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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
171

REQUIREMENTS ELICITATION AND SPECIFICATION FOR HAPTIC INTERFACES FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USERS

BRAMAH-LAWANI, ALEX January 2016 (has links)
No description available.
172

No longer in their proper place : anthropology in search of its subject-matter : inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University

De Wet, C.J. 10 June 1998 (has links)
Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University / Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
173

Observation adaptative : limites de la prévision et du contrôle des incertitudes

Oger, Niels 02 July 2015 (has links) (PDF)
L'observation adaptative (OA) est une pratique de prévision numérique du temps (PNT) qui cherche à prévoir quel jeu (ou réseau) d'observations supplémentaires à déployer et à assimiler dans le futur améliorera les prévisions. L'objectif est d'accroître la qualité des prévisions météorologiques en ajoutant des observations là où elles auront le meilleur impact (optimal). Des méthodes numériques d'OA apportent des réponses objectives mais partielles. Elles prennent en compte à la fois les aspects dynamiques de l'atmosphère à travers le modèle adjoint, et aussi le système d'assimilation de données. Le système d'assimilation de données le plus couramment utilisé pour l'OA est le 4D-Var. Ces méthodes linéaires (technologie de l'adjoint) reposent cependant sur une réalisation déterministe (ou trajectoire) unique. Cette trajectoire est entachée d'une incertitude qui affecte l'efficacité de l'OA. Le point de départ de ce travail est d'évaluer l'impact de l'incertitude associée au choix de cette trajectoire sur une technique: la KFS. Un ensemble de prévisions est utilisé pour étudier cette sensibilité. Les expériences réalisées dans un cadre simplifié montrent que les solutions de déploiement peuvent changer en fonction de la trajectoire choisie. Il est d'autant plus nécessaire de prendre cette incertitude en considération que le système d'assimilation utilisé n'est pas vraiment optimal du fait de simplifications liées à sa mise en oeuvre. Une nouvelle méthode d'observation adaptative, appelée Variance Reduction Field (VRF), a été développée dans le cadre de cette thèse. Cette méthode permet de déterminer la réduction de variance de la fonction score attendue en assimilant une pseudo-observation supplémentaire pour chaque point de grille. Deux approches de la VRF sont proposées, la première est basée sur une simulation déterministe. Et la seconde utilise un ensemble d'assimilations et de prévisions. Les deux approches de la VRF ont été implémentées et étudiées dans le modèle de Lorenz 96. Le calcul de la VRF à partir d'un ensemble est direct si l'on dispose déjà des membres de l'ensemble. Le modèle adjoint n'est pas nécessaire pour le calcul.L'implémentation de la VRF dans un système de prévision du temps de grande taille, tel qu'un système opérationnel, n'a pas pu être réalisée dans le cadre de cette thèse. Cependant, l'étude de faisabilité de la construction de la VRF dans l'environnement OOPS a été menée. Une description de OOPS (version 2013) est d'abord présentée dans le manuscrit, car cet environnement est une nouveauté en soi. Elle est suivie de la réflexion sur les développements à introduire pour l'implémentation de la VRF.
174

Ledarskap i förskolan : En observationsstudie om vilka ledarskapsstilar som förekommer i samlingar på en förskola.

Östergård, Angelina January 2017 (has links)
Syftet med den här studien är att få en insikt för vad ledarskap kan innebära i praktiken under samlingar på en förskola, där fokus för studien är på förskollärarens agerande i barngruppen. Forskningsfrågorna för den här studien är; Vilka ledarskapsstilar går att urskilja under observationerna i samlingarna? Går det att använda en observationsmodell gjord för att undersöka lärare i skolan, för att skilja ut olika ledarskapsstilar under samlingar i förskolan?   Studien har grund i ett sociokulturellt perspektiv och metoden för studien är en egen observationsmodell som är baserad på Theo Wubbels (2011) definitioner av ledarskap och undersökande observationsmodell. Modellen har använts för att observera tre förskollärares ledarskap i samlingar, två gånger var. Resultatet från observationerna visade att förskollärarna använde olika ledarskapsstilar beroende på situation, vilket kan bero på att ett situationsanpassat ledarskap behövs för att bedriva en samling för att tillgodose positiva effekter på barns utveckling i sociala och emotionella färdigheter. I diskussionen framkommer det att flera faktorer kan påverka förskollärarnas ledarskap och att alla ledarskapsstilar går att observeras med hjälp av observationsmodellen men interpersonellt ledarskap kräver mer analys för att synliggöras.
175

Observational Learning of Junior Residents During Surgery: Exploring Promoters and Barriers to Learning

Raîche, Isabelle January 2016 (has links)
Surgical observation is an integral part of surgical training. Junior residents, who have limited understanding of the procedure being performed, frequently engage in observation in order to gain exposure to surgical techniques. This limited experience, and the relative lack of guidance currently provided to them, might limit their ability to learn by observing. This thesis examines learners’ perceptions of the value of surgical observation, the barriers to learning in the surgical environment, and the factors that facilitate learning within the context of the operating room. An intervention, employing predefined objectives in the form of sets of questions, was introduced and the impacts of this intervention in terms of junior residents’ attitudes toward observation were explored. Two rounds of focus groups examined learners’ perceptions: one before introducing the intervention and one after it. Transcripts from these focus groups were analyzed using a qualitative interpretative approach and focus group participants provided considerable insight into observational learning. Many barriers were identified, including logistical constraints and lack of guidance. The surgical culture, within which observation is perceived as less effective than performing the surgery itself, was also mentioned as a factor that impedes learning during observation. Following the intervention, participants felt more validated as learners in the operating room and appreciated having clear objectives when observing procedures. Participants did mention that their busy clinical obligations would likely limit their use of any educational intervention. It was also noted that interventions to promote learning through observation would have to be fully supported by their program to be used on a regular basis. In conclusion, many factors that impact learning during surgical observation were identified. While trainees felt that increased guidance for observation was helpful, the environment in which learning takes place would have to be optimized to facilitate junior trainees’ learning.
176

Examining the Effects of Different Model Types on Consolidation and Motor Learning

Moore, Clara January 2017 (has links)
It has been shown that the observation of two model types, or mixed-modeling, is more beneficial than watching a single type alone (Andrieux & Proteau, 2013; Robertson, 2015). Furthermore, observing others has been shown to lead to consolidation, however, the distinct behavioural outcomes are different than those following physical practice (Trempe et al., 2011). To date it is unknown, whether the observation of different model types, when interspersed with physical practice, will affect the amount of consolidation that occurs. The purpose of this research was to attempt to replicate the mixed-model benefit and to determine whether a mixed-model observation intervention would affect consolidation processes differentially compared to a single-model type alone. Forty-five university age students were randomly assigned to a mixed-model (MM), unskilled model (UM), or skilled model (SM) observation group. All participants were required to learn a waveform-matching task, in which they used their non-dominant arm to reproduce a waveform as accurately as possible within a goal movement time of 900ms. The experiment comprised three testing sessions. The first session required participants to complete a pretest, where they performed 10 trials of the skill with no knowledge of results (KR) provided. Following this, they did their first acquisition session where they received KR on all trials and performed nine blocks of 10 trials that consisted of six physical practice interspersed with four observation trials. Ten minutes following this session, participants performed an immediate retention test consisting of 10 no KR trials. The next day began with a delayed 24hr retention test of 10 no KR trials and another acquisition session. One week later, participants performed 10 no KR retention trials 10 transfer trials, in which participants reproduced a slightly different waveform under a goal movement-time of 1150ms. Root mean square error (RMSE), temporal accuracy and spatial accuracy were collected as dependent variables. Acquisition results demonstrated that all video conditions acquired the skill similarly in terms of all dependent variables. Retention results indicated a significant group by time interaction over the 24-hour retention interval (F(2, 42) = 3.809, p = .030), which showed that those in the MM group were significantly better at the 24-hour retention compared to the other groups, however, this mixed-model benefit was no longer seen at the weeklong retention. In conclusion, these results suggest that mixed-model observation is beneficial to motor learning at the 24-hour retention, in terms of temporal accuracy and also that mixed-model observation could potentially lead to enhanced consolidation of a motor skill.
177

"Kom nu! Nu kör jag utan dig." : En kvalitativ observationsstudie om barns språkliga verktyg i socialt samspel och lek.

Linnman, Malin, Wegemo, Andreas January 2017 (has links)
Syftet med föreliggande studie är att fördjupa kunskapen om barns språkliga verktyg i socialt samspel och lek. Metoden som används är icke-deltagande observationer. Barn i de yngre åldrarna använder ett flertal olika språkliga verktyg så som: imitation, obser-vation och verbalt språk för att leka, förstå lekens innebörd, gå med i leken och starta en lek. Studien visar att leken är komplex i förhållande till barns språk och delaktighet vilket gör att barn använder sig av en variation av de språkliga verktygen för att förstå den. En slutsats att dra utifrån studiens resultat är att det krävs strategier och en oer-hörd kompetens av barnen för att bemästra leken regler och innehåll. Något som utom-stående kan har svårt att uppfatta. Därför finns det inget krav på att barn använder sig av specifika språkliga verktyg, däremot krävs förmåga att kunna kombinera strategier efter situation, för att hitta vägar in i olika lekar.
178

Quantitative investigation of solidification in Ni-based superalloys by in-situ X-ray imaging techniques / X線イメージング技術によるNi基超合金の凝固現象の定量評価

Nam, Cheolhee 25 November 2019 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第22127号 / 工博第4657号 / 新制||工||1726(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科材料工学専攻 / (主査)教授 安田 秀幸, 教授 辻 伸泰, 教授 宇田 哲也 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM
179

"Vi köpte pappa på loppisen!" : En observationsstudie om lekande i förskolans rutinsituationer / ”We bought daddy at the flea market!” : An observational study about playfulness during routine situations at preschool.

Mattisson, Amanda, Martinsson, Moa January 2020 (has links)
Leken är betydelsefull för barn i förskolan men samtidigt upptar vardagliga rutiner mycket av förskolans tid. Därmed syftar studien till att synliggöra lekandet som förekommer inom förskolans rutinsituationer samt vad lekande får för utrymme i dessa situationer. De frågeställningar som väglett studien är (1) på vilka sätt förekommer lekande inom förskolans rutinsituationer? och (2) vad får lekande för utrymme i förskolans rutinsituationer? För att besvara dessa har vi observerat barns och pedagogers samspel i rutinsituationer och analyserat den insamlade empirin utifrån begreppen leksignaler och fantasi för att synliggöra lekandets förekomst. Studiens resultat visar att det lekande som förekommer i rutinsituationer uttrycks på olika sätt, exempelvis i berättande form eller på ett sätt som vid första anblick inte uppfattas som lek. Resultatet visar även att utrymmet kan förändras under tiden som lekandet sker samt regleras på olika sätt, både av lekens deltagare och personer som inte är involverade i lekandet.
180

Pediatric Behavioral Health Best Practices in the Children's Emergency Department

Pickering, Kristina Marie 01 January 2019 (has links)
Emergency department (ED) use for behavioral-health-associated diagnoses has steadily increased in adult and pediatric populations, accounting for 1 out of every 8 ED visits. The increase in pediatric behavioral health ED visits, combined with limited resources for treatment, has created a challenge for EDs faced with extended boarding and constant observation of this population. The generalized behavioral health guidelines used at the practice site have not been adapted for the pediatric population. This project focused on providing age- and developmentally appropriate best practice guidelines for children under constant observation in the children's emergency department (CED) using Havelock's theory of planned change as the framework. Practice in the CED was compared to best practice recommendations identified in the literature and community standards including workflow, defined roles and responsibilities, addressing the needs of the parent/guardians, and defined outcomes. These best practices were incorporated in a guideline developed to provide age- and developmentally appropriate recommendations. An expert panel comprising the behavioral health nurse manager and children's emergency department nurse manager reviewed the guideline using the AGREE II tool, and the guideline was revised based on the composite results from the 6 domains in the AGREE II tool. Based on these composite results and panel feedback, domain 5 was revised to include an auditing and monitoring plan. In addition to improving the safety and care for the CED patient population, this project also serves to increase awareness of the topic while emphasizing on the need for additional research and evidence-based practice focused on pediatric behavioral health patients.

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