Neste estudo, foi avaliada a resistência à fratura de dentes que, já tratados endodonticamente, foram reconstruídos proteticamente com uma coroa de liga de NiCr (Verabond II), a qual era apoiada sobre núcleos compostos por diferentes materiais, obtidos por diferentes técnicas, cimentados no remanescente radicular com o ionômero de vidro Rely X Lutting 2, o qual é acrescido de resina composta. Esses núcleos eram do tipo metálico fundido, no grupo NMF; no grupo ANATO, a resina composta Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE, St. Paul-MN, USA) constituía o núcleo, contendo um pino de fibra de vidro (Reforpost Fibra de Vidro RX, Ângelus Indústria de Produtos Odontológicos Ltda.,Londrina-PR); este mesmo tipo de pino era utilizado no grupo PFFV, sendo diretamente cimentado, sem acréscimo de resina; finalmente, no grupo PFM, um pino metálico (no 064, FKG Dentaire S. A., La Chaux-de-Fonds, Swiss) era cimentado da mesma maneira descrita para o grupo anterior. Os remanescentes radiculares eram provenientes de dentes caninos superiores humanos, distribuídos aleatoriamente, compondo assim os quatro grupos, cada um com 10 espécimes: Os espécimes, após 24 horas da cimentação, foram submetidos a esforços cíclicos, em uma Máquina Eletro-Mecânica de Fadiga, aplicados no sentido do longo eixo dental, com carga de 20 N, na freqüência de 2,0 Hz, assim perfazendo um total de 250.000 ciclos. Excetuando-se 2 corpos-de-prova cujos núcleos soltaram-se da raiz, durante a carga cíclica, todos os demais foram submetidos a uma carga de compressão, numa máquina universal de ensaios (Kratos - Dinamômetros Ltda. São Paulo-SP), regulada na velocidade de 0,5 mm/min, com a força aplicada na face palatina da coroa, num ângulo de 45º em relação ao longo eixo dental, até a ocorrência da fratura radicular. Os valores de resistência encontrados foram os seguintes, em ordem decrescente: 47,677 kgf para o grupo NMF, 34,921 kgf para o PFM, 31,354 kgf para o PFFV e, 27,172 kgf para o ANATO. A análise de variância aplicada aos valores originais apontou diferença entre os grupos estudados e um subseqüente teste de Tukey (p<0,05) permitiu verificar semelhanças entre todos eles, com diferença significante apenas entre os grupos NMF e ANATO. / In this study, was evaluated the strength of endodontically treated teeth, had been reconstructed with a crown of NiCr alloy (Verabond II), which was supported by a post and core for different materials, gotten for different techniques, cemented in the root with the glass ionomer Rely X Lutting 2, which is increased of composed resin. These diferents post and cores were of the casting metallic type, in group NMF; in group ANATO, the composed resin Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE, St. Paul-MN, USA) was the core, contend a glass fiber post (Reforpost Fibra de Vidro RX, Ângelus Indústria de Produtos Odontológicos Ltda., Londrina - PR); this exactly type of post was used in group PFFV, being directly cemented, without resin addition on the core; finally, in group PFM, a metallic post (064, FKG Dentaire S. , La Chaux-of-Fonds, Swiss) were cemented in the same way described for the previous group. All the roots were proceeding from maxillary human canines, randomly distributed, thus composing the four groups, each one with 10 specimens: The specimens, after 24 hours of the cimentation, had been submitted the cyclical efforts, in an Electromechanical Machine of Fatigue, applied in the direction of the long dental axle, with load of 20 N, in the frequency of 2 Hz, thus occuring a total of 250.000 cycles. Excepting 2 body-of-test whose post and cores had been freed of the root, during the cyclical load, all excessively had been submitted to a compression load, in a universal machine of assays (Kratos - Ltda. Dinamômetros. São Paulo - SP), regulated in the speed of 0,5 mm/min, with the force applied in the lingual face of the crown, in an angle of 45º in relation to the long dental axle, until the occurrence of the any root fracture. The joined values of resistance had been following, orderly the decreasing one: 47,677 kgf for group NMF, 34.921 kgf for the PFM, 31,354 kgf for the PFFV and, 27,172 kgf for the ANATO. The analysis of variance applied to the original values pointed difference between the studied groups and a subsequent Tukey test (p<0,05) it allowed to verify similarities between all they, with significant difference only between groups NMF and ANATO.

Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2018-07-31T17:05:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Maria Fernanda Costa Scholz.pdf: 1290758 bytes, checksum: ddb5c2c0ca43f593268a067c13b5296b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-31T17:05:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Maria Fernanda Costa Scholz.pdf: 1290758 bytes, checksum: ddb5c2c0ca43f593268a067c13b5296b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência da viscosidade do ácido fosfórico e do modo de aplicação nos valores de resistência de união de pino de fibra de vidro cimentados na dentina radicular através do teste de pushout. Raízes de 32 pré-molares foram preparadas endodonticamente e divididas em 4 grupos (n = 8) de acordo com a combinação dos seguintes fatores: viscosidade do ácido e forma de aplicação. Após aplicação do adesivo Universal no interior dos condutos, foram realizadas as cimentações dos pinos com o cimento resinoso RelyX ARC. Em seguida, as raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente em 6 fatias de aproximadamente 1 mm e o teste de push-out foi realizado a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os resultados de resistência de união foram submetidos a uma análise de variância de três fatores de medidas repetidas e teste de Tukey (alpha = 0.05). A interação dupla modo de aplicação vs. viscosidade do ácido (p = 0,0002) e o terço radicular (p < 0,0001) foram estatisticamente significantes. O maior valor de resistência de união foi observado no grupo condicionado com ácido fosfórico líquido sob o modo de aplicação sônica (p < 0,05) sendo todos os outros grupos semelhantes entre si. Quanto ao terço radicular, observou-se maior valor de resistência de união no terço cervical, seguido do terço médio e do terço apical terço apical (p < 0,05). Pelos resultados pode-se concluir que uma melhor adesão de pinos de fibra de vidro ao conduto radicular pode ser obtida através do condicionamento com ácido fosfórico líquido com aplicação sônica. / The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the etchant viscosity (liquid or gel) and the application mode (passive or sonic) on the pushout bond strength values of fiberglass post to root dentin and the conditioning pattern on the smear-layer covered root dentin before cementation. The roots of premolars were prepared endodontically and divided into 4 groups (n = 8) according to the combination of the main factors: phosphoric acid viscosity (liquid gel) and application mode (passive or sonic). After the application of the universal adhesive into the root canals, the fiberglass posts were cemented with cementation system RelyX ARC. Then, the roots were sectioned transversely 6 slices of approximately 1 mm and the push-out test performed at a speed 0.5 mm/min. The results were submitted to a repeated measures three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (alpha = 0.05). The cross-product interaction mode of application vs. etchant viscosity (p = 0.0002) and the main factor root third (p < 0.0001) were statistically significant. The highest bond strength value was observed when the conditioning of the root canal was performed with a liquid phosphoric acid under sonic application mode (p < 0.05), being all other groups similar one another (p < 0.05). Regarding the root third, the highest push-out bond strength value was observed in the cervical third, followed by the medium third and the apical thirds (p < 0,05). The most common fracture pattern was the mixed failure. By the partial results one may conclude that a better bonding of fiberglass posts to root canals can be achieved when the conduits are conditioned with a

Neste estudo, foi avaliada a resistência à fratura de dentes que, já tratados endodonticamente, foram reconstruídos proteticamente com uma coroa de liga de NiCr (Verabond II), a qual era apoiada sobre núcleos compostos por diferentes materiais, obtidos por diferentes técnicas, cimentados no remanescente radicular com o ionômero de vidro Rely X Lutting 2, o qual é acrescido de resina composta. Esses núcleos eram do tipo metálico fundido, no grupo NMF; no grupo ANATO, a resina composta Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE, St. Paul-MN, USA) constituía o núcleo, contendo um pino de fibra de vidro (Reforpost Fibra de Vidro RX, Ângelus Indústria de Produtos Odontológicos Ltda.,Londrina-PR); este mesmo tipo de pino era utilizado no grupo PFFV, sendo diretamente cimentado, sem acréscimo de resina; finalmente, no grupo PFM, um pino metálico (no 064, FKG Dentaire S. A., La Chaux-de-Fonds, Swiss) era cimentado da mesma maneira descrita para o grupo anterior. Os remanescentes radiculares eram provenientes de dentes caninos superiores humanos, distribuídos aleatoriamente, compondo assim os quatro grupos, cada um com 10 espécimes: Os espécimes, após 24 horas da cimentação, foram submetidos a esforços cíclicos, em uma Máquina Eletro-Mecânica de Fadiga, aplicados no sentido do longo eixo dental, com carga de 20 N, na freqüência de 2,0 Hz, assim perfazendo um total de 250.000 ciclos. Excetuando-se 2 corpos-de-prova cujos núcleos soltaram-se da raiz, durante a carga cíclica, todos os demais foram submetidos a uma carga de compressão, numa máquina universal de ensaios (Kratos - Dinamômetros Ltda. São Paulo-SP), regulada na velocidade de 0,5 mm/min, com a força aplicada na face palatina da coroa, num ângulo de 45º em relação ao longo eixo dental, até a ocorrência da fratura radicular. Os valores de resistência encontrados foram os seguintes, em ordem decrescente: 47,677 kgf para o grupo NMF, 34,921 kgf para o PFM, 31,354 kgf para o PFFV e, 27,172 kgf para o ANATO. A análise de variância aplicada aos valores originais apontou diferença entre os grupos estudados e um subseqüente teste de Tukey (p<0,05) permitiu verificar semelhanças entre todos eles, com diferença significante apenas entre os grupos NMF e ANATO. / In this study, was evaluated the strength of endodontically treated teeth, had been reconstructed with a crown of NiCr alloy (Verabond II), which was supported by a post and core for different materials, gotten for different techniques, cemented in the root with the glass ionomer Rely X Lutting 2, which is increased of composed resin. These diferents post and cores were of the casting metallic type, in group NMF; in group ANATO, the composed resin Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE, St. Paul-MN, USA) was the core, contend a glass fiber post (Reforpost Fibra de Vidro RX, Ângelus Indústria de Produtos Odontológicos Ltda., Londrina - PR); this exactly type of post was used in group PFFV, being directly cemented, without resin addition on the core; finally, in group PFM, a metallic post (064, FKG Dentaire S. , La Chaux-of-Fonds, Swiss) were cemented in the same way described for the previous group. All the roots were proceeding from maxillary human canines, randomly distributed, thus composing the four groups, each one with 10 specimens: The specimens, after 24 hours of the cimentation, had been submitted the cyclical efforts, in an Electromechanical Machine of Fatigue, applied in the direction of the long dental axle, with load of 20 N, in the frequency of 2 Hz, thus occuring a total of 250.000 cycles. Excepting 2 body-of-test whose post and cores had been freed of the root, during the cyclical load, all excessively had been submitted to a compression load, in a universal machine of assays (Kratos - Ltda. Dinamômetros. São Paulo - SP), regulated in the speed of 0,5 mm/min, with the force applied in the lingual face of the crown, in an angle of 45º in relation to the long dental axle, until the occurrence of the any root fracture. The joined values of resistance had been following, orderly the decreasing one: 47,677 kgf for group NMF, 34.921 kgf for the PFM, 31,354 kgf for the PFFV and, 27,172 kgf for the ANATO. The analysis of variance applied to the original values pointed difference between the studied groups and a subsequent Tukey test (p<0,05) it allowed to verify similarities between all they, with significant difference only between groups NMF and ANATO.

This thesis deals with issues relating to the cosmological dimensions of landscapes, the cultural construction of age and the long-term changes in passage rituals and mortuary practices in the Bronze Age societies of Södermanland in East Central Sweden. A gender perspective forms the underlying theoretical framework, while the study as a whole is particularly interested in power relations between generations as an impetus for societal change. Burials from cairns and cemeteries, as well as heaps of fire-cracked stones, rock-carvings and ritual hoards from two Bronze Age Landscapes in Södermanland are used as examples and to illustrate the interpretations presented in this study. It is proposed that perceptions of landscapes and cosmology were created by placing cairns and stone settings at liminal places or boundaries in the landscape, while heaps of fire-cracked stones were situated at focal points. Places where rock-carvings are found, nearby rapids or on islands along river courses, are interpreted as birth-places, and stem from origin myths about the birth of the first humans at these sites. It is proposed that birth, life and death as cosmological principles may be perceived in the landscape and are related to different kinds of waters. In addition, it is suggested that the cultural construction of age is expressed in spatial terms where adults - both men and women - with special abilities and esoteric knowledge related to passage rituals, were buried in cairns. Infants, whose relationship with these adults was special, were instead buried in the heaps of fire-cracked stones. It is also considered that, among other things, the absence of swords in burials implies that the societies of East Central Sweden probably had a social organization that was distinct from the societies of southern Scandinavia. Regarding long-term changes in ritual practices it is suggested that ritual tools used in mortuary practices change from flint daggers in the Late Neolithic, to razors and tweezers during the Bronze Age. Further changes occurred in the Late Bronze Age, when pins were introduced into the ritual practices. Regarding age and gender, osteological estimates show that both adult men and women participated in passage rituals. With the transition to pins we also see changes in who dealt with passage rituals and it is rather young women who were responsible for this sphere in the later period. As children also become visible - both in burials and at rock-carving sites – during the Late Bronze Age, this is interpreted as signalling shifts in power relations between genders and generations in favour of women and younger people.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:54:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Priscilla Pessin Coppo.pdf: 1791694 bytes, checksum: 6f106783f17f1ac295e2e147181651cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-16 / Os estudos clínicos de dentes desvitalizados e restaurados com pinos mostram resultados semelhantes no que diz respeito ao percentual de falhas ou insucessos, apesar de tantas variações técnicas, metodológicas e operatórias entre eles. Os insucessos são maiores quando se tratam de elementos dentais coronariamente destruídos ou comprometidos periapicalmente. Com o objetivo de identificar o efeito das variações clínicas que influenciam na longevidade do tratamento e a prevalência de descimentação de pinos, cárie marginal, fraturas radiculares e de lesões periapicais, foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva do desempenho clínico de dentes restaurados com pino de fibra de carbono. Foram avaliados 139 dentes em 75 pacientes, três anos após a data de cimentação dos pinos. Os dentes foram submetidos a tratamentos endodônticos, incluindo preparos dos condutos para pino, e tratamentos restauradores, realizados pelo mesmo endodontista e protesista, respectivamente, segundo protocolos padronizados. Através de exame clínico, radiográfico, fotográfico, laudos endodônticos e informações obtidas de prontuários, os dentes foram classificados de acordo com: grupos dentais, modalidade de tratamento endodôntico recebida, intervalo decorrido entre a última sessão endodôntica e a cimentação do pino, morfologia do pino, quantidade de remanescente dentinário coronário após preparo protético e sistema da coroa protética utilizado. Não foram constatadas descimentações de pinos, fraturas radiculares, ou cáries, e a classificação foi favorável para 99,3% (138 dentes) dos tratamentos endodônticos realizados. De acordo com os parâmetros analisados, os resultados desse estudo revelaram que as variações clínicas identificadas, consideradas desfavoráveis, não foram fatores determinantes para o insucesso, partindo-se do conjunto de procedimentos e materiais utilizados para o tratamento dos dentes desses pacientes / Clinical studies of devitalized teeth restored with posts show similar outcomes with regard to the percentage of faults or failures, despite many technical variations, methodological and operative between them. The failures are greater when dealing with teeth coronally destroyed or periapically compromised. The aim of this study was identify the effect of clinical variants that influence the longevity of treatment and prevalence of dislodgment of post, marginal caries, root fracture and periapical lesions was performed a retrospective analysis of clinical performance of teeth restored with carbon fiber post. 139 teeth were evaluated in 75 patients, three years after the date of cementing the posts. The teeth were root canal treatments, including preparations of the conduits to posts, and restorative treatments, performed by the same endodontist and prosthetics, respectively, according to standardized protocols. Through clinical, radiographic, photographic, endodontic reports and information obtained from medical records, the teeth were classified according to: tooth groups, type of endodontic treatment received, time span between the last endodontic session and bonded post, morphology of the post, amount of remaining dentin after crown preparation and prosthetic crown system used. There were no dislodgment of post, root fractures, or caries, and the rank was favorably for 99.3% (138 teeth) of endodontic treatment. According to these parameters, the outcomes of this study revealed that the clinical variations identified, that are considered unfavourable, were not determining for the failure, starting from the set of procedures and materials used for dental treatment of these patients

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the residual dentin thickness of palatal root of premolars after post space preparation with the new Brazilian drill Post Preparation and compare with the Gates-Glidden and Largo drills using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 21 premolars were selected and randomized into 3 groups: G1 - Post Preparation burs; G2 - Gates-Glidden burs #2 and #3; G3 - Largo burs #1 and #2. The residual dentin thickness in seven sections for the mesial, distal, buccal and palatal points was measured in three stages: initial (unprepared), after instrumentation to #35 apical file and after post preparation using the equipment Kodak CS 9000C 3D Extraoral Imaging System and CS 3D Imaging v. 3.4.3. software. The area of the root canal was analyzed in three stages through VRMesh Reverse v. 7.6.1. software. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Data from linear measurements and the area were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Post Preparation burs demonstrated similar performance to the Gates-Glidden and Largo drills in the analysis of residual dentin thickness for post space preparation. / O objetivo do presente estudo in vitro foi avaliar a espessura de dentina residual da raiz palatina de pré-molares superiores após o preparo para pino com a nova broca brasileira Post Preparation e comparar com as brocas Gates-Glidden e Largo por meio da tomografia computadorizada cone beam (TCCB). Um total de 21 pré-molares superiores foram selecionados e randomizados em 3 grupos: G1 broca Post Preparation; G2 brocas Gates-Glidden nº 2 e 3; G3 brocas Largo nº 1 e 2. A espessura dentinária remanescente em sete cortes das paredes mesial, distal, vestibular e palatina foi medida em três momentos: inicial (sem preparo), após a instrumentação até a lima #35 e após o preparo para retentor intrarradicular por meio do equipamento Kodak CS 9000C 3D Extraoral Imaging System com auxílio do software CS 3D Imaging v. 3.4.3. A área dos condutos radiculares nos três momentos foi analisada por meio do software VRMesh Reverse v. 7.6.1. O nível de significância estatística foi estabelecido em 5%. Os dados das medidas lineares e da área da dentina remanescente foram analisados por meio do teste de Kruskal-Wallis. A broca Post Preparation demonstrou comportamento similar às brocas Gates-Glidden e Largo quanto ao desgaste dentinário durante o preparo para retentor intrarradicular.

Orientadores: Fernanda Miori Pascon, Regina Maria Puppin Rontani / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T05:29:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Iwamoto_AlexsandraShizue_M.pdf: 5068520 bytes, checksum: 5edcd14cf180873ed3b9ce319f696504 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar in vitro a influência de diferentes materiais obturadores e agentes de limpeza na resistência da união de pinos de fibra de vidro à dentina radicular e na qualidade da interface adesiva. 156 raízes de dentes bovinos decíduos foram selecionadas, preparadas endodonticamente e distribuídas em 4 grupos de acordo com os materiais obturadores (39 dentes): 1- Controle (sem material); 2- Pasta Calen® + óxido de zinco (OZ); 3- Pasta Vitapex®; 4- Pasta Calcipex II®. Após 7 dias, as raízes foram desobturadas e subdivididas de acordo com os agentes de limpeza (13 dentes): A - Controle (sem limpeza); B - Etanol a 70%; C - Tergenform®. A cimentação do pino foi realizada com cimento resinoso RelyXMR ARC após condicionamento com ácido fosfórico a 35 % e aplicação do sistema adesivo Adper Single BondTM 2. Os espécimes foram armazenados por 7 dias, seccionados e preparados para avaliação da resistência da união (n=10) e análise da interface por meio da infiltração por nitrato de prata (n=3). O teste push-out foi conduzido na máquina de ensaio universal EMIC com velocidade 0,5mm/min. Os dados obtidos em Kgf foram convertidos em MPa e submetidos à ANOVA dois fatores (materiais obturadores x agentes de limpeza) e ao teste Tukey (p<0,05). Amostras representativas dos grupos foram observadas em Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) após a realização do teste push-out para ilustrar a fratura ocorrida. Para avaliação qualitativa da interface adesiva entre dentina/cimento e cimento/pino, as áreas infiltradas pela solução de nitrato de prata foram observadas em MEV e mensuradas por um único examinador previamente calibrado (nível de coincidência intra-examinador=98%), calculadas em porcentagem e submetidas ao teste Kruskal-Wallis (p<0,05) e à análise descritiva. Para os resultados da resistência da união, verificou-se que houve interação entre os fatores de estudo (p=0.0043). A pasta Calen®+OZ e limpeza com etanol apresentou o maior valor de resistência da união, diferindo estatisticamente do grupo sem limpeza. Valores intermediários foram encontrados para a limpeza com Tergenform®. As pastas Vitapex® e Calcipex® não apresentaram diferenças entre os agentes de limpeza e menores valores de resistência da união foram para o grupo controle (sem material obturador) e limpeza com Tergenform®, diferindo dos outros agentes de limpeza. Observou-se que não houve diferença entre os grupos para a infiltração de prata nas interfaces adesivas entre cimento e dentina radicular, que variou de 20,63% a 56,62%. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que: (1) os materiais obturadores e os agentes de limpeza interferiram na resistência da união de pinos de fibra de vidro e dentina radicular; (2) ao realizar a obturação do canal radicular com pasta Calen®+OZ o melhor agente de limpeza foi o etanol a 70%; (3) para as pastas Vitapex® e Calcipex II® não há necessidade de agentes de limpeza; e (4) todos os grupos sofreram infiltração na interface de união entre cimento/dentina radicular, independente dos materiais obturadores e agentes de limpeza estudados / Abstract: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the post-cement-dentin adhesive interface quality and the effect of different filling materials and cleaning agents on the bond strength of glass fiber posts to primary root dentin. This study included 156 roots of bovine primary teeth which were endodontically treated and assigned to four groups (39 teeth each group) according to filling materials: 1 - control (no material); 2 - Calen® paste + zinc oxide (ZO); 3 - Vitapex® paste; and 4 - Calcipex II® paste. After seven days, the filling materials were removed and the roots for each material subdivided into 3 groups (13 teeth) according to cleaning agents: A - No cleaning (control); B - 70% ethanol; and C - Tergenform®. Glass fiber posts were luted using dual polymerized resin cement (RelyXMR ARC) after 35% acid etching, rinsing and application of the adhesive system (Adper Single BondTM 2). The specimens were stored for 7 days, sectioned and prepared for push-out bond strength test (n=10) and interface analysis by silver nitrate leakage (n=3). A push-out test was performed using a universal test machine (EMIC) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data obtained in Kgf were converted into MPa and submitted to two-way ANOVA (filling materials x cleaning agents) and Tukey tests (p<0.05). After the push-out test, representative samples of the groups were submitted to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to illustrate the failure modes. The adhesive interface between dentin/cement and cement/post were also analyzed by SEM. The leakage (expressed in percentage) was measured by a single examiner previously calibrated (intra-examiner coincidence level = 98%) using a silver nitrate solution. Data obtained for leakage were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05) and descriptive analysis. Interaction was observed between filling materials and cleaning agents, concerning bond strength values (p=0.0043). Calen® paste+ZO with 70% ethanol showed the highest values, significantly different from the groups using no cleaning agents. Vitapex® and Calcipex® showed no significant difference between cleaning agents. The lowest bond strength values were found for the control with Tergenform®. No statistical difference was observed between groups concerning silver leakage (20.63% to 56.62%) in the adhesive interface between cement and dentin. In conclusion, filling materials and cleaning agents influenced the bond strength, but not the adhesive interface between intracanal posts and root dentin; as a cleaning agent, 70% ethanol responded better to Calen® paste+ZO; cleaning agents are not required for Vitapex® and Calcipex®; all groups showed leakage in the adhesion interface between cement resin/dentin root, regardless of the filling materials and cleaning agents studied / Mestrado / Odontopediatria / Mestre em Odontologia

Les modifications du paysage engendrées par les activités humaines sont une des causes majeures du déclin de la biodiversité. En générant une perte de la connectivité fonctionnelle du paysage, elles limitent les déplacements des individus et entraînent la rupture des flux de gènes, processus clés dans le maintien et la persistance des populations. Cependant, le lien entre ces processus et la structure du paysage est encore mal compris. Dans ce contexte, nous avons conduit une étude sur la Martre des pins, une espèce a priori forestière, bien que capable de s’installer durablement dans des paysages fragmentés. A partir de l’analyse de la variabilité génétique de groupes échantillonnées sur 13 sites forestiers à l’échelle de la région Champagne-Ardenne, et du suivi des déplacements d’individus à fine échelle, en milieu continu et fragmenté, nous avons estimé la résistance du paysage aux différents déplacements, c’est-à-dire dans quelle mesure ceux-ci sont freinés ou facilités par les éléments du paysage. Nous avons mis en évidence que les déplacements sont freinés, d’une part par la présence d’une large plaine agricole, et d’autre part, par certaines infrastructures de transport. Nous avons également mis en évidence que les déplacements des martres entre les taches d’habitats sont facilités par la présence de haies et que la hauteur du couvert végétal des habitats non boisés pourrait jouer un rôle dans ces déplacements. Cette étude apporte d’importantes connaissances sur l’écologie des déplacements de la Martre des pins et souligne la nécessité de la prise en compte de la réponse des organismes dans l’établissement des futurs réseaux écologiques. / Landscape changes, generated by anthropogenic activities, are widely recognised as one of the main causes of global biodiversity decline. Leading to a loss of functional landscape connectivity, they disrupt movements and gene flow which play a primordial role for the persistence of populations. However, the relationship between these processes and landscape structure remains unclear. In this context, we studied landscape connectivity in European pine marten, a forest species present in fragmented landscapes. We evaluated landscape resistance, i.e. how landscape features impede or facilitate movements and gene flow, analysing genetic variability of groups sampled in 13 forest sites of the Champagne-Ardenne regional area, and studying individual fine-scale movements in both continuous and fragmented areas. We showed that intensive agricultural plain and certain linear infrastructures could impede movements. In addition, we showed that hedgerows facilitate movements between forest patches and we suggested that vegetation height of open habitats could play a role for these movements. This study provides important insights on movement ecology of the European pine marten and underlines the need to take into account responses of organisms in the establishment of ecological networks.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of the structure of the multi-storey building of the Technical Museum in Olomouc. This timber structure is made of glued laminated wood with the strenghts Gl24h and Gl32h. It is a complex of six adjoining buildings, which are shifted from one another in both transverse direction and the heigth. The ground plan dimensions of the parcel on which tha hal lis decomposed is 40 x 80 m. A complete static design solution, including its foundation, anchoring and selected type connections, has been solved.

Late Iron Age burials in Courland have primarily been used as signifiers of ethnical identity for larger groups of people, mainly based on later written sources. Based on gender theoretical perspectives, the burials can be understood as communicating different and varying, socially constructed identities. Dress pins are discussed as markers for a female identity among people of higher social standing. After the introduction of cremation burials, the need to communicate this identity through dress pins seems to disappear and women, as well as men, are buried with penannular brooches. A child’s grave indicates that this identity might have been adopted when the child reached a certain age and was considered to have reached social adulthood. / Vēlā dzelzs laikmeta Kurzemes apbedījumi galvenokārt tika izmantoti, lai izsekotu etnisko piederību lielākām cilvēku grupām, un balstās galvenokārt uz vēlākiem teksta avotiem. No dzimumu teorētiskā viedokļa apbedījumus var analizēt arī no dažādu un atšķirīgu sociāli konstruētu identitāšu skatu viedokļa. Rotadatas tiek apspriestas kā sieviešu identitātes izpausme no sabiedrības augstākajiem slāņiem. Pēc ugunskapu ieviešanas šīs identitātes izpausme ar rotadatām izskatās, ka pamazām izzūd, un gan sieviešu, gan vīriešu apbedījumos tiek atrastas pakavsaktas. Bērna apbedījums analīzes materiālā uzrāda, ka indivīda identitāte tika iegūta, kad bērns sasniedza noteiktu vecumu, kas tika pieņemts par sociāli pieaugušo vecumu.