Orientador: Mariângela Spotti Lopes Fujita / Banca: Maria Isabel Asperti Nardi / Banca: Nair Yumiko Kobashi / Resumo: A política de indexação deve ser constituída de estratégias pertinentes ao alcance dos objetivos de recuperação do sistema de informação. Isto porque, sob o ponto de vista do sistema, a indexação é reconhecida com sua parte mais importante dentro dos procedimentos realizados para o tratamento da informação, pois condiciona os resultados das estratégias de busca. O indexador tem a função primordial de compreender o documento ao realizar uma análise conceitual que represente adequadamente seu conteúdo, de modo que ocorra correspondência entre o índice e o assunto pesquisado pelo usuário. Para isso, existem os manuais de indexação que devem refletir a política de indexação do sistema de informação e a realidade de trabalho do indexador. No entanto, devido à literatura escassa sobre política de indexação, procurou-se obter por meio da experiência do indexador mais subsídios sobre o tema. Nossos objetivos operacionais são: analisar o contexto do indexador e investigar seu conhecimento sobre política de indexação por meio da metodologia de leitura como evento social/protocolo verbal em grupo. Dessa maneira poderemos atingir nosso objetivo final que é tentar preencher uma lacuna teórica sobre política de indexação. Primeiramente, realizou-se uma primeira coleta de dados com três indexadoras de duas bibliotecas universitárias de Marília - SP das áreas de Medicina e Direito que não estão subordinadas à nenhum sistema de informação maior. Essa coleta teve como objetivos verificar a aplicabilidade da metodologia para os fins desta dissertação e servir como modelo quanto à forma de aplicação do método e conduta durante a coleta dos dados. Posteriormente, realizou-se uma segunda coleta de dados com duas indexadoras e duas gerentes de duas bibliotecas universitárias da área de Odontologia, consideradas núcleos básicos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The indexing policy must be constituted of pertaining strategies being appropriate to the information system retrieval objectives. That's because under the system viewpoint indexing is recognized as its most important part within the procedures carried on to treating information once it influences the results of searching strategies. The indexer has the primary function of understanding the document while carrying on a conceptual analysis that properly represents its contents so that correspondence occur between the index and the subject searched by users. For that, there are indexing manuals that must represent the information system indexing policy and the reality of the indexer work. However, due to scarce literature on indexing policy it was aimed to obtain more subsides on the subject through the indexer practical experience. Our operational objectives are: analyzing the indexer context and investigating his/her knowledge on indexing policy through the methodology of reading as a social event/verbal protocol in groups. Thus we can reach our final goal of trying to fill a theoretical gap on indexing policy. First, it was carried on a primary data collecting with three indexers in two university libraries in Marília - SP, that are not subordinate to any larger information system, on the areas of Medicine and Law. That collecting had as goals verifying the methodology applicability towards the ends of this thesis and serve as a model in relation to the way of method application and carrying on during data collecting. Afterwards, it was carried on a second data collecting with two indexers and two university libraries managers on the Dentistry area, considered basic centers by Sistema de Informação Especializado em Odontologia (SIEO) to which they are subordinate. The results obtained from the analysis... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Mestre

本土精密機械產業在世界舞台上漸受矚目，台灣廠商之突破與創新，是促成產業前進之重要動力。本研究欲以台灣精密機械產業廠商為研究對象，以廠商之產品的開發案為主題，深入探究廠商知識資產的創造累積與能耐打造。 本研究以個案訪談法為主要研究方式，共訪問台灣精密機械業 6 家公司／機構產品開發專案。本研究以「技術知識特質」與「團隊特質」兩項變數探索台灣精密機械產業廠家「組織知識流通」之影響。本研究之發現如下： 一、技術知識特質對組織知識流通的影響 (一) 技術知識模組化程度影響組織知識流通 台灣精密機械產業其技術知識模組化程度較低之廠家，其知識吸收來源關係愈緊密。台灣精密機械產業其技術知識模組化程度較低之廠家，以人員或實做為主要之學習方式。技術知識模組化程度愈高，則團隊創造的知識亦較能以模組的形式蓄積，有利於其它專案的進行；反之，則較難以模組的形式蓄積，傾向師徒制的方式傳承。 (二) 技術知識外顯程度影響組織知識流通 台灣精密機械產業技術知識內隱程度較高者，知識吸收以人為主要媒介。台灣精密機械產業技術知識內隱程度愈高者，知識創造過程中人員培育時間較長，新人培育時間皆超過 2 年以上，而國內研發機構更在此年限之上。台灣精密機械產業技術知識內隱程度較高者，其知識儲存傾向蓄積在人員經驗中（如：師徒制） 二、團隊特質與組織知識流通之關係 (一) 團隊成員異質性影響組織知識流通 團隊成員異質性愈高，則吸收之知識越多元；反之，則吸收之知識越有限。團隊成員異質性愈高，則知識創造過程中解決問題的方式越多元；反之，則其問題解決的方式較有限。 (二) 團隊成員溝通影饗組織知識流通 團隊成員以面對面溝通形式，則成員於知識創造過程中較能達成解決問題的共識。團隊成員電腦網路溝通程度越高，則較能促進團隊內與團隊外知識蓄積與分享。 三、台灣精密機械產業的創新以「零件的模組創新」和「零件的漸進式改善」為主，與協力廠家有密切的互動。 四、台灣精密機械產業跨業的產品創新，傾向與國內研究機構合作研發。 / Product Innovation and Organizational Knowledge Flow in Taiwan Precision Machinery IndustryYueh-Ying HsuDirect Professor : Jen-Fang LeeIntroductionIn the effort of Taiwan machinery tools firms, Taiwan machinery tools has become a new shining star in the world. In 1997, the industry production value of Taiwan machinery tools is up to $1,758,000,000(US dollar). Taiwan is now top6 only after Japan, Germany, America, Italy, and Swiss. Drucker(1993) in his book "Post-Capitalist Society" had pointed out that future society is knowledge economies. Traditional production factors, such as capital, land. labors, no more play an important role. In place of those is knowledge capital.In this paper, from the perspective of knowledge, researching how Taiwan precision machinery firms use their knowledge to develop a product, how they import knowledge, and how they save knowledge.This paper can make reader understand Taiwan precision machinery firms more how they use their technology and how they raise their capability from traditional fields to new technology application.Research QuestionsThe research questions is:1. What is technological knowledge features of product development project in precision machinery industry?2. What is team features of product development project in precision machinery industry?3. How do technological knowledge features and team features affect organization knowledge flow?4. What is product innovation characteristics of Taiwan precision machinery industry?Method1.Research Structure2. Variable Definition2.1 Technological Knowledge Feature(1) Modularity* Separate degree of product technological knowledge.* The standard degree of product technological knowledge.(2) Explicitness It can be written down, transferred and shared. It is explicit on media, such as papers, and screens. 2.2 Team Feature(1) Heterogeneity Capion, Medsker and Higgs(1993) define heterogeneity as: difference of team member's ability and experience.(2) Communication and Cooperation Capion, Medsker and Higgs(1993) define it as: team members exchange opinions each other and complete the mission together.4. Data Collection(1) Interview Data Fourteen key product developers were formally interviewed. The interview took about 17 hours from December 1997 to May 1998.(2) Secondary Data The secondary data about these companies and industry information was collected from company year reports, books, journals, newspapers, and internet.

Dans une économie de la connaissance mondialisée, les organisations sont invitées à ne plus se reposer essentiellement sur leurs connaissances internes pour innover, mais à en puiser en externe. Le projet collaboratif labellisé par un pôle de compétitivité est un levier permettant une innovation ouverte sur lequel les acteurs doivent être en mesure de capitaliser. De nombreux modèles mettent en évidence les manières de procéder pour capitaliser sur les connaissances dans des dynamiques intra-organisationnelles. Toutefois, à l’échelle inter-organisationnelle, les méthodes de capitalisation au sein des projets collaboratifs ou des clusters restent inexplorées. Les enjeux de réutilisation des connaissances créées dans un projet collaboratif sont pourtant clés afin d’assurer une continuité dans le développement des activités des entreprises et leurs innovations, et pour créer une valeur partagée entre les partenaires. Il s’agit ainsi de se questionner sur l’opérationnalisation de la capitalisation des connaissances inter-organisationnelle au sein des clusters. Pour analyser ce phénomène, une investigation empirique de nature qualitative, sur le modèle d’une étude de cas multi-sites, a été menée sur 4 pôles de compétitivité. À l’issue de 67 entretiens semi-directifs avec des acteurs directement impliqués dans le processus de capitalisation, et l’observation de 5 évènements-clés de la vie des pôles de compétitivité, deux capacités dynamiques inter-organisationnelles complémentaires sont identifiées. La première relève des cellules d’animation des pôles de compétitivité qui, à travers leur rôle de boundary-spanner, accompagnent les projets collaboratifs jusqu’à leur valorisation. La seconde se réfère à la capacité des membres d’un projet collaboratif à s’appuyer collectivement sur les résultats d’un partenariat pour développer un nouveau projet. / In a globalized knowledge economy, in order to innovate, organizations are invited to no longer rely mainly on their internal knowledge, but also to draw on new knowledge from external sources. Collaborative projects, labeled by French Competitiveness Clusters, can act as a lever for open innovation on which actors must be able to capitalize. Many models identify how to capitalize on knowledge in intra-organizational dynamics. However, at the inter-organizational level, such knowledge capitalization methods within collaborative projects or clusters have yet to be explored. Nevertheless, the knowledge reuse issues created within collaborative projects are key to ensure a form of continuity in the development of business activities and innovations, and to create a shared value between partners. It is therefore essential to question how inter-organizational knowledge capitalization can be operationalized within clusters. To analyze this phenome-non, a qualitative empirical investigation, on the basis of a multi-case study, was conducted over 4 French clusters. The results stem from 67 semi-structured interviews among different actors directly involved in the capitalization process, and by observing 5 key events in the life of clusters. Two complementary dynamic capabilities are identified. The first is the responsibility of the cluster coordination unit that acts as a boundary-spanner by accompanying collaborative projects from their initiation until their valorization. The second refers to the ability of collaborative project members to collectively build a new project based on the results of their partnership.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-05-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rubi_mp_me_mar.pdf: 344416 bytes, checksum: 20187904ceffaa406ba541089c201b49 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A política de indexação deve ser constituída de estratégias pertinentes ao alcance dos objetivos de recuperação do sistema de informação. Isto porque, sob o ponto de vista do sistema, a indexação é reconhecida com sua parte mais importante dentro dos procedimentos realizados para o tratamento da informação, pois condiciona os resultados das estratégias de busca. O indexador tem a função primordial de compreender o documento ao realizar uma análise conceitual que represente adequadamente seu conteúdo, de modo que ocorra correspondência entre o índice e o assunto pesquisado pelo usuário. Para isso, existem os manuais de indexação que devem refletir a política de indexação do sistema de informação e a realidade de trabalho do indexador. No entanto, devido à literatura escassa sobre política de indexação, procurou-se obter por meio da experiência do indexador mais subsídios sobre o tema. Nossos objetivos operacionais são: analisar o contexto do indexador e investigar seu conhecimento sobre política de indexação por meio da metodologia de leitura como evento social/protocolo verbal em grupo. Dessa maneira poderemos atingir nosso objetivo final que é tentar preencher uma lacuna teórica sobre política de indexação. Primeiramente, realizou-se uma primeira coleta de dados com três indexadoras de duas bibliotecas universitárias de Marília - SP das áreas de Medicina e Direito que não estão subordinadas à nenhum sistema de informação maior. Essa coleta teve como objetivos verificar a aplicabilidade da metodologia para os fins desta dissertação e servir como modelo quanto à forma de aplicação do método e conduta durante a coleta dos dados. Posteriormente, realizou-se uma segunda coleta de dados com duas indexadoras e duas gerentes de duas bibliotecas universitárias da área de Odontologia, consideradas núcleos básicos... / The indexing policy must be constituted of pertaining strategies being appropriate to the information system retrieval objectives. That's because under the system viewpoint indexing is recognized as its most important part within the procedures carried on to treating information once it influences the results of searching strategies. The indexer has the primary function of understanding the document while carrying on a conceptual analysis that properly represents its contents so that correspondence occur between the index and the subject searched by users. For that, there are indexing manuals that must represent the information system indexing policy and the reality of the indexer work. However, due to scarce literature on indexing policy it was aimed to obtain more subsides on the subject through the indexer practical experience. Our operational objectives are: analyzing the indexer context and investigating his/her knowledge on indexing policy through the methodology of reading as a social event/verbal protocol in groups. Thus we can reach our final goal of trying to fill a theoretical gap on indexing policy. First, it was carried on a primary data collecting with three indexers in two university libraries in Marília - SP, that are not subordinate to any larger information system, on the areas of Medicine and Law. That collecting had as goals verifying the methodology applicability towards the ends of this thesis and serve as a model in relation to the way of method application and carrying on during data collecting. Afterwards, it was carried on a second data collecting with two indexers and two university libraries managers on the Dentistry area, considered basic centers by Sistema de Informação Especializado em Odontologia (SIEO) to which they are subordinate. The results obtained from the analysis... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)

Les recherches en Sciences de Gestion et Sciences des Systèmes d'Information ont proposé diverses analyses des bénéfices des réseaux sociaux et de leurs processus d’adoption. Toutefois, les usages des réseaux sociaux sont multiples et chacun mériterait d’être approfondi. En particulier, la curation digitale est une pratique qui s’impose comme un objet de recherche particulièrement pertinent. Il propose une nouvelle utilisation des réseaux sociaux numériques, potentiellement bénéfique à l’entreprise. Ainsi, il est proposé de rapprocher les notions de curation, réseaux sociaux numériques et connaissance organisationnelle au travers de la problématique suivante : en quoi l’usage professionnel de la curation sur les réseaux sociaux permet-il d’améliorer les connaissances organisationnelles ? Pour y répondre, cette question a été articulée en trois sous-problématiques, permettant trois différents niveaux d’analyse. La première aborde les facteurs influençant l’adoption de la pratique de curation par l’individu ; la deuxième propose d’analyser l’intérêt des réseaux sociaux en tant qu’outil de support pour effectuer la curation de contenu ; la dernière associe les deux notions de curation et réseaux sociaux dans le cadre organisationnel, afin d’en comprendre ses bénéfices. Les cadres théoriques de la richesse des médias, la présence sociale, l'UTAUT et le model SLAM de l'apprentissage organisationnel ont été mobilisés à cet effet. Un questionnaire récoltant 841 réponses et 14 entretiens semi-directifs ont permis de confirmer la présence d'un lien positif entre l'adoption de l'usage de la curation sur les réseaux sociaux et l'amélioration des connaissances individuelles et collectives. Afin qu’elles puissent être converties en connaissances organisationnelles, il a été prouvé que les flux informationnels de l'entreprise doivent être alignés avec les différents niveaux de stock de connaissances. / Research in Management Science and Information Systems has proposed a series of work centered around the benefits of social networks for individuals and the adoption process that it entails. However, social network uses are numerous and each of them deserve in-depth studies. Specifically, the practice of content curation becomes truly relevant in a context of digital transformation. It proposes a new social network use that can benefit the organization. Thereby, the research opts to gather the concept of social network, curation and organizational knowledge through the following question: how does profesionnal content curation on social network participate to organizational knowledge ? This question has been sub-divided into three questions, allowing different multi-level analysis. The first one questions the influencing factors of social network curation for individuals ; the second one interrogates the benefit of using social network tool to operate content curation ; the third one combines both concepts in an organizational context with the aim of clarifying its benefits. Media Richess Theory, Social Presence Theory, UTAUT and SLAM Framework has been used to bring an answer to them. 841 questionary respondants along with 14 semi-directional interviews sufficed to confirm positive link betwen the adoption of social network curation and improvement of individual and collective knowledge. To reach organizational knowledge, the research demonstrates that informatio flows and the different stocks of knowledge need to be aligned.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-02-12T13:58:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2891430 bytes, checksum: bed15c6f5d3a58753c45ded045177247 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-12T13:58:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2891430 bytes, checksum: bed15c6f5d3a58753c45ded045177247 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / This research studies the importance of knowledge management in a company in the industrial sector of the construction, considering the competitive and ever-expanding market. It is believed that the Knowledge Management (KM) can contribute, at first, with the productivity and competitiveness in organizational business and, as a consequence, stimulate social and economic development of the country. The overall objective is to analyze the process of knowledge management in Cerâmica Salema company, in view of Information Science. As specific objectives, we sought to identify existing practices in every step of the GC, they are: creation/acquisition; explicitness, filing and access; sharing/dissemination; editing/adaptation and disposal. In the methodological aspect, the research used the inductive method, being identified as an applied, exploratory and descriptive research with quantiqualitative approach. The research universe is composed of the members that make up the three organizational levels of Cerâmica Salema. As for the data collection procedures, it is a literature and field, whose instrument was a mixed questionnaire, applied with the leader of the strategic level, the managers of the intermediate level, the operational level of employees (administrative area) and operational level employees (industrial production sector). The data analysis was done through content analysis, from the thematic or technical categorical Bardin (2011), considering the categories of analysis drawn from the process model in GC represented by Bergeron (2003), which was used as a parameter for research, for allowing the identification of KM practices and information management practices, this part of the KM process. The results of the analysis indicate the existing shares in the company and the blanks in each step of the process. As for the management practices of knowledge, was identified the need to implement a Training, Development & Corporate Education Programme (TD&E) for the development of individual skills of employees. With respect to information management practices, was identified the importance and the need for a database of individual and organizational skills to promote the sharing of tacit knowledge among employees, as well as improving internal communication and means available for retention knowledge at the operational level/production. In relation to information technology and communication to support the process, was perceived the need for greater use of the tools and workflow CMS and different technologies EDM in order to contribute to improving the quality of information and the affection of the mechanisms storage and access to information in the corporate environment. Was identified also the need to review the information architecture in the enterprise portal. Finally, this study will support the development of policies and strategies for the implementation of a knowledge management program in Cerâmica Salema company, based on the evaluation of the initiatives already implemented and the identification of needs at each stage of the process. / A presente pesquisa estuda a relevância da gestão do conhecimento numa empresa do setor industrial da construção civil, considerando o mercado competitivo e em constante expansão. Acredita-se que a Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) pode contribuir, num primeiro momento, com a produtividade e competitividade nos negócios organizacionais e, como consequência, estimular o desenvolvimento social e econômico do país. O objetivo geral é analisar o processo de gestão do conhecimento na empresa Cerâmica Salema, na perspectiva da Ciência da Informação. Como objetivos específicos, buscou-se identificar as práticas existentes em cada etapa do processo em GC, são elas: criação/aquisição; explicitação, arquivamento e acesso; compartilhamento/disseminação; edição/adaptação e descarte. No aspecto metodológico, a investigação se utiliza do método indutivo, sendo identificada como uma pesquisa aplicada, exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quantiqualitativa. O universo da pesquisa é composto pelos membros que compõem os três níveis organizacionais da Cerâmica Salema. Quanto aos procedimentos de coleta de dados, trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, cujo instrumento utilizado foi um questionário misto, aplicado com o dirigente do nível estratégico, os gestores do nível intermediário, os colaboradores do nível operacional (setor administrativo) e os colaboradores do nível operacional (setor de produção industrial). A análise dos dados coletados se deu por meio da análise de conteúdo, a partir da técnica temática ou categorial de Bardin (2011), considerando as categorias de análise elaboradas a partir do modelo de processo em GC representado por Bergeron (2003), o qual foi adotado como parâmetro para a pesquisa, por permitir a identificação das práticas de gestão do conhecimento e das práticas de gestão da informação, esta parte integrante do processo de GC. Os resultados da análise indicam as ações existentes na empresa e as lacunas em cada etapa do processo. Quanto às práticas de gestão do conhecimento, foi identificada a necessidade de implantação de um Programa de Treinamento, Desenvolvimento & Educação Corporativa (TD&E) para o desenvolvimento de competências individuais dos colaboradores. Com relação às práticas de gestão da informação, identificou-se a importância e a necessidade de um banco de competências individuais e organizacionais para a promoção do compartilhamento do conhecimento tácito entre os colaboradores, bem como a melhoria da comunicação interna e disponibilização de meios para retenção do conhecimento no nível operacional/produção. Já com relação às tecnologias da informação e comunicação como suporte aos processos, percebeu-se a necessidade de maior uso das ferramentas workflow e SGC e das diferentes tecnologias GED, a fim de contribuir com a melhoria da qualidade das informações e com a afetividade dos mecanismos de armazenamento e acesso às informações no ambiente corporativo. Identificou-se, ainda, a necessidade de avaliação da arquitetura da informação no portal corporativo. Finalmente, este estudo é capaz de subsidiar a elaboração de políticas e estratégias para a implantação de um Programa de Gestão do Conhecimento na empresa Cerâmica Salema, a partir da avaliação das iniciativas já implementadas e a identificação das lacunas e necessidades em cada etapa do processo.

The key to an organization's long-term success is a sustainable competitive advantage. In a global market characterized by fierce competition, organizations differentiate themselves no longer through their competitive position or technological or human resources but through knowledge. Such a decisive economic resource needs to be managed, giving rise to the theory of Knowledge Management (KM). Because knowledge is created and shared through social interactions, knowledge transfer is the most critical part of KM. Especially in tourist destinations, the diversity of stakeholders, each with unique skills and knowledge, represents great opportunities for innovation and the sustainable development of destinations but also great challenges. Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) are responsible to maintain the attractiveness of a destination by encouraging competing and complementary organizations to collaborate to exchange knowledge. Ultimately, the tourist experience and image of a destination are created interdependently by the tourism stakeholders. By conducting a case study in the destination of Kalmar, this paper aimed to explain to what extent a DMO manages inter-organizational knowledge transfer within a tourist destination. An explanatory sequence was used to gather primary data in three steps. First, a survey was conducted with local tourism stakeholders. Then, the local DMO and the university were interviewed. The data collected from 32 local tourism stakeholders suggest that tourism stakeholders, primarily SMEs, are lacking the resources to engage in knowledge transfer and overlook the value of external sources of knowledge. The findings of the interviews point to that there is a need to support tourism stakeholders with digitalization, to encourage tourism stakeholders to join a destination network and to close the knowledge gap through research produced by universities. This study contributes to gaining a broader understanding of the opportunities and challenges of inter-organizational knowledge transfer within the destination of Kalmar.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Thomaz Pacheco Lessa Neto.pdf: 3151767 bytes, checksum: d39f096f36e24de37a2e846d245fa19e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-05 / Knowledge flows, especially in subsidiaries of multinational corporations, now have an increasing importance in organizations and therefore the discussion of research in the field. The aim of this work is to analyze flows not only through transfers, but also conversions of knowledge between the three families of intangible assets (external structure, internal structure and individual competence), since, for the creation of value, the key lies in the fact that such transfers and conversions be effective (SVEIBY, 2001). Concerning the method, this dissertation presents an empirical study through a survey applied along the Brazilian subsidiaries of multinational corporations, from a theoretical construct Knowledge-based view (KBV) where makes an analysis of the assets of individual competence, internal structure and external structure, and having for its object of study brazilian companies in Brazil listed in data collection known as the best and biggest from business magazine EXAME covering the year 2012. The study indicates, for the sample data (nine respondents) removed of the universe effectively researched (140 companies and not the initial 565), that there is the maximization of value creation from knowledge flows in two directions only by knowledge transfers and conversions of Individual Competencies for External Structure, within the Internal Structure, of Internal Structure for Individual Competencies and within the External Structure / Os fluxos de conhecimento, de modo especial em subsidiárias de corporações multinacionais, passam a ter uma importância crescente nas organizações e por consequência nas discussões de pesquisas no campo. O objetivo deste trabalho é a análise dos fluxos, não somente através das transferências, mas também das conversões, de conhecimento entre as três famílias de ativos intangíveis (estrutura externa, estrutura interna e competência individual), uma vez que, para a criação de valor, a chave reside no fato de tais transferências e conversões serem eficazes (SVEIBY, 2001). Quanto ao método, esta dissertação apresenta um estudo empírico desenvolvido através de uma survey aplicada junto às subsidiárias brasileiras de corporações multinacionais, a partir de um construto teórico da visão baseada no conhecimento (VBC) - ou Knowledge-based View (KBV) - onde se faz uma análise dos ativos de competência individual, de estrutura interna e de estrutura externa, e tendo por objeto de estudo as empresas do Brasil listadas no levantamento de dados conhecido como Melhores e Maiores da Revista EXAME referente ao ano de 2012. O estudo indica, para a amostra dos dados (nove respondentes) retirada do universo efetivamente pesquisado (140 empresas e não as 565 iniciais), que existe a maximização de criação de valor a partir dos fluxos de conhecimento em duas direções somente pelas transferências e conversões de conhecimento de Competências Individuais para a Estrutura Externa, dentro da Estrutura Interna, da Estrutura Interna para as Competências Individuais e dentro da Estrutura Externa

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:33:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao.pdf: 880937 bytes, checksum: 96f44c4a791390b6bc13a7054acf5636 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-21 / O desenvolvimento de software é uma tarefa de natureza complexa. Produzir software satisfazendo as restrições de prazo, custo e qualidade tem sido um dos maiores desafios da Engenharia de Software. Ambientes de Desenvolvimento de Software (ADSs) buscam fornecer um conjunto de ferramentas, métodos e técnicas para apoiar o engenheiro de software nessa tarefa. Nos últimos anos, para fornecer apoio mais efetivo, tornou-se imprescindível a introdução de gerência de conhecimento nesses ambientes. ADSs têm incorporado conhecimento de variados tipos como de engenharia de software, domínios de aplicação e organizacional. Durante a evolução desses ambientes, a necessidade de aplicação de semântica torna-se cada vez mais evidente, dadas características como a natureza complexa da Engenharia de Software, a premissa de integração dos ADSs e a grande quantidade de informações que armazenam. Nesse contexto, ontologias e máquinas de inferência são tecnologias-chave para possibilitar uma gerência mais adequada do conhecimento envolvido e fornecer apoio mais amplo aos usuários. Esta dissertação discute como ontologias estão sendo utilizadas no ambiente ODE (Ontology-based software Development Environment) com o objetivo de evoluí-lo para um ADS Semântico. Nesse intuito, foi desenvolvida uma Ontologia de Organizações de Software para que conhecimento organizacional seja incorporado ao ambiente. O trabalho também propõe uma infra-estrutura capaz de prover serviços semânticos baseados em conhecimento ontológico e que objetiva facilitar e disseminar o uso de semântica no ambiente ODE. / Software development is a complex task. One of the biggest challenges of Software Engineering is to produce software satisfying restrictions as time, cost, and quality. Software Engineering Environments (SEEs) try to provide a collection of tools, methods, and techniques to support the software engineer in this task. To offer a more effective support, in the last years, the introduction and management of knowledge in SEEs became indispensable. SEEs have been incorporating several types of knowledge, including software engineering, application domains, and organizational knowledge. During SEEs evolution, the need for the application of semantics becomes more and more evident, given characteristics such as the complex nature of Software Engineering, the integration premise of SEEs, and the great amount of information they store. In this context, ontologies and inference machines are key technologies to allow more adequate knowledge management and to provide a wider support to users. This work presents how ontologies have been used in ODE (Ontology-based software Development Environment), to make it a Semantic SEE (SSEE). For that, we developed a Software Organization Ontology to incorporate organizational knowledge to the environment. The work also proposes an infrastructure to provide semantic services based on ontological knowledge, aiming to facilitate and disseminate the use of semantics in ODE environment.

Submitted by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-09-26T21:10:33Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Caetano, Samuel Sabino-2013-dissertação.pdf: 1031464 bytes, checksum: 39f6a5947aed90b8f7c8e56b76d93e5a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-09-26T21:12:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Caetano, Samuel Sabino-2013-dissertação.pdf: 1031464 bytes, checksum: 39f6a5947aed90b8f7c8e56b76d93e5a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-26T21:12:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Caetano, Samuel Sabino-2013-dissertação.pdf: 1031464 bytes, checksum: 39f6a5947aed90b8f7c8e56b76d93e5a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-09 / Increasingly, learning in groups has become present in school environments. This fact is also part of the organizations, when considers learning in the workplace. Conscious of the importance of group learning at the workplace (CSCL@Work) emerges as an application area. In Computer Supported Collaborative Learning(CSCL), researchers have been struggling to maximize the performance of groups by techniques for forming groups. Is that why this study developed three (3) algorithmic approaches to formation of intraheterogeneous and inter-homogeneous groups, as well as a model proposed in this work in which integrates dichotomous functional characteristics and preferred roles. We made an algorithm that generates random groups, a Canonical Genetic Algorithm and Hybrid Genetic Algorithm. We obtained the input data of the algorithm by a survey conducted at the Court of the State of Goiás to identify dichotomous functional characteristics, and after we categorize these characteristics, based on the data found and the model proposed group formation. Starting at real data provided of employees whom participated in a course by Distance Education (EaD), we apply the model and we obtained the input data related to functional features. As regards the favorite roles, we assigned randomly values to the employees aforementioned, from a statistical statement made by Belbin into companies in the United Kingdom. Then, we executed the algorithms in three test cases, one considering the preferred papers and functional characteristics, while the other two separately considering each of these perspectives. Based on the results obtained, we found that the hybrid genetic algorithm outperforms the canonical genetic algorithm and random generator. / A aprendizagem em grupos tem se tornado realidade cada vez mais presente nos ambientes de ensino. Esta realidade também faz parte das organizações quando considera-se a aprendizagem no contexto do trabalho. Cientes da importância da aprendizagem em grupo no ambiente de trabalho, uma nova abordagem, denominada CSCL@Work, surge como uma aplicação da área Aprendizagem Colaborativa Apoiada pelo Computador, no inglês, Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL), no ambiente de trabalho. Em CSCL, pesquisadores tem se esforçado cada vez mais para maximizar o desempenho dos grupos através de técnicas para formação de grupos. Por isso neste trabalho desenvolvemos 3 (três) abordagens algorítmicas para formação de grupos intra-heterogêneos e inter-homogêneos, a partir de um modelo proposto nesta pesquisa, que integra características funcionais dicotômicas e papéis preferidos. Confeccionamos um algoritmo que gera grupos aleatoriamente, um algoritmo genético canônico e um algoritmo genético híbrido. Para obter os dados de entrada do algoritmo, realizamos uma pesquisa no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Goiás para identificar características funcionais dicotômicas, categorizamos estas características, com base nos dados encontrados e no modelo de formação de grupos proposto. A partir de dados reais fornecidos de funcionários que participaram de um curso por Educação a Distância (EaD), aplicamos o modelo e obtivemos os dados de entrada relativos às características funcionais. Quanto aos papéis preferidos, atribuímos os valores aleatoriamente aos funcionários mencionados, partindo de um levantamento estatístico feito por Belbin em empresas no Reino Unido. Em seguida, executamos os algoritmos em três casos de testes, um considerando as características funcionais e papéis preferidos, e os outros dois considerando separadamente cada uma destas perspectivas. A partir dos resultados obtidos, constatamos que o algoritmo genético híbrido obtém resultados superiores ao algoritmo genético canônico e método aleatório.