[pt] Esta pesquisa aborda o vídeodesign, estratégias narrativas, produção e memória de cultura material e os níveis de realidade propostos por Pier Paolo Pasolini. O trabalho tem como campo o projeto Rocinha, Foco na Cultura, realizado com técnicas do Museu da Pessoa, parceria do Laboratório DHIS, Rocinha em Foco e Museu Sankofa da Rocinha e contou com apoio financeiro do edital Favela Inteligente, realizado pela FAPERJ. Este visa difundir trabalhadores locais como forma a nutrir a memória de suas práticas e ampliar a difusão e valorização dos saberes. Assim, a dissertação parte do pressuposto de que há uma invisibilidade relativa para a mídia hegemônica e para a academia dos processos produtivos das culturas periféricas. Já no âmbito do audiovisual, o objetivo é compreender se há uma nova realidade Pasoliniana na multiplicidade de alternativas de uso deste veículo na contemporaneidade. Seu recorte experimental realiza um vídeo que narra essa nova especificidade centrada na multiplicidade de suportes e funções. A união entre universidade e favela, mídias sociais e museus, audiovisual e materialidades diversas, o artesanal e o industrial e ainda entre memória e difusão são algumas relações que serão usadas para propor uma nova realidade na lógica do autor. / [en] This research addresses videodesign, narrative strategies, production, and the memory of material culture, as well as the levels of reality proposed by Pier Paolo Pasolini. The work focuses on the Project Rocinha, Foco na Cultura, carried out using techniques from Museu da Pessoa, in partnership with the DHIS Laboratory, Rocinha em Foco and Museu Sankofa da Rocinha, with financial support from the Favela Inteligente grant, provided by FAPERJ. It aims to promote local workers as a way to nourish the memory of practices and enhance the dissemination and appreciation of knowledge. Therefore, the dissertation assumes that there is a relative invisibility in the mainstream media and academia regarding the productive processes of peripheral cultures. Within the audiovisual scope, the objective is to understand if there is a new Pasolinian reality in the multiplicity of alternatives on using this media in contemporary times. Its experimental approach creates a video that narrates this new specificity focused on the multiplicity of supports and functions. The connection between the university and the favela, social media and museums, audiovisual and various materialities, the handmade and the industrial, as well as between memory and its dissemination are some of the relationships that will be used to propose a new reality according to the author s logic.

[pt] A presente tese apresenta uma análise sobre os impactos da pós-patrimonialização do Sítio Arqueológico do Cais do Valongo, localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, no que diz respeito à construção dos vínculos identitários e de pertencimento dos moradores do bairro da Saúde (RJ), após ser reconhecido pela Organização das Nações Unidas para Educação, Ciência e Cultura (UNESCO) desde 2017, como patrimônio material e imaterial da Humanidade. Para realização do estudo, partiu-se do pressuposto que o convencimento realizado junto aos moradores a respeito do legado cultural e do reconhecimento do Cais do Valongo se constituiu como uma estratégia para manutenção da memória coletiva em função de ser um marco na representação da dinâmica escravocrata nas Américas. Partiu-se de uma abordagem qualitativa, cujo aporte metodológico se efetivou através do trabalho de campo, com visitas guiadas para melhor conhecimento histórico da região, bem como participação em atividades culturais, o que permitiu proceder uma observação direta no bairro, tanto para conhecimento e aproximação com moradores e lideranças locais, como para a escuta dos sujeitos, pois foram realizadas entrevistas de cunho semiestruturada, buscando compreender como as experiências simbólicas produzidas no espaço urbano da cidade carioca, vem se estabelecendo, sobretudo no processo de construção social em relação o seu lugar e o seu sentido, considerando que essas práticas são atravessadas por relações de poder que impactam na forma como as pessoas constroem suas referências, uma vez que o espaço foi e continua sendo representado pelas reivindicações da população afro-brasileira mobilizada pelas atividades do movimento negro e lideranças locais, no qual o passado e as tradições são reafirmadas pelas trocas sociais existentes. Mas, por outro lado, ocorreu uma nova centralidade para o bairro da Saúde, com aumento dos aluguéis, e com a dinâmica dos ciclos de investimentos e desinvestimentos do capitalismo, que impactou na vida do morador diante de um movimento de especulação imobiliária que teve relação direta com a articulação entre intervenções urbanas e a constituição de todo um aparato voltado para fortalecimento do setor de serviços. / [en] This thesis presents an analysis of the impacts of the post-patrimonialization of the Archaeological Site of Cais do Valongo, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, with regard to the construction of identity bonds and belonging of the residents of the neighborhood of Saúde (RJ), after being recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) since 2017, as tangible and intangible heritage of humanity. To carry out the study, it was assumed that convincing residents about the cultural legacy and recognition of Cais do Valongo constituted a strategy for maintaining the collective memory in terms of being a milestone in the representation of the dynamic s slavery in the Americas. It started with a qualitative approach, whose methodological contribution was carried out through fieldwork, with guided tours for better historical knowledge of the region, as well as participation in cultural activities, which allowed direct observation of the neighborhood, both for knowledge and approximation with residents and local leaders, as well as listening to the subjects, since semi-structured interviews were carried out, seeking to understand how the symbolic experiences produced in the urban space of the city of Rio de Janeiro have been established, especially in the process of social construction in relation to its place and its meaning, considering that these practices are crossed by power relations that impact the way people build their references, since the space was and continues to be represented by the claims of the Afro-Brazilian population mobilized by the activities of the black movement and local leaderships, in which the past and traditions are reaffirmed by existing social exchanges. But, on the other hand, there was a new centrality for the Saúde neighborhood, with the increase in rents, and with the dynamics of the investment and disinvestment cycles of capitalism, which had an impact on the life of the resident in the face of a movement of real estate speculation that was related to directly with the articulation between urban interventions, and the constitution of an entire apparatus aimed at strengthening the service sector.stract.

Ce mémoire de maîtrise porte sur l’intégration de l’improvisation dans la création de trois de mes œuvres récentes. Ces œuvres sont : Nyctophilia – minimum 11’00’’ – pour quatuor à cordes et soliste improvisateur ; Æther – 10’ – pour trio à instrumentation non définie ; Presqu’étoile – 10’ – pour grand orchestre. En guise d’introduction, je présente mes préoccupations artistiques, l’origine de mon travail ainsi que la dualité qui semble opposer l’improvisation et la composition. Je dresse ensuite, en lien avec mes influences personnelles, un bref portrait de l’improvisation dans le jazz et dans la musique savante axé sur la seconde moitié du 20e siècle. Finalement, les œuvres font l’objet d’une analyse ciblée afin de démontrer les moyens utilisés pour intégrer l’improvisation dans la composition. Chacune des trois œuvres expose un moyen spécifique issu de ma réflexion et de mes recherches afin de gérer l’improvisation : Nyctophilia – axe de gestion de l’information ; Æther – conversationnalité et improvisation libre ; Presqu’étoile – comprovisation à partir d’Æther. / The focus of this master’s thesis is the integration of improvisation in three of my recent pieces: Nyctophilia – minimum 11’00’’ – for string quartet and soloist improviser ; Æther – 10’’ – for a trio of undetermined instruments ; Presqu’étoile – for full orchestra. As an introduction, I present my artistic concerns, the origin of my work, and the seeming duality that places improvisation in opposition to composition. Then I draw, according to my personal influences, a brief portrait of improvisation in jazz and in art music, primarily in the second half of the 20th century. Finally, I analyze three of my pieces to show the means utilized to integrate improvisation into composition. Each piece exhibits a specific way to manage the inclusion of improvisation, these methods being the result of my reflections and research. Nyctophilia – axis as a means of information management ; Æther – conversationnality and free improvisation ; Presqu’étoile – comprovisation in relation to Æther.

A new methodology is proposed to perform nonlinear time domain analysis on three-dimensional reinforced concrete bridge structures subjected to spatially varying seismic ground motions. A stochastic algorithm is implemented to generate unique and correlated time history records under each bridge support to model the spatial variability effects of seismic wave components traveling in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the bridge. Three-dimensional finite element models of highway bridges with variable geometry are considered where the nonlinear response is concentrated at bidirectional plastic hinges located at the pier end zones. The ductility demand at each pier is determined from the bidirectional rotations occurring at the plastic hinges during the seismic response evaluation of the bridge models. Variability of the soil characteristics along the length of the bridge is addressed by enforcing soil response spectrum compatibility of the generated time history records and of the dynamic stiffness properties of the spring sets modeling soil rigidity at the soil-foundation interface at each support location. The results on pier ductility demand values show that their magnitude depends on the type of soil under the pier supports, the pier location and the overall length and geometry of the bridge structure. Maximum ductility demand values were found to occur in piers supported on soft soils and located around the mid span of long multi-span bridges. The results also show that pier ductility demand values in the transverse direction of the bridge can be significantly different than the values in the longitudinal direction and in some instances, the maximum value occurs in the transverse direction. Moreover, results also show that ignoring the effects of spatial variability of the seismic excitation, the pier ductility demand can be severely underestimated. Finally, results show that increasing the vertical acceleration component in the seismic wave will generate an increase in the pier axial loads, which will reduce the ductility range of the pier plastic zones. As result, even though the increase in pier ductility demand associated with the increase in the vertical acceleration component was found to be relatively small, the number piers exhibiting significant structural damage increased.

This thesis examines stylistic technique and narrative strategy in a range of George Orwell’s fictional and non-fictional texts to demonstrate how personal experience and detached interpretation interact dialectically in his work to create layers of narrative complexity. Moving from Raymond Williams’ observation that the figure of “Orwell” is the writer’s “most successful” creation, this study asserts a vital correlation between form and content in Orwell’s work, specifically in the central position that perspective occupies in his political outlook. The multiple perspectives that surface in Orwell’s texts – the reluctant Imperial policeman, the tramp in disguise, the advocate of the working poor, the rebellious and satirically-inclined anti-totalitarian writer – correspond with the author’s life experiences, and yet are revealed as rhetorically constructed positions that are adopted strategically to generate nuanced, and at times contradictory, impressions of a wide range of subject matter. Chapter 1 treats Orwell’s Burmese writings as ethnographically-inflected texts; Chapter 2 examines the figure of the mask in Down and Out in Paris and London and in The Road to Wigan Pier; Chapter 3 analyses a dialectic of experience and interpretation at play in Homage to Catalonia; Chapter 4 scrutinizes the mobilization of the rebel writer figure in a selection of Orwell’s mature essays; and Chapter 5 examines the strategic deployment of competing perspectives in Nineteen Eighty-Four’s anatomy of the totalitarian state. This array of analytical approaches serves the dual function of highlighting the versatility and sophistication of narrative strategy across a range of individual texts in Orwell’s oeuvre, and of demonstrating a trajectory in his work that adheres simultaneously to both formal and political considerations. Orwell’s highly prolific two-decade-long writing career, I argue, can be productively understood as an ongoing experiment with narrative strategy, and this experiment exerts at each stage a direct influence on his evolving political aesthetic.

L'Inde a constitué un lieu de voyage pour beaucoup d`écrivains occidentaux, en particulier, pendant les années 60-70, pour cinq intelllectuels éuropéens et americains, qui ont voyagé et écrit différents textes. Pasolini, Moravia, Paz, Ginsberg et Duras ont parlé de l'Inde en utilisant différents languages pour décrire leur réncontre avec l'Autre au délà des catégories binaires occidentales. / India in the 60 and 70 has been the destination of the journey of five European and American writers who have stayed and wrote about it. Pasolini, Moravia, Ginsberg, Paz and Duras wrote of India using different languages from the travel documents, to the notes, to the essay, to the diaries up to the cinematic language. They described their encounter with the Other trying to go over the exotic stereotypes of western discourse into a space opaque and fragmented. / L’India ha costituito negli anni sessanta e settanta la destinazione dela viaggio di cinque scrittori europei e american che vi hanno soggiornato e ne hanno scritto. Pasolini, Moravia, Ginsberg, Paz e Duras hanno scritto dell’India e sull’India usando linguaggi diversi che vanno dal racconto di viaggio agli appunti al diario al saggio fino ad arrivare al linguaggio cinematografico. Attraverso questi multiformi linguaggi essi descrivono il loro incontro con l’Altro andando al di là dello stereotipo e delle categorie binarie del pensiero occidentale, captando l’Altro attraverso un discorso che diventa opaco e frammentario.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal. / Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de cette thèse ou ce mémoire a été dépouillée, le cas échéant, de ses documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale de la thèse ou du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Nesta tese foram avaliados o comportamento de tubulões a céu aberto, instrumentados, em solo não-saturado e colapsível. Para o desenvolvimento destes estudos foram executados seis tubulões instrumentados, com o objetivo de se obter a capacidade de carga e recalques, avaliar as curvas de transferência de carga, bem como a separação das parcelas de resistência da base e atrito lateral. Provas de carga na umidade natural e com inundação do solo através de cava de superfície foram realizadas para a quantificação da influência da variação da umidade na capacidade de carga e na colapsibilidade do solo. Os carregamentos aplicados nos tubulões foram do tipo lento (SML). Ensaios de campo e laboratório foram realizados para a obtenção dos parâmetros de resistência do solo e acompanhamento da variação do teor de umidade in situ com vistas ao estudo da capacidade de carga com a utilização dos conceitos dos solos não-saturados. Simulações numéricas foram realizadas com a utilização do modelo proposto por MACHADO (1998) para prever o comportamento dos tubulões executados em solo não-saturado no Campo Experimental de Fundações da USP/São Carlos. / The performance of instrumented pier in unsaturated and collapsible soil was evaluated. In order to study it, six instrumented caissons were performed to obtain the bearing capacity, settlements, the load transfer curves, and the separation of the base resistance and skin friction. Static load test were carried out with natural and saturated soil conditions to quantify the influence of moisture on the behaviour of pier. Field and laboratory tests were performed to obtain the soil resistance parameters and moisture content variation \"in situ\" in order to study the bearing capacity using unsaturated soil concepts. Numerical simulations were carried out through the model proposed by MACHADO (1998) to predict the behaviour of pier built unsaturated soil at the experimental field of foundations of USP/São Carlos.

L'analyse des écrits politiques de Pasolini peut nous aider à définir l'impact que sa pensée a eu sur son époque. Cet impact est un exemple du rôle que l'intellectuel peut jouer comme conscience critique de son temps, et cet exemple présuppose la recherche d'un cadre théorique où situer l'intellectuel dans un monde dominé par la puissance des médias et leur capacité à niveler l'opinion et même la pensée. Dans une société où l'intellectuel est essentiellement un clerc qui domine l'espace public défini par les mass-médias et surtout par la télévision, il peut être utile de revenir à la naissance de cette civilisation, avant que la société de l'image prenne le pas sur la société de la parole. Pasolini ressent, analyse et critique cette évolution : il en voyait les dangers et il savait aussi en exploiter les ressorts, ce qui rend actuel son héritage. Sa condition de marginal, de paria, dans la culture italienne de l'époque lui donne un point de vue extérieur sur son monde, mais sa subjectivité s'imposait par un discours polémique et hérétique. Son regard critique et sans compassion sur le monde et sur lui-même se déploie dans ses écrits politiques selon trois thèmes principaux qui sont aussi les facettes de sa personnalité : la passion pédagogique, la sensibilité à la forme artistique et l'engagement socio-politique.

A series of relatively recent bridge failures due to pier scour, as reported in literature, has rekindled interest in furthering our understanding of the scour process and for developing improved ways of protecting bridges against scour. Moreover, increased attention is being given to the state of Canadas infrastructure, a major aspect of which is the transportation network. In part, there is concern about both the impact of a failure on the handling of traffic flow while the failure is being remedied and on the cost of replacing the failed system component. As such, attention is being given to the scour design of new bridges and to the inspection, maintenance and management of existing bridge structures. The two major countermeasure techniques employed for preventing or minimising local scour at bridge piers are increased scour resistance and flow alteration. In the former case, the objective is to combat the erosive action of the scour-inducing mechanisms using hard engineering materials or physical barriers such as rock riprap. In the latter case, the objective is to either inhibit the formation of the scour-inducing mechanisms or to cause the scour to be shifted away from the immediate vicinity of the pier. This research focuses on a particular application of the latter technique. <p> In this study, the use of collars for reducing the effects of local scour at a bridge pier is presented together with the time aspect of the scour development. The adoption of a collar is based on the concept that its existence will sufficiently inhibit and/or deflect the local scour mechanisms so as to reduce the local scour immediately adjacent to the pier. The overall objective of the research is to study the temporal development of the scour for a pier fitted with a collar and a pier without a collar. More specifically, the objectives are: i) to evaluate the effectiveness of a pier collar for mitigating the depth of scour that would otherwise occur at a bridge pier; and ii) to assess the occurrence of an equilibrium scour condition, if achieved, or of the implications of not achieving such a condition in respect of interpreting the results obtained from a physical hydraulic model study. <p>The study was conducted using a physical hydraulic model operated under clear-water conditions in cohesionless bed material. Tests were conducted using two different pier diameters so as to determine the effect of pier diameter on the temporal development of scour for a plain pier. Also investigated was the effect of collar size on the time development of scour and its efficacy at preventing scour at a bridge pier. The time development of the scour hole around the model pier with and without a collar installed was compared with similar studies on bridge piers. Several equations for the temporal development of scour depth and those for the prediction of the equilibrium scour depth were tested as part of this study. <p>The results of the model study indicated that the maximum depth of scour is highly dependent on the experimental duration. The depth of the scour hole increases as the duration of the increased flow that initiates the scour increases. The extent of scour observed at the pier also increases as the duration of the tests increases. It was found that the temporal development of the scour hole at the pier was dependent on whether or not the pier was fitted with a collar placed at the bed level. The pathway to an equilibrium scour depth is different depending on whether the pier is fitted with a collar or not. With a collar in place, the development of the scour hole is considerably delayed. A truly equilibrium scour condition is not readily attainable and was not achieved in the work reported herein. It was demonstrated that wrong conclusions may be reached if a test is stopped short of an equilibrium state. As regards the temporal development of scour depth and for the tests in which no collar was fitted to the pier, it was noted that the form of equation that fits the experimental data well was the one given by Franzetti et al. (1982). Furthermore, it is possible to reach a variety of conclusions about the efficacy of using collars as a pier scour countermeasure technique, depending on which definition of time to equilibrium scour is adopted.