The aim of this study was to identify the health needs and problems of black employees within the Germiston City Health Department in order to indicate a possible relationship between such needs and problems and a high rate of absenteeism. Although the findings could relate to all employees, this study was limited to black employees only. Data was collected by means of observation, perusal of health records and personal interviews with personnel as well as with the selected sample. The results of the study highlighted the specific health needs and problems of employees as well as factors which could influence their health status and which could contribute to the problem of absenteeism. The main factors identified included interalia poor working conditions and unsatisfactory methods of solving employees problems. Relevant recommendations were made ;· to address the problem of absenteeism in the Germiston City Health Department / Health Studies / M.A. (Nursing Science)

Aim of this thesis is to plot employee care in organizations and companies, that have a seat in Pelhřimov district. The thesis deals with employee relationships and employee care, where participate working hours and work regime, work enviroment, personal development of employees, services provided to employees by employer, employee benefits, work safety and protection of their health and their motivation and stimulation as well. The first step during processing of this thesis was studying the special literature; making of questionaries was directly connected with it. The questionary was essintial for following survey and the survey took four months. Then, acquired information were processed and incuded into graphs and charts and annotated. The result of the thesis is an undestandable picture of employee care in Pelhřimov district and discovery of the greatest problems and the most problematic branches of the national economy.

Abstract The purpose of this research was to study the actorship of occupational safety and health delegates and managers and the development of their actorship as part of their respective work organizations and the systems of occupational safety and health (SOSH), especially in the context of cooperation. Qualitative (N = 119) and statistical (N = 125) data and analysis were used at the same time. In January 2001, there was an advertisement in the Työ Terveys Turvallisuus (Work Health Safety) magazine inviting occupational safety and health delegates and managers to report about the course and prospects of their career as well as their experiences of success and dificulties. The average report was two pages in length and compact. Almost all people who responded to the invitation were sent a SOSH questionnaire. The NVivo2-software was used for qualitative analysis and partly also for statistical analysis, and the purpose was to find structural entities and invariance. The statistical analysis was mainly concerned with SOSH. The most important aspects of action are the object and the outcome in relation to the facilities, division of tasks, community and rules within the operating system. The object and the change of action were investigated by shaping different ways of objectifying and understandings their background. There are three levels of the objectifivation: 1) one-dimensionality of the working environment, 2) multi-dimensionality of the micro system and 2) multi-dimensionality of the meso system. Historical development proceeds from the first through the second towards the third level, because the phenomena of the organizational and working environment are progressively understood as more and more many-faceted and interactional. The change of the ways for objectification also proceeds through three historical phases: 1) the phase of safety at work and the physical working environment, 2) the expanding phase towards a psychosocial working environment and working ability and 3) the expanding phase towards occupational well-being, holistic organizational development and active leadership. The interaction and cooperation are important themes in the actions of OSH delegates and managers. When the scope of interaction and the activity of leadership are cross-classified four alternatives emerge: 1) conflicting, 2) asymmetric, 3) symmetric, and 4) synergic modes of OSH cooperation. In the same axial situation, it is possible to make a typology of the enterprises and other work organizations: 1) defensive and solid, 2) passive and uncoordinated, 3) active and coordinated, and 4) totally managed and renewing. When the level of OSH cooperation and the ability to endure and produce conflicts of values and objects are cross-classified, six types of OSH delegates and managers can be identified: 1) assistant, 2) representative, 3) marketer, 4) auditor, 5) developer, and 6) adviser. Each of them is better consistent with some organizational types than some others. Typical personal strategies are 1) submissiveness and reactiveness, 2) marketing, 3) proactiveness, and 4) professional skills for development. The typical causes of success in OSH include the activity, commitment and support of leaders and managers (70%), on the personal characteristics, ways of action and activity of OSH delegates and managers on the other (70%). / Tiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää työsuojeluvaltuutettujen ja -päälliköiden toimijuutta ja sen kehitystä osana omaa työorganisaatiota ja sen työsuojelujärjestelmää erityisesti yhteistoiminnallisuuden näkökulmsta. Tiedonhankinnassa ja analyysissa käytettiin samanaikaisesti laadullisia ja tilastollisia keinoja. Tapausten lukumäärä laadullisessa aineistossa oli 125 ja tilastollisessa aineistossa 119. Laadullisessa analyysissa käytettiin hyväksi NVivo2-tietoteknistä analyysiohjelmaa. Kyselytutkimuksen aineistolla selvitettiin työsuojelun yhteistoiminta-aktiivien näkökulmasta työsuojelujärjestelmien tilannetta. Toiminnan kohdetta ja sen muutosta tutkittiin selvittämällä työsuojelun yhteistoimintahenkilöstön kohteellistamistapoja ja -ymmärryksiä. Aineistosta erottuu kolme kohteellistamisen päätasoa: 1) työympäristön yksiulotteisuus, 2) mikrotason systeemisyys ja 3) mesotason systeemisyys. Kehitys kulkee ensiksi mainitusta kohti viimeksi mainittua, mikä voidaan selittää sillä, että asiat ymmärretään ajan kuluessa organisationaalisesti yhä monitahoisemmin, monitasoisemmin ja vuorovaikutteisemmin. Työsuojelun yhteistoiminnalle erityiset muodot saatiin valitsemalla ulottuvuuksiksi yhteistoiminnan kohdealueen laajuus ja johtamisen aktiivisuus. Tällöin saadaan nelikentän lohkoille nimet 1) ristiriitainen, 2) epäsymmetrinen, 3) symmetrinen ja 4) synerginen. Työsuojelun yhteistoiminta-aktiivien selostusten perusteella oli mahdollista analysoida ja tyypitellä heidän toimintakenttänään olevia yrityksiä ja organisaatioita. Tällöin yhdistettäessä tarkastelu-ulottuvuuksiksi yhteistoiminnan kohdealueen laajuus ja johtamisen aktiivisuus saadaan organisaatiotyypeiksi 1) jähmettynyt ja defensiivinen, 2) passiivinen ja koordinoimaton, 3) osittaisjohdettu ja aktiivinen sekä 4) kokonaisjohdettu ja uudistuva. Jaoteltaessa työorganisaation yhteistoiminnallisuus kolmeen eri tasoon ja toisaalta työsuojelun yhteistoimintahenkilön kyky tai tapa kohdata ristiriitoja kahteen eri tasoon saadaan 6-osainen typologia: 1) avustaja, 2) edunvalvoja, 3) markkinoija, 4) katselmoija, 5) kehittäjä ja 6) neuvonantaja. Kukin tyyppi kehitysvaiheena mahdollistuu todennäköisimmin jossakin organisaatiotyypissä, joka vuorostaan kehitysvaiheena tuottaa tietyt edellytykset ja tarpeet kyseisen tyypin, eli tietyn rooli- ja tehtäväkokonaisuuden, omaksumiseen. Vastaavasti strategisina perusvaihtoehtoina saadaan nelikenttä, joka jakaantuu seuraavasti: 1) reaktiivisuus ja alistuvuus, 2) markkinoivuus, 3) proaktiivisuus ja 4) kokonaisvaltaisuus ja kehittäjäammatillisuus. Työsuojelutoiminnan onnistuneisuuden syistä tärkeimmiksi mainitaan yhtäältä omistajien ja johdon aktiivisuus, tavoitteellisuus, sitoutuneisuus, kiinnostuneisuus ja tuki, sekä toisaalta työsuojelun yhteistoimintahenkilöstön henkilökohtaisen ominaisuudet, toimintatapa ja aktiivisuus. Molemmat tekijät saavat kaksikolmasosan osuuden vastauksissa. Johdon ja omistajien kokonaismerkitys tulee esille, kun vaikeuksien syinä johdon passiivisuus, tavoitteettomuus, tietämättömyys, osaamattomuus ja kielteisyys saavat 52 %:n osuuden selostuksissa. Työsuojeluvaltuutetut ja -päälliköt joutuvat tehtävässään toimintaedellytysten ja ristiriitojen kenttään, jonka merkitys jaksamisen ja toiminnan mielekkyydelle on pitkällä aikavälillä riippuvainen toimintaedellytysten ja ristiriitojen laadusta ja niiden välisestä suhteesta. Työpaikkakohtaisen työsuojelujärjestelmän tilaa erittelevät tulokset osoittavat, että lähes kaikissa tarkastelukohteissa on yleisesti ottaen kehittämisen ja parantamisen varaa. / Sammanfattning Syftet med denna forskning är att redogöra för skyddsombudens och -chefernas verksamhet och redogöra för utvecklingen för verksamheten, i synnerhet ur samarbetets synvinkel, som en del av den egna arbetsorganisationen och det egna systemet för arbetarskyddsarbetet. I undersökningen används både kvalitativa och statistiska metoder. Skyddsombuden och -cheferna ombads genom en annons i tidningen Työ Terveys Turvallisuus berätta om sin egen karriär i arbetarskyddsarbetet, samt om sina erfarenheter och åsikter, om framgångar och svårigheter i samarbetet. Till alla som skrev sändes också ett frågeformulär som innehöll frågor om egenskaper av systemet för arbetarskyddsarbetet. I det kvalitativa materialet var antalet fall 125 och i det statistiska materialet 119. Stora företag och organisationer, kommuner och skyddsombud utgjorde majoriteten av forskningsmaterialets svar. Det finns tre objektiva nivåer i verksamheten: 1) arbetsmiljöns endimensionalitet 2) mikronivåns systematik och 3) mesonivåns systematik. Utvecklingen sker från den första mot den sistnämnda, de organisatoriska förbindelserna mellan olika nivåer blir med tiden ännu mångsidigare och har större växelverkan. Ur den organisationspolitiska synvinkeln har utgångspunkten varit till slutet av 1980-talet en riskhanteringspolitik som har strävat till att hindra förluster. I början av 1990-talet har personal- och utvecklingspolitiken kommit med i bilden, till exempel som personalekonomisk beräkning och rapportering, som upprätthållande och främjande av arbetsförmåga, samt som kvalitetsverksamhet. Målet i arbetarskyddsarbetet har utvidgats till organisationspolitikens område. Den följande fasen kan vara en integrerad politik för resultat och arbetsvälmåga. I förändringen av målinriktningarna kan man skilja på tre nivåer och faser vilka utvidgar sig till 1) arbetssäkerhet och fysisk arbetsmiljö 2) till arbetsförmåga och psykosocial arbetsmiljö 3) till välmående, holistisk utveckling och aktiv ledning. Växelverkan och samarbete delar sig på fyra utvecklingshistoriska faser beroende på ledningens aktivitet och arbetarskyddsarbetets omfattning 1) motstridig 2) osymmetrisk 3) symmetrisk och 4) synergisk. Också arbetsorganisationerna kan med samma princip delas i fyra typer 1) stelnad och defensiv, 2) passiv och okoordinerad, 3) delvis styrd och aktiv och 4) helt styrd och förnyande. Skyddsombuden och -cheferna kan delas i sex typer på grund av den personliga förmågan att ta emot, orsaka och undvika konflikter, och den organisatoriska förmågan att samarbeta: 1) assistent, 2) representant, 3) marknadsförare, 4) mönstrare, 5) utvecklare och 6) rådgivare. Det finns behov att utveckla nästan alla delområden i arbetarskyddsarbetet inom arbetsorganisationerna.

This diploma thesis solves the construction and technological project of the production hall with an administrative building in the Vsetín industrial zone Bobrky I. This building technology project contains a technical report on the building technological project, the cordination situation with wider transport routes, the time and financial plan of the construction, the study of the implementation of the main technological stages, project of building site equipment, selection of main building machines and mechanisms, time plan of rough construction of solved objects, plan of material resources for rough building of objects, technological regulation for pilot, including heads. Control and test plan for the pilot, including heads, safety measures for the construction and items of the budget of the objects.

The subject of this diploma thesis is construction-technological project of the integrated rescue system station. The building is situated in the village of Týn nad Vltavou and will be used to perform the service of fire protection of the population. The thesis is focused on the design of the construction site equipment, the time and financial plan, the design of the main building machines and mechanisms, the technological specification, the control and test plan, and also the occupational safety and health protection.

This diploma thesis deals with the constructional and technological project of reconstruction of building Rooseveltova in Brno. The basis for this work was the design documentation for the realization of this project. The technical reports provides all the basic information about the construction to this project. Demolition works and implementation of cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor are detailed processing in the technological regulations. Control and test plans, time and financial plans, drawings of building equipment, draft of machinery and plans of health and safety and fire prevention are also component of this project. Another annex of this thesis is budget and selected assembly details.

The diploma thesis solves the construction technology project of the Leisure Center Na Fialce in Říčany near Prague. This construction technology project includes a technical report to the construction technology project, coordination situation with broader links of transport routes, construction time and financial plan, study of im-plementation of the main technological stages, construction site design, design of main construction machines and mechanisms, plan of securing material resources for rough construction of solved objects, technological regulation for implementati-on of insulation of substructure and execution of monolithic reinforced concrete ceiling, inspection and test plan for implementation of insulation of substructure and execution of monolithic reinforced concrete ceiling, safety measures on site and proposal of alternative solution.

This diploma thesis deals selected parts of a structural technological project for new building Basic school and Practical school with orphanage in Zlín. It contains studies of main technological steps, chronological plan, calculation, project of site equipment, technological prescription for concrete roof, suggestion construction machinery and another selected parts. This new brick building includes 3 floors with basement and is located in a separate educational area. Basic monolithic concrete constructions with steels are realizated as a surface structures.

This master´s thesis is dealing with selected part of the construction technology project of the high-rise building AZ Tower. The main content becomes the realization of supporting gross upper structure. It compiles in detail the most optimal proposal of technological processes, working machines, schedule, control and test plan, occupational safety, environment protection, construction site equipment and last but not least, the coordination of four tower cranes. Apart from the architectural and technically impressive draft of the Czech Republic tallest building it will be interesting to deal with progress of the whole construction. New technologies and elementary construction activities adapting to work at extreme altitudes will be used.

The subject of work is building-technology project Training center in Zasova. The study includes a technical report on the construction technological project, technical report of the site equipment project including a drawings, design of the main building machines, technical report of transport relations, itemized budget, the detailed time plan of the construction, technology regulations to of the selected construction processes, inspection and testing plans, occupational safety, environment, contract for construction works, major lifting mechanisms evaluation from an economic perspective.