Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-30T22:35:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoPauloDaCostaEvangelista_TESE.pdf: 3170006 bytes, checksum: b1459f824b08153ad43dfbda6bced227 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-01T20:54:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoPauloDaCostaEvangelista_TESE.pdf: 3170006 bytes, checksum: b1459f824b08153ad43dfbda6bced227 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-01T20:54:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoPauloDaCostaEvangelista_TESE.pdf: 3170006 bytes, checksum: b1459f824b08153ad43dfbda6bced227 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Esse estudo prop?s-se a obter biodiesel a partir da esterifica??o do ?cido oleico com os catalisadores Zr-SBA-15, Nb-SBA-15, SO42-/Zr-SBA-15 e SO42-/Nb-SBA-15 obtidos pela inser??o de Zr e Nb no suporte SBA-15 e sulfata??o do suporte impregnado. O suporte SBA-15 foi sintetizado pelo m?todo hidrot?rmico. O catalisador foi incialmente sintetizado pelo m?todo de impregna??o via ?mida, adicionando 4,2 mL de uma solu??o ? 30 % do percursor do metal (Zr e Nb) em cada grama da SBA-15. Ap?s a impregna??o foi realizado o processo de sulfata??o. As condi??es reacionais da s?ntese do biodiesel utilizadas nesse estudo foram: quantidade de catalisador (5% em massa), raz?o molar de metanol:?cido oleico (20:1), tempo reacional (8 h) e temperatura de refluxo (65?C). Os catalisadores foram analisados por: difra??o de raios-X (DRX), an?lise termogravim?trica (TG/DTG), espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), adsor??o/dessor??o de nitrog?nio, microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS) e teste de acidez para identifica??o da estrutura, composi??o e verifica??o da presen?a de s?tios ?cidos. Os resultados de caracteriza??o indicaram que o suporte SBA-15 preservou a estrutura hexagonal ordenada, ap?s a incorpora??o de Zr e Nb. Observou-se a presen?a de nanopart?culas desses metais dispersas na superf?cie e no interior dos canais microporosos e mesoporosos dos catalisadores Zr-SBA-15 e Nb-SBA-15. Ap?s a sulfata??o, aumentou a quantidade de s?tios ?cidos e a estrutura ordenada foi mantida. Para os catalisadores Zr-SBA-15 e SO42-/Zr-SBA-15 houve a forma??o das estruturas tetragonal e monocl?nica do ZrO2, j? para os demais catalisadores Nb-SBA-15 e SO42-/Nb-SBA-15 formaram-se estruturas amorfas. A atividade catal?tica foi avaliada pela rea??o de esterifica??o do ?cido oleico via rota et?lica, utilizando todos os catalisadores sintetizados. O biodiesel obtido com SO42-/Zr-SBA-15 apresentou propriedades f?sico-qu?micas dentro das normas especificadas pela resolu??o N?7/2008 da ANP e melhor rendimento com 80,7%. Foi verificado que os catalisadores sulfatados, produziram maior rendimento com rela??o aos n?o sulfatados. O suporte SBA-15 n?o apresentou atividade catal?tica. / Fatty acids such as oleic acid, have received particular attention as raw material, due to its abundance, availability and relatively high purity, being considered as potential materials for production of biodiesel. The esterification reaction of oleic acid using heterogeneous catalysts can be a promising alternative for biodiesel production. This study proposes to find a biodiesel through esterification of oleic acid with Zr-SBA-15, Nb-SBA-15, SO42?/Zr-SBA-15 and SO4 2?/Nb-SBA-15 catalysts, obtained by insertion of Zr and Nb in support SBA-15 and sulfation of the impregnated support. SBA-15 support was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Support SBA-15 was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The catalyst was initially synthesized by the wet impregnation method, followed by sulfation process. The catalysts were analyzed: X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (TG/DTG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and acidity test to identify the structure, composition and verification the presence acid sites. The characterization results indicated that the SBA-15 support preserved the ordered hexagonal structure after the incorporation of Zr and Nb. It was observed the presence of nanoparticles these metal dispersed on the surface and within the microporous and mesoporous channels of Zr-SBA-15 and Nb-SBA-15 catalysts. After sulfation, increased amount of acid sites and the ordered structure was maintained. For Zr-SBA-15 and SO4 2?/Zr-SBA-15 catalyst was the formation of tetragonal and monoclinic structures of ZrO2, as for the other, Nb-SBA-15 and SO42?/Nb-SBA-15 catalyst were formed amorphous structures. The catalytic activity was evaluated by the esterification reaction of oleic acid via ethyl route, using all the synthesized catalysts. Biodiesel obtained with SO42?/Zr-SBA-15 presented physicochemical properties within the standards specified by the Resolution N? 45/2014 ANP and obtained the best yield with 80.7%. It was found that sulfated catalysts, produced higher yields with respect to nonsulfated. The SBA-15 support showed no catalytic activity.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-12T18:23:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcelMirandaDeMedeirosSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3559206 bytes, checksum: 8939b90a70f7fadf56b00c1a77dd4dd6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-15T21:22:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcelMirandaDeMedeirosSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3559206 bytes, checksum: 8939b90a70f7fadf56b00c1a77dd4dd6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T21:22:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcelMirandaDeMedeirosSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3559206 bytes, checksum: 8939b90a70f7fadf56b00c1a77dd4dd6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / O desflorestamento tem impactado diretamente sobre a bionomia e biologia dos vetores de leishmaniose. A vigil?ncia entomol?gica, como medida preconizada pela OMS para o estabelecimento das a??es de controle e monitoramento da transmiss?o de Leishmania, requer a captura de flebotom?neos em ec?topos diferentes. Para esta finalidade, as armadilhas luminosas do tipo Center for Disease Control s?o as mais utilizadas. Adapta??es vem sendo desenvolvidas visando maior atratividade dos flebotom?neos e, consequentemente, maior n?mero de insetos capturados nas armadilhas. A percep??o de diferentes comprimentos de onda do espectro vis?vel pelo flebotom?neos ainda n?o est? completamente elucidada. O estudo pautou-se na investiga??o da fauna de flebotom?neos de uma zona de prote??o ambiental na zona norte de Natal e seu entorno, observando tamb?m a atratividade de cada esp?cie em rela??o ao espectro vis?vel emitido por tr?s l?mpadas diferentes: LED azul, LED vermelho e controle incandescente. As capturas dos flebotom?neos ocorreram durante 1 ano, com a frequ?ncia de 3 dias consecutivos por m?s, nos ec?topos de mata e peridomic?lio; Diariamente as armadilhas eram trocadas de posi??o. A fauna de flebotom?neos capturados revelou sete esp?cies divididas em cinco g?neros. O teste H? de Kruskal-Wallis revelou uma influ?ncia significante entre o espectro luminoso emitido pela l?mpada da armadilha e a abund?ncia de insetos capturados. O teste do modelo linear generalizado demonstrou uma influ?ncia significante entre os conjuntos ?rea-sexo e cor-?rea com o n?mero de flebotom?neos coletados. As armadilhas que utilizam LED azul apresentaram uma maior efic?cia na captura dos flebotom?neos, apresentando valores quase duas vezes maior que a l?mpada incandescente. As l?mpadas com tecnologia LED substituem favoravelmente a atra??o e captura das esp?cies de flebotom?neos, aumentando a efic?cia na diversidade e abund?ncia. / Deforestation has directly impacted the biology and bionomy of leishmaniasis vectors. Entomological surveillance, as a measure recommended by the WHO for the establishment of control actions and monitoring of Leishmania transmission, requires the capture of sandflies in different ecotopes. For this purpose, light traps of the Center for Disease Control type are the most commonly used. Adaptations have been developed to enhance the attractiveness of sand flies and, consequently, capture more insects in the traps. The perception of different wavelengths of the spectrum visible by sand flies is not yet fully elucidated. The study was based on the investigation of phlebotomine sand fly fauna of an environmental protection zone in the north of Natal city and its surroundings, also observing the attractiveness of each species in relation to the visible spectrum emitted by three different lamps: blue LED, red LED and glow control. Phlebotomine catches occurred for one year, with a frequency of three consecutive days per month, in forest and peridomicillary ecotopes; Traps were changed every day. The fauna of captured sand flies revealed seven species divided into five genera. The Kruskal-Wallis H' test revealed a noteworthy difference between the light spectrum emitted by the trap lamp and the abundance of captured insects. The test of the generalized linear model demonstrated a significant influence between the area-sex and color-area sets with the number of sandflies collected. Traps using blue LED showed a greater efficiency in the capture of sand flies, presenting values almost twice as great as the incandescent lamp. Lamps with LED technology favorably replace the attraction and capture of phlebotomine sandflies species, increasing the effectiveness in diversity and abundance.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-13T13:10:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineCamilaMedeirosPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 2070282 bytes, checksum: 2dc5a4e02f354ba8fa90c6a7240a1df2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-24T11:56:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineCamilaMedeirosPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 2070282 bytes, checksum: 2dc5a4e02f354ba8fa90c6a7240a1df2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-24T11:56:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineCamilaMedeirosPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 2070282 bytes, checksum: 2dc5a4e02f354ba8fa90c6a7240a1df2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Os ecossistemas recifais proveem bens e servi?os que abrangem as esferas social, ambiental e econ?mica. Contudo, cerca de 35% encontram-se amea?ados mundialmente. No Brasil, est?o situados ao longo da regi?o nordeste e geralmente pr?ximos ? costa, facilitando o acesso da popula??o humana que utiliza-os para sustento e lazer. Para manter a resili?ncia e evitar a perda da biodiversidade torna-se importante estudar como ocorre o recrutamento e a sobreviv?ncia dos seres vivos que estruturam as comunidades. O coral Siderastrea stellata, ? um dos mais resistentes e comuns nos recifes brasileiros. Buscou-se entender aspectos da sua distribui??o, recrutamento e manuten??o das col?nias. Para tal, efetuou-se mapeamento das col?nias por tamanho em diferentes s?tios de estudo no Parracho de Pirangi/RN, experimento de recrutamento com manipula??o de rodolitos e experimento de avalia??o da sa?de de col?nias com manipula??o de macroalgas b?nticas. Com o mapeamento observou-se uma zona??o das col?nias, com menos corais ocorrendo pr?ximo ao local destinado ? atividade tur?stica. Possivelmente impactos como a constante suspens?o de sedimentos provocada por banhistas e embarca??es esteja agindo como o mecanismo condutor desta zona??o. O recrutamento de corais foi baixo comparado a outros recifes rasos do nordeste brasileiro. Embora muito resistente, o coral S. stellata n?o est? conseguindo se estabelecer nesta forma??o recifal. Notou-se que o recrutamento n?o ? facilitado por rodolitos. Bancos de rodolitos abrigam alta riqueza de invertebrados bent?nicos que podem competir por espa?o ou se alimentar das larvas de corais. De modo geral, a sa?de das col?nias jovens foi afetada pelo branqueamento, que aumentou ao longo ano. Este aumento foi correlacionado com hipossalinidade e elevada turbidez da ?gua. Por?m, notou-se que na presen?a das macroalgas b?nticas o branqueamento foi menor. Possivelmente o crescimento dessas macroalgas dentro do limite observado atenuou o efeito da elevada radia??o solar nas col?nias jovens de corais, protegendo-as do branqueamento. / Reef ecosystems are known worldwide for their natural beauty and their capacity to harbor a great variety of marine life. In addition, these environments provide goods and services that encompasses social, environmental and economic spheres. However, around 20% of the world's reefs have been destroyed and 35% are threatened. In Brazil, the reefs are located along the northeast region and are usually near the coast, enabling the access of the human populations that use them for food, sport and recreation. One way to maintain reef resilience and avoid biodiversity loss would be to gather information on recruitment and survival of organisms from reef communities. The endemic hard coral, Siderastrea stellata, is one of the most resistant and common species in Brazilian reefs. Considering the ecological importance of this species of coral, we aimed to understand some aspects of its distribution, recruitment and colony maintenance. Therefore, S. stellata colonies were analyzed at different study sites in the ?Parracho de Pirangi/RN?. The following activities were performed: 1) mapping colonies size (Chapter 1), 2) running recruitment experiment subjected to manipulation of calcareous algae (rhodoliths), testing the hypothesis that rhodoliths act as facilitators due its complex three-dimensional structure (Chapter 2), and 3) running a health evaluation experiment of juvenile colonies in different areas of the reef, through macroalgae manipulation, testing the hypothesis that coral colony health is affected negatively by the presence of benthic macroalgae (Chapter 3). A distribution pattern in Parracho de Pirangi/RN was observed with less coral occurring in the area nearby touristic site. It is possible that impacts such as the constant suspension of sediments caused by swimmers and boats are acting as the main mechanism driving this distribuition pattern. Coral recruitment of Parracho de Pirangi was low compared to other shallow reefs from northeastern Brazil. This shows that although very resistant, the coral S. stellata is not able to establish on this reef formation. It was also noted that recruitment is not facilitated by calcareous algae that form rhodoliths. Instead, rhodolith banks sheltered abundant concentration of benthic invertebrates that might compete for space or feed on coral larvae, preventing recruitment. Generally, the health of young colonies was affected by bleaching, which increased throughout the year. This increase was correlated with low water salinity registered. However, it was notable that bleaching was lower in the treatment where benthic macroalgae was not removed. Possibly, the growth of benthic macroalgae within the limits observed over the months attenuated the effects of high solar radiation on young coral colonies, protecting them from bleaching.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-15T00:01:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EduardoLimaRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 5210310 bytes, checksum: 45334f9a90781c022e4ac6b72af53fbd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-16T23:20:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EduardoLimaRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 5210310 bytes, checksum: 45334f9a90781c022e4ac6b72af53fbd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-16T23:20:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EduardoLimaRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 5210310 bytes, checksum: 45334f9a90781c022e4ac6b72af53fbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-10 / Independente da ?rea de atua??o e devido ?s necessidades de neg?ciodado o ritmo das inova??es, organiza??es p?blicas e privadas v?m seadaptando constantemente ?s mudan?as tecnol?gicas, seja com asmelhores pr?ticas de mercado ou com a atualiza??o de suas tecnologias.Estas mudan?as frequentes muitas vezes acabam criando na empresa umambiente bastante heterog?neo, onde os sistemas envolvidos no neg?cioe que foram desenvolvidos em diversas plataformas (por exemplo,linguagem de programa??o e/ou banco de dados) operam de maneiraisolada. Em situa??es como esta, a empresa precisa adotar estrat?giaspara prover a interoperabilidade entre seus sistemas e assim garantiruma devida comunica??o, visando propiciar o interc?mbio de informa??esentre os departamentos e a integra??o das regras do neg?cio. Oobjetivo central deste trabalho foi propor e desenvolver estrat?giasque permitam a integra??o de sistemas nestes ambientes heterog?neos,independente da plataforma e linguagem de desenvolvimento dossistemas. Com o objetivo de resolver os problemas atuais decomunica??o e performance entre os diferentes sistemas de informa??ona Secretaria de Ensino a Dist?ncia (SEDIS) da Universidade Federal doRio Grande do Norte (UFRN), foi desenvolvido um middleware denominadoINTEGRA, concebido em uma arquitetura orientada a servi?os. A propostafoi criada para a SEDIS, entretanto pode ser estendida a outrasinstitui??es p?blicas de ensino superior. Uma das vantagens daarquitetura proposta ? a de proporcionar a adi??o de novos sistemassem causar fortes impactos de adapta??es e mudan?as, garantindo amanutenibilidade geral do software. O middleware comunica diferentessistemas help desk e issue tracking oferecendo uma gama de servi?osmediante um protocolo de comunica??o que padroniza a troca e oroteamento das mensagens. Atrav?s da estrat?gia proposta como mostra oestudo de caso, foi poss?vel chegar a um equil?brio entre o princ?piodo desacoplamento e o princ?pio da distribui??o de responsabilidade demaneira uniforme, garantindo assim um baixo acoplamento e uma altacoes?o, princ?pios desej?veis na engenharia de software. / Public and private organizations is coming to adapting to technological changes constantly because business needs independent of its expertise area, either with adaptation of best market practices or with the constant updating of its technologies given the pace of innovation. This constant evolution often creating a heterogeneous environment systems. This environment happens when we have a set of systems developed on multiple platforms (programming language, database) operating in isolation. Companies with this heterogeneity needs to adopt strategies to provide interoperability into their systems providing better communication between the softwares, these strategies will promote the exchange of information between the departments of companies keeping their integrated business rules. The main objective of this work is develop strategies to provide the integration of different systems with each other, ensuring interoperability between them, regardless of platform and development language thereof. In particular, the proposal was created and developed for the Department of Distance Education - SEDIS, belonging to the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, but can be extended to any public institution of higher education. As result of this study it was produced a middleware that uses components of a serviceoriented architecture with the main objective to solve the current problems that exist in communication and performance between different SEDIS information systems at UFRN.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-22T16:54:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline de Alvernaz.pdf: 3258845 bytes, checksum: 8738241ca38b7ab5f62b9fe9933a3457 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-22T16:54:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline de Alvernaz.pdf: 3258845 bytes, checksum: 8738241ca38b7ab5f62b9fe9933a3457 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-16 / Over the years, the assessment is the subject of much debate in the field of school education. This is because evaluate an action that requires from the teacher a political-pedagogical commitment, making it a complex, subjective and specific task. Complex because it requires a constant deep study on the subject. Subjective by the fact that each teacher uses the evaluation in a manner and adapts it to his/her reality. And specific because it considers the specific characteristics of each school, each class, each student. On the national scene, it has adopted the External Assessment as public policy on the grounds of ensuring the quality of education offered in the school systems. The external assessment seems to reflect the results of some political and pedagogical practices that have been adopted by school systems, with implications in the school routine. The objective of this research, with a qualitative aspect, was to check the implications of the external assessment in the teaching-learning evaluation practices and the pedagogical work organization in the school, as well as identify how the school actors interpret educational policies related to external assessment. We analyze the perceptions, attitudes and behaviors of the teachers, the administrators and the students regarding the evaluation of teaching-learning and the pedagogical work organization, examining the concepts and procedures related to the evaluation process. To achieve the objectives, we adopted as cut two schools in the Public School System of Rio de Janeiro, in the county of Belford Roxo, submitted to the External Assessment of SAERJ, being one among those with better rates and getting bonus; and the other one among those with lower rates and getting no bonus. In the two school units, representatives of the management team were selected; five teachers who work in high school, covering each of the four areas of knowledge, in addition to physical education teacher; and six students who took SAERJ, who volunteered themselves. Students data were collected through a trainee of the Focus Group and other subjects through semi-structured interviews and they were transcribed, categorized and analyzed. The results pointed to inflexible practices of assessment and an overvaluation of objective tests that reproduce the patterns of external assessment. There is a predominance of the quantitative aspects over the qualitative and characterization of the model essentially Classificatory of the evaluation in the teaching-learning process. / Ao longo dos anos, a avalia??o ? tema de grandes discuss?es no ?mbito da educa??o escolar. Isto porque avaliar ? uma a??o que requer do professor um compromisso pol?tico-pedag?gico, tornando esta tarefa complexa, subjetiva e espec?fica. Complexa porque demanda um constante estudo e aprofundamento sobre o tema. Subjetiva pelo fato de que cada professor utiliza a avalia??o de uma maneira e a adapta a sua realidade. E espec?fica porque considera as especificidades de cada escola, cada turma, cada aluno. No cen?rio nacional, tem-se adotado as Avalia??es Externas como pol?tica p?blica com a justificativa de garantir a qualidade da educa??o oferecida nas redes. A avalia??o externa parece refletir resultados de algumas pol?ticas e pr?ticas pedag?gicas que t?m sido adotadas pelas redes de ensino, acarretando implica??es no cotidiano escolar. O objetivo desta pesquisa, de car?ter qualitativo, foi verificar as implica??es da avalia??o externa nas pr?ticas de avalia??o do ensino-aprendizagem e na organiza??o do trabalho pedag?gico na escola, bem como identificar como os atores escolares interpretam as pol?ticas educacionais associadas ? avalia??o externa. Analisamos as percep??es, atitudes e comportamentos dos professores, gestores e alunos em rela??o ? avalia??o do ensino-aprendizagem e ? organiza??o do trabalho pedag?gico, examinando as concep??es e procedimentos relativos ao processo avaliativo. Para a concretiza??o dos objetivos, adotaram-se como recorte duas escolas da Rede Estadual de Ensino do Rio de Janeiro, no munic?pio de Belford Roxo, submetidas ? Avalia??o Externa do SAERJ, sendo uma entre aquelas com melhores ?ndices e recebendo bonifica??o; e outra entre aquelas com menores ?ndices e sem ganho de bonifica??o. Nas duas unidades escolares, selecionaram-se representantes da equipe diretiva; cinco professores que atuam no Ensino M?dio, contemplando cada uma das quatro ?reas de conhecimento, al?m do professor de Educa??o F?sica; e seis alunos que realizaram o SAERJ, que se voluntariaram. Os dados dos alunos foram coletados atrav?s da t?cnica de Grupo Focal e dos demais sujeitos mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas e foram transcritos, categorizados e analisados. Os resultados apontaram para um engessamento das pr?ticas avaliativas e uma supervaloriza??o dos testes objetivos que reproduzem os moldes das avalia??es externas. H? a predomin?ncia dos aspectos quantitativos sobre os qualitativos e a caracteriza??o do modelo essencialmente Classificat?rio da avalia??o do processo ensino-aprendizagem.

Submitted by PPG Biologia Celular e Molecular (bcm@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-05T13:21:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BRUNO_LOPES_ABBADI_TES.pdf: 4934736 bytes, checksum: 58e4c3c86d9fb96bb1476ae3c18bfdf0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-06T16:15:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 BRUNO_LOPES_ABBADI_TES.pdf: 4934736 bytes, checksum: 58e4c3c86d9fb96bb1476ae3c18bfdf0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-06T16:21:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BRUNO_LOPES_ABBADI_TES.pdf: 4934736 bytes, checksum: 58e4c3c86d9fb96bb1476ae3c18bfdf0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Epidemiologic data regarding tuberculosis (TB) show that there is still a high burden of this disease worldwide. In addition, the emergence of drug-resistant strains imposes a new threat in preventing TB spread. Therefore, it is pivotal to continuously find new candidates for drug development. In the Chapter 2 of this thesis, the compound IQG-607 is presented, which is a metal complex that has been reported as a promising anti-TB molecule against isoniazid (INH)-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. Previous studies suggested that the compound inhibits both the wild-type NADH-dependent trans-2-enoyl-[ACP] reductase (InhA) enzyme and some of its structural mutants in the absence of NAD+ or NADH and without requiring KatG enzyme. IQG-607 has also shown a favorable toxicological profile in vivo, with a considerable lesser toxicity compared to INH. However, there is still a gap regarding the activity of IQG-607 against strains carrying mutations in the katG gene, which are the most common genetic alterations in clinical isolates resistant to INH. Therefore, this study focused in elucidating the mechanism of resistance (MOR) of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the main causative agent of TB, to compound IQG-607. First the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of IQG-607 was established against eight multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates, which were resistant to our compound. Then spontaneous mutants were selected using high concentrations of compound in 7H10 agar medium, and their whole genomes were sequenced; the results revealed alterations in the katG gene. A laboratory strain carrying the mutant katG(S315T) gene was developed to assess the effect of this single mutation in the compound activity both by MIC determination and by a macrophage infection model. Results showed that this mutation was indeed sufficient to confer resistance to IQG-607. Finally, the resistance observed for a strain expressing a mutant InhA(S94A) protein suggested that IQG-607 has this enzyme as its molecular target. In the Chapter 3, two new compounds, called Labio-16 and Labio-17, are presented, which were previously selected to interact and inhibit the InhA enzyme and that had already shown to be active against M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain. A set of experiments were conducted to elucidate their mechanism of action (MOA) and to understand the MOR of the M. tuberculosis against them, similar to those carried for studying IQG-607. So far, results suggested that the InhA is not the molecular target of these compounds. Other experiments are undergoing in our laboratory to evaluate in a murine model of TB infection their potential as anti-TB drug candidates. / Os dados epidemiol?gicos relacionados ? tuberculose (TB) indicam que ainda existe uma carga elevada desta doen?a no mundo todo. Al?m disso, o surgimento de cepas resistentes aos f?rmacos imp?e uma nova amea?a na preven??o da propaga??o da TB. Portanto, ? fundamental buscar continuamente novos candidatos para o desenvolvimento de medicamentos. No Cap?tulo 2 desta tese ? apresentado o composto IQG-607, que ? um complexo met?lico que tem sido reportado como uma mol?cula anti-TB promissora contra cepas de M. tuberculosis resistentes ? isoniazida (INH). Estudos pr?vios sugeriram que o composto inibe a enzima selvagem trans-2-enoil-[ACP] redutase dependente de NADH (InhA) e algumas das suas mutantes estruturais, na aus?ncia de NAD+ ou NADH e sem necessitar da enzima KatG. O IQG-607 tamb?m mostrou um perfil toxicol?gico favor?vel in vivo, com uma menor toxicidade em compara??o ? INH. No entanto, ainda existe uma lacuna em rela??o ? atividade do IQG-607 contra cepas que carregam muta??es no gene katG, as quais s?o as altera??es gen?ticas mais comuns em isolados cl?nicos resistentes ? INH. Sendo assim, este estudo focou em elucidar o mecanismo de resist?ncia (MOR) do Mycobacterium tuberculosis, o principal agente causador da TB, ao composto IQG-607. Primeiramente, a concentra??o inibit?ria m?nima (MIC) do IQG-607 foi estabelecida contra oito isolados cl?nicos multirresistentes a f?rmacos (MDR), os quais foram resistentes ao nosso composto. Ent?o, mutantes espont?neos foram selecionados, usando-se altas concentra??es do composto em meio ?gar 7H10, e seus genomas completos foram sequenciados; os resultados revelaram altera??es no gene katG. Uma cepa laboratorial, carregando o gene katG(S315T) mutante, foi desenvolvida para acessar o efeito desta ?nica muta??o na atividade do composto, atrav?s da determina??o de MIC e por meio de um modelo de infec??o de macr?fagos. Os resultados mostraram que essa muta??o de fato foi suficiente para conferir resist?ncia ao IQG-607. Finalmente, a resist?ncia observada para a cepa que expressa a prote?na InhA(S94A) mutante sugeriu que o IQG-607 tem esta enzima como seu alvo molecular. No Cap?tulo 3, dois novos compostos, denominados Labio-16 e Labio-17, s?o apresentados, os quais foram previamente selecionados para interagir e inibir a enzima InhA, e que j? tinham mostrado ser ativos contra a cepa H37Rv de M. tuberculosis. Um conjunto de experimentos foi conduzido para elucidar os seus mecanismos de a??o (MOA) e para compreender o MOR do M. tuberculosis contra eles, similar ?quele usado para estudar o IQG-607. At? o momento, os resultados sugerem que a InhA n?o ? o alvo molecular desses compostos. Outros experimentos est?o em andamento em nosso laborat?rio, para avaliar em um modelo murino da infec??o da TB os seus potenciais como candidatos a f?rmacos anti-TB.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Patricia Giupponi Cardoso.pdf: 1457957 bytes, checksum: 77491851c890766bcc83bde133994ac6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is a no contagious infectious illness caused by Leishmania protozoa genera affecting skin and mucous membranes basically being a zoonotic infection. The aim of this study was to cany out phlebotominic fauna survey in ACL human cases occurrence areas. For sandfly collection monthly systematic captures by Castro trap from 6 o clock p.m. to 10 o clock p.m. for 12 months were performed. The diptera were placed on 70% alcohol bottles and carried to Sergio Arouca Public Health National School Biological Sciences Department Vectors Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, where they have been clarified and identified, as well. For dogs serology, blood samples from invaded residences animals as well as from a neighbour one, by venous puncture were taken. After serum centrifugation and separation, samples were stored at 20?C till serological assays performance at FIOCRUZ Public Health Nation School Immunodiagnosis Laboratory. The following methods: Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction (IFIR) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used. From October, 2004 to September, 2005, 2390 units from four species were captured. The predominant species was the Lutzomyia intermedia with 97.1% from total collected, followed by L. whitmani 1.6%, L.migonei 1.21% and L.oswaldoi 0.09 %. From 35 dogs serology: 60% (21) no reagent animals were reported, 22.9% just for ELISA, 2.9% for IFIR, and 14.2% (5) reagent animals for both techniques, definitely positive. No correlated evidences between serologies (IFIR+/ELISA+ and other results) in regard to animals residence (ill or neighbour) by Fisher statistical test were reported. It might be suggested that ACL transmission in Serop?dica County has basically been spread by Lutzomyia intermedia specie. The presence of reagent dogs unless suggestive injury may contribute for new ACL reports. / A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) ? uma doen?a infecciosa n?o contagiosa causada por protozo?rios do g?nero Leishmania que acomete a pele e mucosa, sendo primariamente uma infec??o zoon?tica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar o levantamento da fauna flebotom?nica em ?reas com ocorr?ncia de casos humanos de LTA. Para coleta dos fleb?tomos foram realizadas capturas mensais sistem?ticas utilizando o capturador de Castro, no hor?rio das 18 ?s 22h, durante 12 meses. Os d?pteros foram colocados em frascos contendo ?lcool 70% e transportados para o laborat?rio de Vetores do Departamento de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas da Escola Nacional de Sa?de P?blica S?rgio Arouca, Funda??o Oswaldo Cruz, RJ, onde foram clarificados e identificados. Para sorologia dos c?es, amostras de sangue foram coletadas por venopun??o em animais residentes nos domic?lios acometidos e de c?es vizinhos. Ap?s centrifuga??o e separa??o do soro, as amostras foram conservadas a -20?C, at? o momento da realiza??o dos ensaios sorol?gicos no laborat?rio de Imudiagn?stico da ENSP, da FIOCRUZ. Empregaram-se os seguintes m?todos: Rea??o de Imunofluoresc?ncia Indireta (RIFI) e o enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Foram capturados 2390 exemplares de flebotom?neos entre os meses de outubro de 2004 a setembro de 2005, pertencentes a quatro esp?cies. A esp?cie predominante foi a Lutzomyia intermedia com 97,1% do total coletado, seguida pela L. whitmani 1,6% , L.migonei 1,21% e L.oswaldoi 0,09 %. Da sorologia de 35 c?es: 60% (21) animais foram considerados n?o reativos; 22,9% reativos somente para ELISA; 2,9% somente RIFI e 14,2% (5) dos c?es reativos para as duas t?cnicas, conclusivamente positivos. N?o houve evid?ncias de associa??o entre sorologia (RIFI+/ELISA+ e outros resultados) com a propriedade do animal (paciente ou vizinho), segundo o teste exato de Fisher. Aparentemente a transmiss?o da LTA no munic?pio de Serop?dica esteja sendo veiculada pela L. intermedia. A presen?a de c?es reativos sem a exist?ncia de les?o sugestiva pode contribir para novos focos da LTA, funcionando como um animal em potencial para manuten??o da protozoose.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-22T19:19:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Julio Cesar Araujo dos Santos.pdf: 6913194 bytes, checksum: 9b333a5cbf9f2fbd3637734c9fbb0d7a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T19:19:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Julio Cesar Araujo dos Santos.pdf: 6913194 bytes, checksum: 9b333a5cbf9f2fbd3637734c9fbb0d7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / The sanction of Law 10,639 / 03 changed the LDBEN with the inclusion of Article 26 -A and the obligation by governments to implement the DCN Erer strengthened the questioning on the training of teachers in relation to the hegemonic discourse on ethnic-racial relations in the country and practices that contributed to the consolidation of our model of exclusion. Thus, the research was compiled from the numerous difficulties of / colleagues in the early years, when required / them deal with Brazilian racial reality and the implications of these issues to propose another possible education in my work as a professional in more than twenty years in basic education. These reflections have become responsible for structuring the survey of fulcrum in shaping that process of future professionals of the early years in education institutes in the Baixada Fluminense region, with cut in the cities of Duque de Caxias and Nova Igua?u territory where the processing social and racial tensions of exclusion that has shaped our historical links with the past. From this perspective, the survey is present the actions and procedures that hinder the participation and implementation of the respective laws in the training of future professionals of education in the early grades Institutes of Education. The difficulties filed by the responsible agency of the State of Rio de Janeiro to carry out the research institutions also help to observe the possible correlation between the questioning regarding the myth of racial democracy and the state of neglect of changes in LDBEN and DCN Erer and real possibility of changes in teaching practices. These difficulties raised in the investigations, reinforced the methodological organization of working documents that gave rise to these institutes, the literature review, interviews with teachers trained in these institutions and students in an attempt to reflect and understand, therefore, on the speeches and on possible pertinence regarding the practices and effects of the constant process of cultural negotiation, which end up causing the impressions of those who suffered from the emptying of their cultural references and consequently of their ethnic and cultural identity. / A san??o da Lei 10.639/03 alterou a LDBEN com inclus?o do artigo 26.-A e a obriga??o pelos governos em implementar as DCN ERER refor?ou a problematiza??o sobre a forma??o dos docentes em rela??o ao discurso hegem?nico sobre as rela??es ?tnico-raciais no pa?s e as pr?ticas que contribu?ram para a consolida??o o nosso modelo de exclus?o. Dessa forma, a pesquisa foi elaborada a partir das in?meras dificuldades das/os colegas dos anos iniciais, quando obrigadas/os a lidar com a realidade racial brasileira e as implica??es desses problemas em propor uma outra educa??o poss?vel em minha atua??o enquanto profissional em mais de vinte anos na educa??o b?sica. Essas reflex?es tornaram-se respons?veis por estruturar a pesquisa com fulcro na forma??o que se processa dos futuros profissionais dos anos iniciais nos Institutos de Educa??o na regi?o da Baixada Fluminense, com recorte nas cidades de Duque de Caxias e Nova Igua?u, territ?rio onde se processam as tens?es sociais e raciais da exclus?o que moldou as nossas liga??es hist?ricas com o passado. Dessa perspectiva, a pesquisa apresenta as a??es e os procedimentos que dificultam a participa??o e a implementa??o das respectivas Leis na forma??o dos futuros profissionais da educa??o das s?ries iniciais nos Institutos de Educa??o. As dificuldades interpostas pelo ?rg?o respons?vel do Estado do Rio de Janeiro para realiza??o da pesquisa nas institui??es tamb?m ajudam observar a poss?vel correla??o entre o questionamento em rela??o ao mito da democracia racial e a neglig?ncia do estado sobre as altera??es na LDBEN e as DCN ERER e a real possibilidade de mudan?as nas pr?ticas docentes. Essas dificuldades levantadas nas investiga??es, refor?aram na configura??o metodol?gica do trabalho os documentos que deram origem aos referidos Institutos, an?lise bibliogr?fica, entrevistas com os docentes formados nessas institui??es e discente na tentativa de refletir e compreender, por conseguinte, sobre os discursos e a sobre poss?veis pertin?ncias em rela??o as pr?ticas e aos efeitos dos processos constantes de negocia??o cultural, que acabam acarretando as impress?es de quem sofreu com o esvaziamento de seus referenciais culturais e, consequentemente, da sua identidade ?tnico-cultural.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:29:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 399340.pdf: 155256 bytes, checksum: 5e1e6f30d71af1101744167b5b8c0c6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-06 / O estudo de modelos de corros?o vascular por microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV) ? uma ferramenta ?til na abordagem micro-anat?mica de sistemas vasculares, por?m estudos quantitativos n?o s?o freq?entemente desenvolvidos. Este trabalho ? composto por tr?s estudos nesta ?rea de corros?o vascular e microscopia eletr?nica de varredura, com ?nfase em sistemas de quantifica??o. No primeiro artigo foi realizada uma revis?o de literatura sobre o tema. Foram abordados m?todos de avalia??o quantitativa bidimensionais (2D), tridimensionais (3D), princ?pios te?ricos ideais baseados em m?nimo volume luminal, for?a de bombeamento sang??neo, superf?cie luminal e for?a de atrito, bem como de sistemas circulat?rios de distribui??o e de entrega. Para o entendimento desses sistemas vasculares e a avalia??o de suas caracter?sticas hemodin?micas foram abordados tamb?m conceitos fundamentais de mensura??es n?o-dimensionais, como o ?ndice de bifurca??o e a raz?o de ?rea. O segundo trabalho consiste em uma nova proposta para an?lises quantitativas de sistemas vasculares. S?o comparadas duas ferramentas de avalia??o 2D realizadas por meios de programas de computadores, o la?o magn?tico e o threshold, a um padr?o-ouro. Ambos superestimam a quantidade de vasos presentes no sistema, por?m o la?o magn?tico tem uma aproxima??o maior da realidade, quando se avaliam redes vasculares que tendem a ser planas. J? no terceiro estudo, gl?ndulas submandibulares de ratos Wistar foram, pela primeira vez, mensuradas quanto a ?ngulos e di?metros de toda a ?rvore vascular. Os resultados foram avaliados ? luz dos princ?pios te?ricos ideais revisados no primeiro artigo e mostram n?o haver uma associa??o direta entre o sistema estudado e qualquer deles. Por?m, esse resultado deve ser interpretado levando-se em considera??o o baixo custo de energia despendido pelo organismo, relatado na literatura, em conseq??ncia de sistemas que n?o aderem aos princ?pios te?ricos. A uni?o destes estudos permite concluir que poderosas ferramentas para estudos na ?rea vascular est?o dispon?veis hoje e, ainda que pouco utilizadas, podem ser aplicadas a diferentes tecidos, ?rg?o ou esp?cies, sendo eles sadios ou alterados, com o intuito de se obter conhecimento vascular fisiol?gico e anat?mico.

Quotidiennement, des objets orbitant à proximité de la Terre (ou géocroiseurs) impactent cette dernière. Lorsque la dimension de l'objet atteint une taille critique (autour de 50m de diamètre),les conséquences au sol peuvent devenir dramatiques.De plus, ces objets ont une occurrence d'impact séculaire, donc à l'échelle d'une vie humaine. L'entrée d'un tel objet met en œuvre de nombreux phénomènes, parfois peu ou pas connus de manière précise : AéroThermoDynamique (ATD) de l'écoulement, rayonnement, ablation, fragmentation. La grande variété de conditions d'entrée étudiées nécessite de plus une étude paramétrique approfondie. Notre thèse est que la phase de rentrée et les phénomènes s’y déroulant jouent un rôle fondamental dans la prévision des risques d'impact au sol. Ainsi, nous avons quantifié ces phénomènes afin d'en établir leurs conséquences pendant la rentrée puis au sol : Nombre et tailles des fragments, empreinte au sol, vitesse(s), masse(s) et énergie cinétique finales. Des simulations ATD préliminaires ont permis de voir que l'écoulement post-choc était en équilibre thermochimique et rayonnait de façon importante. De ce fait des calculs de rayonnement au niveau de la ligne d'arrêt pour différents points de vol ont été effectués, en vu de développer une loi analytique permettant d’estimer correctement le flux radiatif pour nos conditions d’entrée. Cette étude a mis en défaut la représentativité des formules analytiques pré-existantes pour les conditions considérées ici. Du fait du flux thermique incident, un géocroiseur perd de la masse par ablation. Deux modélisations de ce phénomène ont été réalisées, afin d'en évaluer l'incidence en terme de pertes de masses et changements de forme, et donc sur la trajectoire. Nous avons également modélisé le phénomène de fragmentation, de l'initiation de la rupture du fait des contraintes mécaniques à la génération de fragments et à leur dynamique d'évolution. Cette étude a montré l'importance de ce phénomène sur la prévision d'impact, en particulier sur le nombre de fragments impactant et leur énergies cinétiques d'impact. De plus, les interactions entre fragments réduisent la dispersion au sol.Enfin des simulations de trajectoires 1D et 3D avec modélisations de l’ ablation et la fragmentation ont été effectuées sur 3 exemples d'entrée. Elles ont mis en évidence l'importance des paramètres d'entrée (vitesse et incidence en particulier) dans l'estimation de l'impact au sol, et démontré l'influence protectrice de l'atmosphère dans l'estimation des conséquences au sol, du fait en particulier du phénomène de fragmentation, et dans une moindre mesure d'ablation. / Near Earth Objects (NEOs) impact Earth everyday. When the objet reaches a critical size (>50m), ground consequences might be dramatic. Moreover, NEOs have a secular occurrence, i.e. at a human scale. A NEO entry object involves various phenomena, poorly or not known: flow AeroThermoDynamics (ATD), radiation, ablation, fragmentation. The variety ofstudied entry conditions implies also an extensive parametric study. My thesis is that the entry and the phenomena that take place in this phase has a crucial role in the prediction of impact consequences. That why I have quantified these phenomena in order to assess their consequences on the ground impact: number and sizgg of the fragments, ground print, velocity, mass and kinetic energy. ATD simulations showed the aftershock flow was in thermochemical equilibrium, and highly radiates. In order to correctly estimate the radiative flux for the entry conditions of a NEO, an analytical law has been developed. During its entry, a NEO loses mass and change its shape because of ablation.To estimate the consequence on the trajectory of the NEO, two models of this phenomenon have been elaborated. Fragmentation has been modelled, from the origin of breakup to the mechanism offragment generation and flight dynamics of these fragments. This study showed the importance of these phenomena on ground consequences prediction, especially on the number of fragments impacting, their kinetic energies, and their positions on ground. Eventually, trajectory simulations (1 D&3 D), ta ken into account these phenomena, have been conducted. They highlighted the importance ofentry speed and slope on ground consequences.These simulations also demonstrated the protective role of the atmosphere on ground consequences, especially because of the fragmentation.