The purpose of this study was to determine the various values that influence police officers within law enforcement organizations. The value systems (Tribalistic, Egocentric, Conformist, Manipulative, Sociocentric, and Existential) were based on the "Levels of Psychological Existence" developed by Clare W. Graves. A values test instrument was administered to 297 police officers. Specific hypotheses regarding value differences in law enforcement groups were tested. The results were significant in the areas of Existentialism and higher personal education; Sociocentrism and older age, male sex, detective rank group; Manipulation and younger age, male sex, officer rank group; Conformitism and longer police service, female sex, married officers; and, Tribalism and longer police service, female sex, less personal education.

The research attempts to determine how an effective loan officer training program should be designed and implemented in Texas Commerce Bank. A comprehensive program would prepare newly hired college graduates for positions as commercial lending officers as quickly, thoroughly, and effectively as possible. In order to accomplish this objective, three steps are necessary in the research. The first step is to determine the generally accepted principles of training and development. Application of these principles in a program certainly increases the likelihood of successful training results. The second step is to survey a sample of the banking industry to determine what approaches to this problem are currently in use by other banks. If successful procedures, techniques, or ideas are now working for banks similar to Texas Commerce, perhaps they can be adapted to work in this bank. The final step in designing the program is to tailor the gathered information for the specific needs of Texas Commerce. The purpose of this step is to assure that the principles of step one and the successful approaches from step two are realistically and specifically matched with the training needs at Texas Commerce Bank.

The study assessed how stimuli that contradict pre-experimental histories affect the formation of new relations. The study also assessed whether social variables such as race would influence college students’ perceptions of people of different races and job types. Twenty-six college students at a Midwestern University participated in the study. During the pre-test, participants rated the degree of “Good” or “Bad” of various pictures of African American males, police officers, and random objects on a Likert-type scale. Next, based on their pre-test results, participants completed a match to sample task that paired pictures of African American males and police officers opposite of their initial perceptions. Afterward, all participants again completed the Likert-scale rating task. Pre-test results revealed that some participants demonstrated strong negative pre-experimental biases toward police officers and that the race of the participants influenced their pre-test ratings. Individual data showed that 22 out of 24 participants changed their perceptions for at least one stimulus. Match to sample and post-test results revealed that participants with strong pre-experimental biases took more trials to complete the task, scored less accurately when conditions included socially loaded stimuli, and were less likely to change mean ratings for police officers during the post-test rating scale.

Ledarskapet på arbetsplatsen har i flertalet studier visat ha en betydelse för medarbetarnas psykiska hälsa. En till synes, relativt outforskad yrkesgrupp inom området är kriminalvårdare. Kriminalvårdare beskrivs vara en komplex arbetsgrupp med en tudelad yrkesroll vilket kan innebära upplevda höga krav i arbetet. Till följd av detta har föreliggande induktiva studie intresserat sig för hur kriminalvårdare förstår sina upplevelser av ledarskapets i förhållande till deras psykiska hälsa. Genom en fenomenologisk metod genomfördes en intervjustudie med åtta stycken kriminalvårdare. För att skapa förståelse för kriminalvårdarnas upplevelser har krav – resursmodellen, tillsammans med tidigare forskning utgjort ett teoretiskt ramverk för studien. Resultatet talar för att vårdarna förstår ledarskapet inom kriminalvården som en extern resurs i arbetet som kan förklaras som ett direkt - och ett indirekt stöd med påverkan på vårdarnas psykiska hälsa.

Crimes committed by law enforcement officers Abstract This Master Thesis comprehensively focuses on crimes committed by law enforcement officers, aiming especially on officers of the Police of the Czech Republic, of the Prison Service of the Czech Republic and of the Customs Administration of the Czech Republic. This Thesis aims to bring the readers closer to the overall view of crimes committed the law enforcement officers, to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on this issue and to draw attention to seriousness of this specific crime activity. Structure of this Thesis is divided into three parts - the general part, the analytical part and the special part. The general part defines the individual law enforcement agencies of the Czech Republic and familiarises readers with their activities. The analytical part describes and assesses the crimes committed by the law enforcement officers, compares the criminality of law enforcement officers between the individual law enforcement agencies of the Czech Republic and with the criminality of general population of the Czech Republic and also with the criminality of law enforcement in the United States of America. It also specifies the most risky groups of offenders among the officers of the Police of the Czech Republic according to several...

Com o propósito de conceituar a natureza da relação jurídica entre o administrador e as sociedades anônimas, expõem-se, inicialmente, os centros institucionalizados de poder, suas formas de estruturação e funções desenvolvidas na companhia. Delimita-se, então, a quais desses núcleos de poder as atividades de direção, execução e supervisão ordinárias da atividade corporativa foram atribuídas pela Lei. Caracterizado o administrador, aprecia-se a qualidade na qual este age e produz determinados efeitos com seu comportamento. Para a definição dessa posição ocupada na companhia, afere-se a natureza da atribuição da personalidade jurídica ao ente coletivo e sua independência em face dos membros subjacentes. O vínculo criador dessa posição jurídica, entretanto, não possui fundamento teórico uníssono da doutrina estrangeira, tampouco é consenso entre os doutrinadores brasileiros. Aprecia-se, assim, a adequação dos principais argumentos de cada teoria frente ao ordenamento jurídico pátrio mediante a abordagem dos elementos estruturais do ato de preenchimento de órgão. A modalidade do referido ato é definida pela análise da natureza da eleição, mediante a apreciação da deliberação dos órgãos legitimados, da possibilidade de manifestar a vontade social diretamente a terceiros e de produzir efeitos determinados com autonomia, bem como da função integradora da aceitação, como condição de existência de um negócio jurídico bilateral ou de eficácia de um negócio jurídico unilateral. Por fim, confrontam-se as principais características dessa relação jurídica aos contratos de mandato, de prestação de serviço e de trabalho para possibilitar a verificação de sua adequação típica e a definição de um conceito ao ato de preenchimento de órgão de administração das sociedades anônimas. / Aiming to create the concepts for the nature of the juridical relation between the officer and the joint-stock companies, this work initially exposes the institutionalized power centers, their structures composition and roles developed in the company. In the sequence, the essay outlines to which of those power nuclei the Law has ascribed the ordinary activities of direction, performance and supervision of the corporate activity. After the officer is characterized, the work analyzes the quality under which such officer acts and produces certain effects on his/her behavior. To define such position held with the company, it is verified the nature of the assigning the legal personality to the collective entity and its independence towards the underlying members. The bond creating such legal position, however, does not have unified theoretical ground in the foreign doctrine and neither is it a consensus among the Brazilian teachers. Hence, adequacy of each theorys main arguments is assessed against the countrys legal system by addressing the structural elements in the act of fulfilling the body. Modality of such act is defined by analysing the nature of the election, assessing deliberation of the empowered bodies, the possibility of manifesting the social will directly to third parties and to produce certain effects in autonomous manner, as well as the integration roles of the acceptance as a condition for existence of a bilateral juristic act or condition for efficacy of an unilateral juristic act. Finally the main characteristics of such legal relation are confronted with the power-ofattorney, service rendering and employment agreements to enable verification of their typical adequacy and definition of a concept to the act of fulfilling the administration body of the joint-stock companies.

Neste trabalho, a instituição prisional é analisada a partir dos pontos de vista de dez mulheres que trabalham como agentes de segurança penitenciária em diferentes cidades do Estado de São Paulo. A pesquisa, realizada entre os anos de 2010 e 2012, se baseou em trajetórias profissionais narradas por essas mulheres, a partir das quais se buscou compreender os impactos do trabalho no cárcere em suas vidas. Constatou-se que a instituição prisional é compreendida por tais mulheres como um lugar de embates, em que o pensamento institucional molda as experiências individuais ao mesmo tempo em que é modificado por elas. As biografias das guardas definem as escolhas que farão frente às regras estipuladas pela instituição, podendo tanto modificar aspectos da estrutura prisional quanto reafirmá-los, sendo suas identidades profissionais construídas a partir desta relação. As narrativas coletadas trazem à tona tanto questões relacionadas à vivência institucional quanto à experiência individual frente ao enclausuramento do outro. A dor e a violência presentes no sistema prisional são elaboradas a partir de um tipo específico de linguagem em que relações de alteridade tornam-se centrais. A pesquisa também contou com uma discussão sobre os limites e as possibilidades do texto etnográfico a partir de uma aproximação com formas literárias de narrar a experiência. / This paper presents an analysis of prisons from the perspective of ten female prison security officers. In order to understand the impact of working in a prison facility on the lives of female prison guards, an analysis was made of the professional careers of these women, with a focus on the narratives crafted around their experience in prisons. Prisons are, therefore, regarded by these women as a locus of conflicting forces, in which institutional thinking both shapes and is shaped by personal experiences. The personal lives of prison guards affect the choices that these women make when dealing with institutional rules. And from an institutional standpoint, these choices may promote either change or compliance with prison structures. In fact, the professional identity of female prison guards is formed as these choices are made. The narratives that were gathered in this study focus on the professional stories of these women. These narratives raise issues around both their institutional and personal experiences when dealing with people held in confinement. Pain and violence, inherent to prison systems, are processed through a specific type of language. In this process, the experience of the Other is crucial. Based on the narratives constructed by female prison guards, this study also presents a discussion on the limits and possibilities of ethnographic in an approximation to literary forms of narrating experience.

This thesis investigates the determinants and consequences for the CEO selection in Chinese family firms. Employing a special hand-collected database from IPO prospectuses of family controlled firms, I identify three sets of determinants for the CEO selection, to be specific, choice between family and non-family CEOs. The first set of determinants is traditional culture, including regional traditional culture and entrepreneurs' traditional ideology. Families affected more by such traditional culture less likely employ non-family CEOs. The second set of determinants is family human capital. Families with greater human capital have lower probability of choosing non-family CEOs. Among all available family human capital, male family members are more crucial for the CEO selection while female family members are irrelevant. Current CEO selection is part of preparation for future family succession, so the second generation members have negative impact on selecting non-family CEOs, and such effect is more pronounced for male second generations and those who already actively involved in business. The third set of determinants is family specialized assets, including family reputation and political connections. To preserve and capitalized such assets, families with more specialized assets tend to employ fewer non-family CEOs. These determinants also have similar impacts on selecting chairmen and directors. Different CEO selection has various consequences on performance. I first find that non-family CEOs are associated with smaller IPO underpricing. For the long-term performance, I use one and two stage regressions to investigate the consequences of different CEO selection. In one stage regression, I find that firms with non-family CEOs have worse performance, measured by Tobin's Q. In two stage regression, I find the estimated CEO selection has no significant impact on performance. These results can be explained from a comparative advantage perspective that if all firms select CEOs following certain patter, no firms will have comparative advantage over others and less conflict between CEO selection and firms' and families' characteristics. I further find that firms making "wrong" decisions against their specific conditions underperform much worse than peers, due to the comparative disadvantage caused by the conflict between non-family CEOs and firms' and families' specific features. / Li, Sifei. / Advisers: Cong Wang; Joseph P. H. Fan. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-07(E), Section: A. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-63). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest dissertations and theses, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

This study focused on five African American Fortune 500 CEOs and their leadership trajectory to becoming a Fortune 500 CEO, their recommendations to emerging leaders, ways in which they define diversity, how they leveraged diversity in their organizations and how if any the racial-social climate impacted how they navigated diversity within their organizations. The researcher identified only 16 African American current and former Fortune 500 CEOs in the history of the Fortune 500. Participants were interviewed either in person or via telephone with the exception of one who opted to submit questionnaire answers electronically. Participants completed a demographic data worksheet along with 10 interview questions. Two findings emerged as a result of this study: 1) All participants (100%) in this study agreed that a Fortune 500 CEOs leadership trajectory should encompass: leadership experience, educational degrees and institutions attended, mentorship and perseverance; 2) All participants (100%) believed they leveraged diversity in their organizations based on their definitions of the term and their methodical approach to incorporating it and; 2a) The majority of the participants (60%) believed that the racial-social climate has impacted their corporate diversity navigation by their actions whereas 40% believed the climate has no effect. This study included recommendations by the participants to aspiring CEOs and other minorities and researcher recommendations to Human Resource Professionals and White Executives. A recommendation by the researcher suggests that a study should be conducted on African American female corporate CEOs and their bouts with leading predominantly white organizations (i.e., critical incidents). The results of the demographic data correlations produced an outline of what characteristics makeup an African American Fortune 500 CEO, see Chapter 4.

This dissertation investigates the antecedents and consequences to pay disparity between the CEO and non-CEO executives from an equity-based perspective. While the principles of agency theory suggest that CEOs are granted higher compensation packages to better align their motives to those of the firm's shareholders, empirical research has not supported a positive relationship between rising CEO pay and firm performance. Some results even suggest a negative relationship. This dissertation argues that if organizational outcomes are determined by the integrated skills and talents of its dominant coalition, and if the management of a firm's trajectory is a shared process, then, the disparity in rewards between the CEO and those that work closest to him becomes an important area of study. / The dissertation investigates the antecedents of pay disparity and proposes that the quality of a firm's governance marked by independent boards as well as higher levels of blockholders will be more likely to temper and better align the CEO's compensation and thereby reduce pay disparity. Empirical results support the major propositions as firms with independent Chairman of the Board, fewer interlocking directors, and higher levels of blockholders were found to have lower levels of pay disparity between the CEO and non-CEO executives. Pay disparity was tested both at the firm level and at the individual executive level and both were found have a significant effect on non-CEO executive turnover for up to two years. / Central to the dissertation is a moderation model which proposes that pay disparity has a profound effect on an executive team's ability to integrate its diverse experience and educational background, and consequently, its capacity to respond strategically to its changing competitive landscape. The study examines the education, age, tenure and functional background of top management teams of Fortune 500 firms and finds support for the assertion that the positive relationship between heterogeneously composed teams and firm performance is contingent on rewards equality between the CEO and balance of the top team membership. The findings suggest that higher levels of pay disparity attenuate the negative aspects of cognitive diversity serving to impede the firm's competitive performance. / by Seema Pissaris. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2008. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, FL : 2008 Mode of access: World Wide Web.