Detta projekt har gått ut på att förstå det psykologiska begreppet Flow teoretiskt för att sedan praktiskt implementera det i ett spel, vars utveckling med spelmotorn Unity också hör till detta projekt. Flow kallas det optimala tillstånd som en människa kan komma in i när den utför en aktivitet och blir helt försjunken i aktiviteten att den glömmer bort viktiga saker som till exempel att gå på toalett. Tanken är att låta en aktivitets utmaning vara balanserad med personens skicklighet. Genom att ta fram några förslag på förbättringar, av ett redan existerande bowlingspel har dessa sedan implementerats. Spelet har sedan testats av några deltagare och utvärderats med ett formulär och genom observation om huruvida deltagarna uppnådde en flowupplevelse eller inte. Resultatet visade sig vara något positivare än vad det borde vara, men ändå värdefullt och användbart. Syftet med projektet uppfylldes och frågeställningarna blev besvarade.

What should I do? As long as I am aware of the relevant facts of the situation and deliberating soundly, Bernard Williams argues that I should do what I want to do. It makes no sense to say that there are reasons that are fixed objects of concern, or values, that exist for an agent regardless of what she is in fact motivated to do. Reasons, for Williams, are hypothetical. I argue that he takes this view of practical reason because of a prior answer to the question “How should I live?”. A universal account of the good life would mean an account of values, or interests, that all human beings should have. Williams thinks it is not possible to give a universal account of the good life for human beings; any such account must be constructed out of the particular reasons of a community. But, he takes a constructivist view of the good life because he thinks that to be universal an account of the good life would have to be objective. Since objectivity cannot be achieved, he argues, neither can universality. Williams is only half right. That objectivity is not possible is inconsequential. A foundation for ethics has to be internal, but this does not preclude it being universal. I develop such a foundation based on the Aristotelian conception of human nature. A life cannot be wholly good if it is not self-respecting. Moreover, self-respect fits the framework for the specification of the good life that this foundation provides: I argue that self-respect can be shown to have a structure which provides an account of real interests - reasons that are objects of fixed concern. As such, reasons recognise rather than construct the good, making categorical reasons possible. A person can have a reason to change or act, even if reason itself cannot effect that change or action. Thus, I can be wrong about what I should do not only by being wrong about what would count as a satisfaction of my interests, but also by being wrong about what my interests are.

The writer has drawn a parallel between the co-operative agricultural communities proposed by Robert Owen in England during the nineteenth century and the "kolkhozy" or collective farms of Soviet Russia. Both the co-operative communities and the collective farms were offered as solutions to the problems of unemployment, food scarcity, and general dislocation following war and the beginning of industrialization. Both solutions were based on the development of large-scale, scientific, co-operative agriculture. An examination of the measures employed in these solutions - for example, the allotment of land, the organization and payment of labour, the roles of government and education - illustrate further the parallel between Owen's "Home Colonies" and the Soviet kolkhozy. This similarity may exist for a number of reasons, but it is the writer's opinion that Robert Owen's proposals for co-operative agricultural communities had an influence on the shaping of the Soviet collective farm system. / Arts, Faculty of / Central Eastern Northern European Studies, Department of / Graduate

Orientador: Mauricio Tragtenberg / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-13T21:24:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magnani_ReginaMariaAlvesdeGodoy_M.pdf: 1339315 bytes, checksum: 86f482b423c39657f1b5ddd9135ef959 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1987 / Resumo: As relações entre trabalho, educação, direção e autoridade, em seus aspectos psicossociais, administrativos e psicopedagógicos, têm seduzido, desde há muito, os especialistas que abordam estes temas sob pontos de vista diversos. Elegemos para objeto de estudo destas relações, o trabalho de Robert Owen em New Lanark, na Escócia e, em New Harmony, nos Estados Unidos, no início do século XIX. No primeiro capítulo deste estudo, tentamos descrever em rápidas pinceladas o background histórico em que se inserem a vida e a obra de Owen. A seguir, foi feito um levantamento biográfico de Owen, situando-o no conjunto de sua época. Dando continuação, fizemos um breve relato da história da educação popular até chegarmos em Owen. Para iniciar o segundo capítulo, colocamos as idéias sociais de Owen - embasadas na "teoria das circunstâncias" para a qual o homem é produto do meio ambiente - que são a sustentação teórica de sua prática. A seguir, descrevemos a experiência de Owen na fábrica têxtil de New Lanark dando ênfase à escola e discutindo suas idéias pedagógicas, que mais tarde foram retomadas por Marx e Engels. Em seguida, relatamos a formação e a organização da comunidade libertária de New Harmony, tentando mostrar o seu caráter de atualidade. Concluímos que a proposta pedagógica de Owen coloca-o entre aqueles que defendem uma crescente integração entre trabalho e educação, através da incorporação deste como instrumento pedagógico essencial e, pela sua inclusão, como conteúdo educacional sobre o qual a educação deveria constituir uma reflexão crítica própria, que permitisse um melhor conhecimento do mundo do trabalho e das relações que nele se desenvolvem. É a chamada "Pedagogia do Trabalho". Tentamos demonstrar também, no decorrer de nosso estudo, que o pensamento utópico enquanto elemento de confronto com a sociedade injusta, enquanto sonho de justiça, enquanto conquista de adesões para a necessidade de transformação social, enquanto momento em que a "revolução ganha os corações", teve e tem um valor extraordinário no processo concreto de luta para mudança das relações sociais injustas que ainda perduram em nossa sociedade. / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Administração e Supervisão Educacional / Mestre em Educação

Thesis (S.B. in Literature)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Humanities, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. / Introduction: The infantrymen of the Great War experienced the unimaginable. Soldiers in the trenches internalized images of confusion and gore, and returned to a society unwilling and often unable to comprehend their sacrifices. For nearly 65,000 of these soldiers, their experiences on the front brought on hysteria, mental breakdown, muteness, paralysis, and other bizarre physical maladies (ER, 189). The medical description of the mental conditions that precipitated so many of these symptoms underwent a dramatic evolution as more and more cases were reported. These conditions were first collected under the terse assignation of "shell-shock," linking the range of maladies to the psychological influence of heavy artillery as well as referring tacitly to ontological theories of physical lesions in cerebral tissue. Such diagnostic projections were assisted by patients who, upon solicitation, readily supplied anecdotal evidence of mortar blasts. As the war progressed, however, the appearance of cases not directly linked to close-proximity explosions prompted the search for a non-physical term; "neuroses" was put into use, and an epistemological link to madness was established. Finally, in the search for a more scientific label, physicians decided upon "neurasthenia," a psychiatric condition linked to exhaustion and memory loss. These three terms - shell-shock, neurasthenia, and neuroses - were used interchangeably in public, political, and military discourse throughout the war, but most of the physicians who worked in Great Britain's mental wards were less careless. Each term bore a distinct epistemological weight: shell-shock clearly implied both physical causality and temporariness, neurasthenia referred to a specific mental condition, and neuroses hinted at a psychological disease "entity." Every subsequent war since the medical "discovery" of shell-shock has occasioned another evolution in terminology, and each new term has since fought to position its particular insight alongside an epistemological backlog that accrued new facets more often than it changed form in totality. Disassembling such networks of discourse thus requires historicizing conflicting definitions. The theories of psychoanalysis put forth by Sigmund Freud loomed large for many of the figures in these debates, both as an inspiration for cerebral therapeutics and as a challenge to the conventionalism and psychological materialism of the pre-war medical establishment. In subtly adapting Freud's insights, however, the practitioners of post-Freudian psychoanalysis pushed the official discourse on shell-shock in a different direction, leading to a more sophisticated understanding that was less accepting of paradigmatic and ideological identifications of Britishness with courage, character, and mental fortitude ... / by Thomas C. Schilling. / S.B.in Literature

Uppsatsen är en jämförande studie mellan den estniska och svenska förskolan under 1800-talet. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur förskolorna utvecklats i de respektive länderna och om det går att se några likheter eller skillnader. Uppsatsen behandlar bl. a. barnsynen, de tidiga pedagogerna och de första barninstitutionerna. Frågeställningar vi utgått ifrån är: När inrättades de första barninstitutionerna i Estland och Sverige, varför bildades de, vad var de till för och hur har de sett ut? Vilka var de tidigaste pedagogerna och vilka var deras grundtankar om barn? Har de tidigare pedagogernas barnsyn påverkat lärarinnornas syn på barn? Metoden som används är en innehållsanalys där materialet är hämtat från tryckt litteratur samt elektronisk media. Den tidigare forskningen belyser bl. a. Fröbels, Owens och Pestalozzis idéer och tankar kring barninstitutionerna och deras syn på barn.

<p> This thesis reports the results of a study that aims to develop and implement a simple, yet effective substrate identification and classification scheme for the Owen Sound and Colpoy' s Bay region of southern Georgian Bay using side scan sonar data. Documentation of substrate types in the study area is required to enhance fish rehabilitation programs conducted by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Over 500km of side scan sonar data and 1 OOkm of sub-bottom seismic data were collected in Owen Sound and Colpoy' s Bay during the summer of 2004. Analysis of the side scan images allowed identification of seven substrate types in the two bays including mud (Facies 1), sand (Facies 2), sand with ripples or dunes (Facies 3 and 4), sand with boulders (Facies 5), boulder rich lake floors (Facies 6) and bedrock (Facies 7). Patches of aquatic vegetation could also be identified on the images. Sub-bottom seismic data collected concurrently with the side scan data were used to validate interpretations of substrate type made from side scan images. This substrate identification system appears to serve as a rapid and cost-effective method of determining substrate characteristics based solely on the geophysical properties of acquired sonar and seismic data. </p> <p> Lake floor sediment distribution maps of Owen Sound and Colpoy' s Bay were subsequently created from the side scan data using both a computer-based and a more traditional hand-drawn technique. The hand-drawn mapping technique integrated interpretation of side scan images with sub-bottom seismic data and pre-existing knowledge of bathymetry, shoreline sediment types and environmental factors and appears to present the most realistic delineation of surface sediment distributions in Owen Sound and Colpoy's Bay. Substrate types within both bays can be subdivided into three distinct zones; Zone 1 is mud-rich and lies in water depths greater than 30m; Zone 2 includes sand dominated substrates and is found in water depths of between Om and 40m and Zone 3, found on exposed shoals and in shallow water areas consists of the coarsegrained gravel and bedrock substrates preferred as fish spawning grounds. </p> <p> This is the first side scan study to have been conducted in southern Georgian Bay and the results can be used to more effectively plan and design fish rehabilitation and restoration projects in the region. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Par le biais de trois voix narratives distinctes, le roman raconte l’histoire de Tas-d’roches, l’homme fort du village de Saint-Nérée. Entre le pastiche rabelaisien, la poésie innue et le roman de chevalerie, multipliant les jeux de mise en page et de typographie, le récit traite des relations du héros avec sa famille, ses amis, le lieu qu’il habite et la femme de sa vie. Partant du constat que Tas-d’roches est un roman difficile à décrire, l’essai qui l’accompagne montre qu’une théorie méconnue et datée - mais étayée par des publications récentes dans les domaines de la neurologie (McGilclirist, 2009), de la phénoménologie (Bortoft, 2012) et de la linguistique (Guillaume, 2007) - selon laquelle tout texte exprime un degré de tension entre modes poétique et prosaïque de conscience (Barfield, 1928) permet de mettre en relation les aspects diégétiques et formels de Tas-d’roches et d’en offrir une description globalement satisfaisante.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of South Africa, 2002.

Les Epigrammes de John Owen (1564 ?-1622) constituent un ensemble unique dans la production néo-latine, tant par le nombre de pièces qui le composent, environ mille cinq cent, que par le niveau d'excellence atteint par le " Martial anglais " (gallois, plutôt) qui fit du monodistique l'instrument privilégié de son génie. Le recueil du poète, qui connut pendant plus d'un siècle un véritable rayonnement européen, reflète son époque de composition en bien des points : la préférence accordée à l'inspiration satirique et morale, le culte de la brièveté ingénieuse, la recherche du bon mot et le plaisir du jeu verbal étaient en effet à même de satisfaire les zélateurs de l'esprit nouveau qui s'affirmait alors en Angleterre, vers la fin de l'ère élisabéthaine. L'épigramme owenienne est donc d'abord un exercice de subtilité, et l'étude du recueil, qui se présente au lecteur dans un savant désordre, révèle aussi la subtilité des liens qui régissent son organisation. Celle-ci ne dit pas seulement le soin apporté par le poète à son texte, qui témoigne d'une ambition certaine, mais souligne encore l'extraordinaire variété des sujets qui répond à une caractéristique du genre et à la volonté affirmée d'Owen de faire feu de tout bois. De cet ensemble kaléidoscopique, riche de ses propres échos et où le second degré apparaît souvent comme un témoignage de respect à l'égard de la tradition sur laquelle l'œuvre s'est construite (celle de la poésie morale et gnomique), il faut, enfin, souligner la modernité et la beauté qui sont les secrets du grand œuvre ; en cela, John Owen est bien l'héritier légitime de Martial