La révolution constitutionnaliste de 1906 marque l’entrée de l’Iran dans l’âge moderne. Sensible, au début du XXe siècle, dans tous les domaines de la vie publique, l’influence occidentale est notamment indissociable du processus de modernisation (tajaddod) des formes poétiques, qui prit l’allure d’une véritable « révolution littéraire » (enqelâb-e adabi). Les poètes, nombreux, qui y prirent part, s’inspiraient essentiellement de la poésie française. Les réformateurs « conservateurs » et « progressistes » qui s’opposèrent dans des débats passionnés touchant la nature de la modernité poétique se réclamèrent tous, à un moment de leur parcours, du romantisme de Victor Hugo. Poussant à son terme l’exigence d’individuation des formes poétiques, Nimâ Yušij se reconnut par la suite dans la poésie « objective » de Mallarmé et dans le vers libre de Verhaeren. En l’espace d’une vingtaine d’années, la poésie persane se libéra progressivement des règles strictes de la composition traditionnelle pour aboutir à un ensemble de pratiques diversifiées qui constituent la poésie moderne, še‘r-e now. En examinant le rôle de la traduction poétique et la contribution de poètes aussi divers que Bahâr, Yâsami, Raf‘at, Lâhuti et Nimâ à la « révolution littéraire », le présent travail se conçoit comme une étude de l’influence française sur la rénovation de la poésie persane. Il s’inscrit, ce faisant, dans la perspective d’une archéologie des formes poétiques modernes en Iran. / The Constitutional Revolution of 1906 dates the entry of Iran into the modern era. At the beginning of the 20th century, Western influence was patent in all the aspects of public life. Among other things, it was to play a crucial part in the modernization (tajaddod) of poetic forms. In Iran, this process took the appearance of a genuine “literary revolution” [enqelâb-e adabi]. Numerous poets joined in the movement, most of them inspired by French poetry. It was clear from their animated disputes that the “conservative” and “progressist” reformists disagreed on the very nature of poetic modernity. But they all related to Victor Hugo’s romanticism at some point in their career. Nimâ Yušij, who achieved the full individualization of poetic forms, would further acknowledge the influence of Mallarmé’s “objective” poetry and that of the free verse of Verhaeren. Within a couple of decades, Persian poetry freed itself from th! e strict rules of traditional verse composition and developed into a diversity of practices characteristic of modern poetry, še‘r-e now. The present study seeks to determine the influence of French literature on the renovation of Persian poetry by examining the function of poetic translations and the role of such poets as Bahâr, Yâsami, Raf‘at, Lâhuti and Nimâ in the “literary revolution”. In so doing, it aims.

Denna studie utforskar den komplexa interaktionen och förhållandet mellan unga kvinnor och Klarnas plattform för "köp nu, betala senare". Genom en analys av plattformens värden och effekter samt identifiering av relevanta aktörer och utvärdering av etiska handlingsalternativ, strävar arbetet efter att kasta ljus över fenomenet “köp nu, betala senare”. Fokusgrupper med unga kvinnor som har olika relationer till användningen av Klarna har använts som metod, kompletterat med intervjuer med relevanta informanter. Resultatet ger en djupare inblick i hur Klarnas plattform har blivit en integrerad del av många unga kvinnors köpprocess. Det betonas att detta inte bara beror på dess uppenbara fördelar som bekvämlighet, säkerhet och flexibilitet, utan även på dess förmåga att anpassa sig till och tillgodose de specifika behoven hos denna demografiska grupp. Samtidigt lyfts dock även potentiella risker fram, såsom risken för överkonsumtion och överskuldsättning, vilket understryker vikten av att vara medveten om och hantera sådana aspekter vid användning av Klarnas tjänster. Denna undersökning bidrar till den bredare diskussionen om ansvarsfull konsumtion och ekonomiskt välbefinnande bland unga kvinnor, och ger vägledning för att utveckla strategier och riktlinjer för en hållbar användning av Klarnas plattform och liknande digitala betaltjänster i framtiden. / This study explores the complex interaction and relationship between young women and Klarna's platform for "buy now, pay later". Through an analysis of the platform’s values and effects, as well as the identification of relevant actors and evaluation of ethical options for action, the research aims to shed light on the phenomenon of “buy now, pay later”. Focus groups with young women who have varying relationships with the use of Klarna have been employed as a methodology, supplemented with interviews with relevant informants. The findings provide a deeper insight into how Klarna's platform has become an integrated part of many young women's shopping process. It is emphasized that this is not only due to its obvious benefits such as convenience, security, and flexibility, but also its ability to adapt to and meet the specific needs of this demographic group. Although, potential risks are also highlighted, such as the risk of overconsumption and overspending, underscoring the importance of being aware of and addressing such aspects when using Klarna's services. This research contributes to the broader discussion on responsible consumption and financial well-being among young women, providing guidance for developing strategies and guidelines for sustainable use of Klarna's platform and similar digital payment services in the future.

La thèse propose une analyse de la théorie aristotélicienne du temps à partir d'une lecture de Physique IV, 10–14, dans une perspective nouvelle étayée par l'examen du contexte historique et intellectuel dans lequel s'inscrit l'étude du temps chez Aristote, qui permet de présenter une histoire pratique et théorique de la notion χρόνος dans la Grèce antique. Cette analyse s'attache également à comprendre la façon dont Aristote lui-même utilise cette notion dans ses oeuvres dites descriptives. L'Histoire des Animaux occupe donc une place particulière dans cette recherche, dans la mesure où l'examen détaillé de toutes les occurrences de χρόνος qui se trouvent dans cet écrit permet de trouver des éléments corroborant l'interprétation de Physique IV, 10–14, ainsi que la tentative d'Aristote de fournir les bases d'un temps non pas mathématique mais physique. Le but de cette analyse est de montrer que poser la question du temps comme le fait Aristote se présente comme une tentative adéquate pour penser l'unité du temps et du maintenant à partir de la multiplicité à la fois du temps et du maintenant. Cette thèse s'accompagne en outre d'une traduction partielle de l'ouvrage allemand de Gernot Böhme : Zeit und Zahl, Studien zur Zeittheorie Bei Platon, Aristoteles, Leibniz und Kant, 1974, qui est la version publiée de l'Habilitationsschrift de l'auteur. Les parties traduites concernent, outre l'introduction, les chapitres consacrés à Platon et à Aristote. / The dissertation provides an analysis of the Aristotelian theory of time based on Physics IV, 10–14, and does so from a new perspective examining the historical and intellectual context of the study of time in Aristotle's work, which leads to the presentation of a theoretical and practical history of the notion χρόνος in ancient Greece. This analysis is subsequently related to the question as to how Aristotle himself uses this concept in his so-called descriptive works. In this respect, Aristotle's History of Animals occupies a special place in this analysis, to the extent that a detailed examination of all the occurrences of χρόνος in this work provides elements corroborating the interpretation of Physics IV, 10-14 as well as of Aristotle's attempt to provide foundations for a theory of time based on physics and not on mathematics. The objective of this analysis is to show that the question of time as presented by Aristotle amounts to a proper attempt to think of time and present as single concepts based on their respective multiplicities. Furthermore, this dissertation is accompanied by a partial translation of the German work of Gernot Böhme : Zeit und Zahl, Studien zur Zeittheorie Bei Platon, Aristoteles, Leibniz und Kant, 1974, which is the published version of the Habilitationsschrift of the author. The translation concerns, in addition to the introduction, the chapters on Plato and Aristotle.

Processamento distribuído tem sido utilizado amplamente para melhorar o desempenho de aplicações com alta demanda computacional. Diferentes arquiteturas e topologias distribuídas têm sido pesquisadas e utilizadas para prover o alto desempenho, proporcionando assim o recurso necessário para a exploração do paralelismo presente nas aplicações. A facilidade para construir sistemas computacionais de alto desempenho a partir de estações de trabalho interligadas através de redes de alta velocidade, aliada ao custo relativamente baixo e ao crescente avanço da tecnologia de circuitos integrados, possibilita a montagem de redes de computadores de baixo custo para a execução de aplicações paralelas. Devido a este fato, diversos sistemas de software para redes de estações têm sido desenvolvidos, visando a integração dos componentes distribuídos para a agregação das suas capacidades de processamento. No entanto, o processo de desenvolvimento de aplicações é complexo e difícil, dado que são necessários identificar o paralelismo existente nestas aplicações, e providenciar as comunicações necessárias. Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma proposta de metodologia de análise e predição de desempenho de programas paralelos, implementados com interface de passagem de mensagem (MPI), em ambientes de redes de estações de trabalho. É definida neste trabalho uma extensão da classe de grafos de tempo T-graph, denominado T-graph*, que representa, em alto nível, os programas paralelos instrumentados com MPI no nível de grafos. Com a construção de um grafo nesta classe, é possível conhecer o fluxo da execução do programa, do ponto de vista algorítmico. Ainda, é definida uma outra classe de grafos, denominada DP*Graph, que representa os programas paralelos com alto grau de detalhes, como mostrar de forma clara pontos de ocorrência de comunicação entre os nós de processamento do sistema computacional. Em paralelo com recursos e técnicas de modelagem analítica, são definidas estratégias para a avaliação de desempenho dos sistemas computacionais envolvidos. Uma vez obtidas as representações em grafos do programa paralelo e junto com as modelagens já refinadas e definidas, é possível efetuar avaliações necessárias e obter assim predições de desempenho, baseadas em dados experimentais obtidos previamente. Finalmente, os resultados experimentais obtidos mostram a viabilidade da metodologia definida nesta proposta, tanto a sua utilização e quanto à coerência das estratégias aplicadas neste trabalho. / Distributed processing has been widely used to improve the performance of applications that highly demand computational power. Different distributed architectures and topologies have been used in a search for high performance, providing further the necessary resource for the parallelism exploitation present in the applications. The ease to build high performance computer systems, by interconnecting workstations using a high speed network, together with relatively low cost and IC technology advances, it\'s possible to assembly a low cost computer network for the execution of parallel applications. Due to this fact, several applications and software systems for network of workstations have been developed, aiming the integration of distributed components for the aggregation of their processing power. Unfortunately, the process of application developing is complex and difficult, given that it is necessary identify the existing parallelism in these applications, and provide the communication needed. The control of multiple processes and their interactions are the main reasons for such complexity. It is shown, in this work, a methodology proposal for the performance analysis and prediction of parallel programs, implemented with message passing interface (MPI) in a network of workstations environment. We define, still in this work, an extension for T-graph (timing graphs), named T-graph*, a newer class of graphs from which we can represent parallel programs with MPI functions by using timing graphs. Together with resources and analytical modeling techniques, strategies are defined for the performance evaluation of computer systems involved. Once obtained the graph representation of a parallel program, in parallel with defined and refined models designed, it is possible to proceed with necessary evaluations and from this, performance prediction data, based on the experimental data obtained previously. Finally, experimental results obtained show the viability of the methodology proposed in this research, coherent strategies applied in this work and also, correct utilization of the techniques.

Processamento distribuído tem sido utilizado amplamente para melhorar o desempenho de aplicações com alta demanda computacional. Diferentes arquiteturas e topologias distribuídas têm sido pesquisadas e utilizadas para prover o alto desempenho, proporcionando assim o recurso necessário para a exploração do paralelismo presente nas aplicações. A facilidade para construir sistemas computacionais de alto desempenho a partir de estações de trabalho interligadas através de redes de alta velocidade, aliada ao custo relativamente baixo e ao crescente avanço da tecnologia de circuitos integrados, possibilita a montagem de redes de computadores de baixo custo para a execução de aplicações paralelas. Devido a este fato, diversos sistemas de software para redes de estações têm sido desenvolvidos, visando a integração dos componentes distribuídos para a agregação das suas capacidades de processamento. No entanto, o processo de desenvolvimento de aplicações é complexo e difícil, dado que são necessários identificar o paralelismo existente nestas aplicações, e providenciar as comunicações necessárias. Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma proposta de metodologia de análise e predição de desempenho de programas paralelos, implementados com interface de passagem de mensagem (MPI), em ambientes de redes de estações de trabalho. É definida neste trabalho uma extensão da classe de grafos de tempo T-graph, denominado T-graph*, que representa, em alto nível, os programas paralelos instrumentados com MPI no nível de grafos. Com a construção de um grafo nesta classe, é possível conhecer o fluxo da execução do programa, do ponto de vista algorítmico. Ainda, é definida uma outra classe de grafos, denominada DP*Graph, que representa os programas paralelos com alto grau de detalhes, como mostrar de forma clara pontos de ocorrência de comunicação entre os nós de processamento do sistema computacional. Em paralelo com recursos e técnicas de modelagem analítica, são definidas estratégias para a avaliação de desempenho dos sistemas computacionais envolvidos. Uma vez obtidas as representações em grafos do programa paralelo e junto com as modelagens já refinadas e definidas, é possível efetuar avaliações necessárias e obter assim predições de desempenho, baseadas em dados experimentais obtidos previamente. Finalmente, os resultados experimentais obtidos mostram a viabilidade da metodologia definida nesta proposta, tanto a sua utilização e quanto à coerência das estratégias aplicadas neste trabalho. / Distributed processing has been widely used to improve the performance of applications that highly demand computational power. Different distributed architectures and topologies have been used in a search for high performance, providing further the necessary resource for the parallelism exploitation present in the applications. The ease to build high performance computer systems, by interconnecting workstations using a high speed network, together with relatively low cost and IC technology advances, it\'s possible to assembly a low cost computer network for the execution of parallel applications. Due to this fact, several applications and software systems for network of workstations have been developed, aiming the integration of distributed components for the aggregation of their processing power. Unfortunately, the process of application developing is complex and difficult, given that it is necessary identify the existing parallelism in these applications, and provide the communication needed. The control of multiple processes and their interactions are the main reasons for such complexity. It is shown, in this work, a methodology proposal for the performance analysis and prediction of parallel programs, implemented with message passing interface (MPI) in a network of workstations environment. We define, still in this work, an extension for T-graph (timing graphs), named T-graph*, a newer class of graphs from which we can represent parallel programs with MPI functions by using timing graphs. Together with resources and analytical modeling techniques, strategies are defined for the performance evaluation of computer systems involved. Once obtained the graph representation of a parallel program, in parallel with defined and refined models designed, it is possible to proceed with necessary evaluations and from this, performance prediction data, based on the experimental data obtained previously. Finally, experimental results obtained show the viability of the methodology proposed in this research, coherent strategies applied in this work and also, correct utilization of the techniques.

American composer Christopher Theofanidis’s choral-orchestral work The Here and Now (2005) is a setting of Jalal ad-Din Rumi’s thirteenth-century poetry as translated by Coleman Barks. Theofanidis employs a cappella sonic contrasts, silence, rhythmic text setting, and a libretto based on fragments of Rumi’s poems to tell a story about the search for love, longing, joy, and gratitude. While rooted in traditional Western composition methods, this twenty-first-century work uses musical elements like color chords (bichords), cluster chords, changing meters, and modality, as well as imitative polyphony and unifying motifs within a new, tonal American aesthetic espoused by the Atlanta School of Composers, of which Theofanidis is a founding member. This DMA project presents warmups, rehearsal strategies, and teaching methods to guide the choir and conductor through the challenges of rhythmic text setting and dense harmonic language so that learning and performing The Here and Now is a rewarding endeavor.

The thesis claims that an experiential approach to design really does promise the possibility of scientific design of everyday life. The purpose of this thesis is to show the promise. René Descartes conceptualized the classical formulation of a mind-body dichotomy. Various resulting and unbalanced dichotomies, such as subjective-objective, internal-external, experiential-practical and so on, raise serious concerns surrounding the concept of design. The thesis raises a crucial issue about the imbalance between technological and human concerns in the context of human-computer interaction, an imbalance that has been caused partly by the mechanistic aspect of informatics and its impact on designing human computer interaction. The thesis first explores the origin of design as a distinct activity during the industrial revolution, and reviews the tide of design history from then until today. The brief review of design history indicates that design is not merely the skill of making things or presentations. This gives direction to how design can be positioned in our modern information society. Second, the author starts a critical discussion about ordinary design approaches that, it is suggested, may have hindered true human-centred design, and then introduces an alternative approach to design and research, which the author calls Human-Experiential Design. Third, the notion of Tangible Presence in Blended Reality Space is introduced. The conceptual grounding that illustrates the experiential approach to interaction design is discussed. Fourth, the thesis presents use cases and provides examples of Human-Experiential Design in specific practical contexts. The concrete examples suggest that the emphasis on ‘balance’ or appropriate blending is very important in the development of better interactive systems for health, capitalizing on seamless combinations of the virtual and the physical in Blended Reality Space. As exemplified in the thesis, the human-experiential approach, striving for optimal combinations of tangibility and evoked presence, offers a promising tool in designing for special needs groups such as elderly people with some cognitive weaknesses, and children undertaking physical rehabilitation programmes. It is suggested that such virtual-physical blends will release human beings from the strain that existing perceived dichotomies bring. Finally, the author concludes by offering a way forward, a way that is neither subjective nor objective but rather a meaningfully integrated blend of the dichotomies, which responds to the question of what it means to be human.

With the rapid advances in high-speed network technologies and steady decrease in the cost of hardware involved, network of workstation (NOW) environments began to attract attention as competitors against special purpose, high performance parallel processing environments. NOWs attract attention as parallel and distributed computing environments because they provide high scalability in terms of computing capacity and they have much smaller cost/performance ratios with high availability. However, they are harder to program for parallel and distributed applications because of the issues involved due to their loosely coupled nature. Some of the issues to be considered are the heterogeneity in the software and hardware architectures, uncontrolled external loads, network overheads, frequently changing system characteristics like workload on processors and network links, and security of applications and hosts. The general objective of this work is to provide the design and implementation of a JavaTM-based, high performance and flexible platform i.e. a framework that will facilitate development of wide range of parallel and distributed applications on networks of heterogeneous workstations (NOW). Parallel and distributed application developers are provided an infrastructure (consisting of pieces of executable software developed in Java and a Java software library) that allows them to build and run their distributed applications on their heterogeneous NOW without worrying about the issues specific to the NOW environments. The results of the extensive set of experiments conducted have shown that Safran is quite scaleable and responds well to compute intensive parallel and distributed applications.

Este trabalho é uma tentativa de aproximar o Aconselhamento Cristão às teorias da Gestalt, de maneira que se possa tirar proveito desse encontro e possibilitar uma amplidão da prática de ajuda no ambiente eclesiástico. No primeiro capítulo há uma apresentação do desenvolvimento histórico do aconselhamento e dos desafios que temos para restaurar seu potencial na igreja hodierna, aproveitando os recursos da psicologia, sem, no entanto, abrir mão de todo o elenco de recursos que a espiritualidade cristã nos coloca a disposição. No segundo capítulo são apresentados os principais conceitos de maneira resumida, procurando trazer a reflexão para aquilo que é essencial na teoria, pois o cabedal de conceitos da Gestalt é muito amplo e há um grande processo de revisões teóricas acontecendo. Por último, são apresentadas, de maneira prática, e com conteúdo pleno de conceitos da Gestalt, algumas formas de se utilizar essa teoria na prática do aconselhamento cristão, dando a quem aconselha uma base daquilo que poderá ser feito para alcançar um melhor resultado em seu trabalho, principalmente no sentido de ampliar os horizontes de quem está sendo aconselhado. / This work is an attempt to bring the Christian counseling to the theories of Gestalt, so that you can take advantage of this meeting and provide a breadth of practical help in the ecclesiastical environment. The first chapter there is a presentation of the historical development of counseling and the challenges we have to restore their potential in today's church, using the resources of psychology, without however giving up the whole set of resources that Christian spirituality to set us in disposition. In the second chapter is presented the main concepts of a brief way, trying to bring the reflection for that which is essential in the theory, because the stock of concepts of the Gestalt is very broad and there is a large theoretical review process going on. Finally, are presented in a practical way, and with full content of the Gestalt concepts, some ways to use this theory in the practice of Christian counseling, who advises giving a basis of what can be done to achieve a better result in his work, mainly to expand the horizons of those being counseled.

This diploma thesis is named The Optimization of the During Contract Chosen Through Company. It deals with an order management in ABC company which is focused on construction and service of telecommunication networks. The thesis is consist of theoretical background and analysis of current situation of the company. The first part is focused on theoretical background which are crucial for understanding to bussines process management. The analysis of current situation describes how the ordes is managed nowday. The thesis also contains suggestions how to solve determinated problems. This may lead to obtaining of new orders, increasing of satisfaction of customers, and increasing of competititvness of the company.