Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Tübingen. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 673-717).

The present thesis aims to analyse the manner in which the ethnically and culturally diverse environment of Eastern Anatolia during the Hellenistic era has influenced the royal houses of the Mithradatids, Ariarathids, Ariobarzanids and Commagenian Orontids. The focus of analysis will be represented by the contact and osmosis between two of the major cultural influences present in the area, namely the Iranian (more often than not Achaemenid Persian) and Greco-Macedonian, and the way in which they were engaged by the ruling houses, in their attempt to establish, preserve and legitimise their rule. This will be followed in a number of fields: dynastic policies and legitimacy conceptions, religion, army and administration. In each of these fields, discrete elements betraying the direct influence of one or the other cultural traditions will be followed and examined, both in isolation and in interaction with other elements, together with which they form a diverse, but nevertheless coherent whole. The eventual result of this analysis will be to demonstrate how the intersection of cultures and the willing appropriation by the ruling houses of what we might call, using a modern term, ‘multiculturalism’ has created a new, interesting and robust tradition, whose influence would endure well into the Roman era.

No description available.

Pontus de Tyard (1521 ou 1522-1605), poète, théologien et philosophe, rassemble ses six dialogues, parus d’abord séparément à partir de 1552, dans un ouvrage collectif : les Discours philosophiques (1587). Le dialogue, au XVIe siècle, répond souvent à une intention didactique car il facilite, par sa forme, la diffusion du savoir. Les dialogues de Tyard nous semblent bien chercher eux aussi à contribuer à la collecte et à la diffusion des connaissances, en s’inscrivant dans le mouvement général de vulgarisation du savoir que les historiens du livre ont mis en évidence. Cependant, d’un autre côté, ces dialogues nous semblent mener une véritable enquête philosophique, à une quête de la vérité, mêlée à une interrogation sur la possibilité d’atteindre une telle vérité, dont les intentions sont plus difficiles à saisir. Nous nous sommes donc attachée à observer la coexistence de ces deux aspects. Notre travail s’organise en trois grandes parties. La première remet la composition des livres de Tyard dans le contexte de sa carrière et des milieux qu’il a traversés. La deuxième concerne les questions de mise en forme et de mise en perspective (du point de vue des normes littéraires et typographiques). La dernière partie tente enfin d’apporter des éléments de réponse à la question initiale, à travers l’examen précis (limité au cas exemplaire du Premier Curieux) de la façon dont Tyard, par la voix de ses personnages, traite des questions philosophiques. Dans ce but, nous avons mené une comparaison avec des traités cosmologiques contemporains, analysé la méthode de compilation mise en œuvre par Tyard, et montré le rôle qu’il accorde à l’expression des doutes et des paradoxes. / Pontus de Tyard (1521 or 1522-1605), poet, philosopher and theologian, brings together the six dialogues, first published separately from 1552, in a joint publication : the Discours philosophiques (1587). The dialogue in the sixteenth century, often meets a didactic intention, as it facilitates knowledge diffusion by its form. Tyard’s dialogues do indeed seem to try to contribute to knowledge collection and diffusion by being part of the general movement of knowledge popularization that book historians highlighted. However, on the other hand, these dialogues seem to have a real philosophical inquiry, a quest for truth, mixed with a query about the possibility of achieving such a truth, whose intentions are more difficult to grasp. Therefore we sought to observe the coexistence of these two aspects. Our work is organized into three main parts. The first part presents Tyard’s books composition in the context of his career and the circles he moved in. The second one relates to layout and content issues (from a literary and typographical standards point of view). The last section attempts to finally bring some answers to the original question, through a specific examination (limited to the exemplary case of Premier Curieux) of how Tyard, through his characters, deals with philosophical questions. With this aim in view, we conducted a comparison study with contemporary cosmological treatises, analyzed the compilation method initiated by Tyard, and demonstrated the importance he attaches to the expression of doubts and paradoxes.

During the 19th century, the Swedish society implemented a new criminal law which made homosexual acts punishable with hard labour for up to two years. What’s even more notably is that the penal formulation equated these homosexual acts with bestiality. Contemporary with this implementation, an academic man named Pontus Wikner lived. Professor of philosophy, married to a girl named Ida and with two baby boys he carried a huge secret with him for his entire life - he was a homosexual. The purpose of the study was to figure out how Pontus Wikners self-image as a homosexual was in his lifetime in relation to the current laws and norms within the society, but also in relation to topics such as personal beliefs and his close relations. In order to fulfil the purpose, a qualitative, micro historic study has been implemented - with a thematic structure in order to answer the questions. What emerged as the study took shape was that Pontus Wikner did by no means life a simple or nonproblematic life. In the public sphere he was an highly regarded academic within the area of philosophy and religious philosophy. In the private sphere, Wikner lived a different life. In his confessions and diares, Wikner told the story that not many knew about his life in the private sphere. These writings were given out posthumously, and told the story of Wikners hidden life. Wikners self-image as a homosexual seems to be pretty clear. Never did Wikner feel as much love as he did in his close relations with other men. It was within these relations that he found himself dearly happy. His writings showed an internal struggle of large proportions. In relations to current theories wihtin masculinity and queer theory, the analysis has lit an old problem with new perspectives. The definition of homosexuality as we know it today did not yet exist, therefor the concept of queer and masculinity helped to show how Pontus Wikner was not only a homosexual. He was also in some definitions a queer persona as he showed a deep insight within his confessions and diaries with his own problems, but also a will to help, guide and protect his peers within the society to give them a more worthy life than he lived.

No description available.

No description available.

Zugl.: Innsbruck, Universiẗat, Diss., 2008 (leicht überarb., aktualis. und erw.). / Originaltitel: Zum "Philhellenismus" der Könige von Bithynien, Pontos und Kappadokien", Titel der Diss. Originaltitel: Zum Philhellenismus der Könige von Bithynien, Pontos und Kappadokien.

Denna uppsats är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie som ämnar undersöka  framställningen av två bibliska gestalter, Judas Iskariot och Pontus Pilatus, i den populärkulturella TV-serien ”The Bible” och hur framställningen förhåller sig till de bibliska utsagorna. Fokus ligger på hur man karaktäriserat och framställt dem i förhållande till den skuld de tillskrivits i evangelierna för Jesu korsfästelse. Det övergripande syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda vilka konventioner som styr bibliska adaptioner och om det kan finnas ett missionerande syfte med TV-serien. Det hela härleds till Wiktorin (2010) tes om att religionsutövare kan använda populärkulturella framställningar som en del i en missionen och att populärkulturen är en stark pjäs vid förmedling av livsfrågor och grundläggande värderingar. Metoden som använts är en litteraturvetenskaplig metod; narrativanalys och den teoretiska ramen som omgärdar framställningen är adaptiosnteori, enligt McFarlane (1996) och Leitch (2007). Undersökningen visar att de populärkulturella konventionerna ifråga om berättandet och framställning av karaktärerna påverkar framställningen mycket. Processen, att adaptera en karaktär från litterär bibliskkälla till visuellt medium bidrar till att det blir mer komplexa karaktärsbeskrivningar och skuldfrågan blir svårare att förhålla sig till, eftersom det presenteras bakomliggande orsaker till handlingarna som Judas och Pilatus tillskrivs. Vidare kan man också hävda att författarna Downey och Burnett har haft ett missionerande syfte med serien, eftersom de såg skapandet av den som ett kall, en idé given av gud (CBSnews.com). Ytterligare tecken på missionen är att produktionen på något sätt är kopplat till ett företag, eller samfund som har den kristna missionen som huvudsyssla.

The territory of Pontus once occupied by the Mithridatic Kingdom in the Hellenistic Period and fell under the Roman Empire in the first century B.C., layed between the Pontus Euxine (Black Sea) and the northern edge of the Anatolian plateau. In his Geography Strabo describes Pontus with a detailed account of the settlements. In his description of his hometown Amaseia (Amasya today), he mentions a plain with 1000 villages called Chiliocomum. Indeed, the archaeological survey data indicates that there were a large number of settlements dating to the Hellenistic and the Roman period in this region. The aim of this thesis is to quantify the settlement - environment relationship and to investigate and compare settlement patterns in the Hellenistic and Roman periods by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Data sets are used in the study includes a settlement database, topography, road network, soil and current landuse which were spatially analysed in GIS. Raster analyses, proximity analyses and density analyses are conducted in order to understand and compare site distribution and landuse. The results of the GIS analyses revealed that settlements were located in particular areas of the landscape. Some of these areas continued to be settled from the Hellenistic through the Roman period, while others were abandoned and alternative landscapes have replaced them. The results of the various analyses were utilized to discuss issues related to the shift in the political power and the socio-political structure in the region from the Hellenistic and to the Roman period.