin, indene para
LTA aut?ctone e circundado por munic?pios end?micos. Foi realizado um inqu?rito
epidemiol?gico entre mar?o de 2006 e dezembro de 2007, sendo investigadas as cinco ?reas
de sa?de do munic?pio, com apoio do Programa de Sa?de da Fam?lia da Secretaria Municipal
de Sa?de. Participaram do estudo cinq?enta fam?lias expostas ou n?o aos fatores de risco
conhecidos, totalizando noventa e cinco volunt?rios. Entrevistas estruturadas,
Intradermorrea??o de Montenegro (IDRM) e sorologia para leishmaniose, por ELISA e por
Imunofluoresc?ncia Indireta (IFI) foram realizadas nos volunt?rios, cujos c?es foram tamb?m
submetidos a exame cl?nico e sorologia pelos mesmos m?todos. O ambiente circundante foi
descrito e flebotom?neos foram capturados nos peridomic?lios para identifica??o das esp?cies
presentes e de infec??o por L. (V.) braziliensis pela t?cnica de rea??o em cadeia de polimerase
(RCP). As freq??ncias encontradas de positividade nos testes em humanos foram de: 9%,
6,4% e 13,8% para IDRM, ELISA e IFI, respectivamente. Dos trinta e nove c?es examinados
5,1%, foram positivos ao ELISA e 23% ? IFI. Das sete esp?cies de flebotom?neos capturadas,
predominaram Lutzomyia migonei (59%) e L. intermedia (20,9%). A taxa de infec??o natural
dos flebotom?neos foi de at? 5% ? RCP. A aus?ncia de casos ativos e as baixas positividades
verificadas nos testes em humanos e em c?es e a discord?ncia entre os resultados levam a
supor que n?o ocorre transmiss?o extraflorestal de L. (V.) braziliensis no munic?pio, a
despeito da alta taxa de infec??o natural dos flebotom?neos. Grandes ?reas de mata preservada
dispersas pelo territ?rio (52% do munic?pio) parecem ser o ?nico diferencial em rela??o aos
munic?pios circundantes, permitindo a manuten??o dos nichos ecol?gicos dos flebotom?neos e
reduzindo a press?o por mudan?as adaptativas.
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Abelhas visitantes florais de Vernonia polyanthes Less (Asteraceae), em Valen?a-RJ / Floral visitor bees of Vernonia polyanthes Less (Asteraceae) in Valen?a-RJALVES, Luis Henrique Soares 26 February 2010 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-26 / CAPES / Vernonia polyanthes Less. popularly known as ?assa-peixe?, ?assa-peixe branco? or ?cambar??, belongs to the ?Asteraceae? family and it?s very used by the popular medicine on the treatment of coughs, bronchitis, bruises, hemorrhoids, colds and uterine infections. V. polyanthes is very visited by many species of bees, principally by native ones, that look for food resources. Besides the native bees that are responsible for even 90% of pollination of the native vegetables, Apis mellifera looks for food resources in those vegetables too. This specie, was introduced in Brazil during the colonial period. We don?t known yet about the consequences of the introduction of this specie over the native bees communities, once there is little work accomplished with that purpose. This work has an objective of knowing the principal flora visitors of V. polyanthes and the interactions between the bees communities. The work was done in Valen?a municipal district-RJ, in an area with 15 beehives of A. mellifera. Four collections were accomplished with entomological net with 10 minutes of duration in each hour from 08 a.m to 04 p.m, once a week from June to August 2009. It were collected 771 bees from 03 families and 22 species. The more abundant species were A. mellifera, T. spinipes and S. quadripunctata. The social bees represented 98% of the total in relation to lonely ones with only 2%. From the 22 species, A. mellifera and T. spinipes were dominant in the exploration of resources over the other bee species. A great similarity about the exploration of food resources happened between A. mellifera, T. spinipes and S. quadripunctata, possibly for being happening a competition between those species. The low diversity of bees could be influenced by abundant quantity of A.mellifera. This work has found one of the biggest number of melipon?neos species collected in the state of Rio de Janeiro. / Vernonia polyanthes Less. conhecida popularmente por assa-peixe, assa-peixe-branco, cambar?, pertence ? fam?lia Asteraceae e ? muito utilizada pela medicina popular no tratamento de tosses, bronquite, contus?es, hemorr?idas, resfriados e infec??es uterinas. V. polyanthes ? muito visitada por v?rias esp?cies de abelhas, principalmente por abelhas nativas, que buscam recursos alimentares. Al?m das abelhas nativas, que s?o respons?veis por at? 90% da poliniza??o dos vegetais nativos, APIS MELLIFERA BUSCA RECURSOS ALIMENTARES NESSE VEGETAL. Essa esp?cie foi introduzida no Brasil durante o per?odo colonial e ainda n?o se sabe as conseq??ncias da introdu??o dessa esp?cie sobre as comunidades de abelhas nativas, uma vez que s?o poucos os trabalhos realizados com essa finalidade. Esse trabalho possui como objetivo conhecer os principais visitantes florais de V. polyanthes e as intera??es entre as comunidades de abelhas. O trabalho foi realizado no munic?pio de Valen?a-RJ, em uma ?rea com 15 colm?ias de A. mellifera. Foram realizadas quatro coletas com rede entomol?gica com 10 minutos de dura??o em cada hora, das 08 ?s 16 horas uma vez por semana, entre junho e agosto de 2009. Foram coletadas 771 abelhas pertencentes a tr?s fam?lias e 22 esp?cies. As esp?cies mais abundantes foram A. mellifera, T, spinipes e S. quadripunctata. As abelhas sociais representaram 98% do total em rela??o ?s abelhas solit?rias com 2%. Das 22 esp?cies, A. mellifera e T. spinipes foram dominantes na explora??o de recursos sobre as demais esp?cies de abelhas. Ocorreu uma grande similaridade na explora??o de recursos alimentares entre A. mellifera, T. spinipes e S. quadripunctata, possivelmente por estar ocorrendo uma poss?vel competi??o entre essas esp?cies. A baixa diversidade de abelhas pode ter sido influenciada pela abund?ncia de A. mellifera. Esse trabalho encontrou um dos maiores n?meros de esp?cies de melipon?neos coletadas no estado do Rio de Janeiro.
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Forma??o continuada de professores na perspectiva da educa??o inclusiva na Baixada Fluminense / Continuing Training of teachers in the context of inclusive education in the Baixada FluminenseARAUJO, Daniele Francisco de 14 December 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-12-14 / CAPES / This thesis aims to analyze the formation of Basic Education teachers for school inclusion in the Baixada Fluminense from a Continuing Training Program. Therefore, we used the methodology of collaborative action research to understand that this would be the best option for a joint work. The research field was the extension course ?Processes of teaching and learning of students with intellectual disabilities?, held by the Observatory Research Group of Special Education and School Inclusion: curricular practices and teaching and learning processes, of the Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, in partnership with the Special Education Municipal Coordination of seven municipalities in the Baixada Fluminense, namely: Belford Roxo, Duque de Caxias, Mesquita, Nil?polis, Nova Igua?u, Queimados and S?o Jo?o de Meriti. The Continuing Training Program was one action of these two projects: a) The education of students with intellectual disabilities: public politics, cognitive processes and evaluation of learning and b) Schooling and development of students with intellectual and multiple disabilities in the Baixada Fluminense. First results showed the precariousness in the training system, mainly with the regard of continuing training in inclusive education offered for professional education of these seven municipalities. The data pointed out that training, in most cases, are for teachers who work with the target audience of inclusive education students, due to a demand, characterizing, mostly for some training on specific themes. Regarding the Program, the data showed that the cultural-historical perspective ? theoretical referencial of this work ? contributed to the desmystification of prejudice toward students with intellectual diabilities, owing to work with the knowledge of their concepts, such as the psychological processes upper and mediation. Finally, we considered as extremely important theoretical and practical Continuing Training, that consider the reality of everyday school life, which is the starting point for the study, the analysis and the reflexion of pedagogical practices. / A presente disserta??o tem por objetivo analisar a forma??o de professores da Educa??o B?sica para a inclus?o escolar na Baixada Fluminense a partir de um Programa de Forma??o Continuada. Para tanto, utilizamos a metodologia da pesquisa-a??o colaborativa por compreendermos que esta seria a melhor op??o para um trabalho conjunto. O campo de pesquisa foi o curso de extens?o ?Processos de ensino e aprendizagem de alunos com defici?ncia intelectual?, realizado pelo grupo de pesquisa Observat?rio de Educa??o Especial e Inclus?o Escolar: pr?ticas curriculares e processos de ensino e aprendizagem, da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, em parceria com as Coordenadorias Municipais de Educa??o Especial de sete munic?pios da Baixada Fluminense, a saber: Belford Roxo, Duque de Caxias, Mesquita, Nil?polis, Nova Igua?u, Queimados e S?o Jo?o de Meriti. O Programa de Forma??o Continuada foi uma das a??es de dois projetos: a) A escolariza??o de alunos com defici?ncia intelectual: pol?ticas p?blicas, processos cognitivos e avalia??o da aprendizagem e b) Escolariza??o e desenvolvimento de alunos com defici?ncia intelectual e m?ltipla na Baixada Fluminense. Os primeiros resultados apresentaram a precariedade no sistema formativo, sobretudo no que se refere ? forma??o continuada em educa??o especial ofertada para os profissionais da educa??o desses sete munic?pios. Os dados mostraram que as forma??es, em sua maioria, s?o para docentes que atuam com alunos p?blico-alvo da educa??o especial, em virtude de uma demanda; caracterizando-se, em sua maioria, por forma??es pontuais com temas espec?ficos. Com rela??o ao Programa, os dados mostraram que a perspectiva hist?rico-cultural ? referencial te?rico deste trabalho ? muito contribuiu para a desmistifica??o de preconceitos com os alunos com defici?ncia intelectual, tendo em vista o trabalho com o conhecimento de seus conceitos, como os processos psicol?gicos superiores e a media??o pedag?gica. Por fim, consideramos de suma import?ncia forma??es continuadas te?rico-pr?ticas que levem em considera??o a realidade do cotidiano escolar, sendo este o ponto de partida para o estudo, a an?lise e a reflex?o das pr?ticas pedag?gicas.
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Design of a Surface Albedo Modification Payload for Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) MitigationGe, Shen 2011 August 1900 (has links)
The development of the Surface Albedo Treatment System (SATS) onboard a spacecraft mission to the near earth asteroid (NEA) Apophis in 2012 is an innovative concept of deflecting NEAs from possible impact with the Earth through altering the Yarkovsky effect, a non-secular force in the solar system due to uneven surface thermal emission most profoundly affecting small rotating bodies subjected to sunlight. Though this force is small, its magnitude can be dramatic if extended over a period of time and if it uses the close approach of an asteroid near Earth to magnify the perturbation. The payload dispenses colored powder called albedo changing particles (ACPs) onto the surface changing its albedo and indirectly the surface temperature which changes the Yarkovsky effect. This study gives an in-depth description of both computational and experimental parts of the design of this system with primary focus on initial ground test setup. The initial experiments proposed to design the SATS is outlined in detail and justified by the mission criterion of interest as well as modeling the actual dispersal on the surface.
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Avalia??o do potencial inseticida de extratos de Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) sobre Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae)Baracho, Amanda de Oliveira 26 April 2018 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2018 / Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) / A leishmaniose visceral ? uma doen?a parasit?ria de transmiss?o vetorial causada por protozo?rios do g?nero Leishmania, com elevado grau de letalidade e que atinge milh?es de pessoas no mundo. A busca por produtos alternativos para a elimina??o do vetor tem como objetivo minimizar os impactos causados pelos inseticidas qu?micos sint?ticos utilizados pelos programas de controle, sendo cada vez mais frequente a pesquisa em produtos de origem bot?nica com atividade inseticida. Organismos vegetais s?o capazes de produzir compostos org?nicos de comprovada toxicidade frente aos insetos e, diante disto, avaliou-se neste trabalho a atividade inseticida de extratos de Caryocar brasiliense, planta nativa do Cerrado popularmente conhecida como ?pequi?, sobre flebotom?neos da esp?cie Lutzomyia longipalpis, principal transmissora da leishmaniose visceral. Extratos hidroetan?licos, etan?licos e ciclohex?nicos de folhas e cascas de C. brasiliense foram preparados e dilu?dos em solu??o de Tween 80 a 3% para a obten??o de concentra??es a 50, 100, 200 e 400 mg.mL-1, para a realiza??o dos ensaios biol?gicos. Os flebotom?neos foram coletados em uma localidade rural do munic?pio de Diamantina/MG. Um n?mero amostral de 30 flebotom?neos foi posto em contato com os extratos e a mortalidade foi avaliada ap?s 1, 2, 4, 16, 24 48 e 72 horas de exposi??o, bem como grupos controle negativos (?gua destilada e Tween) e positivo (cipermetrina). A identifica??o dos constituintes qu?micos dos extratos tamb?m foi avaliada. Ap?s 72h de experimento, foram registradas mortalidades de 93,3% pelo extrato hidroetan?lico da casca a 400 mg.mL-1, 66,3% pelo etan?lico da casca a 50 mg.mL-1 e 81,1% pelo ciclohex?nico de folhas a 200 mg.mL-1. Os extratos hidroetan?licos da casca mostraram-se estatisticamente semelhantes ? a??o da cipermetrina em 72h de experimento, indicando que este extrato foi o mais eficiente quanto ? atividade inseticida. Foram identificados triterpenos, esteroides, taninos, flavonoides, alcaloides e saponinas nos extratos. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que os extratos hidroetan?licos de C. brasiliense, sobretudo das cascas, s?o promissores na busca por compostos naturais com atividade inseticida sobre Lu. longipalpis. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2018. / Visceral leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania with high lethality rate that reaches millions of people worldwide. The impacts caused by synthetic insecticides used in control programs are well known. In this context, research on alternative products for vector control, especially products of botanical origin, has been frequent in order to minimize the impacts of synthetic ones. Plants are capable to produce organic compounds with insect toxicity. Here, the insecticidal activity of Caryocar brasiliense extracts, a native plant of Brazilian savannah, popularly known as "pequi", on Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis, was tested. Hydroethanolic, ethanolic and cyclohexanic extracts of leaves and barks of C. brasiliense were prepared and diluted in Tween 80 (3%) to obtain concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg.mL-1 for the biological tests. Phlebotomine sandflies were collected in a rural locality of Diamantina (Minas Gerais state, Brazil). Thirty sand flies were exposed to the extracts and mortality was evaluated after 1, 2, 4, 16, 24 48 and 72 hours of exposure, as well as negative control groups (distilled water and Tween) and positive (cypermethrin). Chemical compounds of the extracts were also evaluated. Mortalities rates of 93.3% were observed for the hydroethanolic extract of the bark at 400 mg.mL-1, 66.3% for the ethanolic bark at 50 mg.mL-1 and 81.1% for the cyclohexane of leaves at 200 mg.mL-1. The hydroethanolic extracts of the bark showed to be statistically similar to the action of cypermethrin in 72h of the experiment, indicating that this extract was the most efficient as an insecticide. Triterpenes, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins were identified in the extracts. The results obtained suggest that the hydroethanolic extracts of C. brasiliense, especially of the bark, are promising for the use of natural compounds to control Lu. longipalpis.
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A??o inseticida de extratos de folhas e cascas de Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand (Burseraceae) sobre Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912)Sincur?, Yrllan Ribeiro 26 April 2018 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2018 / Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) / A leishmaniose visceral (LV) ? uma doen?a altamente letal quando n?o tratada e de car?ter reemergente. ? transmitida atrav?s da picada do flebotom?neo f?mea da esp?cie Lutzomyia longipalpis, inseto com grande distribui??o nas Am?ricas. O controle vetorial ? realizado atrav?s da aplica??o de inseticidas piretr?ides sint?ticos residuais de a??o r?pida sobre os insetos como a ?-cipermetrina e a deltametrina. Nos ?ltimos tempos tem se observado o surgimento de popula??es resistentes o que tem aumentado o interesse pela descoberta de novas mol?culas que possam ser utilizadas no controle de vetores. As plantas s?o um importante e promissor campo de pesquisa, uma vez que j? produzem mol?culas com a??o inseticida. Este estudo objetivou analisar a a??o inseticida de extratos de folhas e cascas de Protium heptaphyllum sobre Lutzomyia longipalpis selvagens. Para isso foram confeccionados extratos hidroalco?licos, etan?licos e ciclo- hex?nicos das folhas e cascas de Protium heptaphyllum. Nestes foram realizados estudos fitoqu?micos para prospec??o de classes de compostos secund?rios com a??o biol?gica. Os bioensaios foram realizados em potes pl?sticos adaptados e utilizou-se flebotom?neos Lu. longipalpis selvagens, oriundos da comunidade de Aroeira em Diamantina-MG. Obtivemos como resultado dos estudos fitoqu?micos, diversas classes de metab?litos secund?rios como terpenos, esteroides, taninos, flavonoides, alcaloides e saponinas, com destaque para os extratos de folhas onde foi observado um maior n?mero de classes em rela??o ?s cascas. Os bioensaios realizados evidenciaram uma a??o inseticida dos extratos hidroalco?licos e ciclo- hex?nicos que tiveram resultados estatisticamente semelhantes ? ?-cipermetrina. Apesar de composi??o qu?mica semelhante as demais, os extratos etan?licos apresentaram uma baixa atividade sobre os insetos. Com isso, conclu?mos que Protium heptaphyllum, possui atividade inseticida sobre Lu. longipalpis. Dessa forma, este estudo contribui com o desenvolvimento de m?todos de controle de insetos mais eficientes e menos agressivos aos humanos e outros animais. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2018. / Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a highly lethal disease when untreated and reemerging. It is transmitted through the bite of the female sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis, a large-dose insect in the Americas. Vector control is performed through the application of fast acting residual synthetic pyrethroids on insects such as cypermethrin and deltamethrin. In recent times has been observed the emergence of resistant populations which has increased interest in the discovery of new molecules that can be used in the control of vectors. Plants are an important and promising field of research, since they already produce molecules with insecticidal action. This study aimed to analyze the insecticidal action of leaves and bark extracts of Protium heptaphyllum on wild Lutzomyia longipalpis. Hydroalcoholic, ethanolic and cyclohexanic extracts of the leaves and bark of Protium heptaphyllum were made. In these, phytochemical studies were found to identify groups of individuals with biological action. The bioassays were carried out in adapted plastic pots and wild Lu. longipalpis were used, originating from the community of Aroeira in Diamantina-MG. We obtained as a result of the phytochemical studies, several classes of secondary metabolites such as terpenes, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins, especially leaf extracts where a greater number of classes were observed in relation to the bark. The bioassays performed showed an insecticidal action of hydroalcoholic and cyclohexane extracts that had statistically similar results to cypermethrin. Despite chemical composition similar to the others, the ethanolic extracts presented a low activity on the insects. From this investigation, we conclude that Protium heptaphyllum has insecticidal activity on Lu. longipalpis. Thus, this study contributes to the development of insect control methods that are more efficient and less aggressive to humans and other animals.
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